CMSC 421, Ar+ficial Intelligence Chapter 1
1 What is Ar+ficial Intelligence? ● 
How to achieve intelligent behavior computationally
● 
What is “intelligent” behavior?
2 What is Ar+ficial Intelligence? ● 
If these were real, would they have artificial intelligence?
3 What is Ar+ficial Intelligence? ● 
Do these have artificial intelligence?
Robocup
soccer
players
Mars
rover
Self-driving
car
Anti-lock
braking
system
4 What is Ar+ficial Intelligence? ● 
These?
Claudico
Deep Blue
5 What is Ar+ficial Intelligence? ● 
These?
Automated
theorem
prover
Automated language translator
Internet search engine
6 What is Ar+ficial Intelligence? ● 
These?
● 
● 
Nest thermostat
1950s thermostats
7 What is Ar+ficial Intelligence? ● 
What activity are we evaluating?
◆  Thinking?
◆  Behavior?
● 
How do we evaluate it?
◆  Is it human-like?
◆  Is it the best possible?
Evaluation
Human-like
What
activity
Thinking
Cognitive psychology
Cognitive neuroscience
Behavior
Alan Turing’s
imitation game
Best possible
“rules of thought”
i.e., formal logic
Rational behavior
8 What is Ar+ficial Intelligence? Evaluation
Human-like
What
activity
Best possible
Thinking
Cognitive psychology
Cognitive neuroscience
Behavior
Alan Turing’s
imitation game
HUMAN
HUMAN
INTERROGATOR
“rules of thought”
i.e., formal logic
Rational behavior
● 
What the
book uses
?
AI SYSTEM
9 What is Ra+onal Behavior? ● 
● 
Given
◆  the information available to the agent
◆  the actions the agent can perform
“Rational” behavior
◆  optimizes some measure m of “ideal” performance
● 
What
is this?
● 
Doesn’t necessarily involve thinking
◆  e.g., blinking reflex
● 
But means that thinking should be in the service of rational action
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