Quality of Service in IP Networks
Scott Nelson
1
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Triple Play NGN Architecture
Page 2
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Triple Play Service Delivery Architecture
Page 3
Subscriber
Broadband
Service
Aggregation
Broadband
Access Node
ADSL2+
VDSL2
GPON
Broadband
Service
Router
Public
Internet
BTV
..
.
IP Backbone
Home
Gateway
Distributed BNG (as shown)
IASP
Partners
Broadband Network Gateway (BNG)
as per DSL Forum WT-101





Subscriber management in BSA (7450)
BNG Routed termination
L2 forwarding with L3 QoS/security
 Subscriber management and routing in BSR
Full routing in the BSR (7750)
 Access nodes terminate into BSRs directly, or via
Network architecture for lowest capex
Ethernet Aggr/Packet-Ring (1850TSS) backhaul
Collapses residential, business L2, and business
 Layer 3 Business services supported everywhere
L3 service aggregation on common elements
 No extra hops or boxes and supports local VOD  BSR (7750) also supports L2-VPNs for business
 PIM multicast trees reduced
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Triple Play Service Delivery Architecture
Page 4
Subscriber
Broadband
Service
Aggregation
Broadband
Access Node
ADSL2+
VDSL2
GPON
Broadband
Service
Router
Public
Internet
BTV
..
.
IP Backbone
Home
Gateway
Address Scale and Reduce Cost
 Scalable subscriber management and QoS
Improve Resiliency
 Non-Stop Services, subscriber-state
resiliency, etc.
Fully address subscriber, network, and
application security
 Secured Ethernet, lawful interception, etc
Provide an operational model for mass
deployment
IASP
Partners
Improve Subscriber policy control
 H-QoS, L4-L7 policy control, etc
Optimize for Applications
 Multicast handling, service admission control, etc
Ability to consolidate business services on a
common infrastructure
 L2-VPNs, L3-VPNs, Broadband services, Virtual
Ethernet services, peering, etc
 Auto-configuration, simple OSS integration
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IP Based Triple Play
Page 5
Triple Play of VoIP, IP Video and Internet
 Network Bandwidth dominated by IP Video
 Access, Metro and Core
Based on modelling for NA Operator
150,000
60,000
Internet
Bandwidth
50,000
120,000
VoIP
40,000
Mbps
kbps
ICC Bandwidth
90,000
30,000
Mbps
PiP Bandwidth
Internet
20,000
VoD
Bandwidth
10,000
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
0
2005
0
Internet traffic - Internet Core
2007
30,000
0
Multicast
Bandwidth
2006
IP Video
2005
60,000
IP Traffic in the IP “Core” (behind BSR - 7750)
Assumes centralised VoD and D-server
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IP Video and Network Transformation
Page 6
Today’s
Bandwidth Needs
per user
1.5
.1
.1
.05
1.5M
.1M
.1M
.05M
Home
Access
Aggregation
10G
~300 users
Triple Play
Bandwidth Needs
per user
Service Router
100G
~8k users
{
VoIP BW
HSI BW
Total BW
Core
200G
~50k users
16M
.2M
9M
.2M
2M
.2M
1M
.2M
IP Video BW
3M*
.3M
.3M
.3M
HSI BW
20M
10M
3M
1.5M
Total BW
30x
Scale
Increase
~15x
100x
30x
VoIP BW
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IP Quality of Service
Page 7
What do we mean by IP Quality of Service?
 Quality - Meeting the customers expectation
 Manage services at the IP layer
 Individual IP flows
 Multiservice IP networks
Network Design plays a key role
 Network Dimensioning
GE
VoIP
Video
HSI
Per
Sub
VLAN
Per Sub
VLAN
 Coping with bursty nature of IP flows
 IP classifcation and differentiation of different service types
VoIP
Video
HSI
HSI - High Speed Internet
– Video, VoIP, High Speed Internet
 Service and Network Availability
 Network resiliency
 High Service Availability in the Network Equipment
This QoS Enabled IP Network is not the Internet
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End-to-End QoS Model
Page 8
GE
VoIP
Video
Per
Sub
VLAN
Per Sub
VLAN
HSI
VoIP
Video
HSI
7450 ESS
or
7750 SR
10GE
VoIP
VOD
Video Burst
Multi
Sub
VLAN
VoIP
Video
HSI
VoIP
Video
HSI
7750SR
IP
Preferred Data
Best Effort Data
VoIP
Video
HSI
Per-sub-per-service
(basic) QoS at
DSLAM
Class-based QoS at EthAggr/Packet-Ring with fair
BW partitioning/re-use
Prioritization:
802.1p
Queueing:
4 queues per sub &
ingress policing
CoS queuing to net.
