Northern Rivers Invasive
Plants Action Strategy
2009-2013
For the use of all public & private land managers
The aim of this strategy is to provide strategic direction for the future
management of weeds in the Northern Rivers Catchment Management Authority’s
(NRCMA) region by addressing specific catchment targets within the Catchment
Action Plan (CAP) as well as providing weed authorities with specific actions for
meeting requirements under the Noxious Weeds Act 1993. This Strategy aims to
promote a coordinated approach to weed management across the region (spreading
over 18 Local Government Areas) by providing a basic decision making system based
on prioritisation of weed species and sites. The development of this Strategy was
initiated by the NRCMA in collaboration with the NSW North Coast Weeds Advisory
Committee (NCWAC) and supported by Local Councils, NSW Department of
Primary Industries (NSW DPI), NSW Department of Environment and Climate
Change (DECC), Department of Lands (Lands), the Mid North Coast Weeds
Advisory Committee (MNCWAC) and the Northern Inland Weeds Advisory
Committee (NIWAC). This strategy was prepared through a year of consultation with
a wide range of stakeholders across the region.
Author:
Dr Meri Oakwood
Weed Planning Officer, NCWAC
PO Box 180, Coramba NSW 2450
First published May 2009.
Printed by Sunne Printing Services
Contacts for weed management in the Northern Rivers CMA region:
Local Government
Coastal
Far North Coast Weeds
(encompasses Kyogle, Tweed, Byron Bay,
Richmond Valley, Lismore and Ballina
Local Government Areas)
02 6623 3833
Clarence Valley Council
02 6643 0200
Coffs Harbour City Council 02 6648 4000
Bellingen Shire Council
02 6655 7300
Nambucca Shire Council
02 6568 2555
Weed Advisory Committees
Kempsey Shire Council
02 6566 3200
Port Macquarie Hastings Council
02 6581 8111
Tablelands
Tenterfield Shire Council 02 6736 6000
Glen Innes Severn Council 02 6730 2300
New England Weeds Authority
(encompasses Guyra, Armidale, Uralla &
Walcha Local Government Areas)
02 6771 1700
North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee 02 6643 3820 or 6653 8843
Mid North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee 02 6592 5288
Northern Inland Weeds Advisory Committee 02 6771 1700
Northern Rivers Catchment Management Authority Offices
Alstonville
Armidale
Coffs Harbour
02 6627 0170
02 6771 3450
02 6653 0150
NSW DPI Regional Weed Offices
Armidale
Casino
Glen Innes
Photo Credits
Front Cover: (left to right)
Row 1: Des Boorman (Cockspur Coral Flower), Rod Ensbey (Celtis Leaves and Fruit), Des Boorman (Water Hyacinth)
Row 2: Tim Scanlon (Nulla Nulla Creek), Des Boorman (Mysore Thorn Flower), Tim Scanlon (Grassy Headland)
Row 3: Des Boorman (Honey Locust Thorns), Reece Luxton (Clarence River, Grafton), Peter Foster (Castor Oil Plant Fruits)
Row 4: Meri Oakwood (Butterfly Bush, Lowanna), Meri Oakwood (Butterleaf National Park), Des Boorman (Alligator Weed Flower)
02 6738 8500
02 6662 2288
02 6730 1900
Grafton (principal)
Kempsey
Murwillumbah
02 6642 0622
02 6561 4960
02 6676 7390
Grafton
Kempsey
Kyogle
02 6640 1600
02 6562 6244
02 6632 1900
This Strategy is available at: www.northcoastweeds.org.au
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Contents
Contents (continued)
Forward.......................................................................................................................................6
Map of the Northern Rivers CMA region...................................................................................7
Acknowledgements.....................................................................................................................8
Appendices
Appendix 1Weed Assessment Process: Question sheets............................................51
Appendix 2 Additional Weed Species.........................................................................55
Appendix 3 Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds.................................................................61
Appendix 4 Class 3 Noxious Weeds...........................................................................62
Appendix 5 Class 4 Noxious Weeds...........................................................................63
Appendix 6 Class 5 Noxious Weeds...........................................................................66
Appendix 7 The National Environmental Alert List...................................................67
Appendix 8 List of Weeds of National Significance and Co-ordinators.....................69
Appendix 9 Detail of Scores & Ranks for Aquatic Weeds.........................................71
Appendix 10 Detail of Scores & Rank for Agricultural Weeds..................................77
Appendix 11 Detail of Scores & Ranks for Coastal Weeds........................................83
Appendix 12 Detail of Scores & Ranks for Forest (Lowland) Weeds........................87
Appendix 13 Detail of Scores & Ranks for Riparian (Lowland) Weeds....................91
Appendix 14 Detail of Scores & Ranks for Tableland Weeds....................................95
Appendix 15 Detail of Scores & Ranks for Urban (Lowland) Weeds........................98
Appendix 16 Single infestations of weed species within each LGA........................102
Appendix 17 List of Weed Stakeholders...................................................................111
Appendix 18 Current Organisational Structure for Weed Management ..................118
Appendix 19 Development of a rapid response program for new incursions...........123
Appendix 20 Example of a weed species that could be eradicated..........................124
Appendix 21 Development of a standardised reporting system...............................125
Acronyms and Abbreviations..................................................................................................129
Index of weed species that were assessed for this Strategy....................................................130
Executive Summary....................................................................................................................9
1. Background
1.1 The Region............................................................................................................10
1.2 The Purpose of this Strategy.................................................................................10
1.3 Aims of this Strategy.............................................................................................11
1.4 Goals of this Strategy............................................................................................12
1.5 How was this Strategy developed.........................................................................13
1.6 Who is this Strategy for........................................................................................14
1.7 How does this Strategy address NR Catchment Action Plan Targets...................14
2. Weeds
2.1 What is a weed......................................................................................................16
2.2 The impact of weeds.............................................................................................18
3. Prioritising weed species
3.1 How did we prioritise weeds for this Strategy . ...................................................18
3.2 Pioritised weed lists
Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes....................................................20
Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes..............................................21
Priority Weeds for Coastal Landscapes.....................................................22
Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Forest Landscapes.....................................23
Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Riparian Landscapes.................................24
Priority Weeds for Tablelands Landscapes................................................25
Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Urban Landscapes.....................................26
Tables
Table 1 Goals and objectives of this Strategy.............................................................12
Table 2 Classes of Noxious Weeds.............................................................................17
Table 3 Inclusions in each Priority Weed Category....................................................19
Table 4a Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes........................................................20
4b Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes ...............................................21
4c Priority Weeds for Coastal Landscapes........................................................22
4d Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Forest Landscapes........................................23
4e Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Riparian Landscapes....................................24
4f Priority Weeds for Tablelands Landscapes...................................................25
4g Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Urban Landscapes........................................26
Table 5 Criteria for prioritising sites..........................................................................27
Table 6a Goal 1: Prevent new weed problems (early detection..................................29
6b Goal 2: Reduce the impact of existing weeds..............................................33
6c Goal 3: Increase awareness, education and training....................................41
6d Goal 4: Improve weed management coordination.......................................45
6e Goal 5: Enhance the use of legislation and enforcement.............................45
6f. Goal 6: Improve monitoring and evaluation of the Strategy.......................46
Table 7 Legislation impacting on weed management.................................................49
Table 8 Other relevant management strategies and plans...........................................50
4. Prioritising sites
What characteristics could be used for prioritising sites............................................27
5.Implementing the Strategy.....................................................................................................28
5.1 Goals, objectives and actions................................................................................29
Goal 1: Prevent new weed problems (early detection)..............................29
Goal 2: Reduce the impact of existing weeds...........................................33
Goal 3: Increase awareness, education and training..................................41
Goal 4: Improve weed management coordination....................................45
Goal 5: Enhance the use of legislation and enforcement..........................45
Goal 6: Improve monitoring and evaluation of the Strategy.....................46
5.2 Principal implementing Committees....................................................................48
6. Relevant Legislation..............................................................................................................49
7. Links to other Plans and Strategies.......................................................................................50
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Foreword
Map of Northern Rivers CMA region
(showing Local Government Area boundaries,
major towns, major roads and major rivers)
Biodiversity conservation is foundational to the sustainable management of our
environment and natural resources. Whether enjoying the biological richness of the
Northern River’s numerous reserves and natural systems, or the fruits from our
productive landscapes; biodiversity assists by stabilising our soils, filtering our water
and integrating our diversity of life.
Most land managers, and the greater community, would agree that they have much to
benefit from the maintenance of a connected, and resilient, native vegetation. Best
Management Practice of both environmental and agricultural weeds across the
landscape, plays a critical role in the sustainable management of our native
vegetation, and the benefits it affords to us all.
The 2006 Australia State of the Environment Report Committee in summary
highlighted a key point from their findings, that is:
Much of the present regulation is not targeted at the appropriate scale, and some
incentives encourage environmentally perverse results. Management at a whole-oflandscape level, integrated with the local actions of all agencies, landholders and
people, is necessary to achieve landscape-scale objectives.
