LEVEL 2
LAW THEORY
EXAMINATION
2009
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
This examination is comprised of questions on the Laws of the Game that are applicable to the role
of the referee during a match. The examination is primarily used as part of the assessment for
candidates for Level 2 referee accreditation, although any individual may undertake the
examination.
NOTES:
1. All questions assume there is no advantage (unless otherwise specified)
2. All questions refer to Senior Law unless specifically identified as otherwise (i.e. U19 Laws).
3. The Law or other reference for each question is shown to the right of each question.
4. All questions are based on 2009 Laws (incorporating ELVs used in Australia in 2009).
5. Law books and notes may be used when completing the examination.
6. Laws of the Game and other resources are available on line at http://tinyurl.com/rugbylaws09
7. All questions are multiple choice.
8. There is only one correct answer for each question.
9. All questions are worth one mark each and the pass level for the examination is 90%.
10. The examination is divided into the following 5 sections:
• Section 1 – Laws 1 - 10
• Section 2 – Laws 11 - 15
• Section 3 – Laws 16 - 17
• Section 4 – Laws 18 - 19
• Section 5 – Laws 20 - 22
11. Once you have completed the exam you will need to submit the answer sheet (located at the
back of the examination paper) to the Referee Manager / Referee Development Officer in your
state for marking.
12. You should retain the question paper for future reference and for follow up in relation to the
exam.
This examination takes account of the Laws applicable in 2009. The structure of this examination
has been adopted to enable the exam to be undertaken on-line. If you wish to complete the
examination in this manner you should contact your state Referee Manager / Referee Development
Officer.
The assistance of Jamie McGregor (NSWRU) and Matt Kellahan (ARU) is acknowledged for
updating this examination, as is the assistance of Peter Marshall, Andrew Cole, Matt Goddard and
Ron Mancell for reviewing the examination.
Warren Robilliard
Coach Education Manager
Australian Rugby Union
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2
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 1
Laws 1-10
1
Law Ref.
Binding in a scrum, ruck or maul requires a player to:
a
b
c
d
Hold another player's body with his hand only
Lean on the side of the scrum, ruck or maul without gripping another player
Hold another player's legs with both hands and arms
Grasp another player's body with the whole arm in contact from hand to shoulder
2
Actual time is:
The time in each half of the match
a
The scheduled total time to be played for the match
b
The total time played, including time taken for injuries, Assistant Referee reports, etc.
c
The total time played, not including time taken for injuries, Assistant Referee reports, etc.
d
3
The 22-metre line is:
a
b
c
d
4
5
c
d
e
6
d
c
d
3
There is no contest for the ball, and the team throwing in the ball must win it
The half-back who did not throw the ball in must retire behind the feet of his last teammate in the scrum
The number and formation of players of both scrums must be the same
Pushing is permitted up to 1.5m
All of the above
3
The front-rower is not able to be replaced
A suitably trained front-rower will replace him without another player leaving the field
Another player of the team will leave the field to allow a suitably trained front-rower to
take the field
No replacement is allowed and uncontested scrums result
A player leaves the field to have a bleeding wound attended to. A temporary replacement
comes onto the field, and after 2 minutes of play is sent-off for foul play. In this situation:
a
b
1
The touch lines and the goal lines are in the “field of play”
The touch lines and the goal lines are not in the “field of play”
The in-goal is in the “field of play”
A front-rower is sent-off or temporarily suspended. There is no other player on the field who is
suitably trained to replace him in the front row, but there is a suitably trained substitute on the
bench. In this situation:
a
b
c
7
Outside the 22-metre area
Part of the in-goal area
Part of the 22-metre area
The place from where all restart kicks are taken following a try
Due to a sequence of players ordered-off or injured, and with no suitably trained front-row
players available, the game continues with uncontested scrums. Which of the following
restrictions apply?
a
b
Defn.
1
Which of the following statements is correct?
a
b
c
Defn.
3
Another player may replace the player who was sent-off
The original player may return to the field, so long as the wound has been appropriately
attended to
The original player may not return to the field under any circumstances
If either player is a front-row player, the referee must order uncontested scrums
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3
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 1 (ctd)
8
Which of the following is not a banned item of clothing?
a
b
c
d
9
10
d
12
13
8
The ball or a player carrying the ball touches the referee
The scrum is wheeled through more than 90°
A scrum collapses, or a player in the scrum is lifted into the air
The ball comes out either end of the tunnel in a scrum without being played
None of the above
A player takes a penalty kick at goal. An opponent is lifted by a team-mate directly in front of
the crossbar, and knocks the ball forward, preventing it from going through the goal posts.
What is the correct decision?
a
Award a scrum to the attacking team, 5m out from the goal-line in line with the goal-posts
b
Award a penalty kick to the attacking team, 5m out from the goal-line and in-line with the
goal-posts
Award a penalty kick to the attacking team, 10m in front of the mark for the original
infringement
Play on
c
d
8
Advantage cannot be played to the defending team inside their own 22m-area
Territorial advantage requires at least a 20m gain in ground
Tactical advantage can mean freedom for the non-offending team to use the ball as they
wish
The length of time the referee plays advantage must always be the same
Advantage should be played when:
a
b
c
d
e
6
Play on
Award a 5m scrum to the attacking team
Award a 5m scrum to the defending team
Award a try at the point of contact
Which of the following statements apply to the application of advantage?
