7 MUST-KNOW DISASTER RECOVERY
STRATEGIES
JAMIE GRUENER
S E N I O R A N A LY ST, E N T E R P R I S E I N F R A ST R U C T U R E
THE YANKEE GROUP
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WHAT YOU WILL LEARN IN THIS SESSION . .
1. The Main Goal: Bullet-proofing Disaster Recovery
Strategies
2. Remote Replication vs. Mirroring Strategies
3. Disaster Recovery and Virtualization: A New Angle
4. Integrating Mirroring and Replication into Disaster
Recovery Strategies
5. Metro SANs: Options for Remote Mirroring And
Replication
6. Your Network Options: Questions to Guide You
7. The Outsourcing Alternatives: Things to Consider
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THE GOAL: BULLET-PROOFING DISASTER
RECOVERY STRATEGIES
You’ve heard the statistics
 ~ $5 billion in computing infrastructure lost in 9-11 tragedy
 Close to 100 businesses declaring disasters in NYC
You’re here for a reason
 9-11 was a call to action for all of us
 Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Strategies must be
done – this is only one leg of a multi-leg strategy
You’re entering a new era
 It is now about Business Continuance and Risk Management
 Preserving data is an imperative
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DEFINING TERMS: REMOTE MIRRORING AND
DATA REPLICATION
Checklist
Remote Mirroring generates a mirrored image of
data on two or more disks
Data Replication scans data periodically for changes
and copies new data to the other disk or file
system on another system
Factors to consider
 Value of data (and lost data) being backed up
 Costs for network bandwidth and software
 Your existing infrastructure
 Product features (OS, File System, Disk or Application)
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MEASURING DATA PROTECTION:
POINT-IN-TIME TO SYNCHRONOUS
More
There will be a need for
multiple tools to protect data
Data
Protection
Tip
Synchronous
Semi-Synchronous
Lost Transactions Line of Tolerance
Asynchronous
Point In Time
Less
Network Bandwidth Consumed
More
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QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER WHEN LOOKING AT
REMOTE MIRRORING AND REPLICATION
 What are you protecting? (applications, transactions, files, disks)
 What level of protection do you need?
(We’ll come back to this!)
 What are your network requirements?
 What is your expected budget for this project?
 Is the ROI greater than acquisition costs?
 What will best fit your larger business continuity strategy?
Best Practice
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THE LUXURY SEDAN:
DISK-TO-DISK REMOTE COPY
Key advantages
 Operates at the disk level
 Can be (not always) less complex to set up and
administer than host-based approaches
 Can offer the benefit of capturing all application
changes. . .
Key Disadvantages: Costly
 Lacks transaction knowledge or what the data
represents
 Can be wasteful of network bandwidth if not properly set
up
 If operating in synchronous mode, can degrade
application performance
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THE RISING ALTERNATIVE:
BLOCK-AND-FILE REPLICATION
Fundamentals
 Makes comparisons and only copies changes (at disk or file level)
Key Advantages
 Can be less expensive
 Can be flexible to replicate all enterprise data regardless of disk
system
 Copies only the most important files/data
 Many-to-one replication architectures available
 Limits amount of data transferred, reducing network load and
cost
Key Disadvantages
 Isn’t 100% availability of data
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Warning
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BLOCK AND FILE REPLICATION DETAILS YOU
NEED TO CONSIDER
File WAN Replication
Block WAN Replication
Less expensive, host-based (or array-based) file
and block replication
Specific to storage vendor, OS or file system
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DATABASE REPLICATION
Typically done by replicating or mirroring log files
A number of variations:
 Continuous Mirroring: updates DBMS as changes(adds,
updates, deletes) occur
 Change Data Capture: captures DBMS changes and
stores them until a predetermined replication time
 Full Copy Refresh: replicates entire DBMS copy to target
systems (done to resynchronize DBMS after outage)
Trigger-based native DBMS is not usually appropriate
for DR because of high system and network
overhead
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SNAPSHOTS: THE HOTSHOTS OF BACKUP
Establishes a separate identifiable storage entity
and run operations against it
 Primary purpose: backup, testing, conversion and batch
process
Is dependent on OS, host and array support…
Advantage: it takes up less network bandwidth than
mirroring
Disadvantage: resynchronization of data is an art
 If you do not resynchronize, you must build snapshot
mirror totally from scratch
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NEW KID ON THE BLOCK: VIRTUALIZATION
AND DISASTER RECOVERY
Virtualization software offers a new alternative




Data replication (over both IP and Fibre Channel)
Snapshot
High Availability Fail-over
A cost-effective approach to disaster recovery
Key Challenges




Recreating the virtualization system can be difficult
Specifying file level information for replication can be difficult
Still a relatively new technology, so test well
Research virtualization players thoroughly
 Ask hard questions about number of customers doing this
 How are issues of network performance and security handled?