The Northern Rivers Invasive Plant Action Strategy is one of the first documents of
its type to pull together the needs of various weed managers; and to facilitate a
coordinated and catchment approach to invasive plant management. It recommends
actions which will enable a strategic approach to the management of weeds, and their
capacity to rapidly establish, travel downstream of catchment’s headwaters, and
spread across regions.
The presence of wayward weed populations is a signal to us that our ecosystem
service providers; including our woodlands, forests, streams, estuaries and farmlands;
are attempting to repair their imbalances, are in need of some attention, and in many
cases requiring a significant adjustment to the impacts upon them.
Environmental change, including the unpredictable impacts of human induced climate
change, adds an even greater need for cooperative, comprehensive and sophisticated
tools to be at our disposal for sustainable weed management.
This Strategy is the result of a collaborative approach by key stakeholders engaged in
the management of weeds across the Northern Rivers. It provides an overarching
framework, based on current best practice. It also recognises that stakeholder
priorities will be further refined via more specific tools as they are developed.
I hope you find this manual an important and strategic contribution toward the
protection of our rich biodiversity and productive landscapes, from invasive plants.
Refer to the NRCMA website www.northern.cma.nsw.gov.au
for further detail about the region.
Chair
Northern Rivers Catchment Management Authority
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Executive Summary
Acknowledgements
Particular thanks to the project advisory group; Reece Luxton (CVC), Rod Ensbey
(NSW DPI), Ian Turnbull (BSC), Barry Powells (CHCC), Iain Jamieson (FNCW),
Tim Woodward (NSC), Frank McLeod (Lands), and to the NRCMA’s Mark Asquith
and David Merrikin for contributions throughout the development of this Strategy.
Particular thanks also to Stephen Johnson (NSW DPI) , Tim Scanlon (DECC) and
Moira Williams (DECC) for detailed comments on the manuscript.
The Northern Rivers Catchment Management Authority (NRCMA) region covers an
area of approximately 50,000 square kilometres extending from the Queensland
border in the north to the Camden Haven River in the south and west to the Northern
Tablelands. The region is characterised by two distinct major environments, the
coastal environment and the eastern slopes of the Tablelands, and contains a diversity
of micro-climates, habitats, soils, land use patterns and weed issues. The overall aim
of this Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy is to provide a regional
framework to guide and enhance weed management across the entire region, to reduce
the economic, environmental and social impact of weeds.
The author also gratefully acknowledges the input of the following people:
Martin Bonner (Liston Farmers), Greg Booker (Bush regenerator Brooklana), Des
Boorman (FNCW), Stuart Boyd-Law (DECC Glen Innes), James Browning (NEWA),
Peter Croft (DECC Glen Innes), Tony Curr (LHPA), Kim Curtis (FNCW), Judy
Davies, Paul Davies (Valla Landholder), Paul Downey (DECC Hurstville), Greg Egan
(Kempsey Council), Jennifer Everingham, Lloyd Foster (Coffs Bushland
Regeneration Group), Peter Foster (Bliss Environment Centre), Georgina Gallagher
(Granite Borders Landcare/DECC Tenterfield), Dennis Gannaway (Asparagus Weeds
WoNS co-ordinator), Peter Ganter (Valla Beach Bushcare), John Gwalter (retired
Forests NSW), Aaron Hartley (CHCC), Tina Hatfield (NEWA), Bob Jarman
(Richmond Valley Landcare), Stuart Johnson (NRCMA, Kempsey), Johanna Kempff
(Richmond Valley Landcare), Kris Kupsch (Biotropica), Jeff Lowien (NSW DPI),
Bruce Lyle (FNCW), Stephanie and Julian Lymburner, Jim MacDonald (Lands),
Euan McLean, Fiona McCullough (NRCMA, Coffs), Terry Moody (Upper Clarence
Combined Landcare), Phillip Moran (Noosa & District Landcare), John Morhouse
(FNCW), Jenny Mulchrone (CHRL), David Nixon (Glen Innes Severn Council),
David Officer (NSW DPI), Susan Pollard (Upper Clarence Combined Landcare), Lyn
Rees (DECC Coffs), Cathy Rich (DECC Volunteer Coffs), Alan Robertson,
(Landowner), Cecil Robinson (Ngurrala Green Team), Neil Rossington (Tenterfield
Council), Tim Ryan (Nambucca Valley Landcare), Tim Scanlon (DECC
Coffs/Dorrigo, NCWAC), Terry Schmitzer (MNCWAC), Virginia Seymour (FNCW),
Daniel Stock (Biosecurity Qld), Grant Taylor (Port Macquarie Hastings Council), Jeff
Thomas (DECC Clarence, NCWAC), Dean Vincent (WoNS Co-ordinator), Marion
Winkler (DECC) and Bronwyn Witts (NIWAC).
This Strategy investigated the current organisational structure in relation to weed
management in the NRCMA region in order to identify stakeholders that have not
previously been included in the overall network. The aim was to enable the maximal
number and diversity of stakeholders to be involved during the consultation process
and to increase involvement in subsequent weed awareness and strategic weed
management programs.
This Strategy provides a decision-making tool to assist land managers and funding
bodies to assess and prioritise individual weed species within landscapes, within and
between Local Government Areas or throughout the entire NRCMA region. Seven
landscapes were chosen in order to capture the complexity of environments and the
diversity of weed issues in the NRCMA region: aquatic, agricultural, coastal, forest,
riparian, tablelands and urban. The Strategy also contains recommendations of criteria
for site prioritisation, suggestions for a standardised reporting system and a list of
actions addressing specific goals and objectives. The six goals are:
x Prevent new weed problems (early detection)
x Reduce the impact of existing weeds
x Increase awareness, education and training
x Improve weed management co-ordination
x Enhance the use of legislation and enforcement
x Improve monitoring and evaluation
The initial two day Weed Prioritisation Workshop was held in Coffs Harbour on
November 27th-28th 2006. A series of local workshops were held in 2007: Coffs
Harbour (23/5/07), Clarence (28/5/07), Lismore (19/7/07), Tenterfield (20/7/07), Glen
Innes (20/7/07), Nambucca (30/7/07), Port Macquarie Hastings (15/8/07) and
Kempsey (22/8/07).
This Strategy emphasises the importance of preventing new weeds from establishing
and the need to respond quickly to incursions as these are the most cost-effective
techniques for managing weeds. This Strategy complements the Australian Weed
Strategy, national and state legislative controls, and contributes to the Northern Rivers
Catchment Action Plan.
Photographs: Thank you to:
Des Boorman (FNCW)
Rod Ensbey (NSW DPI)
Peter Foster (Bliss Environment Cerntre)
Royce Holtkamp (NSW DPI)
Reece Luxton (CVC)
Meri Oakwood (NCWAC)
Barry Powells (CHCC)
Tim Scanlon (DECC NPWS)
Brian Worboys (Maitland Council)
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
1.3 Aims of this Strategy
1. Background
The overall aim is to provide a regional framework for the entire NRCMA area, to
reduce the economic, environmental and social impact of weeds.
1.1 The Region
The Northern Rivers Catchment Management Authority region covers an area
of approximately 50,000 square kilometres extending from the Queensland border in
the north to the Camden Haven River in the south, west to the Northern Tablelands, as
well as three nautical miles out to sea. Lord Howe Island is also included. The region
is characterised by two distinct major environments; the coastal and the eastern slopes
of the Tablelands. Within those two environments are a diversity of micro-climates,
habitats, soils and consequently land use patterns. Major rivers in the NRCMA region
are the Tweed, Brunswick, Richmond, Clarence, Bellinger, Nambucca, Macleay and
Hastings. The region also includes significant coastal lakes and estuaries, World
Heritage listed rainforest (Gondwana Rainforests of Australia) and significant marine
areas such as the Solitary Islands and Cape Byron Marine Park.
One of the initial tasks undertaken during the development of this Strategy was to
investigate the current organisational structure and situation in relation to weed
management in the Northern Rivers CMA region and to identify stakeholders that
have not previously been included in the overall network. The aim was to enable the
maximal number and diversity of stakeholders to be involved during the consultation
process and to increase involvement in subsequent weed awareness and strategic
weed management programs.
This Strategy aims to make the best use of the funding and resources available and to
enhance the work already done by:
x Providing direction to public and private land managers
x Identifying existing and new priority weeds
x Assisting site prioritisation
x Improving the communication and coordination across 18 Local Government
Areas
x Maximising the benefit of grant funds allocated for weed management
The region has over 550,000 people with substantial population growth along
the coast of over 2 per cent per annum. Agricultural production, timber production,
commercial fishing and tourism are very important. Major industries include beef
production, dairying and horticulture with new crops such as blueberries and coffee
plantations becoming increasingly common.
This Strategy contains:
x A decision-making tool to assess and prioritise individual weed species at the
local and regional level
x Recommendations for criteria for site prioritisation
x A series of recommended actions for the next 5 years, working towards
achieving the goals, aims and objectives.
x recommendations for creating a single format reporting standard that can
identify, describe and monitor weed management activities and a centralised
mapping system to meet the needs of the NRCMA, Local Government Areas,
NCWAC and where possible NSW DPI.
