Facility Response Plans CHRIS PERRY FRP/SPCC INSPECTOR REGION 6 Module Agenda 2 Provide an overview of the FRP section within 40 CFR 112 Discuss: FRP Applicability FRP Format FRP Plan in Detail FRP Inspection Process Commonly Seen Violations Q/A session FRP Rule 3 40 CFR part 112.20 and 112.21 FRP-specific Appendices C Substantial Harm Criteria Applicability criteria flowchart (Attachment C-I) Template for Certification Form (Attachment C-II) Procedures for calculation of planning distance, including oil transport on moving water, still water or tidal waters, plus overland transport D Worst Case Discharge Planning Volume Onshore storage or production facilities with single or multiple tanks E Required Response Resources for FRPs Consideration given for oil group (petroleum, animal fats and vegetable oils, etc.) and operating environment (rivers and canals, inland, Great Lakes, Ocean) F Model Facility Specific Response Plan (FRP Template) Review of FRP Applicability 4 FRPs are required for a subset of SPCC facilities that could, because of their location, cause substantial harm to the environment by discharging oil FRP facilities are identified in two ways: Self-identification process Determination of the Regional Administrator (RA) All SPCC facilities must fill out and maintain the FRP applicability determination form Attachment C-II Storage Capacity 5 The total storage capacity considered for the purpose of determining applicability of FRP rule requirements currently should be the same as that reported in the facility’s SPCC Plan SPCC storage capacity includes bulk storage containers (everything 55 gallons and over) plus oil-filled equipment (operational, manufacturing, electrical equipment) and process vessels. Substantial Harm Criteria: Facility Owner/Operator Determination 6 The owner/operator must determine whether the facility meets the substantial harm criteria outlined in §112.20(f)(1): Total storage capacity of or greater than 42,000 gallons and conducts over-water transfers of oil to/from vessels Total storage capacity of or greater than 1 million gallons and at least one of the following: Lacks adequate secondary containment for any aboveground storage area Oil discharge could shut down a public drinking-water intake Oil discharge could cause injury to fish and wildlife and sensitive environments, including cooling water intakes and irrigation intakes Experienced reportable oil discharge of 10,000 gallons or more in the last 5 years Attachment C-II must be maintained as a part of your SPCC Plan 7 Commonly missed item FRP Submission and Review Process 8 Owners and operators of substantial harm facilities must prepare and submit an FRP to the EPA RA [112.20(a)] If facility is determined to have the potential to cause “significant and substantial harm”… EPA RA reviews and approves the Plan (after requesting amendments to the Plan if necessary to meet the rule requirements) [112.20(c)(2) and (c)(3)] **Part of the approval process is a facility inspection. The facility will not receive an approval letter until the plan and facility are found to be in compliance. FRP Submission Deadlines Facility Existing Type facility (in operation on or before IF… August 30, 1994) Becomes subject to requirements as a result of planned change in design, construction or maintenance Becomes subject to requirements as a result of unplanned event or change in facility characteristics Becomes subject to requirements as a result of EPA RA determination Prior to the start of operations Before the portion of the facility undergoing changes commences operations Within 6 months of the unplanned event or change Within 6 months of receiving written notification from the EPA RA 112.20(a)(2)(ii) 112.20(a)(2)(iii) 112.20(a)(2)(iv) 112.20(b)(1) New facility (commences operation after August 30 1994) …THEN: Deadline for submitting FRP and Cover Sheet to RA Should have already submitted a Plan Rule 112.20(a)(1) Citation Plan Format (App F) 10 Section 1.1 Section 1.2.1 Section 1.3 -1.3.3 Section 1.3.4 Section 1.3.5 Section 1.3.6 Section 1.4 Section 1.4.2 Section 1.4.3 Section 1.4.4 Section 1.5 Section 1.6 Section 1.7 Section 1.7.2 Section 1.7.3 Section 1.8 Section 1.9 Section 1.10 Section 2.0 Emergency Response Action Plan (ERAP) Facility Information Information about Emergency Response Response Personnel Evacuation Plan Qualified Individual’s Duties Hazard Evaluation Vulnerability Analysis Analysis for an Oil Spill Facility Oil Spill History Discharge Scenarios Discharge Detection Systems Plan Implementation Disposal Plan Containment and Drainage Planning Self-Inspection, Drills/Exercises, and