Computer Hardware & Operation
Northern College Diploma
Philip Bird
NOT Gate
In Out
0
1
NOT
1
0
0
1
1
0
Rule:
The output is the opposite of the input.
Computer Fundamentals
Philip Bird
AND Gate
In1 In2 Out
0
0
0
10
110
AND
10
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
Rule:
The output is 1 if all the inputs are 1.
Computer Fundamentals
Philip Bird
OR Gate
In1 In2 Out
0
0
0
10
110
OR
110
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
Rule:
The output is 1 if any of the inputs are 1.
Computer Fundamentals
Philip Bird
XOR Gate
In1 In2 Out
0
0
0
10
110
XOR
010
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
Rule:
The output is 1 if either of the inputs are 1 but
not both.
Computer Fundamentals
Philip Bird
Logic in Hardware
1947 Bardeen and Brattain
1971 Ted Hoff
Microprocessor
Transistor
1906 Lee de Forrest
The Valve
Computer Fundamentals
1958 Jack Kilby
Integrated Circuit
Philip Bird
A Non-Computing Logic Problem
To do teacher training at University I will
need to do Maths GCSE (M) and get either
the Diploma (D) or the Access to HE
Certificate (A)
M
AND
D
OR
A
Computer Fundamentals
X
U
M
D
A
X
U
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Philip Bird
Another Example
A
B
AND
OR
Computer Fundamentals
X
Y
NOT
Z
AND
A
B
X
Y
Z
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
C
C
Philip Bird
Another Example
A
X
NOT
AND
Y
B
Z
NOT
C
NOT
Computer Fundamentals
A
B
X
Y
Z
C
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
Philip Bird
Computer Logic Circuits
Made up of logic gates.
Distinct units within the CPU doing
specific jobs.
Simple in operation – clock speed gives
computers the power.
Computer Fundamentals
Philip Bird
Control Switches & Masks
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
Computer Fundamentals
1
0
0
Philip Bird
Addition Circuits
In1
0
0
1
1
In2
0
1
0
1
Computer Fundamentals
Carry
0
0
0
1
Sum
0
1
1
0
Philip Bird
Summary
What are the rules of the logic gates?
What is a logic circuit?
Why is clock speed so important?
Use Circuit Shop to produce the task
examples.
Computer Fundamentals
Philip Bird
Answers
I will have another beer if I have the money
(M) and can stand at the bar (S) or if
someone else is buying (B)
B
OR
M
AND
S
Computer Fundamentals
X
U
B
M
S
X
U
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
Philip Bird
Answers
Computer Fundamentals
S
R
Q
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
Philip Bird