This region is divided into 18 Local Government Areas (excluding Lord
Howe). There are three Weed Advisory Committees covering the region: the NSW
North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee, the Northern Inland Weeds Advisory
Committee and the Mid North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee. The North Coast
Weeds Advisory Committee developed this action strategy.
1.2 The Purpose of this Strategy
This Strategy recognises that weed management is essential to the sustainable
management of natural resources, the economy, the environment, human health and
amenity and requires an integrated whole-of-government and community-wide
approach. The purpose of this Strategy is to align the direction, actions and resource
allocation of all organisations concerned with weed management in the NRCMA
region, toward a common direction. This Strategy provides a regional framework to
guide and complement other regional and local initiatives that are ultimately
translated into on-ground actions to manage weed problems and protect assets. The
Strategy complements the Australian Weed Strategy, national and state legislative
controls, and contributes to the Northern Rivers Catchment Action Plan.
This Strategy is a guide. Each Local Control Authority, State Agency and private land
owner or occupier is responsible for managing weeds on their land, guided by these
recommended actions and tools, and according to their individual resources and
capacity.
Nulla Nulla Creek
Photo: Tim Scanlon
10
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
11
1.4 Goals of this Strategy
1.5 How was this Strategy developed?
This Strategy targets six overall goals for weed management and within these, sixteen
objectives (Table 1). Within these objectives, the Strategy proposes numerous
associated actions (see pages 28-43).
A Weed Planning Officer was appointed to the NSW NCWAC in October
2006 to implement the project. An advisory group was established and their initial
meeting strengthened the collaborative partnership between numerous stakeholders by
including representatives from NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NEWA, Lands and
NSW DPI. The advisory group decided to utilise the prioritisation systems used in the
Regional Weed Strategies of the Lower Murray/Darling and the Murrumbidgee
catchments based on Rod Randall’s publication “Which are my worst weeds? A
simple ranking system for prioritising weeds”1 (Appendix 1). They also decided that
developing only a single decision making tool comprising one long list of weeds was
impractical because different weeds in different landscapes have different impacts e.g.
the importance of Salvinia in a river system is incomparable to African Boxthorn in a
Tablelands paddock. Similarly, two tools, grouping weeds into two groups,
agricultural and environmental weeds, was considered simplistic and inflexible
because current funding often targets specific habitats such as riparian areas. The
Lower Murray/Darling Strategy grouped weeds into four landscapes: riparian,
horticultural, rangelands and cropping. For the Northern Rivers CMA region, it was
decided that seven landscapes would be required to represent the entire region and to
capture the different weed issues: agricultural, aquatic, coastal, forests (native),
riparian, tablelands and urban.
The goals and associated objectives are as follows:
Table 1. Goals and objectives of this Strategy
Goal
1. Prevent new weed problems (early detection)
2. Reduce the impact of existing weeds
3. Increase awareness, education and training
4. Improve weed management co-ordination
5. Enhance the use of legislation and
enforcement
6. Improve monitoring and evaluation
Objectives
1.No new weed species established in the catchment
over the life of this Strategy
2. No spread of Category A weeds from one Local
Government Area to another during the life of this
Strategy
3. Increased collaboration with retail industry and
gardeners to limit potential weed introductions and
spread of weeds
4. Increased collaboration with primary producers to
limit potential weed introductions
5. Increased collaboration with other industries and
community groups to limit potential weed
introductions.
1. Increase the number of coordinated programs to
reduce existing weed problems
2. Increase the use of hygienic practices to prevent
the introduction and spread of weeds
3. Link weed management to sustainable land use
4. Establish regular monitoring and evaluation of
weed control programs
1. Develop effective communication networks to
disseminate information throughout the community
2. Increase the number of programs conducted that
raise the awareness of the impact of weeds and
alternatives that can be grown
3. Provide regular training opportunities to all
stakeholders in weed management
4. Provide educational resources to the community on
weeds and encourage involvement in weed
management
1. Build and maintain communication networks
between and within CMAs, LCAs and regional weed
advisory committees to improve coordination
1. Ensure that all LCAs have consistent, active weeds
policies and procedures to enforce the Noxious Weeds
Act 1993
1. Ensure that stakeholders are committed to
implementing and monitoring this Strategy
The advisory group then compiled all known lists of weeds for the Northern
Rivers CMA region and created draft lists for each landscape for consideration by a
larger group of weed practitioners. The lists used as the basis included: weeds
declared under the Noxious Weeds Act 1993, WoNS, New England Weeds, DECC,
NEWA, National Environmental Alert, MNCWAC Red Alert, MNCWAC WoRS,
Bushland Friendly Nursery Scheme, South-east Qld and the Gold Coast City Council
lists. The Weed Planning Officer and the Secretary of the NCWAC gave a
presentation to the NRCMA Board meeting in November 2006, outlining the project
and seeking input from Board members.
A two day workshop to prioritise weeds was held in Coffs Harbour in
November 2006. This workshop involved 17 people from a wide range of
organisations: NRCMA, NEWA, MNCWAC, NCWAC, FNCW, NSW DPI, Lands,
DECC, CHCC, CVC, BSC, Tenterfield Council and Forests NSW. The group
considered the draft lists of species for each landscape and shortened them as there
were too many species to consider all within the time frame. Each landscape list
ended up containing approximately 20 species that were considered the most
important and these were then assessed during the workshop. The workshop
participants assessed 107 weed species in total. The group resolved that other
additional species could be assessed at a later date (Appendix 2).
Using the Rod Randall system (Appendix 1), each weed species was scored
for characteristics related to invasiveness and impact. The data were compiled in early
2007 and then forwarded to a wider range of weed practitioners across the NRCMA
region, asking for individual assessment of distribution and spread and logistics of
control for each LGA area. To complete the data collection, a series of local
workshops were conducted in 2007. Weed practitioners from the Tablelands were
asked to assess weeds for the eastern fall of their respective Local Government Areas
only, to ensure that the final rankings applied to the Northern Rivers CMA region.
1
12
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Plant Protection Quarterly Vol 15 (2000).
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
13
This Strategy will contribute predominantly to the Management Target B3
Biodiversity Threat Mitigation. This target aims to implement actions to manage
native ecosystems/habitats to reduce the threat of invasive species and disruption to
natural ecosystems. This Weed Strategy has initiated the process of identifying,
assessing and prioritising weeds in the Northern Rivers region on the basis of impacts
and invasiveness. The Strategy aims to increase the ability for land managers to
recognise and eradicate new weed species as well as to attempt to reduce the
deterioration of natural ecosystems and subsequent threats to the survival of native
species.
1.6 Who is this strategy for?
This Strategy recognises the social, economic and environmental diversity of
the region and endeavours to address the needs of all stakeholders involved in weed
management. The Strategy includes detailed data for seven landscape types and for
each of the 18 Local Government Areas on the mainland. A draft was circulated for
public comment and input was sought from previously under-represented groups such
as grower associations. This Strategy includes weed species that affect the natural
environment, agriculture and social values of the region. This Strategy, where
appropriate, complements other local, regional and state management plans and
legislation and is intended to be used by public and private land managers in the
Northern Rivers CMA region. This Strategy was designed to complement the NR
Catchment Action Plan and to address several of this CAP’s Management Targets.
This Strategy will also contribute to the other Biodiversity Management Targets:
x
1.7 How does this strategy address the NR Catchment Action Plan
Targets?
Natural Resources Commission
The NSW Natural Resources Commission (NRC) has established NSW targets
to provide direction and consistent goals for activities across the state aimed to
improve the condition of natural resources (see www.nrc.nsw.gov.au). Within NSW
there are thirteen Catchment Management Authorities whose role is to direct regional
natural resource management activities, including the provision of funding for
relevant activities. The CMAs manage incentive programs aimed to maximise
environmental outcomes.
x
x
Northern Rivers CAP
The NRCMA published its’ Northern Rivers Catchment Action Plan in 2006
that is designed to offer direction for natural resource management over the next ten
years, with a review after five years. The CAP contains seven key themes for which
the NRCMA has responsibility: Community, Land Use Planning, Biodiversity, Water,
Coastal Management, Marine and Soil/Land Resource. For each theme, Catchment
Resource Condition Targets have been established with the intent of sustainably
managing resources that are currently in good condition and improving those that are
degraded, whilst maintaining or improving socio-economic outcomes. These targets
support and contribute to the state-wide targets established by the NRC.
x
x
These Catchment Resource Condition Targets are supported by Management
targets that aim to demonstrate the degree of change over time. The Management
Targets are underpinned by Catchment activities. The Management activities are time
bound to the maximum term of the ten year life of the CAP. Works completed may
relate to several Targets simultaneously.
B1 Secure Conservation Management2: assisting landholders/land
managers to remove/control weeds on land that is under a secure
formal conservation agreement, particularly land that includes High
Conservation Value (HCV) ecosystems such as rainforest, old
growth eucalypt forest, freshwater and estuarine wetlands, riparian
vegetation, corridors and over-cleared forest ecosystems
B2 Connectivity: providing connectivity and reversing
fragmentation by rehabilitating corridor habitats. Removal of weeds
contributes towards restoration of fragmented habitats.