Response Training Diagrams Security Systems Response Plan Cover Sheet Emergency Response Action Plan (ERAP) 11 112.20(h)(1) The response plan shall include an emergency response action plan in the format specified in paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section that is maintained in the front of the response plan, or as a separate document accompanying the response plan. QI Information ii. Emergency Notification List iii. Spill Response Notification Form iv. Response Equipment List and Location v. Response Equipment Testing and Deployment vi. Facility Response Team List vii. Evacuation Plan viii. Immediate Actions ix. Facility Diagram i. **Keep it short and efficient for use during an actual incident Response Equipment 12 11.20(H)(3)(vi) The FRP shall contain a description of the facility’s response equipment, the location of the equipment and equipment testing. The list of equipment must have all of the detail listed that is requested in App F Section 1.3.2 The facility needs to ensure that they inspect all of the equipment to ensure that it is ready in case a spill occurs. These inspections needs to be recorded and follow App F Section 1.8.1.2 Response Personnel 13 • 11.20(H)(3)(v) The plan must include a description of the personnel capabilities, including the duties of persons at the facility during a response action and their response times and qualifications. The list should include all facility personnel that could be used during the response. (Response time should be from home to facility) List of all contracted OSROs (Response time should be with the adequate equipment not just a rep on scene) Must include a copy of the OSRO contract Evacuation Plans 14 • 11.20(H)(3)(vii) Plan must include a description for evacuation of the facility and a reference to community evacuation plans • Must include a discussion of all topics listed in App F Section 1.3.5 along with a Diagram under Section 1.9 • Common Discrepancies: The plan needs to list a detailed description of how to get to the nearest medical facility (not just boat landing or call 911) The plan should list the location of activation panels for alarms, not just that the facility has alarms Planning Distance 15 Distance from the point of discharge at the facility to the potential point of impact or injury under adverse weather conditions (Figure C-1) Used for screening purposes Nearby storm drains to navigable waters Facility nearest opportunity for discharge Fish and Wildlife and Sensitive Environments Public water intakes Planning Distance Formulas 16 Purpose: Determine distance discharged oil will travel or spread on water and injure fish, wildlife and sensitive environments or disrupt operations at a public drinking water intake 112.20(a)(3), Attachment C-III, Sec. 1.2 (Appendix C) outlines several calculations: Oil transport on moving navigable waters assumes that the oil will be transported at the surface of the water by the water current Oil transport on still water assumes that oil will spread in a semi-circle from the discharge point Oil transport on tidal-influence areas assumes that oil will spread over a 5 or 15 mile distance (non-persistent oils vs. persistent oils), or to the point of maximum tidal influence Oil transport over land velocities given for open concrete channels and for storm drains. Oil transport usually considered instantaneous Planning Distance Formulas (continued) 17 EPA’s formulas were designed to be simple to use however, owner/operator may use alternate formula to calculate planning distance; if so, he/she must: Attach documentation to the response plan cover sheet that demonstrates reliability and analytical soundness of the alternative formula Formula needs to be comparable to one contained in Appendix C Must notify the RA in writing that an alternative formula was used Oil Transport on Moving Navigable Waters 18 D v D=vxtxc Distance (miles) downstream that oil could travel before being contained Average surface velocity (ft/sec) of the water t c Based on measured velocities (e.g., USGS data), OR Calculated using the Chezy-Manning equation based on midchannel depth and roughness coefficient (v=1.5/n x r2/3 x s1/2) Time interval (hours) for response actions Constant conversion factor = 0.68 sec-mile/hr-ft Transport of Oil on Tidal-Influence Areas 19 Largely depends on the type of oil: Persistent oil 15 miles down current, during ebb tide 15 miles (or maximum tidal influence, if less) during flood tide Non-persistent oil 5 miles down current, during ebb tide 5 miles (or maximum tidal influence, if less) during flood tide 5 