Warning
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PRIORITIZING DATA: INTEGRATING MIRRORING OR
REPLICATION TO YOUR STRATEGY
Tool
Hot Site
More
Remote Disk Mirroring
Data Replication
Importance
Of Data
Snapshot
Campus Disk Mirroring
Electronic Vaulting
Tape Onsite
Less
Tape-Backup Offsite
More
Less
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OK, NOW WHAT? IT’S THE NETWORK, STUPID
Long-distance Remote Mirroring/Replication requires
significant network integration
 Mission: Connecting two or more islands of storage
 Could be SANs, hot sites, remote disk or tape
Myriad of network transport choices boil down to two
fundamentals (from the POP out)
 Fibre
 IP
Where to Start: Evaluate Network Requirements
 Ask storage vendors for requirements
 Map that to service provider bandwidth services
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SPECIFIC NETWORK CHALLENGES FOR
REMOTE MIRRORING AND REPLICATION
Tip
Enterprise network performance is many times slower than storage
performance
Things You Could Consider
 What tools do the remote mirroring/replication vendor provide for
performance on a Metro SAN?
 Network throttling – adjusting data amounts sent over wire
 Compression – compressing data to take up less network bandwidth
 Time-stamping – marking data at time saved or accessed
 Latency isn’t your friend
 Measurable time it takes for an I/O transaction to reach destination
 Distance is a factor – especially when extending data native limit
 Storage traffic requires high bandwidth, low latency connections not typical of IP
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METRO SAN PUZZLE PIECES
Headquarters
Key Features
Remote Site
Remote
Tape Library
Remote
Disk Storage
Primary
Disk Storage
ATM, T3/E3, OC3+
or Fibre Optic (DWDM)
Service Provider Connectivity Services
Mirroring/Replication Software
Edge of Network Equipment (Director, Router or DWDM)
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METRO SAN NETWORK TRANSPORT OPTIONS
Key Features
Network
Protocol
Performance
Length of Distance
ESCON
Full performance (200-M
bits/sec. unidirectional)
8 km for full performance,
50% performance @ 20 km
FICON
Bi-directional channel
protocol, runs over at
1.063 G bit/sec.
100 km distance limitation
Dark Fibre
Dedicated Fibre (depends
on transport)
10 km without long-wave
transceivers
iSCSI, iFCP, FCIP
Still in proof-of-concept
Depends on applications,
stage, but promise of 1 TB service, connection points –
per hour over IP
FCIP - primary for Metro
SANs
DWDM - Gigabit
(Optical) Ethernet
Requires high-speed IP
network to connect
Depends on applications, 17
service, connection points and
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IP NETWORK OPTIONS
Private Router Backbones
 Leased, dedicated lines
 Optimized for performance (racing the sun)
xSP VPNs
 Customer purchases edge routers and ISP provides
shared backbone
 Leverages Multiprotocol Layer Switching (MPLS) for
better Quality of Service
Internet . . .
 Not a disaster recovery tactic I would trust
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TIPS TO CONSIDER WHEN SPEAKING WITH YOUR
SERVICE PROVIDER
Checklist
Ask your xSP to provide you what their expertise is in
storage services
 Consider how you could leverage your existing connectivity
services to establish a cost-effective service contract for your
backup services
 Ask for a latency/network performance SLA
 Your primary xSP should have partners to assist with storage
services if they don’t
Consider leveraging storage vendor relationships to find
service providers that can do integration
Do or have done a network analysis to determine
requirements for your backup services
Determine if outsourcing is an option
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METRO SAN CHALLENGES: THINGS YOU NEED TO
ASK ABOUT IP
Latency and Bandwidth
Security
Complexity
Quality of Service (QoS)
Dropped Packets
Manageability
NOTE: IP storage switch vendors are trying to
solve these things – so gauge them based on
this
Checklist
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DOES OUTSOURCING MAKE SENSE?
Best Practice
Determine if outsourcing disaster recovery services for
Data Mirroring and Replication services
 Do I have the skills, personnel and infrastructure?
Outsourcing provides a number of advantages
 Enables enterprise to focus on core competence
 Speeds IT’s ability to maintain and return to business operations
 Leverages expertise and more plentiful specialized resources
 Offers mirrored solutions for immediate recovery
 Provides problem resolution expertise that speeds delivery of
services related to backup, security and performance monitoring
 Delivers professional services to assist in design of a customized
business continuity plan
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ASK FOR HELP FROM A PROFESSIONAL . . .
This is a complex proposition
Storage vendors will assist with best backup
technologies
Service Providers will offer options for services
Integrators with storage and networking
practices are best candidates for additional
implementation
 they are still rare in the world
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EVALUATE ROI FOR DISASTER RECOVERY
Come up with a ROI calculation for your data
protection strategy
Guidelines to remember
Best Practice
 Calculated over three-year term
 The higher the ROI, the more favorable the project
 TCO vs. ROI – ROI wins out
Key factors to be included in ROI analysis
 Costs: downtime, personnel, assets
 Reliability: data replication, mirroring, backups
 System performance: how is systems and software utilized
 Calculate savings: improved performance, revenue,
processes
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CONCLUSIONS
Don’t forget the fundamental goal: Disaster Recovery
Consider your options for mirroring/replication and
make a metric to measure them by
 ROI analysis is one way of measuring options
Be cautious of new technologies
 New IP storage networking technologies and software
offer new options – but you need to be savvy in
deployment
There’s not one solution – strategize on ways to
prioritize your data protection
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