B4 Threatened Species: implementing actions to reduce risks to
threatened species, populations and ecological communities by
developing/implementing threatened species recovery programs and
increasing/rehabilitating habitat. Weed control and habitat restoration
will substantially contribute to recovery programs for many
threatened species, however the most relevant actions need to be
determined
B5 Biodiversity Management and Enhancement: maintaining the
extent and improving the condition of native terrestrial and aquatic
ecosystems in multiple resource use systems such as forestry,
agricultural and fishery sectors. Assisting industries with weed
control and development of sustainable resource management
practices
B6 Habitat Rehabilitation and Revegetation: increasing the extent
and/or improving the condition of native terrestrial and aquatic
ecosystems. Removal of weeds and strategic revegetation will
extend, buffer and link areas of good habitat.
The actions proposed in this Strategy will also contribute to the following themes and
management targets:
Community Theme
x
conducting training and community awareness events such as field
days and distributing pamphlets, newsletters and media releases.
(CCB1 – Awareness, Knowledge and Skills).
x
This Strategy will promote community involvement by working
collaboratively with landholders on specific weed issues (CCB2 –
Community Engagement).
CAP Biodiversity Theme
The overall objective of the CAP Biodiversity theme is to improve the
condition of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by 2016. The Biodiversity Theme
includes six Biodiversity Management Targets: Secure Conservation Management
(B1), Connectivity (B2), Biodiversity Threat Mitigation (B3), Threatened Species
(B4), Biodiversity Management and Enhancement (B5) and Habitat Rehabilitation
and Revegetation (B6).
2
Land under Secure Conservation Management includes Property Vegetation Plans, Voluntary
Conservation Agreements, Property Agreements, Management Contracts, Conservation Contracts,
Flora Reserves, National Parks, State Conservation Areas, Nature Reserves, Listings under Ramsar
Convention, Local Government Local Environment Plans, Crown Reserves, Aquatic Reserves.
14
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
15
Table 2. Classes of noxious weeds
Class Weed Type
1
State Prohibited Weeds. Plants that pose a potentially
serious threat to primary production or the environment
and are not present in the State or are present only to a
limited extent.
(Appendix 3)
Water Management Theme
x
controlling weed infestations and promoting rehabilitation of riparian
zones, both within the bed and along the banks (W1- River structure,
Riparian Vegetation and Fish Passage).
Marine Management Theme
x
setting up an early detection network for weeds that include invasive
marine species (M2 – Best Practice).
Control requirements
The plant must be eradicated
from the land and the land must
be kept free of the plant.
These weeds are also
“notifiable”3. Prohibited from
sale or knowing distribution in
NSW.
The plant must be eradicated
Regionally Prohibited Weeds. Plants that pose a
from the land and the land must
potentially serious threat to primary production or the
environment of a region to which the order applies, and be kept free of the plant.
are not yet present in the region or are present only to a These weeds are also
limited extent.
“notifiable”. Prohibited from
(Appendix 3)
sale or knowing distribution in
NSW.
The plant must be fully and
Regionally Controlled Weeds. Plants that pose a
continuously suppressed and
potentially serious threat to primary production or the
environment of a region to which the order applies, are destroyed. Some species also
not widely distributed in the area and are likely to
may not be sold, propagated or
spread from the area to another area.
knowingly distributed.
(Appendix 4)
The growth and spread of the
Locally Controlled Weeds. Plants that pose a
plant must be controlled
potentially serious threat to primary production, the
environment or human health, are widely distributed in according to the measures
specified in a management plan
an area to which the order applies and are likely to
published by the local control
spread in the area or to another area.
(Appendix 5)
authority. Some species also may
not be sold, propagated or
knowingly distributed.
Class 5 weeds are “notifiable”.
Restricted Plants. Plants that are likely, by their sale
or the sale of their seeds or movement within the State The requirements in the Noxious
or an area of the State, to spread in the State or outside Weeds Act 1993 for notifiable
weeds must be complied with.
the State.
Prohibited from sale or knowing
(Appendix 6)
distribution in NSW.
2
Land Use Planning Theme
x
ensure adequate consideration of natural resource values in the
strategic regional and local planning process (LUP4 - Natural
Resource Integration)
3
2. Weeds
2.1 What is a Weed?
4
A weed is a plant that requires some form of action to reduce its effects on the
economy, the environment, human health or amenity (Australian Weeds Strategy
2007). Weeds are often classed into broad groups depending on their characteristics
and impacts. The main groups are:
x
Noxious weeds
x
Environmental weeds
x
Agricultural weeds
x
Weeds of National Significance (WoNS)
x
National Environmental Alert List weeds
5
Many weed species can be classified in more than one of these groups. For example
blackberry is classed as a noxious weed, and can be an environmental and agricultural
weed depending on the location. Blackberry is also listed as a Weed of National
Significance.
Environmental weeds
Environmental weeds are plants that pose a threat to natural ecosystems. They invade
native plant communities and reduce biodiversity. They may also impact on human health,
access, recreation activities, physical infrastructure and aesthetic values.
Noxious weeds
Some serious weeds are legally required to be controlled by all landholders. These are
known as Noxious weeds and the law that controls these in NSW is the Noxious
Weeds Act 1993. Noxious weeds have the potential to harm individuals or the
community, can be controlled by reasonable means and have the potential to spread.
In New South Wales, the administration of noxious weed control is the responsibility
of the Minister for Primary Industries. The Act is implemented and enforced by Local
Control Authorities (LCA) for each area, usually local government. The Act imposes
obligations on occupiers of land to control noxious weeds.
Agricultural weeds
Agricultural weeds are plants that represent a threat to agricultural production. They reduce
the area available for agricultural activities, interfere with agricultural practices and affect
the quality of produce. They may be harmful to livestock.
There are five classes of noxious weeds identified in the Act (Table 2).
3
An occupier of land (other than a local control authority) on which there is a notifiable weed must
notify the local control authority of that fact within three days after becoming aware that the notifiable
weed is on the land. An occupier may be prosecuted under the Act for not informing the LCA of the
presence of a notifiable weed. Sale or purchase of notifiable weed material is prohibited. Sale of soil,
turf or fodder from land with notifuable weeds is prohibited. Distribution of weed material in or on
agricultual machinery is prohibited.
16
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
17
National Environmental Alert List
Under the National Weeds Strategy, 28 environmental weeds were identified as National
Environmental Alert Weeds. These weeds are non-native species that are in the early stages
of establishment and have the potential to become a significant threat to biodiversity if they
are not managed (Appendix 7).
Table 3. Inclusions in each Priority Weed Category
Priority (Rank)
Weed Species included
Noxious Weeds Class 1 and 2
A
Weed species that are absent in that LGA
Weed species on the National Alert List
Weed species that scored 90+ in the prioritisation process
Noxious Weeds Class 3
B
Weed species that scored 80-89 (often only limited distribution)
These weed species are predominantly both highly invasive and
have substantial impact.
Weed species that scored 70-79
C
Weed species that scored 60-69
D
Weed species that scored 40-59
E
Weed species that scored less than 40
F
Weeds of National Significance (WoNS)
Under the National Weeds Strategy (precursor to the Australian Weeds Strategy 2007), 20
introduced plants were identified as Weeds of National Significance. These weed species
are regarded as the worst weeds in Australia because of their high rankings for
invasiveness, potential to spread, and economic and environmental impacts. Each species
has had a National Coordinator appointed to oversee the management and control of these
weeds. These weeds and the relevant coordinators are listed in Appendix 8.
2.2 The impact of weeds
Weeds impact the economy and environment, as well as human health and
amenity. Directly or indirectly, all Australians are affected by weeds. Weeds reduce the
quantity and quality of agricultural, horticultural and forestry products, which affects both
the industries and consumers. The estimated cost to the Australian economy from the
agricultural impact of weeds is $4 billion per annum4. The economic impact of weeds on
nature conservation, tourism and landscape amenity is thought to be of a similar magnitude.
Weeds affect the structure and function of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and impact
negatively on flora and fauna. Weeds pose a threat to the integrity of nationally and
globally significant sites such as cultural heritage sites, World Heritage areas and Ramsarlisted wetlands. Many weeds also affect human and animal health, causing allergies,
dermatitis, asthma and poisoning. Weeds can also be detrimental to the aesthetic value and
the community enjoyment of natural areas, such as aquatic weeds clogging waterways
preventing boating and increasing the risk of drowning.
The species-specific rankings are presented in the tables below (Tables 4a-g). These
prioritised weed lists are provided to guide resource allocation for weed control. Each
weed species is categorised to reflect impact, invasiveness, distribution and rate of
spread and also whether the species could, within 5 years, feasibly be eradicated,
contained or prevented from spreading to another Local Government Area (LGA). For
each Landscape, each weed species is ranked within each of the relevant Local
Government Areas. For the Tablelands Local Government Areas such as Tenterfield
and Glen Innes, only the eastern fall is included in the Northern Rivers CMA area,
consequently assessments only apply to the eastern fall portion of these LGAs.