or 15 miles are the default numbers that can be used as a minimum planning distance ***These minimum distances cannot be utilized on inland facilities that are not tidally influenced. Transport of Oil on Tidal-Influence Areas (continued) 20 Non-persistent oil (Group 1) At least 50% by volume distill at temperature of 645 deg. F At least 95% by volume distill at temperature of 700 deg. F Non-petroleum oil, other than AFVO with specific gravity < 0.8 Examples Gasoline Light diesel Kerosene Persistent oil (Group 2, 3, 4, or 5) Non-petroleum oil, other than AFVO with specific gravity 0.8 Examples Crude oils Fuel oils Heavy diesel and lubricating oils 40 CFR 112 App E 21 So we have the planning distance…what’s next? Example 22 What resources could be affected? ESI Maps 23 Source: NOAA Office of Response and Restoration Example use of planning distance within the FRP: Vulnerability Analysis 24 Addresses the potential effects of an oil spill (to human health, property or the environment) Using planning distance, identify the following areas within the trajectory of a discharge and discuss the vulnerability of each along with their location: Water intakes School and medical facilities Residential areas & businesses Wetlands and other sensitive environments Fish and wildlife areas Lakes and streams Endangered flora and fauna Recreational areas (e.g., public parks) Transportation routes Utilities Other areas of economic importance Worst Case Discharge (WCD) Calculations (App D) 25 *Since there is no Offshore WCD calculation, use the corresponding Onshore calculation where adequate = Sized Secondary Containment (Part A) For Bulk Storage facilities with adequate secondary containment the WCD would be the capacity of the largest tank. (**If tanks are connected through a manifold that remains open then the capacity of all tanks would be appropriate) (Part B) For Production facilities with adequate containment, add the capacity of the largest tank plus throughput volume of the most productive well.* WCD Calculations (continued) 26 (B.2.1) For Production facilities without adequate secondary containment the final worst case volume equals the total aboveground oil storage capacity without adequate secondary containment plus the production volume of the well with the highest output at the facility. * (B.2.1) If the well is produced via pumping then the volume is equal to the pumping rate of the well multiplied by the greatest number of days the facility is unattended. ** (Attachment D-1) If the well is under pressure then the production volume would be the 30-day forecasted well rate for a well less than 10,000 feet deep or less, or the 45-day forecasted well rate for a well deeper than 10,000 feet. Training/ Discharge Scenarios 27 Discharge Scenarios (App F, Section 1.5) 28 The Owner or operator is required to provide a description of the facility’s WCD, as well as a small and medium discharge, as appropriate. A multi-level planning approach has been chosen because the response actions to a discharge are dependant to the magnitude of the discharge. * These scenarios should be site specific and include detailed information on all topics listed in section 1.5. The scenarios should be detailed enough to train and properly drill on. FRP Spill Response Planning Levels 29 Planning scenario Oil volume Small 2,100 gallons or less Medium Greater than 2,100 gallons but less than or equal to 36,000 gallons or 10 percent of largest tank at facility, whichever is less Worst Case Calculated based on type of facility, number of containers, whether secondary containment is adequate, and capacity of largest aboveground storage tank (AST) Often the capacity of the largest AST Scenario Descriptions 30 For each scenario under the planning levels, address factors that affect response efforts, including: Spill volume Material discharged Location of discharged material Direction of spill pathway Proximity to wells, waterways, drinking water intakes, fish and wildlife, and sensitive environments Example Discharge Scenario Process Vessels Tank 1 1,500 Bbl Crude Oil Tank 1 1,500 Bbl Produced Water Tank 2 1,500 Bbl Crude Oil Drain Valve Mississippi River Spill Direction Wellhead Facility Piping Tank Valve 31 Example Small Discharge Scenario 32 o Weather : Rainy, 86 degrees with winds out of the NW at 5 o o o o mph Leaking tank valve on Tank 2 discharges crude oil onto clay soil inside an earthen berm. The drain valve in the SE corner of the berm was left open allowing oil to leave secondary containment. The oil continues in a SE direction ½ mile until 2,100 gallons of crude enters the