Biases in the RC4 keystream
(128 bit uniform keys)
Nadhem AlFardan and Dan Bernstein and Kenny Paterson and
Bertram Poettering and Jacob Schuldt
Royal Holloway, University of London
University of Illinois at Chicago
http://www.isg.rhul.ac.uk/tls/
Keystream distribution at position 1
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
1 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 2
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
2 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 3
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
3 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 4
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
4 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 5
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
5 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 6
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
6 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 7
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
7 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 8
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
8 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 9
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
9 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 10
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
10 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 11
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
11 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 12
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
12 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 13
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
13 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 14
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
14 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 15
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
15 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 16
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
16 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 17
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
17 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 18
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
18 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 19
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
19 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 20
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
20 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 21
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
21 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 22
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
22 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 23
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
23 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 24
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
24 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 25
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
25 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 26
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
26 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 27
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
27 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 28
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
28 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 29
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
29 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 30
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
30 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 31
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
31 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 32
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
32 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 33
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
33 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 34
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
34 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 35
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
35 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 36
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
36 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 37
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
37 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 38
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
38 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 39
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
39 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 40
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
40 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 41
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
41 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 42
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
42 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 43
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
43 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 44
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
44 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 45
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
45 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 46
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
46 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 47
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
47 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 48
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
48 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 49
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
49 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 50
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
50 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 51
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
51 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 52
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
52 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 53
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
53 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 54
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
54 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 55
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
55 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 56
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
56 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 57
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
57 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 58
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
58 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 59
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
59 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 60
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
60 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 61
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
61 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 62
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
62 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 63
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
63 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 64
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
64 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 65
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
65 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 66
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
66 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 67
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
67 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 68
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
68 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 69
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
69 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 70
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
70 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 71
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
71 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 72
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
72 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 73
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
73 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 74
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
74 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 75
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
75 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 76
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
76 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 77
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
77 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 78
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
78 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 79
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
79 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 80
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
80 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 81
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
81 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 82
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
82 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 83
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
83 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 84
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
84 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 85
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
85 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 86
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
86 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 87
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
87 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 88
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
88 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 89
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
89 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 90
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
90 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 91
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
91 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 92
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
92 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 93
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
93 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 94
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
94 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 95
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
95 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 96
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
96 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 97
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
97 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 98
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
98 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 99
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
99 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 100
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
100 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 101
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
101 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 102
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
102 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 103
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
103 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 104
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
104 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 105
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
105 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 106
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
106 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 107
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
107 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 108
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
108 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 109
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
109 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 110
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
110 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 111
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
111 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 112
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
112 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 113
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
113 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 114
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
114 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 115
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
115 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 116
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
116 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 117
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
117 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 118
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
118 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 119
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
119 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 120
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
120 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 121
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
121 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 122
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
122 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 123
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
123 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 124
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
124 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 125
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
125 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 126
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
126 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 127
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
127 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 128
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
128 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 129
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
129 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 130
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
130 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 131
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
131 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 132
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
132 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 133
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
133 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 134
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
134 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 135
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
135 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 136
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
136 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 137
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
137 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 138
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
138 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 139
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
139 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 140
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
140 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 141
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
141 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 142
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
142 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 143
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
143 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 144
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
144 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 145
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
145 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 146
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
146 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 147
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
147 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 148
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
148 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 149
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
149 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 150
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
150 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 151
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
151 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 152
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
152 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 153
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
153 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 154
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
154 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 155
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
155 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 156
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
156 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 157
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
157 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 158
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
158 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 159
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
159 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 160
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
160 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 161
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
161 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 162
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
162 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 163
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
163 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 164
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
164 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 165
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
165 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 166
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
166 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 167
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
167 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 168
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
168 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 169
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
169 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 170
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
170 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 171
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
171 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 172
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
172 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 173
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
173 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 174
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
174 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 175
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
175 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 176
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
176 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 177
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
177 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 178
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
178 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 179
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
179 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 180
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
180 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 181
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
181 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 182
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
182 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 183
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
183 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 184
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
184 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 185
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
185 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 186
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
186 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 187
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
187 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 188
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
188 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 189
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
189 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 190
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
190 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 191
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
191 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 192
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
192 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 193
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
193 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 194
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
194 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 195
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
195 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 196
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
196 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 197
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
197 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 198
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
198 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 199
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
199 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 200
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
200 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 201
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
201 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 202
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
202 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 203
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
203 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 204
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
204 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 205
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
205 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 206
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
206 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 207
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
207 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 208
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
208 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 209
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
209 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 210
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
210 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 211
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
211 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 212
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
212 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 213
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
213 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 214
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
214 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 215
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
215 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 216
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
216 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 217
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
217 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 218
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
218 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 219
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
219 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 220
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
220 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 221
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
221 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 222
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
222 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 223
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
223 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 224
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
224 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 225
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
225 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 226
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
226 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 227
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
227 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 228
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
228 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 229
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
229 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 230
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
230 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 231
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
231 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 232
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
232 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 233
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
233 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 234
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
234 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 235
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
235 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 236
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
236 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 237
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
237 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 238
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
238 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 239
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
239 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 240
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
240 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 241
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
241 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 242
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
242 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 243
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
243 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 244
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
244 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 245
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
245 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 246
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
246 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 247
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
247 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 248
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
248 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 249
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
249 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 250
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
250 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 251
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
251 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 252
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
252 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 253
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
253 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 254
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
254 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 255
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
255 / 256
Keystream distribution at position 256
Probability
0.00395
0.00390625
0.003878
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
255
Byte value [0...255]
AlFardan et al. (RHUL & UIC)
Biases in RC4
256 / 256