Within each LGA, resources should be allocated firstly to preventing the introduction
and establishment of Priority A Weeds and then channelled to other Priority A weed
infestations. Secondly, resources should target Priority B weed species, with the aim
of containing, decreasing, and where possible, eradicating infestations of newly
arrived/small infestations and then channel to larger infestations. If sufficient funding
is available, control work should then be carried out on Priority C, Priority D and then
Priority E weeds. Species that are on the Weeds of National Significance (WoNS) List
(Appendix 8) are noted in the tables so that this can also be taken into account in
decision-making. For example if a choice is required for funding allocation between
a WoNS and non WoNS species, the WoNS species should be the priority. Funding
allocation may also need to take into account the suite of weed species present at a
particular site and their overall impact. For example, there are suites of vine weeds
that have major impacts on ecosystems yet some of the individual species only
obtained a low rank in this assessment process. If these weeds are damaging a site of
high conservation significance then the priority for control at that site would increase.
3. Prioritising Weed Species
3.1 How did we prioritise weeds for this Strategy?
Initially, the Noxious Weeds Act 1993 was referred to. The control measures under the
Act for both Class 1 and 2 weed species are the same: these plants must be eradicated from
the land and the land must be kept free of the plant. Consequently all Class 1 and 2 weed
species are listed as Priority A weeds in this Strategy (Table 3). Weed species listed on the
National Alert List were also categorised as A in this Strategy. The control measures for
Class 3 Noxious weeds are that these plants must be fully and continuously suppressed
and destroyed. Consequently, all Class 3 weed species are listed as Priority B weeds in
this strategy (Table 3). After examining the weeds listed under the Noxious Weeds Act,
the final scores were determined for each of the weed species on our landscape lists
(Appendices 9-15) using the assessment process (Appendix 1) and a ranking was given
(Table 3).
4
Sinden, J., Jones, R., Hester, S., Odom, D., Kalisch, C., James, R., and Cacho, O. 2005. The economic
impact of weeds in Australia. CRC for Australian Weed Management. Tech Series 8. Adelaide. p 39.
18
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
19
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Trapa spp.
Stratiotes aloides
Equisetum spp.
Limnocharis flava
Myriophyllum spicatum
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Hygrophila polysperma
Pistia stratiotes
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Hygrophila costata
Salvinia molesta
Ludwigia longifolia
Ludwigia peruviana
Sagittaria platyphylla
Myriophyllum aquaticum
Colocasia esculenta
Elodea canadensis
Cabomba caroliniana
Egeria densa
Eichhornia crassipes
Nymphaea mexicana
Senegal Tea
Water Caltrop
Water Soldiers
Horsetails
Limnocharis
Eurasian Water Milfoil
Hymenachne
East Indian Hygrophila
Water Lettuce
Alligator Weed
Glush Weed
Salvinia
Willow Primrose
Water Primrose
Sagittaria
Parrots Feather
Taro
Elodea
Cabomba
Dense Waterweed
Water Hyacinth
Yellow Water Lily
Kyogle
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A*
Aa
A**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
B**
C**
C*
D
D*
Tweed
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A*
A**
Aa
A
B
A**
D
D
C
D
C
C
C*
C**
D
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A
Aa
A**
A
B
Aa
D
D
D
D
C
D
C
D*
B**
Richmond
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A*
Aa
A
A**
A*
B
B**
D
Aa
D
C**
Aa
D
D
D
Aa
Lismore
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
Aa
A**
A
B
Aa
D
D
E
D
E
E
E
E
D*
Ballina
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
D
B
C
C
C*
D
D
D
D
D
C*
D
Clarence
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B
Aa
Aa
C*
D
C*
D
C*
C*
C
D*
Coffs
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
Aa
A**
Aa
B
D
Aa
D
D
D
D
C*
D*
B**
Aa
Bellingen
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
E
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Nambucca
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
Aa
Aa
B
D
Aa
Aa
E
C
Aa
Aa
E*
B
B
Kempsey
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
Aa
Aa
E
B*
D*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
A**
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
D*
B*
E
D*
D
B*
C*
Hastings
(see Appendix 9 for details of scores)
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C**
C**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Armidale
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
Aa
A*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C*
Uralla
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Walcha
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
B
B
C**
C*
C
C
C
D
E*
E
Cuphea carthagenensis
Rosa rubiginosa
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp
Sporobolus pyramidalis
Cestrum parqui
Carthamus lanatus
Phyla nodiflora
Hyparrhenia hirta
Sporobolus fertilis
Lantana camara
Sorghum halepense
Bryophyllum delagoense
Senecio madagascarensis
Cuphea
Sweet Briar
Blackberry
Giant Rats Tail Grass
Green Cestrum
Saffron Thistle
Lippia
Coolatai Grass
Giant Parramatta Grass
Lantana
Johnson Grass
Mother-of-millions
Fireweed
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Tweed
C
D
D
D*
E*
E
D
Aa
B**
B
B
Aa
Aa
*
Aa
A*
Aa
Aa
A*
Aa
Byron
C
D
D
D*
E*
E
D
Aa
B*
B*
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C*
Aa
Richmond
B*
B
C
D
E*
E
D*
Aa
B*
B*
B
C**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Lismore
C
D
D
D
E
E
Aa
Aa
B
B
B
Aa
C**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Ballina
B
B
D
D
E
D
D
Aa
B*
Aa
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Clarence
C
D
C
E
E
E
*
E*
E*
C
B*
B
D
A*
D*
D
B*
Aa
Aa
D*
Coffs
C
D
C
C*
E*
D
Aa
Aa
C
Aa
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Bellingen
C*
D
C
D*
Aa
D
Aa
Aa
C
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Nambucca
B
D
D
B*
D
D
Aa
Aa
B*
B*
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Kempsey
B*
C
C
C*
E
E
Aa
Aa
B
B**
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
D
C
C*
D
E
Aa
Aa
B
B*
B**
C
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Hastings
C
B
C
D
E*
E
Aa
D
D
B**
B*
D*
C*
Aa
D
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
B*
C
Aa
Aa
D*
Aa
E
D
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C**
B*
B*
D
C*
C*
Aa
C*
D*
Aa
C**
Aa
E
D
Aa
Aa
E
Aa
*
D*
D*
B
B*
C
E
C*
C
C
D**
E*
C*
Aa
E*
D
Aa
Aa
D*
C**
D**
C
B
B
C*
D*
B**
Aa
Aa
D**
Aa
C*
Aa
E
D
Aa
Aa
D
Aa
D**
Aa
B*
B*
B**
D
C*
C*
C*
D*
E*
D
Aa
E
D
Aa
Aa
E
Aa
D*
D
B
B*
Aa
E
Categories: Aa = weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area. Includes noxious and environmental weeds.
A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds on the National Alert List.
B = Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80.
C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent:
a= absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Assessment only applies to those portions of each LGA that lie in the Northern Rivers CMA area e.g. the eastern fall for Tenterfield, Glen Innes, Guyra, Armidale, Uralla and Walcha.
Star Thistle
Blue Heliotrope
Hypericum perforatum
Nassella trichotoma
Nassella neesiana
Carduus nutans subsp.
nutans
Centaurea calcitrapa
Heliotropium amplexicaule
St Johns Wort
Serrated Tussock
Chilean Needle Grass
Nodding Thistle
Kyogle
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Scientific name
Common name
Tenterfield
(see Appendix 10 for details of scores)
Glen Innes
Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes
Guyra
Table 4b
The assessment for this landscape was based on the Rod Randall process which was designed for terrestrial weeds, hence results may not be totally applicable for aquatic weeds.
Subsequent Strategy reviews will investigate using an assessment process that is tailored for aquatic weeds
5
Categories: Aa = weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area. Includes noxious and environmental weeds.
A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds on the National Alert List.
B = Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80
C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent:
a= absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Assessment only applies to those portions of each LGA that lie in the Northern Rivers CMA area e.g. the eastern fall for Tenterfield, Glen Innes, Guyra, Armidale, Uralla and Walcha.