Mississippi River. The river is currently moving in a southerly direction at 3 knots. There is a local drinking water intake 5 miles down stream The facility has 1,000’ of 10” boom and can be deployed in under 1 hour. Oil recovery devices will be provided by the contracted OSRO which can be onsite in under 2 hours. Training/PREP 33 112.21 (3)(c) The facility owner or operator shall develop a program of facility response drill/exercises, including evaluation procedures. A program that follows the National Preparedness for Response Exercise Program (PREP) will be deemed satisfactory for purposes of this section. The PREP program requires: QI notification drills (Quarterly) Equipment Deployment Exercises – for facility personnel (Semi-Annually) * If multiple shifts of personnel ensure each team deploys at least once Equipment Deployment Exercises – Facility operator and OSRO (Annually) Table Top Exercise (Annually) *At least one (EPA) WCD in the triennial cycle Unannounced Exercise (Annually) *from the facility Equipment Deployment or Tabletop Area Exercise Response Capability: Small Discharge Appendix E, Section 3.3: The response resources shall, as appropriate, include: Equipment Capacity Timeline Citation Containment Boom* 1,000 feet or Twice the length of the largest vessel that regularly conducts oil transfers to or from the facility (whichever is greater) Means of deploying within 1 hour of the discovery of an oil discharge Appendix E, Section 3.3.1 Oil Recovery Devices Effective daily recovery capacity equal to or greater than the amount of oil discharged in a small discharge Available at the facility within 2 hours of the discovery of an oil discharge Appendix E, Section 3.3.2 Oil Storage Capacity Daily storage capacity equivalent to twice the effective daily recovery capacity, unless the owner/operator can show that a lower capacity is adequate Available at the facility Appendix E, Section 12.2 * Other means of containment may be “appropriate” for inland facility (see next slide) 34 Containment Boom Alternatives 35 “As appropriate” For example: Alternative strategy may be more appropriate for inland facilities, where spill pathway could be a dry drainage pathway or tributary Alternatives include: Underflow dams Temporary containment dams (soil, etc.) Inflatable diaphragms Berms, Underflow Dams 36 Government Initiated Unannounced Exercises (GIUEs) 37 Government Initiated Unannounced Exercises (GIUE) 38 Unannounced drills are utilized to spot check the oil community to ensure that the companies are able to properly respond to an oil spill should one occur. Per the PREP Guidelines: The EPA is allowed to conduct GIUEs at 10% of their facilities each year (roughly 150 a year in Region 6) A facility deemed by the USCG/EPA not to have successfully completed the exercise may be required to participate in another GIUE at the discretion of the exercising agency. The EPA may also require the plan holder to revise the existing plan. Unsuccessful unannounced exercises may also result in enforcement actions against the plan holder. The EPA will utilize the facilities Small Discharge Scenario to grade the facility in their response Exercises will involve deployment of response equipment identified in the facility response plan. Initiate the GIUE 39 Inform the QI that you are at the facility to conduct an unannounced exercise Provide GIUE drill letter Go over exercise guidelines with QI Start the exercise clock Discharge has just been discovered Oil has already reached water Overall exercise duration is up to 4 hours During the GIUE 40 Evaluate command post and response activities Intervene only for issues of health or safety Examples: personal flotation devices, imminent harm to personnel or third party Only QI should modify scenario exercised when site conditions are inconsistent with scenario described in the Plan Example: new construction which changes path of a waterway QI should identify a probable scenario and exercise that specific scenario During the GIUE (continued) 41 Command Post Incident control Are proper notifications conducted in a timely fashion? Notification to NRC, state, facility management, etc. as outlined in the FRP and ERAP Has the spill response team and/or OSRO been activated? When was response team/OSRO activated? When did they arrive? Can they deploy equipment? Are communications with response personnel and other facility personnel effective? Are the ERAP and/or FRP being used? QI Is the QI responsible for implementing the facility’s FRP? Does the QI understand responsibilities? Boom Deployment –Function Evaluation 42 Boom functions