Virginia Summer Institute for Addiction Studies
July 11, 2016
Malcolm V. King MS CSAC
Child and Family Program Specialists
Virginia Department of Behavioral
Health and Developmental Services
Session Objectives
 Participants will become familiar with the current state and national
trends related to adolescent use of illegal drugs
 Participants will become familiar with adolescent brain development
and drug use
 Participants will review strategies on how to overcome challenges in
developing an appropriate substance use treatment plan for
adolescents
 Participants will receive information on developing and
implementing effective strategies in engaging and providing
treatment services for adolescents affected by substance use
disorders.
Adolescent Substance Use
National Trends
 44,892 students participated in MF 2015 survey
 68.1% of high school seniors do not view regular THC use
as harmful
 71% disapprove of regular THC use
 Daily marijuana use exceeded daily tobacco cigarette use
among 12th graders
 Past year use of heroin, is at an all-time low at 0.3
percent for eighth graders, and 0.5 for 10th and 12th
graders
Monitoring The Future Survey – 2015 Survey Results
Adolescent Substance Use
National Trends - Continued
 Use of ("synthetic marijuana") declined 6.2% since 2011
 Heroin use is at an all time low among 8-12th graders
 Prescription opioids continues a downward trend
 Most teens reported getting opioids from friends or family
members. One-third report getting them from their own
prescriptions
Monitoring The Future Survey – 2015 Survey Results
Adolescent Substance Use
State Trends
 7,809 received services through the CSB
 53.4% presented with a co-occurring mental health
diagnosis
 2,191 treated for opiate use as primary diagnosis
 28% overall treated with opiate use
Factors Leading to
Substance Use Disorders
Mental Health Issues
Developmental
Immaturity
Drug Use
Environment
Heredity
Family Attitude
Drug Influenced Lifestyle
Adolescent Substance Use Treatment
Critical Treatment Challenges
1. Brain not fully developed
2. Adolescent brains are biologically wired to take risks
3. Inherited genetic vulnerability
4. Thoughts of “drug use is cool and harmless”
5. The culture of substance use in the family
Vocational
Services
Family & Natural
Support Involvement
Primary Treatment
Screening
Mental Health
Screening
Assessment
Direct Treatment
Substance Use Monitoring
Legal Services
Support Services &
Continuing Care
Life Skills
Services
Ongoing
Educational
Services
Medical
Services Testing
Overcoming Treatment Challenges
Overarching Principles of Care
1.
Developmentally Appropriate Care
2. Cultural and Gender Competence
3. Trauma-informed Care Approach
4. Family Centered and Youth Guided Care
5. Utilization of Best Practice Models
Treatment Considerations
 Treatment Process is developmentally relevant
1.
2.
3.
4.
Age Consideration
Maturation
Cognitive Processing
Special Needs
 Develop systems collaboration among local youth-serving
agencies
 Consider a Recovery-Oriented Systems of Care Approach
 Screen for substance use and co-occurring mental health
disorders
Essential Service Elements
1. Screening, Assessment, and Treatment Planning
2. Medication-Assisted Withdrawal
3.
Direct Treatment Services
4. Recovery Support Services
Screening, Assessment, and Planning
 Screening – The first step toward making recommendations
for an assessment and/or interventions.
 Assessment – Used to identify the level of severity of use and
the appropriate level of care needed
 Treatment and Recovery Planning – Serves as roadmaps for
treatment and recovery support service delivery.
Medicated Assisted Withdrawal
 Sometimes referred to as detoxification
 Usually provided in an inpatient setting but
ambulatory detoxification may be considered
 Only trained professionals should administer and
monitor withdrawal through medication.
Direct Treatment Services Considerations
 Levels of Care are determined by the assessment
 Treatment is gender specific, being sensitive to:


Unique developmental needs of males and females
Unique needs of LGBTQ community
 Family members or natural support partners involved in
all aspects of treatment
 All services are to be grounded in Best Practice Models
Recovery Support Services
 Adolescent Recovery Support includes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Continuing Care and Support
Continuing Education Services
Prosocial Activity Involvement
Vocational Services
Housing Assistance
Parenting Assistance
Peer Mentoring/Recovery Coaching
References
 SAMSA’s National Registry of Evidence-based Programs
and Practices - http://nrepp.samhsa.gov/01_landing.aspx
 Principles of Adolescent Substance Use Disorder
Treatment: A Research-Based Guide - National Institute of
Drug Abuse Publication Number 14-7953 January 2014
 NASADAD - State Adolescent Substance Use Disorder
Treatment and Recovery Practice Guide –
September 2014
 Monitoring The Future Survey – 2015 Survey Results
Malcolm King, MS CSAC
Department of Behavioral Health
and Developmental Services
Phone (804) 371-4604
[email protected]
Thank You !!!
Any Questions