a
b
c
5
Blow half-time or no-side immediately
Play the scrum and continue until the ball is next dead
Play the scrum and continue until there is an infringement by either team
Play the scrum and continue until either team scores a try, penalty kick or drop-goal
A player in possession of the ball comes into contact with the referee in his opponent’s in-goal
area, and neither team gains an advantage. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
11
A metal necklace
A jersey that is slightly blood-stained
A boot that is missing a stud, but still has two studs at the toe of the boot
A radio earpiece
A player knocks on, and the referee awards a scrum. He looks at his watch and sees that when
he awarded the scrum, time had already expired. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
4
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9
4
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 1 (ctd)
14
At a conversion kick, if the ball falls over before the kicker begins the approach to kick:
a
b
c
d
e
15
d
16
d
10
A 5m scrum or 22m drop-out, depending on which team put the ball into the in-goal area
A penalty kick to the attacking team, 5m from the goal-line and 15m in from the touch-line
A penalty kick to the attacking team, 5m from the goal-line in line with where the ball was
knocked over the dead ball line
A free kick to the attacking team, 5m from the goal-line in line with where the ball was
knocked over the dead ball line
A player in centre field and 30m from his opponents' goal-line, kicks the ball and is late-tackled
(at Point A). The ball lands 10m from his opponents' goal-line and 5m in from the touch-line (at
Point B). The place for the penalty should be:
a
b
c
d
e
10
Award a try to the attacking team
Award a penalty try for obstruction by the defending team
Award a penalty kick to the defending team 5m from the goal-line opposite where the ball
was grounded
Award a penalty kick to the defending team where the shoulder contact occurred
The ball is in the in-goal area, 2m from the touch-in-goal line. A defending player reaches the
ball first, and intentionally knocks the ball over the touch-in-goal line. What is the correct
decision?
a
b
c
17
The kick is disallowed
The kicker may replace the ball, and the time limit for taking the kick recommences
The kicker may replace the ball, but must complete the kick within the original 1 minute
time limit
The kicker may attempt a drop-kick at goal
Both c) and d) are correct
An attacking player just outside the defending team's 22m-line kicks the ball into the defending
team's in-goal area. The kicker and a defender chase the ball, bumping shoulder to shoulder.
The kicker reaches the ball first and grounds it. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
9
10
Where the ball was kicked (Point A)
Where the ball landed (Point B)
In line with where the ball landed, 15m in from touch (Point C)
At the option of the non-offending team, either Point A or Point B
At the option of the non-offending team, either Point A or Point C
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5
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 1 (ctd)
18
A player intentionally stands or moves in front of a team-mate who is carrying the ball, and
obstructs an opponent who is attempting to tackle the ball-carrier. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
19
20
Penalty kick at the place of infringement
Free kick at the place of infringement
Scrum awarded at the place of infringement
Play on
A player has already been cautioned (temporarily suspended) for repeated infringements of a
Law. He returns to the field and infringes another Law for which he must be cautioned. What is
the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
10
10
The player should be penalised
The player should be penalised and admonished
The player should be penalised and cautioned (temporarily suspended)
The player should be penalised and sent-off
In a match played under U19 Law Variations, a full-back is temporarily suspended. Which of the
10
following does not apply to this situation:
ARU U19
a
b
c
d
The period of suspension is 10 minutes
The player remains with his coach on the sideline
The player is to be immediately replaced
Once the player returns to the field, if he commits another offence worthy of a temporary
suspension, he must be sent off
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6
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 2
Laws 11-15
21 An attacking player kicks the ball downfield (at point A). A defending player (at point B) is waiting to
play the ball. An off-side attacking player is roughly level with him, 20m in from touch (at point C). The
defending player catches the ball and throws a pass to a team-mate who is immediately tackled by
the off-side attacking player (also at point C). What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
Play on, as the attacking player remained outside the imaginary 10-metre line
Award the defending team the option of a penalty kick at point B or a scrum at point A
Award the defending team the option of a penalty kick at point C or a scrum at point A
Award the defending team the option of a penalty kick at point D or a scrum at point A
22 The attacking team kicks the ball deep into the defending team's half, the defending full-back
attempts to catch it. The full-back knocks the ball on, and another defending player 5m in front of the
full-back next plays the ball in an off-side position. There is no attacking player within 20m of the ball.
What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
b
c
d
11
Play on, as no opponent was prevented from gaining an advantage
Award a scrum to the attacking team where the knock-on occurred
Award a scrum to the attacking team where the second defending player played the ball
Award a penalty kick to the attacking team where the second defending player played the
ball
23 A defending player kicks the ball downfield, and a defending team-mate in front of the kicker runs
forward towards where the ball looks like it will land. He fails to respond to the referee's management
to stop moving, and the referee believes he has had an impact on play. What is the correct decision?
a
11
11
Play on, as the defending player is not off-side because he did not move within 10 metres
of the place where the ball landed
Award the attacking team the option of a penalty kick where the defending player moved
forward after the kick, or a scrum where the ball was kicked
Award a penalty kick to the attacking team where the ball landed
Award a penalty kick to the attacking team 10 metres in front of the place where the ball
landed
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7
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 2 (ctd)
24
A player is off-side after a kick by a team-mate, and in front of the imaginary 10-metre line and is
retiring towards that line without obstructing opponents. He can be put on-side by:
a
b
c
d
25
26
d
e
b
c
d
28
d
29
13
Award a 5-metre scrum, attacking team to throw-in
Award a 22-metre drop-out to the defending team
Award the defending team the option of a scrum on the half-way line with their throw-in,
or a 22-metre drop-out
Award the defending team the option of a scrum on the half-way line with their throw-in,
or to have the opposing team kick-off again
The defending team kicks the ball directly into touch from a 22-metre drop-out. The receiving
team elects to accept the kick. Where is the line-out formed?