Protect (shorelines, creeks, wetlands, water intakes, etc.) Deflect (move oil to a collection point) Contain (hold oil within collection location) Booming strategies Containment booming (contain) Exclusionary booming (protect) Diversionary booming (deflect) Shore seal booming (protect) Other strategies Berms, underflow dams (contain) Oil Recovery Devices 43 GIUE performance evaluation criteria: Oil recovery devices available within 2 hours of discovery of the spill Must have effective daily recovery capability equal to amount of oil released in a small discharge (i.e., 2,100 gallons) Deployed and ready to start oil recovery Actual pumping of water is not required Oil Recovery Devices: Others 44 Vacuum Truck Provisions for Storage of Recovered Oil 45 GIUE performance evaluation criteria: Oil storage capacity for recovered oily material equivalent to twice the effective daily recovery capacity required on-scene, or 4,200 gallons per day Evaluating GIUE Performance 46 Per PREP the Initiating agency will use the following criteria to grade the exercise: Conducting proper notifications Arrival of containment boom as specified in the approved response plan within ONE HOUR* of detection of the discharge and the subsequent successful deployment. Arrival of oil recovery devices as specified in the approved response plan within TWO HOURS* of detection of the discharge and the subsequent successful operation/simulated recovery. Demonstrating the availability of adequate storage capacity for recovery of oil Properly conducting the exercise considering the size of a small discharge including skill and competency of responders and material readiness of response equipment. Time limits are required under 40 CFR 112 App E, 3.3.1 and 3.3.2 and USCG 33 CFR 154.1225(f)(1&3) EPA conducted 7 GIUEs in the bayou/coastal regions of Louisiana and Texas in 2014. 2 facilities failed their drills and the others were considered passing scores. Evaluating GIUE Performance (continued) 47 For joint GIUEs with USCG, typically EPA and USCG will discuss findings prior to debrief with personnel Debrief with QI/facility personnel and OSROs Consequences of successful/unsuccessful completion of an exercise: A facility that successfully completes a GIUE cannot be subject to another GIUE for 3 years, per PREP An unsuccessful GIUE may require the plan holder to participate in additional unannounced exercises, revise the existing response plan, or both In the event of an unsuccessful GIUE, the region may choose to perform further inspection of the facility In certain instances, EPA may revoke approval of FRP on the basis of GIUE performance until changes are made The FRP coordinator may recommend to upgrade the facility to a significant and substantial harm facility Follow-up Verify implementation of recommended improvements Containment and Drainage Planning 48 112.20(h)(7)(iv); Section 1.7.3 The plan shall describe how to contain and control a discharge through drainage, including: The available volume of containment Route of drainage from oil storage and transfer areas Construction materials used in drainage troughs Type and number of valves in drainage system (usually missing from plans) Sump Pump capacities Containment capacities of weirs and booms Any other clean up materials Diagrams 49 Facility diagrams should include the following: The entire facility to scale All above and below ground bulk oil storage tanks The contents and capacities of bulk oil tanks The contents and capacities of drum storage areas The contents and capacities of surface impoundments Process buildings Transfer areas Secondary containment systems (location and capacities) Hazmat storage areas Communication and Emergency Response Equipment Electrical equipment that contain oil Interface between EPA and other Agencies Diagrams (continued) 50 Site Drainage Diagram should include: Major sanitary and storm sewers, manholes and drains Weirs and shut off valves Surface water receiving streams Fire fighting water sources Other utilities Response personnel ingress and egress Response equipment transportation routes Direction of discharge flow from discharge points Site Evacuation Plan Diagram Site plan with evacuation routes Location of evacuation regrouping areas FRP Inspection Process Type of Inspections Unannounced Spill Responses Announced Contact via phone/email to schedule inspection (Region 6 SOPs state notifications will be 2 weeks prior to inspection accompanied with Official NOI and copy of inspections documents) Notice of Inspection requests the most recent version of the FRP to be submitted within 7 days for review