Scientific name
Common name
Byron
Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes5
Tenterfield
Table 4a
Glen Innes
3.2. Prioritised weed lists
Guyra
Armidale
Uralla
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Walcha
20
21
Schinus terebinthifolius
Baccharis halimifolia
Sphagneticola trilobata
Psidium cattleianum var.
cattleianum
Senna pendula var. glabrata
Schefflera actiniphylla
Ochna serrulata
Paspalum wettsteinii
Gloriosa superba
Lantana camara
Asparagus plumosus
Macroptilium atropurpureum
Euphorbia cyathophora
Melinis minutiflora
Chrysanthemoides monilifera
Acetosa sagittata
Asparagus aethiopicus
Bryophyllum delagoense
Ipomoea cairica
Paspalum urvillei
Broad Leaf Pepper
Groundsel Bush
Singapore Daisy
Cherry Guava
Tweed
C*
C**
C*
C*
C
B
D*
D*
D*
D
D
E
D
D*
D
E
B
B
B*
B*
C*
C*
C*
C*
C
C
D*
D*
D*
D
E
E
E
E*
E
E
B
B
B*
B*
Byron
C*
B*
Aa
C*
C*
C
D
D*
D**
Aa
D
Aa
D
D*
D
E*
Aa
B
B*
Aa
Ballina
B
B
B*
B
C*
C
C*
C
D*
C
C
C
D
E*
D
F
B
B
C*
D*
Clarence
C
D
D*
D
D*
C
D*
D
E
D*
C
D*
E
B
E
F
B*
B
D*
D
Coffs
C
C
D
C
D
C
D
D
E
C
C
D
D
E
D
E
B*
B
C
C*
Bellingen
D
D
C*
D
D
B*
D*
Aa
Aa
D*
D
E
D*
D*
E
E
Aa
B
Aa
B*
Nambucca
B
C*
C
C
C
D
C
D
D*
B
B
Aa
D
D
D
E
B*
B
C
C
Kempsey
C
C*
B
B
C*
C
C*
C
Aa
C*
D
D*
C
B
D
E
Aa
B
D*
C*
Hastings
C
C*
C
C*
D*
C
C*
C**
D*
C*
D
D*
D*
B
D*
E
Aa
B*
C*
C*
Tenterfield
Kyogle
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
B
C**
C*
C
C
C
D*
D*
D*
D*
D
D
D
D
D
E
Caesalpinia decapetala
Pueraria lobata
Schefflera actinophylla
Asparagus asparagoides
Asparagus aethiopicus
Celtis sinensis
Watsonia meriana
Asparagus plumosus
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Araujia sericifera
Cinnamomum camphora
Pinus radiata
Lonicera japonica
Delairea odorata
Tradescantia fluminensis
Ligustrum sinense
Pinus elliotti
Anredera cordifolia
Lantana camara
Ligustrum lucidum
Solanum seaforthianum
Mysore Thorn
Kudzu
Umbrella Tree
Bridal Creeper
Ground/Basket
Asparagus
Celtis
Bulbil Watsonia
Climbing Asparagus
Cats Claw Creeper
Moth Vine
Camphor Laurel
Radiata Pine
Japanese Honeysuckle
Cape Ivy
Trad/Striped Trad
Narrow Leaf Privet
Slash Pine
Madeira Vine
Lantana
Broad Leaf Privet
Climbing Nightshade
Tweed
D
E*
D
B
D
D
D
E
D*
D
E
D
B
C
E
E
A*
B*
D
C**
D
B*
E*
D*
B*
D
D
D
E
D*
D
E
D
C
D
E
E
B*
B*
D
C**
E
B
E*
D
C
D*
C
Aa
D*
Aa
D
D
C
C
D
D
E*
Aa
Aa
C
D*
D
B
Aa
E
B*
E
D
C
Aa
D*
E
E
C
D
D
E
E
B*
Aa
C*
D*
D*
Ballina
B**
E*
C
C
C*
D
D*
E
D*
D
C
C
B
B
D
E
B*
B*
B
C
D
Clarence
B*
D*
B*
B
D*
D
D*
D*
C*
D*
D
D
C
D
D
E
B*
B**
B*
Aa
C
Coffs
B
Aa
D*
D
C
D
D*
D*
Aa
D*
E
C*
B*
D
C*
E*
Aa
B*
C*
Aa
D*
Bellingen
B*
Aa
D*
B*
C
D
D*
E
D
D
D
D
C
D
D
E*
A**
B*
D*
Aa
D*
Nambucca
Aa
E
C
B*
C
D
C*
C
B
E
C
C*
B
D
C
E*
B*
B*
C**
Aa
C
Aa
E*
C*
C
E
C
D*
Aa
Aa
E
D
D*
C
D
D
E*
B**
C**
C*
Aa
C
Kempsey
Kyogle
Aa
E*
C*
C*
D
C
B*
D
C*
E
C
C*
B
D
C*
Aa
C*
C**
C*
D
D*
Grey shaded column = no (lowland) forest landscape in that LGA
Categories: Aa = weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area. Includes noxious and environmental weeds.
A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds on the National Alert List.
B = Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80.
C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent:
a= absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Scientific name
Common name
Hastings
(see Appendix 12 for details of scores)
Tenterfield
Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Forest Landscapes
Glen Innes
Table 4d
Byron
Armidale
(see Appendix 11 for details of scores)
Glen Innes
Grey shaded column = no coastal landscape in that LGA
Categories: Aa = weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area. Includes noxious and environmental weeds.
A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds on the National Alert List.
B = Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80.
C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent:
a= absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Winter Senna
Umbrella Tree
Mickey Mouse Plant
Broad Leaf Paspalum
Glory Lily
Lantana
Climbing Asparagus
Siratro
Painted Spurge
Molasses Grass
Bitou Bush
Turkey Rhubarb
Ground/Basket Asparagus
Mother-of-millions
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Giant Paspalum
Scientific name
Common name
Richmond
Richmond
Uralla
Priority Weeds for Coastal Landscapes
Lismore
Lismore
Guyra
Guyra
Armidale
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Uralla
Table 4c
Walcha
Walcha
22
23
Robinia pseudoacacia
Pueraria lobata
Caesalpinia decapetala
Gleditsia triacanthos
Schinus terebinthifolius
Celtis sinensis
Anredera cordifolia
Colocasia esculenta
Ligustrum lucidum
Erythrina crista-galli
Leucaena leucocephala
Salix spp.
Ligustrum sinense
Araujia sericifera
Cinnamomum camphora
Lantana camara
Cardiospermum grandiflorum
Brugmansia x candida
Ipomoea alba
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Ipomoea indica
Ipomoea cairica
Aristolochia elegans
Tradescantia fluminensis
Ricinis communis
Ageratina riparia
Rivina humilis
Black Locust
Kudzu
Mysore Thorn
Honey Locust
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Chinese Celtis
Madeira Vine
Taro
Broad Leaf Privet
Cockscomb Coral
Leucaena
Willows
Narrow Leaf Privet
Moth Vine
Camphor Laurel
Lantana
Balloon Vine
Devils Trumpet
Moonflower
Cats Claw Creeper
Blue Morning Glory
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Dutchmans Pipe
Trad/Striped Trad
Castor oil
Mistflower
Coral Berry
Kyogle
Aa
Aa
B**
B*
B
B
B
C**
C*
C*
C*
C*
C
C
C
C
C
D**
D**
D
D*
D*
D
D
E*
E
E
Tweed
B*
B*
A*
B
B
B*
C
D
E
C
B**
C*
E
D*
D
D
C*
B**
E
C
C*
D
D*
D
E
E
E
Byron
C*
B*
A*
B
B
B*
C
E
E
C
Aa
D*
E
C*
E
D
C*
B**
E
C
C*
E
C*
D
E
E
E
Richmond
Aa
Aa
Aa
B
B
B*
B*
Aa
C*
C
C*
C*
D
C*
C
C
C
Aa
D*
D
E
D
Aa
D*
E
D
E**
Lismore
Aa
Aa
B
A*
Aa
B
D
D
E
D
Aa
D
E
E
D
D
D
Aa
E
B*
E
E
D
C
E
E
E
Ballina
D**
Aa
B*
Aa
B
B*
B
D
D
B*
B**
D*
C
B*
C
C
C
C**
D*
B*
D
D
C*
D
E*
E
E*
Clarence
E
B**
B*
B*
B**
B*
C
D*
D
B
C*
B
E
D
E
C
D
D*
C*
D
E
E
D*
D
E
E
E
Coffs
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
B*
B
C*
D
D
C*
Aa
C*
E
C*
D
C
C*
Aa
Aa
C*
E
E
Aa
D
Aa
D*
E*
E
B*
A**
B*
Aa
B*
D
D
E
B
Aa
C**
E
D
D
C
D
Aa
Aa
B*
E
E
Aa
E
E
E
E
Nambucca
D*
B*
B*
B*
B*
Aa
B
C
D
D*
Aa
B
D
C
E
D
B
C*
D*
C*
D
D
D*
E
D*
E
Aa
Kempsey
Aa
C**
B**
B*
Aa
Aa
C
B**
D
B
Aa
C*
D
E
C
C
C**
Aa
Aa
C
E
D
C**
E
E
D
Aa
Hastings
D*
C**
C*
B*
B**
B**
B
B*
C*
C*
Aa
C*
C
D
C
C
C*
Aa
Aa
C*
D
D*
C*
D
D
D
Aa
Walcha
Uralla
Ulex europaeus
Nassella trichotoma
Baccharis halimifolia
Nassella neesiana
Gleditsia triacanthos
Cytisus scoparius
Ailanthus altissima
Cestrum parqui
Salix spp.