a
b
c
d
12
Award a 5-metre scrum in line with where the knock-on occurred, defending team to throwin
Award a 5-metre scrum in line with where the ball was touched down, attacking team to
throw-in
Award a scrum where the ball was lost forward, subject to all players' feet being in the field
of play, with the defending team to throw-in
Award a 22-metre drop-out to the defending team
From a kick-off, the ball travels into in-goal without touching another player. A defending player
picks up the ball and passes it to a team-mate in in-goal who is then tackled and touches the ball
down. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
11
The off-side player runs behind the team-mate who last kicked, touched or carried the ball
A team-mate carrying the ball runs in front of the off-side player
Another team-mate runs from behind the kicker and whilst running, goes into touch and
returns to the playing area before running past the off-side player
All of the above
Only a) and b) are correct
An attacking player, 3 metres from his opponents' goal-line, loses the ball forward. A defending
player retrieves the ball 1 metre out, and carries the ball back into the in-goal and grounds the ball.
What is the correct decision?
a
11
An opponent carrying the ball runs 5 metres
An opponent intentionally touches the ball but does not catch or gather it
An opponent kicks or passes the ball
All of the above
Which of the following actions puts a player on-side who is off-side in general play?
a
b
c
27
An opponent carrying the ball running 5 metres
An opponent kicking or passing the ball
Either of the above
None of the above
Which of the following actions by an opposing team puts a player on-side who is off-side in general
play, but not off-side under the 10-metre Law?
a
b
c
d
11
13
On the 22-metre line
Where the ball crossed the touch-line
In line with where the kicker drop-kicked the ball
The receiving team cannot accept the kick. A scrum must be formed on the 22-metre line.
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8
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 2 (ctd)
30
At a 22-metre drop-out, the ball is kicked so that it travels into the other team's in-goal area
without being touched by a player. A player from the receiving team immediately grounds the ball.
What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
e
31
e
f
32
15
Play on
Free kick to the ball carrier's team
Penalty kick to the ball carrier's team
Penalty kick to the tackler's team
A tackle occurs in which the tacklers go to ground, and a team-mate of the tackled player
immediately and legally gains possession of the ball. He runs 2 metres from the original tackle
area when he is tackled from behind by one of the original tacklers who has regained his feet.
What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
14
The defending player can hold the ball to prevent the attacking player getting at it
The defending player can get to his feet without releasing the ball
The attacking player can fall on top of the defending player
The attacking player can remain on his feet and attempt to pull the ball from the
defending player's arms
Only b) and d) are correct
None of the above are correct
An attacking player kicks the ball (at point A). A defending player gets the ball and is tackled (at
point B) by an on-side attacking player. The tackler legally gains possession of the ball after the
tackle, (no ruck is formed) and passes it to a team-mate who is tackled from behind (at point C) by
a defending player still making his way back after the original kick. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
33
Award a 22-m drop-out to the receiving team
Award a scrum to the receiving team on the kicking team's 22-metre line
Award another 22-metre drop-out to the kicking team
Award the receiving team the option of either b) or c)
Award the receiving team the option of either a), b) or c)
The ball is rolling along the ground near the 22-metre line. A defending player goes to ground to
secure possession. An attacking player approaches. Which of the following actions are correct?
a
b
c
d
13
15
Play on
Free kick to the ball carrier's team
Penalty kick to the ball carrier's team
Penalty kick to the tackler's team
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9
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 2 (ctd)
34
The ball carrier is tackled by two opponents, with all three players going to ground in the tackle.
The ball is released, and is on the ground at the tackle. What must the next arriving players do
before they can play at the ball?
a
b
c
d
35
d
e
36
d
e
38
15
Play on
Free kick to the defending team
Penalty kick to the defending team
Penalty kick to the tackler's team
A ball carrier is taken to ground in a tackle. What can this tackled player now do?
a
b
c
d
e
15
Release the tackled player
Get up or move away from the tackled player and the ball
Come back around through the "gate" (from behind the ball, and from directly behind the
tackler or tackled player closest to his own goal-line)
All of the above
Only a) and b) are correct
A defending player is tackled with the tackler going to ground in making the tackle. The tackled
player releases the ball immediately, gets to his feet and picks up the ball. The tackler, who is
still on the ground, attempts to tackle the player again. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
15
If he is on his own team's side of the tackle, he can play the ball immediately
If he is on the other team's side of the tackle, he can play the ball immediately
If he is on the other team's side of the tackle, he must come back around through the
"gate" to his team's side of the tackle before playing the ball
All of the above
Only a) and c) are correct
After a tackle has occurred, and before a ruck has formed, what must the tackler do before he
can attempt to play the ball?
a
b
c
37
Enter the tackle area from any direction
Enter the tackle area from any direction, and stay on their feet
Enter the tackle area through the "gate" (from behind the ball, and from directly behind
the tacklers or tackled player closest to their own goal-line)
Go to ground near the tackle in order to become "tacklers"
Following a tackle, an opposition player who made the tackle but did not go to ground in the act
of making the tackle, remains on his feet over the tackled player. In attempting to gain
possession of the ball, which of the following are correct actions by this opposition player?