Coordination of logistics with facility personnel (EPA provides their own transportation). FRP Inspection Process (continued) Day of Inspection: Review of all required records Detailed walkthrough of facility including response equipment Debrief (No inspection paperwork left at facility) After Inspection: Inspector will type up all findings from inspection on the FRP Checklists The checklist will be forwarded to the Oil Team Leader for review and signature Oil Team Leader will email final report to facility Facility will provide documentation for correcting all discrepancies to the EPA Inspector within 30 Days of the Inspection Once in compliance the Oil Team Leader will issue an EPA Approval Letter for the facility. Commonly Seen Violations 53 For complex facilities: Only USCG FRPs available while missing EPA required FRPs Wrong WCD used in planning Generic verbiage in plan that does not adequately describe how the specific facility meets all requirements Generic discharge scenarios utilized that are not adequate or site specific Inability to properly implement plans Improper booming strategies during drills Inability to respond to a spill in the required timelines QI does not know the QI duties and cannot describe proper response duties (cannot pass QI interview) No company evaluations procedures listed under the drill sections Lack of appropriate records No Facility Equipment Inspections No signed contracts with USCG Approved OSROs Region 6 Voluntary Electronic FRP Submission Update JO HORNER FRP DIGITAL DATA COORDINATOR (214)665-7366 CHRIS RUHL USEPA R6 OIL TEAM LEADER FEDERAL ON SCENE COORDINATOR (214) 665-7356 OFFICE Why the push to convert to digital? Streamlining management of Facility Response Plans (FRPs) HOW? • Asking facilities to convert FRP hard copies to an electronic .pdf format • This initiative will allow for easier FRP submissions • Reduces the cost of plan management and • Will make FRPs more accessible to responders in the event of an incident Send CD submissions w/ Cover Letter Email [email protected] Less than 25 MB EPA System cannot accept Zip Files Mail US EPA Attn: Oil Team (6SF-PO) 1445 Ross Ave Dallas, TX 75202 Cover Letter Example January 29, 2014 Dear Oil Team: As per the annual review, please find (1) revised electronic copy of the Texas Louisiana Production Facility (EPA FRP ID# FRP-06-TX-00474). Should you have any questions regarding the enclosed or with any other matter, please do not hesitate to contact us at (555-555-5555) or by e-mail at [email protected]. Respectfully, Philip Thomas, PE Texas Louisiana Oil Production Company [email protected] 817-555-5555 ext 2150 TEXAS LOUISANA OIL PRODUCTION COMPANY RE: Texas Louisiana Production Facility FRP-06-TX-00474 2500 Texas Louisiana Pkwy 817-555-5555 PO BOX 2500 Texarkana, Texas 75501 US EPA Oil Team (6SF-PO) 1445 Ross Ave, Suite 1200 Dallas, TX 75202 Current Status Year 2012 2014 696 Electronic FRPs 100 Lessons Learned? Signed / Dated Certifications Email addresses and telephone numbers FRP ID on all documents and CDs FRP Plan dates on all documents and CDs If Requesting FRP ID - Know Previous Facility Owners and provide Lat/Long Be Careful with colors on discs ! Text is Readable Revision Date Χ No FRP ID No Need for heavy plastic disc covers Thin Plastic cover Paper cover What’s in it for you? Email Receipt if Plan meets Database and Certification Requirements Email if Certifications are missing from Plan Email or phone call if something is wrong with CD COPY Of Email Receipt for Complete Digital FRP Please be advised that the .pdf file for Company Name ABC CO Facility Name North ABC Terminal FRP State FRP‐6‐AR‐00013 AR was received on 10/07/14 and saved to the Region 6 hard drive and National Database on 10/21/14. Thank you for your response to convert to digital formatting of your FRP. Your cooperation is greatly appreciated. If 20 MB or less, please send future FRP correspondence in digital format to our Oil team email address: [email protected]. No paper FRP is required in the future for new or existing Facilities. If more than 20 MB please continue to send your FRP on CD / thumb drive to our Region 6 Office: USEPA, Oil Team (6SF‐PO) 1445 Ross Avenue, Suite 1200 Dallas, TX 75202 Also please include the FRP number and a response email for your facility on future correspondence. This is only a receipt of the plan, it is not an approval of the plan. Once again, thank you for your help in this process. Questions? 64 Chris Perry – EPA- 214-665-6702 Tom McKay – EPA- 214-665-2180 Bryant Smalley – EPA- 214-665-7368
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