Genista monspessulana
Crataegus monogyna
Hyparrhenia hirta
Hypericum perforatum
Lycium ferocissium
Pyracantha angustifolia and P. crenulata
Gorse
Serrated Tussock
Groundsel
Chilean Needle Grass
Honey Locust
Broom Scotch
Tree of Heaven
Green Cestrum
Willows
Broom Cape
Hawthorn
Coolatai Grass
St Johns Wort
African Boxthorn
Firethorn
Cotoneaster
African Lovegrass
Wild Fruit Trees (eg apple)
Giant Parramatta Grass
English Ivy
Fireweed
Blackberry
Narrow Leaf Privet
Broad Leaf Privet
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Kyogle
Tweed
Byron
Richmond
Lismore
Ballina
Clarence
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
B
C**
C*
C*
C*
C*
C*
C*
C*
C*
C
D*
D*
D
D
E
Coffs
Aa
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C*
Aa
Aa
Aa
D
Aa
E
C
D
D
Bellingen
B**
A
B*
Aa
B*
C*
C*
Aa
C**
Aa
Aa
C*
Aa
Aa
C**
B**
Aa
C*
C
C*
D
D
E
E
Nambucca
Kempsey
Hastings
(see Appendix 14 for details of scores)
B**
Aa
B
Aa
B*
C**
C
B*
D
C**
C*
C
B*
B*
B*
B*
D
C
B
C*
E
D
D
D
Tenterfield
A**
B*
Aa
B**
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
C
Aa
C
B*
B*
Aa
B*
B*
C
B*
B*
C*
D*
D
C*
C*
Aa
B*
Aa
C
C**
C*
D*
Aa
D
C**
D
C*
B
C**
C
D
C
D
C*
C*
D*
D
D*
D
A*
B
Aa
C
C*
C**
D*
Aa
D
C*
C
C
B
C**
C*
D
D
C*
C
C*
D
D
D*
D
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
C**
C**
D*
Aa
D
C*
C
C*
B*
C**
D
D
C
D
B**
D**
C**
D
D*
D
Grey shaded column = no tableland landscape in that LGA
Categories: Aa = weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area. Includes noxious and environmental weeds.
A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds on the National Alert List.
B = Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent: a= absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation (Appendix 16). *=weeds with several small infestations. No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Assessment only applies to those portions of each LGA that lie in the Northern Rivers CMA area e.g. the eastern fall for Tenterfield, Glen Innes, Guyra, Armidale, Uralla and Walcha
Eragrostis curvula
Malus domestica
Sporobolus fertilis
Hedera helix
Senecio madagascarensis
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp.
Ligustrum sinense
Ligustrum lucidum
Cotoneaster glaucophyllus, C. franchetii, C. pannosus
Scientific name
Common name
Priority Weeds for Tablelands Landscapes
Glen Innes
Table 4f
Grey shaded column = no (lowland) riparian landscape in that LGA
Categories: Aa = weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area. Includes noxious and environmental weeds.
A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds on the National Alert List.
B = Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent: a= absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation (Appendix 16). *=weeds with several small infestations. No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Scientific name
Common name
Tenterfield
(see Appendix 13 for details of scores)
Glen Innes
Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Riparian Landscapes
Guyra
Table 4e
Armidale
Guyra
Armidale
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Uralla
24
25
A
B*
Aa
Aa
C*
C**
D*
Aa
D
D*
D
C*
B
C**
C*
D
C
C*
C*
D*
D
D
D*
D*
Walcha
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
D
D
E
E
Tabebuia chrysotricha
Schinus terebinthifolius
Triadica sebifera
Pyracantha
Tecoma stans
Celtis sinensis
Cestrum parqui
Cotoneaster
Erythrina crista-galli
Pinus elliottii
Schlefflera actinophylla
Ochna serrulata
Ligustrum sinense
Cinnamomum camphora
Sphagneticola trilobata
Canna indica
Ligustrum lucidum
Bryophyllum spp.
Asparagus aethiopicus
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Hypoestes phyllostachya
Syagrus romanzoffiana
Golden Trumpet Tree
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Chinese Tallow
Firethorn
Yellow Bells
Chinese Celtis
Green Cestrum
Cotoneaster
Cockspur Coral Tree
Slash Pine
Umbrella Tree
Mickey Mouse Plant
Narrow Leaf Privet
Camphor Laurel
Singapore Daisy
Canna Lily
Broad Leaf Privet
Mother of Millions/
Resurrection Plant
Ground Asparagus Fern
Fishbone Fern
Pink Polkadot Plant
Cocos Palm
Tweed
D
D
E*
F
F*
B
D*
A**
B
B
B*
B**
D*
C*
C
D
D
D
C
E
E
D
Byron
E
D
E*
F
F
B
B*
Aa
B
B*
B*
Aa
D*
C*
D
D
D
D
C
D*
E
E
Richmond
D
E
E*
E*
Aa
B*
B*
Aa
B*
B
B
Aa
C*
C*
C
C
C*
C
C
D*
C*
D
Lismore
E
E
E
F
F
B
B*
Aa
B
B
B
Aa
C
C*
D
D
E
D
B
E
E
E
Ballina
D
E
E
E
Aa
B
B**
Aa
B
B**
B*
C*
C*
D*
B
C
C
C*
C
E
C*
E
Clarence
E*
E
E*
F*
F
B*
B**
D*
B*
B**
B
D*
C*
C*
C
D*
D*
E
C*
D*
D
B*
Coffs
D
D
E
F
Aa
B*
B*
C*
B
B
B**
B**
D
D
C
D
D
C
C
D*
C*
D*
Bellingen
E
E
E
F
F
Aa
B*
C**
B
B
B*
C**
C
D
E
D
E
E
D
E
D
E
Nambucca
D
D
D
E
F*
B*
B*
Aa
B
Aa
B*
B*
D*
D*
C*
B
D
E
B
D
D
D
Kempsey
C
D*
C
E*
Aa
Aa
D*
Aa
C*
Aa
B*
C*
C
D*
C*
B
D
C
D*
D**
D
B
Hastings
D*
D*
D*
E*
F*
Aa
Aa
Aa
C
Aa
B**
B*
D*
C*
C*
C
C
C
C*
D*
C*
B
Walcha
Tenterfield
Kyogle
Do the weed species present negatively affect water quality?
Within or immediately adjacent to vegetation of high conservation significance e.g. endangered ecological
community, presence of threatened species etc
Corridor connecting patches of native vegetation?
Land is permanently protected e.g. National Park, Flora Reserve, conservation agreements on private land?
Does the site have a high level of natural resilience? i.e. is the native seed bank still present/ is there native vegetation
nearby for seed dispersal to occur from.
Does the main weed species present currently have a positive effect on native biodiversity? For example, protection
for native fauna from predators, preventing soil erosion
Does the site have the potential to act as a source of weeds that will invade and negatively affect surrounding areas of
environmental, social or economic importance?
Does the site have a direct negative impact on agricultural or horticultural production?
Does the site have a direct negative social impact on adjacent neighbours e.g. human health issues in an urban
situation?
Does the site have a direct negative impact on known indigenous and non indigenous cultural sites?
Does the site have a direct negative impact on public infrastructure and services e.g. bridges, water supplies, rail
tracks?
Does the site have a direct negative impact on community recreational use and amenity? e.g. restricting access to a
river in a public recreation area, clogging up water bodies restricting boating etc
Extension/follow-up of a site that has already been treated?
Table 5. Criteria for prioritising sites
Criteria
Position within catchment/sub-catchment (if riparian)?
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Higher priority Lower priority
Headwaters
Downstream half
(upstream half) or not near
riparian area
Yes
No/Unknown
Yes
No
Realistically, it is impossible to treat every weed infestation in any given area and beyond the scope of this Strategy to document every significant weed
infestation in the Northern Rivers CMA region. Consequently, criteria are required to assist land managers and funding bodies to the prioritise sites. The
following table (Table 5) provides recommendations of criteria that might be used in site assessment for weed control programs. Land managers/funding
bodies should initially choose the criteria that are relevant to the situation (e.g. comparison of environmental weed sites or agricultural weed sites etc) and
then record which attributes are present or absent. The final tally for each site should assist clarification of the comparative importance of various sites.
For greater accuracy, land managers could develop a numbered scoring system if required.
4. What characteristics could be used for prioritising sites?
Grey shaded column = no (lowland) urban landscape in that LGA
Categories: Aa = weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area. Includes noxious and environmental weeds.
A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds on the National Alert List.
B = Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80.
C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent: a= absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation (Appendix 16). *=weeds with several small infestations. No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Aa
B*
B*
B*
B*
B
B
C*
C*
C*
C*
C
C
C
C
D*
D
D
Scientific name
Common name
Glen Innes
(see Appendix 15 for details of scores)
Guyra
Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Urban Landscapes
Armidale
Table 4g
Uralla
26
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
27
28
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
29
Yes
No
Higher priority Lower priority
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Compare areas – if assessing in
terms of likely success of control
measures, smaller areas would score
higher than larger areas.
