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DDC 1013
Micro Computer Applications
Main text:
Discovery Computer 2011, Shelly Cashman
Vermaat, International Student Edition
Microsoft Office Introductory Concept and Technique
2008, Shelly Cashman Vermaat, International
Student Edition, Thomson Course Technology
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CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Computers
CHAPTER 2: Internet
CHAPTER 3: Windows
CHAPTER 4: Word Processing I & II
CHAPTER 5: Graphical Presentation I & II
CHAPTER 6: Electronic Worksheet I & II
CHAPTER 7: Database Management System I & II
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS
Computer System
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1.1 Computer Components
COMPUTER
• An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions
stored in its own memory, that can accept data, process the
data according to specified rules, produce results, and store the
result for future use.
Accepts data
Raw facts, figures,
and symbols
Processes data into
information
Data that is organized,
meaningful, and useful
Produces and stores results
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1.1 Computer Components
• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and
mechanical components known as hardware
Input Device
• Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer
Output Device
• Hardware component that conveys information to one or more
people
System Unit
• Case that contains the electronic components of the computer
that are used to process data
Storage Device
Communications
Device
• Holds data, instructions, and information for future use
• Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions,
and information to and from one or more computers or mobile
devices
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1.2 Data and Information
DATA
• A collection of unprocessed items, which can
include text, numbers, images, audio and
video
INFORMATION
• Conveys meaning and is useful to one or
more people
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1.3 System Unit
System Unit
• unit box-like that contains the electronic components of the
computer that are used to process data
Motherboard
• A circuit board in the system unit that have TWO main
components, PROCESSOR and MEMORY.
1. Processor is the electronic component that interprets and
carries out basic instructions that operate the computer
2. Memory consists of electronic components that store
instructions waiting to be executed
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1.4 Secondary Storage
STORAGE
• Holds data, instructions, and information for future
use
Storage media
(also known as secondary storage)
Physical material on which data, instructions,
and information are stored
Storage device
Records and retrieves items to and from
a storage medium
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1.4 Secondary Storage
Example of storage media / secondary
storage are:
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USB flash drives
Hard disks
Optical disks
Memory cards
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1.4 Secondary Storage
USB Flash Drive
• Portable
• Provides much
greater storage
capacity than a
floppy disk
• Small and
lightweight enough
to be transported
on a keychain or
in a pocket
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1.4 Secondary Storage
Hard Disk
• Provides much
greater storage
capacity than a
floppy disk or
USB flash drive
• Most are housed
inside the system unit
• Some are portable
hard disks, either
external or removable
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1.4 Secondary Storage
Optical Disc
• Flat, round, portable metal disc with a
plastic coating
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CD ROM
CD RW
DVD ROM
DVD RW
Blu-Ray Discs
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1.5 Input Device
INPUT DEVICES
• Any hardware component that allows you to enter data or
instructions into a computer
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1.5 Input Device
Five widely used input devices are:
1. Keyboard
2. Mouse
3. Microphone
4. Scanner
5. Web cam
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1.5 Input Device
Keyboard
A computer keyboard contains keys you press to enter
data into the computer
Mouse
With the mouse, you can control movement of a small
symbol on the screen, called the pointer, and you make
selections from the screen
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1.5 Input Device
Microphone
Allows you to speak into the computer
Scanner
Converts printed material (such as text and pictures)
into a form the computer can use
Web cam
A digital video camera that allows you to create movies
or take pictures and store them on the computer instead
of on tape or film
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1.6 Output Device
OUTPUT DEVICES
• any hardware component that conveys information to one or
more people
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1.6 Output Device
Three commonly used output devices are:
1. Printer – produces text and graphics on a physical
medium such as paper
2. Monitor – displays text, graphics, and videos on a
screen
3. Speaker – allow you to hear music, voice, and other
audio (sounds)
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1.7 Features of a Good Computer
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Processor
Speed
Reliability
Accuracy
Automation
Diligence
Consistency