a
b
c
15
15
Hold the ball into his body to secure possession for his team
Immediately pass the ball off the ground to a team-mate who is close by
Release the ball but leave an arm on the ball to prevent opponents gaining possession
Place or throw the ball into touch
None of the above
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10
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 2 (ctd)
39
A player from Team A is tackled. The tackler from Team B falls in a position that impedes players
from Team A from contesting at the tackle. The tackler fails to respond to the referee’s
management requesting him to roll away. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
40
Play on
Award a scrum to the team moving forward immediately prior to the tackle
Award a Free kick to Team A
Award a Penalty kick to Team A
In which of the following situations is the ball carrier deemed to have been tackled?
a
b
c
d
e
f
15
15
The ball carrier is held by an opponent and his knees come into contact with the ground
The ball carrier is brought to ground, but is not held when he touches the ground
The ball carrier is held by an opponent, and is on top of another player on the ground
The ball carrier is brought to ground, but is held by an opponent who remains on his feet
Only a) and c) are correct
Only a), c) and d) are correct
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11
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 3
Laws 16-17
41
The ball in a ruck becomes unplayable due to no fault of the tackling team. The referee blows
his whistle to stop play. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
42
43
16
A penalty kick to the attacking team for handling the ball in a ruck
A penalty try to the attacking team for handling the ball in a ruck
A 5-metre scrum to the attacking team
A 5-metre scrum to the defending team
22-metre drop-out to the defending team
Either c) or e) depending on who last played the ball before it crossed the goal-line
Which of the following statements in relation to when a ruck has ended is not correct?
a
b
c
d
44
Award a Free kick to the tackling team
Award a Free kick to the tackled players team
Award a scrum to the team moving forward immediately prior to the stoppage
Award a scrum to the attacking team
A ruck is taking place and is being moved towards the defending team's goal-line. As the ball
crosses the goal-line, a defending player in the ruck falls on the ball, and grounds it. What is the
correct decision?
a
b
c
d
e
f
16
16
When the ball leaves the ruck
When the hands of the half-back are on the ball
When the ball is over the goal-line
When the ball is on the goal-line
A player joins a ruck from behind the ball, but in front of the feet of the hindmost player of his
team. What is the correct decision?
a
b
Play on
Free kick to the offending team’s offside line, in line with where the offence occurred
c
Penalty kick on the offending team's off-side line, in line with where the offence occurred
d
e
Free kick to the non-offending team where the player joined the ruck
Penalty kick to the non-offending team where the player joined the ruck
16
45
Team A takes the ball into a ruck. A player from Team A who is returning to an on-side position
sees the ruck is ending with his half-back about to clear the ball. He remains in front of his
team's off-side line and obstructs opposition players from Team B. What is the correct
decision?
Play on
a
Award a penalty kick to Team B on Team B’s off-side line, in line with where the offence
b
occurred
Award a penalty kick to Team B on Team A’s off-side line, in line with where the offence
c
occurred
Award a penalty kick to Team B where the player was standing
d
16
46
Which of the following statements in relation to a ruck is not correct?
16
a
b
c
d
Players must not return the ball into a ruck
Players must not pick the ball up in a ruck
Players on the ground in a ruck must not interfere with the ball in a ruck
Players at the back of the ruck may "dummy" a pass while the ball is still in the ruck
SECTION 3 (ctd)
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12
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
47
Which of the following statements in relation to a ruck is not correct?
a
b
c
d
48
49
51
b
c
d
e
52
c
d
17
Stop play immediately, and award a Free Kick to the team that did not have possession
of the ball when the maul began
Allow 5 seconds for the maul to restart moving forward
If the referee can see the ball being moved, allow 5 seconds for the ball to emerge
If the referee can see the ball being moved, allow a reasonable amount of time for the
ball to emerge
If the referee can see the ball being moved, allow as much time as needed for the ball to
emerge
The ball is kicked downfield and is caught by a player who runs 5 metres where he is held and
a maul forms. An opposition player ‘rips’ the ball from this player, with the maul continuing and
moving 15 metres before it unintentionally collapses. The ball does not emerge. What is the
correct decision?
a
b
17
The team that kicked the ball, where the maul stopped moving forward
The team that caught the ball, where the maul stopped moving forward
The team that kicked the ball, where the ball was caught
The team that caught the ball, where the ball was caught
A maul is moving forward, and then it becomes stationary. Within 5 seconds, it moves forward
again, and then stops moving for a second time. Which of the following statements is correct?
a
16
One player from each team must be on their feet and over the ball
One player from each team must be on their feet and in physical contact over the ball
The ruck must be formed in the field of play
The ruck can be formed in the field of play or the in-goal area
Both a) and d) are correct
Both b) and c) are correct
The defending team kicks the ball in general play, and it is caught on the full by an opposing
player who is held and a maul forms immediately. The maul moves 2 metres and then goes to
ground and the ball cannot be released. To which team should the referee award a Free Kick?
a
b
c
d
16
Players must have their heads and shoulders above their hips
Players must bind onto a player of either team already in the ruck
Players must join the ruck from behind the last player of their team in the ruck
Players must remain on their feet
Which one of the following statements applies to the formation of a ruck?
a
b
c
d
e
f
50
Players must not collapse a ruck
Players must not jump on top of a ruck
Players must not ruck other players unless they are on the "wrong" side of the ruck
Players must not intentionally fall to ground in a ruck
Which of the following statements in relation to joining a ruck is not correct?