Multicast injection
Marking:
802.1p marking
Prioritization:
802.1p
Queueing/Shaping:
MEF policing (EVC+CoS)
CoS scheduling & shaping
Fair ring-wide load balancing
Per-sub-per-service
(advanced) QoS at
Subscriber Mngmt Edge
Class-based QoS at Core
with fair BW partitioning
/reuse
Prioritization:
L2-L4, DSCP
Queueing/Shaping:
Hierarchical QoS
Per-sub, per-service queuing,
scheduling & shaping
Marking:
802.1p downstream
DSCP upstream
Prioritization:
L2-L4, DSCP
Queueing/Shaping:
Application/content queues
with shaping
Marking/re-marking:
DSCP downstream
DSCP upstream
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Leveraging the QoS Evolution for Improved
High Speed Internet Services
Page 9
1993- 1997
1998- 2002
• Business & consumer
connectivity to Internet
• IP becomes dominant
• Build-out of large ISPs
2004- 2008
Ma rket
Trend
• Office desktop networking
• TCP/ IP, AppleTalk, Novell
• Low-speed leased-line /
FR WAN connectivity
• Ethernet and IP-based
services for Enterprises
• IP TV, Triple Play for
consumers
Ma rket
Opportunity
Multi-protocol Routing
for Enterprise Networks
Internet Routing for ISPs
and Telcos
Product
Cisco
Cisco
7K7500
Series
Multi-protocol
Multi-protocol Routers
Router
Juniper
seriesM/ T
Cisco
GSR, M
Juniper
Internet Routers
Routers
Internet
Alcatel 7750 SR
Service Router
Key
Technologies
• Cisco masters SW/
protocol complexity
with IOS
• General purpose CPU
for control and forwarding
• ASIC-based IP forwarding
• OC-48  OC-192 line
rates (2.5  10Gb/ s)
• Stable, scalable & interoperable routing protocols
• 10 Gb/ s Network
Processor/ Traffic Manager
• Evolution of IP/ MPLS
protocols & services
Service Routing
for Carrier Networks
 Classification
utilizes the QoS
Infrastructure
 Increasing
classification
intelligence through
application
awareness
 Utilizing an
integrated network
level QoS Solution
Triple Play is Driving a QoS-based Infrastructure
We can leverage this Infrastructure for HSI Service Value
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Beyond Triple Play – Adding Value to Internet
Page 10
For the Service Provider
 Tiered HSI Revenue Opportunities to increase ARPU
Gen 1:
Sub
 Fairness: Align usage of HSI network resources with
Pipe
revenue on a per subscriber basis
 Gaming, Peer-to-peer, URL filtering, iVoIP, iVideo
 Enable an IASP “eco-system” to enable
competing IASPs to differentiate themselves
For the C/ASP
 Differentiate your offering by improving
your customers’ HSI experience
For the Subscriber
 Gain a better HSI experience
 Pay only for the value that you need
GE
Per
Sub
Per
Sub
Per
Sub
Gen 2:
MultiService
VoI P
Video
HSI
VoI P
Video
HSI
VoI P
Video
HSI
Gen 3:
MultiApp
Ga ming
P2P
iVoI P
iVideo
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Neutrality, Fairness and Service Improvement
Page 11
Net Neutrality (FCC August 2005 Principles)
 Access the internet content of choice
 Run applications and use services of choice
 Connect their choice of devices that do no harm
 Enjoy competition among service, application and
content providers
Fairness
 Ensure best-effort network resources are allocated
in a just and equitable fashion
Service Improvement
 Enables subscribers and content/application
providers to improve their experiences over the
public internet
Service Expansion Delivers a Better Internet Experience
Ensures Fairness and Maintains the Principles of Neutrality
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Triple Play Networks
Page 12
QoS Enabled IP Networks
 Basis for Triple Play Networks
 Underlying IP Infrastructure for IMS
 Architecture determined by IP Video needs
 Common architectures
 Different Implementations
Remaining challenges
 Wholesaling models
 Beyond ULL
 Bit stream access
 Net Neutrality
 Requires creative and close co-operation between service providers,
equipment vendors and regulators
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Page 13
www.alcatel.com
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High Availability for Residential & Business
Services
Page 14
Single-homed
DSLAM with LAG
Sub-50ms
Fast Reroute
Spoke SDP to 7750 means Fast
reroute to a routed interface
instead of slower VRRP failover
7750
7450
7450
Dual-homed
customer
Non-stop routing
Non-stop service
means node stays up
VPLS
7450
7750
Non-stop routing
Non-stop service
means node stays up
Policy VRRP provides
service-aware choice of
master gateway router.
IPoE and VRRP provide
hot standby reslience.
Hot-Standby IP edge router redundancy with IPoE/DHCP
Rapid restoration with VPLS and sub-50ms fast-reroute, no spanning tree
 DHCP state persistence in 7450 and 7750 for all lease-related state
Link redundancy options with 802.3ad link aggregation and active/standby options
High-availability with non-stop routing/non-stop service
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Routed BNG Connectivity Models
- Per-Sub VLAN & Multi-Sub VLAN
Page 15
FTTx
FTTx
BTV
BTV
Per-sub
Multi-sub
73xx
73xx
FTTx
FTTx
Multi-sub
Per-sub
73xx
BTV
IP: 1.2.3/24
7750
Per-subscriber Q-tagged circuits
are sub-interfaces grouped into one
common subnet
Subnet spans many subscribers and
multiple OLTs
Retains same OLT connectivity model
Enables persistent context for each
subscriber
73xx
BTV
IP: 1.2.3/24
7750
Option for Multi-subscriber VLANs
with bridging in DSLAM. VLAN
group interface to extend subnet
Subnet can span multiple DSLAMs
Subscriber identified by option 82
 Subscriber policy and queues dynamically
assigned
All rights reserved © 2005, Alcatel