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1.8 Computer Categories
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1.8 Computer Categories
PERSONAL COMPUTER
• Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and
storage activities by itself
• Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple
– Desktop computer
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1.8 Computer Categories
MOBILE COMPUTERS AND MOBILE DEVICES
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1.8 Computer Categories
MOBILE COMPUTERS AND MOBILE DEVICES
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1.8 Computer Categories
MOBILE COMPUTERS AND MOBILE DEVICES
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1.8 Computer Categories
GAME CONSOLE
• A mobile computing
device designed for
single-player or
multiplayer video
games
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1.8 Computer Categories
SERVER
• Controls access to
the hardware,
software, and other
resources on a
network
– Provides a centralized
storage area for
programs, data, and
information
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1.8 Computer Categories
MAINFRAME
• A large, expensive,
powerful computer
that can handle
hundreds or
thousands of
connected users
simultaneously
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1.8 Computer Categories
SUPERCOMPUTER
• The fastest, most powerful computer
– Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more
than one quadrillion instructions in a single second
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1.8 Computer Categories
EMBEDDED COMPUTER
• A special-purpose computer that functions
as a component in a larger product
Consumer
Electronics
• Mobile and digital
telephones
• Digital televisions
• Cameras
• Video recorders
• DVD players and
recorders
• Answering
machines
Home Automation
Devices
• Thermostats
• Sprinkling
systems
• Security
monitoring
systems
• Appliances
• Lights
Automobiles
• Antilock brakes
• Engine control
modules
• Airbag controller
• Cruise control
Process
Controllers and
Robotics
• Remote
monitoring
systems
• Power monitors
• Machine
controllers
• Medical devices
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Computer Devices
and Office
Machines
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Keyboards
Printers
Faxes
Copiers
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1.8 Computer Categories
EMBEDDED COMPUTER
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1.9 Multimedia
MULTIMEDIA
• Any application that combines text with
graphics, animation, audio, video, and/or
virtual reality
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
System software
• Consists of the programs that control or
maintain the operations of the computer and
its devices
• Two types of system software are:
1. Operating system
2. Utility program
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
Operating system
A set of programs that coordinates all the activities
among computer hardware devices
Functions of OS
• Starting a computer
• Providing user interface
• Managing programs
• Managing memory
• Scheduling jobs
• Configuring devices
• Establishing an Internet connection
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
Utility program
Allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to
managing a computer, its devices or its programs
The functions for the utility program, include:
• Managing files
• Viewing graphic files
• Uninstalling programs
• Scanning disks
• Defragmenting disks
• Diagnosing problems
• Backing up files
• Setting up screen savers
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
FILE MANAGER
• Is a utility that performs functions related to file and disk
management
– Displaying a list of files
– Organizing files in folders
– Copying, renaming, deleting,
moving, and sorting files
and folders
– Creating shortcuts
• A shortcut is an icon on the
desktop that provides a user
with immediate access to a
program or file
• Formatting is the process
of preparing the disk for
reading and writing
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
IMAGE VIEWER
• Is a utility that allows users to display and
copy the contents of a graphics file
• With an image viewer,
users can see images
without having to
open them in a paint
or image editing
program
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
UNINSTALLER
• Is a utility that removes a program, as well as
any associated entries in the system files
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
DISK SCANNER
• Is a utility that detects and corrects both
physical and logical problems on a hard disk
or floppy disk and searches for unnecessary
files
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
DISK DEFRAGMENTER
• Is a utility that reorganizes the files and unused
space on a computer’s hard disk so the operating
system accesses data more quickly and programs
run faster
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
DIAGNOSTIC UTILITY
• Compiles technical information about your
computer’s hardware and certain system
software programs and then prepares a report
outlining any identified problems
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1.10 Operating System and Utilities Program
BACKUP UTILITY
• Allows a user to copy,
or back up, selected
files or an entire hard
disk onto another disk
or tape
• Restore
program
reverses the process
and returns backed
up files to their
original form
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END OF CHAPTER 1
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