a
b
c
d
16
17
A scrum to the team that caught the ball, as the maul formed direct from a kick
A scrum to the team that kicked the ball, as they were moving forward immediately prior
to the stoppage of the maul
A Free Kick to the team that kicked the ball, as they were not in possession of the ball
when the maul began
A Free Kick to the team that caught the ball, as they were not in possession of the ball
when the maul ended
SECTION 3 (ctd)
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13
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
53
A maul forms from a line-out, and moves sideways across the field. What is the correct
decision?
a
b
c
d
e
54
55
57
58
17
A maul can only take place in the field of play
A maul is over when the ball is on or over the goal-line
A player does not have to be bound in the maul, but can be caught up in the maul
A player can drag an opponent out of a maul if he is on the "wrong" side
How many players must there be to form a maul?
a
b
c
d
17
A player may join a maul from the side in front of the last player of their team in the maul
A player may stand at the side of the maul without joining it
The ball-carrier may intentionally go to ground to make the ball available
Placing a hand on a player in a maul constitutes binding
Which of the following statements in relation to a maul is not correct?
a
b
c
d
17
Play on, and allow the players to get the ball out
Award a Free Kick to the team in possession when the maul began
Award a Free Kick to the team not in possession when the maul began
Award a Penalty Kick against the defending team for not staying on their feet
Which of the following statements in relation to a maul is correct?
a
b
c
d
17
Play on
Award a free-kick to the non-offending team
Award a penalty kick to the non-offending team
Award a scrum to the non-offending team
A maul forms from a line-out, and remains stationary on the line-of-touch. A player from the
team in possession drives into the maul, binds onto a team-mate, and they drive the opposition
players backwards, with all players in the maul going to ground. The ball does not emerge.
What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
56
Allow the maul to continue as it is moving
Immediately stop play and award a scrum to the team not in possession of the ball
Advise the players that the maul is not moving forward and that they must move the maul
forward within 5 seconds
Advise the players that the maul is not moving forward and that they must get the ball out
immediately
Advise the players that the maul is not moving forward and that they must either get the
ball out immediately, or move the maul forward within 5 seconds
A maul is taking place and the ball-carrier intentionally goes to ground with the ball. He places it
immediately where it is available on his side of the maul. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
17
17
The ball-carrier and one or more team-mates and one or more opponents
The ball-carrier and one or more opponents
The ball-carrier and two or more opponents
The ball-carrier and at least 2 other players of either team
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14
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 3 (ctd)
59
At a kick-off, a receiving player moves inside the area between the half-way line and the 10metre line and catches the ball on the full. This player is immediately caught in a maul, which
moves 15 metres towards the receiving team's goal-line before it is unintentionally collapsed,
and the ball does not emerge. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
60
A Free Kick to the team that kicked off, as they were not in possession of the ball when
the maul began
A Free Kick to the team that kicked off, as they were moving forward immediately prior to
the stoppage of the maul
Offer the receiving team the option of a kick-off or scrum as the ball did not travel the
required 10 metres
A Free Kick to the receiving team, as they caught the ball direct from a kick by an
opponent and a maul immediately ensued
An attacking player has the ball in a maul that is driven forward and crosses the defending
team's goal-line. Neither team is able to ground the ball. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
17 & 13
17
A 5-metre scrum to the attacking team
A 5-metre scrum to the defending team
A 22-m drop-out to the defending team
Offer the option of a 22-m drop-out or a 5-metre scrum to the attacking team
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15
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 4
Laws 18-19
61
Which of the following statements in relation to a Mark is not correct?
a
b
c
d
62
63
65
a
When a player who is carrying the ball crosses the touch line, the lineout is at that place
b
When the ball, in general play, is kicked from outside the 22-metre area and crosses the
touch line on the full the lineout is where the ball crosses the touch line
When the ball is kicked into touch on the full from a penalty kick, the lineout is where the
ball crossed the touch line
When the ball is kicked out on the full from a free kick taken outside the 22-metre area
the lineout is opposite where the ball was kicked
When the ball is kicked out on the full from a kick in general play taken from inside the
22-metre area, the lineout is opposite where the ball crossed the touch line
d
e
19
A line-out opposite the place where the kick was taken
A line-out opposite the place where the free kick was awarded
A line-out where the ball crossed the touch-line
A line-out on the 22-metre line
A scrum on the mark, as this action is against the spirit of the game
Except when closer than 5 metres to the goal line, which of the following statements is not
correct in relation to the place of the lineout when the ball is in touch:
c
19
Opposite the place where the kick was taken
Opposite where the ball was first played by the defending player
Opposite where the ball crossed the touch-line
Opposite where the ball landed
On the 22-metre line
A team is awarded a free kick just outside their own 22-metre area. They take the ball back in a
line through the mark into their 22-metre area, and then kick directly into touch near the halfway line. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
e
18
A Free Kick is awarded for a Mark
The team of the player who takes a Mark can elect to have a scrum instead
A Mark can be made in the in-goal area
A Mark can be made from a kick-off
A defending player attempts to catch the ball outside his 22-metre area, and fumbles it
backwards so that it travels into the 22-metre area. He then gathers the ball and passes it to a
team-mate who is 10 metres from the goal-line. His team-mate kicks the ball into touch on the
full. At what place should the line-out be awarded?
a
b
c
d
e
64
The player making the Mark must take the kick, otherwise a scrum is formed
The player making the Mark must have at least one foot on the ground
The player making the Mark can have one foot either side of the 22-metre line
The player making the Mark must catch the ball cleanly and call "Mark!"
Which of the following statements in relation to a Mark is not correct?
a
b
c
d
18
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19
16
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 4 (ctd)
66
The ball is kicked 50 metres downfield and rolls into touch. An opposition player picks up
another ball 10 metres away from the touch-line and throws it to a team-mate who attempts to
take a quick throw-in 8 metres from where the ball originally crossed the touch-line. What is the
correct decision?
a
b
c
d
e
67
A line-out to the kicking team where the first ball went out
A line-out to the kicking team where the quick throw-in was attempted
A line-out to the throwing team where the first ball went out
A line-out to the throwing team where the quick throw-in was attempted
A free kick for an incorrect throw-in to the team that kicked the ball
The ball is kicked into touch in general play. A player from the non-kicking team retrieves the
ball and takes a quick throw-in at a point closer to his goal-line than where the ball went into
touch. At the same time, the referee observes that there are 3 players from the team that kicked
the ball, and 2 players from the thrower's team who are lined up on the line-of-touch. What is
the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
e
19
19
Play on
Disallow the quick throw-in and award the set line-out to the throwing team at the line-oftouch
Disallow the quick throw-in and award the set line-out to the kicking team at the line-oftouch
Disallow the quick throw-in and award a scrum to the kicking team 15 metres infield
opposite the place where the quick throw-in was attempted
Award a free kick to the throwing team for incorrect numbers at the set line-out
68
The ball is kicked by the defending team from inside their 22-metre area, and the ball travels
along the inside of the touch-line, and finally crosses the touch-line on the full. After the ball has
crossed the touch-line, a player who is standing in the field of play reaches out and catches the
ball. What is the correct decision?
Play on, as the ball is not in touch
a
A line-out where the player caught the ball, kicking team to throw-in
b
A line-out where the player caught the ball, catching team to throw-in
c
A line-out where the player kicked the ball, kicking team to throw-in
d
A line-out where the player kicked the ball, catching team to throw-in
e
19
69
A player with one foot on the touch-line and one foot in the field of play catches the ball on the
full from a kick by an opponent who was outside their 22-metre area. What is the correct
decision?
19
a
b
c
d
e
70
Play on, as the ball is not in touch
A line-out where the player caught the ball, kicking team to throw-in
A line-out where the player caught the ball, catching team to throw-in
A line-out where the player kicked the ball, kicking team to throw-in
A line-out where the player kicked the ball, catching team to throw-in
Which of the following statements in relation to a quick throw-in is not correct?
a
b
c
d
e
19
The ball must be thrown in straight or towards the thrower’s own goal line, and must
travel 5 metres before it touches the ground or a player
The ball can only be thrown in by the player who retrieves the ball
The player throwing in the ball must be in touch when he throws the ball
If a quick throw-in is disallowed because a line-out has already formed, the opposing
team have the option of a scrum or a line-out where the line-out should have taken place
A quick throw-in can be taken from anywhere between where the ball went into touch and
the throwing team's goal-line
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17
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 4 (ctd)
71
Which one of the following infringements at a line-out should be penalised with a penalty kick?
a
b
c
d
72
c
d
73
d
e
f
75
A player in the line-out crosses the 15-metre line before the line-out has ended and the
ball is not thrown beyond that line
b
c
d
19
Penalty kick on the line-of-touch, 15 metres from the touch-line
Free kick on the line-of-touch, 15 metres from the touch-line
Free kick on the line-of-touch, 5 metres from the touch-line
Free kick 10 metres back from the line-out, 15 metres from the touch-line
Which of the following statements in relation to a throw-in at a line-out is not correct?
a
19
The ball becomes unplayable
The ball or a player carrying it goes beyond the 15-metre line
The ball or a player carrying it goes into the area between the 5-metre line and the touchline
The ball or a player carrying it leaves the line-out
The ball is caught and a maul forms on the line-of-touch
The ball is caught, a maul forms and the feet of all players in the maul move past the lineof-touch
Which one of the following options is the correct penalty for infringements relating to the
formation of a line-out?
a
b
c
d
19
A player obstructs an opponent who is jumping for the ball
A player places a hand on the shoulder of an opponent to use him as a support when
jumping for the ball
Players close the gap in the line-out before the ball is thrown
Which of the following actions does not end a line-out?
a
b
c
74
A player advances into the 5-metre area and prevents the ball from being thrown 5
metres
A player jumping for the ball raises only his outside arm and deflects the ball to his halfback
A player moves through the line-out in anticipation of his opponents winning the ball, and
tackles the half-back
A player supports a team-mate who is jumping for the ball, but does not assist him to
return to the ground after the ball has been won
Which one of the following infringements at a line-out should be penalised with a free kick?
a
b
19
19
The player throwing the ball in must not step into the field of play in the act of throwing
the ball
If the throw-in is taken incorrectly, the opposing team have a choice of a scrum on the
line-of-touch 15 metres infield, or throwing in to another line-out
The ball can be thrown underarm along the ground, so long as it travels 5 metres before
it touches a player
The player throwing the ball in must not baulk or pretend to throw the ball
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18
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 4 (ctd)
76 In matches played under Australian U19 Law Variations, which one of the following actions is
not permitted at a line-out?
a
b
c
d
Players jumping for the ball are supported at the front on their thighs
Players jumping for the ball are supported from the behind on their shorts
Players jumping for the ball are supported back to ground by their supporters
Players pre-grip the jumper on the shorts
77 A scrum is formed 5 metres outside the 22m area with the defending team to throw the ball
in. The ball is won by the defending team, and the scrum-half passes the ball back into the
22 metre area. A defending player with the ball is then tackled by the opposition. The
defending team wins the ball at the tackle, and then a defending player kicks the ball directly
into touch up field. Where is the ensuing lineout, and which team should throw in the ball?
Opposite where the ball is kicked, with the kicking team to throw in
a
Opposite where the ball is kicked, with the opposing team to throw in
b
c
d
a
b
c
d
19
Where the ball crosses the touch-line, with the kicking team to throw in
Where the ball crosses the touch-line, with the opposing team to throw in
At a line-out, a player catches the ball and a maul forms on the line-of-touch. Before the
maul has moved off the line-of-touch, another player of that team comes from 10m back
and 10m from touch (at Point C) to take up the position of the ball receiver (at Point D).
The referee should award:
78
Aus U19
19
A penalty kick along the line-of-touch on the 15m line (Point A)
A penalty kick 10m back from the line-of-touch and 15m in from the touch-line (Point
B)
A penalty kick 10m back from the line-of-touch and 10m in from the touch-line (Point
C)
A penalty kick where the player took up the receiver position (Point D)
79 At a line-out, a player from the team throwing in contests the ball and knocks it forward. The
ball is not regathered, and falls to the ground on the line-of-touch. What is the correct
decision?
Another line-out with the non-throwing team to throw-in the ball
a
A scrum on the line-of-touch where the ball was knocked on, with the non-throwing
b
team to throw-in the ball
A scrum on the 15-metre line, with the non-throwing team to throw-in the ball
c
Offer the non-throwing team the choice of another line-out, or a scrum on the 15d
metre line
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19
19
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 4 (ctd)
80 At a line-out (at Point A), the ball is thrown along the line-of-touch and beyond the 15-metre
line. A player of the thrower's team, who is on the line-of-touch 20 metres from the touchline and retiring towards his off-side line (at Point B), catches the ball. What is the correct
decision?
a
b
c
d
19
Play on
A penalty kick to the non-throwing team at the place where the player caught the
ball (Point B)
A penalty kick to the non-throwing team along the line-of-touch, 15 metres in from
the touch-line (Point C)
A penalty kick to the non-throwing team along the throwing team's 10-metre off-side
line, 20 metres in from the touch-line (Point D)
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20
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 5
Laws 20-22
81
For which of the following infringements at the formation of a scrum is a penalty kick awarded?
a
b
c
d
e
82
83
85
d
20
A front-row player stands up while a scrum is taking place
A front-row player twists their body and causes the scrum to collapse
A front-row player intentionally kicks the ball out of the tunnel
A front-row player intentionally drives an opposing player upwards
Which of the following statements in relation to a scrum is not correct?
a
b
c
20
A scrum must always be awarded at the place of infringement or stoppage
A scrum can be formed within 5 metres of the touch-line
A scrum can take place in the in-goal area for infringements in that part of the field
The middle line of the scrum must not be closer than 5 metres to the goal-line
For which of the following infringements at a scrum is a free kick awarded?
a
b
c
d
20
Must have 7 players, to match the numbers in the other team’s scrum
Must have 7 players on the other team’s throw-in, but either 7 or 8 on their throw-in
Must have 8 players in their scrum at all times
May, at their option, have either 7 or 8 players at any scrum
Which of the following statements in relation to forming a scrum is correct?
a
b
c
d
84
A team that engages before the referee calls "Engage!"
A team that delays the formation of the scrum
A team that charges their opponents
A team that pushes the scrum off the mark before the ball is thrown-in
A team that does not remain stationary and square before the ball is thrown-in
The loose-head prop from one team is sent off, and is replaced by another suitably trained front
row player. One of the flankers leaves the field to allow this replacement to occur, leaving only
7 forwards to form the scrums. At the scrums, the other team:
a
b
c
d
20
20
The No. 8 may bind between a lock and a flanker
The No. 8 must bind on a lock with the whole arm from hand to shoulder
Flankers may change the angle of the body to obstruct the opposing scrum-half after the
ball is fed
Flankers must bind onto a lock
86
Which of the following statements in relation to front-row binding is not correct?
The loose-head prop may place his outside hand on his thigh instead of binding on his
a
opposing prop
The loose-head prop must bind with his arm inside the arm of his opposing prop
b
Props must bind on the back or side of their opposing prop's jersey
c
Props must not exert downward pressure on their opposing prop with their arm
d
20
87
A scrum is driven forward 5 metres and then stops moving. The referee tells the team it has
stopped, however it does not start moving again, and the ball does not emerge immediately.
What is the correct decision?
20
a
b
c
d
Allow play to continue, provided the scrum has not wheeled beyond 90 degrees
Stop play and award a scrum to the team that originally threw-in the ball
Stop play and award a scrum to the team that did not originally throw-in the ball
Stop play and award a scrum to the team that did not have possession of the ball when
the scrum stopped
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21
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 5 (ctd)
88
After the ball has been played by a front-row player, it remains in the tunnel. A flanker attempts
to win the ball from this position with his foot. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
89
90
c
d
92
93
Aus U19
The No. 8 may pack between a lock and a flanker
The No. 8 may hold the ball at the back of the scrum
Both teams must always have the same number of players in the scrum
When a scrum is reset because it has wheeled 45 degrees, the ball is thrown-in by the
team that had possession of the ball when the scrum ended
If a player indicates that he will take a kick at goal from a penalty kick, the kick must be taken:
a
b
c
d
Aus U19
The scrum-half is off-side if he has both feet in front of the ball while it is in the scrum
The engagement sequence is "Crouch, Touch, Pause, Engage!"
The scrum must not be pushed further than 1.5 metres
Locks may bind between the legs of the front-row players
In matches played under Australian U19 Law Variations, which of the following statements in
relation to a scrum is correct?
a
b
c
d
20 ELV
Reset the scrum at the original mark, with the opposing team to throw-in the ball
Reset the scrum at the original mark, with the team not in possession at the time of the
stoppage to throw-in the ball
Reset the scrum at the place where the scrum stopped, with the opposing team to throwin the ball
Reset the scrum at the place where the scrum stopped, with the team not in possession
at the time of the stoppage to throw-in the ball
In matches played under Australian U19 Law Variations, which of the following statements in
relation to a scrum is not correct?
a
b
c
d
20
A player must not handle the ball whilst it is still in the scrum
A player may return the ball to the scrum
All players must only use their foot or lower part of the leg to win the ball
A player must not fall on the ball as it comes out of the scrum
A scrum is wheeled beyond 90 degrees, and the ball does not emerge. What is the correct
decision?
a
b
91
Allow play to continue
A penalty kick to the opposing team
A free-kick to the opposing team
A reset scrum with the same team to throw-in the ball
Which of the following statements in relation to a scrum is not correct?
a
b
c
d
20
21
Within one minute from when the player informs the referee of his intention
Within one minute from when he places the ball
Within one minute from when the sand or kicking tee arrives
Within one minute from when he places the ball, even if the ball is later blown over and
has to be placed again
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22
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 5 (ctd)
94 Except when resulting from a line-out, or when the ball is intentionally thrown into touch, or for
the optional kick when a player is late-charged after a kick, the place for any penalty or free kick
resulting from an infringement which occurs within 5 metres of the touch-line is:
a
b
c
5 metres from touch
15 metres from touch
At the place of infringement
95 The attacking team is awarded a free kick. They take the kick quickly, the ball carrier is held
while on his feet and a maul ensues. Without the opposing players having touched the ball, the
attacking team win the ball from the maul. The ball is passed to a back who drop kicks the ball
over the crossbar and between the posts. The ball also crosses the dead-ball line. What is the
correct decision?
a
b
c
d
21
Award another free kick to the defending team
Award a scrum to the attacking team 5 metres from the goal-line in line with the mark
Award a scrum to the defending team 5 metres from the goal-line in line with the mark
Award a 22-metre drop-out to the defending team
97 The attacking team is awarded a Penalty kick 15 metres out from the defending team's goal
line and 5 metres in from touch (Point A). They take the kick quickly and the ball is passed 15
metres across the field to another attacking player. A defending player who had not retired 10
metres from the mark at the previous penalty, and who has not been put on-side by a
teammate, tackles the ball-carrier (Point B). What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
21
Award a drop-goal
A 22-metre drop-out to the defending team
A 5-metre scrum to the defending team
A scrum to the defending team at the place where the ball was kicked
96 A free kick is awarded to the defending team one metre from their goal-line. The kicker takes
the ball back into his in-goal and offers to kick. The attacking team charges fairly and succeeds
in charging down the kick in the in-goal. The ball crosses the dead-ball line having last been
touched by an attacking player. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
21
21
Award a Penalty kick on the original mark (Point A)
Award a Penalty kick where the tackle was made (Point B)
Award a Penalty kick 10 metres in front of where the tackle was made (Point C)
Award a Penalty kick 10 metres in front of the original mark (Point D)
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23
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
SECTION 5 (ctd)
98
At a penalty kick, the attacking team kicks directly for touch. However, the kick bounces in the
field-of-play, hits the corner post and lands in the in-goal area. It then rolls across the touch-ingoal line without having been played by another player. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
99
A 22-metre drop-out to the defending team
A line-out 5 metres out from the goal-line with the defending team to throw-in
A scrum to the defending team at the place where the ball was kicked
Offer the defending team the option of a scrum at the place where the ball was kicked, or
a 22-metre drop-out
The attacking team kick the ball downfield. The ball rolls and comes to a stop in the field-ofplay 1 metre from the goal-line. A defending player with one foot on the goal-line picks the ball
up and grounds the ball in the in-goal area. What is the correct decision?
a
b
c
d
c
d
22
A 22-metre drop-out to the defending team
A scrum 5 metres out from the goal-line with the attacking team to throw-in
A scrum to the defending team at the place where the ball was kicked
Offer the defending team the option of a scrum at the place where the ball was kicked, or
a 22-metre drop-out
100 In which of the following situations would a try not be awarded?
a
b
22
22
An attacking player grounds the ball on the goal-line
The first action of an attacking player who is tackled close to the goal-line is to reach out
and place the ball over the goal-line
An attacking player places the ball against the goal-post 1 metre above the ground
An attacking player lying on the ground in touch-in-goal reaches out and places his hand
on the ball which is on the ground in the in-goal area
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24
AUSTRALIAN RUGBY UNION
LEVEL 2 LAW THEORY EXAMINATION 2009
ANSWER SHEET
NAME:
Course Date:
Course Venue:
OR tick if completing for re-accreditation:
Section 1
Section 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
e
e
e
e
Section 2
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
e
f
e
e
f
e
e
Section 5
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
e
d
d
d
d
d
d
Section 4
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
e
e
e
f
e
e
e
e
f
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
www.rugby.com.au
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
f
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