0-30%
31-100%
Yes
No
Yes
No
Goal 1: Prevent new weed problems (Early Detection)
g. Evaluation of potential invasive species to the catchment: assess
presence of Category A species to the north, west and south of the
NRCMA region. Increase awareness of potential impact of climate
change on weed distribution.
d. Set up a Weed Spotters network involving community members to
assist with early detection
e. Develop a rapid response program for new incursions in the region
(see Appendix 19 for preliminary steps). Ensure compliance with
National Weed Spread Prevention Action Plan and NSW DPI policy
f. Ensure landholders/landcare groups and other stakeholders/land
managers are informed of rapid response program
Action
a. Participate in the nationally coordinated weed alert and early
warning system that is currently being developed as part of the
National Weed Spread Prevention Action Plan.
b. Create and distribute pamphlets with photos describing all Category
A weeds
c. Conduct a series of workshops to assist identification of new weed
species; terrestrial, aquatic and marine
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, Biosecurity Qld
LCAs, NRCMA
LCAs, NSW DPI, DECC, Forests NSW, Australian Rail
Track Corporation
Pamphlet produced within first
two years
Five workshops conducted
within first two years
NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, NSW
DPI
All stakeholders including landholders and landcare
groups. Try to include groups not usually included in weed
identification, groups that explore the environment e.g.
scuba divers, fishing clubs, kayak clubs, conservation
groups, bushwalking clubs.
All stakeholders including local herbaria
Framework and structure
investigated by 2009
Rapid Response protocols
developed and implemented by
2009
Weed officers to organise
distribution of information on
rapid response program by 2010
– perhaps with rates notices?
Potential invasive species in
surrounding regions evaluated
by 2010.
Performance indicators
Communication route
established within network
Stakeholders
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, NSW DPI
Objective 1: No new weed species established in the NRCMA region over the life of this Strategy
Aim: To protect biodiversity, agricultural production and community values by preventing new weed incursions. This targeted area is closely tied to education and
awareness to increase community capacity for early detection.
Weeds have major negative impacts on the economy, the environment, human health and amenity. Prevention of a weed problem is the most cost-effective action
possible. If new weeds are discovered before they are well established, eradication is often possible.
Table 6a.
5.1 Goals, Objectives and Actions
Stakeholders involved in implementing this strategy include: the Northern Rivers CMA, North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee (NCWAC), Mid North
Coast Weeds Advisory Committee (MNCWAC), Northern Inland Weeds Advisory Committee (NIWAC), Local Weed Control Authorities (LCAs),
Department of Environment and Climate Change (DECC), New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI), Livestock Health and Pest
Authorities (LHPAs), Department of Lands (Lands), Forests NSW (SF), Nursery and Garden Industry NSW and ACT (NGINA), Roads and Traffic
Authority (RTA), Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC), Regional Landcare groups, Environmental Training and Employment Inc (EnviTE),
Wetlandcare Australia, bush regenerators and private land managers. See Appendix 17 for an extended list of stakeholders and Appendix 18 for current
organisational structure in relation to weed management.
This strategy encompasses six overall goals in weed management: Each goal has an overall aim, a number of objectives and associated actions (Tables 6a6f). Each action has an associated list of stakeholders who should be involved in its achievement and relevant performance indicators. The implementation
of the actions below will contribute significantly to Management Target B3 BiodiversityThreat Mitigation in the Northern Rivers Catchment Action Plan.
The actions may also contribute to other CAP Management Targets as identified earlier in this Strategy (pgs 14-15).
5. Implementing the Strategy
Percentage of site affected by weeds?
Can the weeds at this site be feasibly reduced or eradicated over a period of time?
Are there opportunities to coordinate with broader weed management programs e.g. gorse eradication program in the
northern rivers CMA area?
Is the funding that would be required to manage this site available?
Criteria
Motivated community group or landholder(s) associated with site?
Early detection situation – presence of regionally significant new and emerging weed species?
Does the site have “high priority weeds” as defined by Category A or B in this Strategy?.
Size of weed infestation
30
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
31
LCAs
i. Implement targeted inspection programs at high risk sites (e.g. along
roadsides and rivers, nurseries, saleyards, markets) for Category A
weeds, particularly near CMA boundaries and near current
infestations
j. Eradicate any new Category A weeds found in region
High risk areas identified by
2010. Annual inspections of
these areas implemented by
2011.
Implement targeted inspection
programs by 2009. Inspect
twenty sites per LCA.
LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
b. Each LGA will identify the Category A weeds present in adjoining
LGAs to maximise surveillance activities
Category A weeds in adjoining
LGAs identified by weed
officers by 2008. All relevant
weed personnel informed of
features used for identification
and given photos in 2008.
Surveillance for these weeds
included in all general
inspection programs by 2009.
Management group established.
Eradicate all standing terrestrial
Category A weeds by 2013,
aquatic Category A weeds by
2018. Five species that are
mostly ranked as B with limited
distribution identified by
management group to be
targeted for eradication in the
NRCMA area by 2013. Report
annually to NCWAC on
progress.
Performance indicators
“Grow me instead” program
established in the NRCMA by
2013. Promotion carried out.
Links established with nurseries
that supply aquatic plants.
Native aquatic species included
in “Grow me instead” program.
Write media release on native
aquatics suitable for garden
ponds by 2010. More nurseries
selling native plants.
At least two media releases
across the NRCMA region
by 2013.
Florists included in annual
inspection programs of LCAs.
Information provided to florists.
Disseminate information
NGINA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, nurseries
NGINA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, nurseries
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, florists
g. Promote awareness amongst florists regarding not utilising plant
material that may grow vegetatively or by seed if not safely disposed of
by customers.
h. Encourage retail outlets to source plants from reputable dealers only
NGINA
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs
f. Create more media coverage of weed impacts from garden escapes
and illegal dumping
NGINA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs
LCAs
b. Carry out regular inspections of retail outlets
c. Develop links with the Nursery & Garden Industry of NSW & ACT
Ltd (NGINA)
d. Promote the planting of non-invasive species in gardens. Promote the
“Grow me instead” program and the Bushland Friendly Nursery
Scheme. Promotion could be carried out at shopping centres, markets,
fetes, agricultural shows, field days etc. Distribute information to
Hardware chains and supermarkets that sell plants and landscape
contractors.
e. Encourage nurseries to explore native aquatic plants that are suitable
for ponds and water features. Currently it is very difficult to obtain
native aquatic plants from retail outlets.
Performance indicators
Information on noxious weeds
distributed to nursery, garden
industry and aquatic retailers by
2009.
Regular inspections of retail
outlets are carried out on all
premises Inspections and
outcomes are reported
separately to other property
inspections at NCWAC
meetings.
Links developed with NGINA.
Stakeholders
LCAs, NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
Action
a. Provide nursery, garden industry and aquarium retailers with current
noxious weeds and non-saleable (Class 5) weeds list (Appendix 6).
Objective 3: Increased collaboration with retail industry and gardeners to limit potential weed introductions and spread of weeds
NCWAC, NRCMA, LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, NSW
DPI, local landcare groups, landholders
Stakeholders
a. Set up management group.
Using the distributional data collected for this Strategy, identify weed
species that are categorised as A or B that are present in only a few
LGAs and target them for eradication within 5 years where appropriate
e.g. gorse (Appendix 19), hymenachne. Even though a particular
infestation may not be spreading in a particular climate, it is still
potentially source material for new infestations elsewhere.
Action
Objective 2: No spread of Category A or B weeds from one Local Government Area to another during the life of this Strategy
LCAs, CMA, NSW DPI
NCWAC, LCAs, NSW DPI, Australian Rail Track
Corporation, local airports.
h. Identify high risk areas where Category A weeds may invade the
region from adjoining areas and co-ordinate annual inspections of
these areas
32
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
33
Goal 2: Reduce the Impact of Existing Weeds
LCAs
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs
Information on weeds that are
spread on livestock distributed.
Presence of protocol
determined.
Links created.
Information on potential for
weed spread through the mail
publicised.
Weed contacts provided to post
office workers.
One media release per local
government area by 2013
Links developed.
Weed pamphlets distributed.
Weed posters provided to
market and fete organisers.
Each LCA inspects each known
regular community market at
least once annually
Links created.
Information on weedy garden
ornamentals distributed.
Links created.
Performance indicators
a. Identify and prioritise weeds in the NRCMA region
b. Establish the current distribution of priority weeds in the NRCMA
region. This strategy has achieved this action in a broad fashion
however for increased accuracy a central mapping system needs to be
established whereby all registered weed practitioners can enter
distributional data using GPS points (with dates) for all weed species
and any registered participant in the scheme can access these dot point
Action
Stakeholders
All stakeholders
NCWAC, LCAs and all stakeholders
Objective 1: Increase the number of coordinated programs to reduce existing weed problems
Publication of this Strategy
At least one workshop held
including stakeholders from
across entire NRCMA region to
discuss centralised mapping
system. Initial framework
determined.
Performance indicators
Aim: To reduce the impact of existing weeds by expanding the network of stakeholders that are involved in weed management and also by increasing the number and
effectiveness of weed management programs.
Table 6b.
f. Inspections of community markets and fetes to detect the sale of
noxious and environmental weeds
d. Create media coverage of the illegal import of potential weeds
through internet purchasing
e. Develop links with organisers of community markets and fetes to
increase awareness of potential weed spread from sales of plants by
backyard growers
NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs,
Australia Post
Livestock carriers, LHPA
NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs,
b. Develop links with livestock transport companies to promote a
greater awareness of the potential for weed spread when weed seeds
(burrs) are caught on the fur of animals. Investigate whether there is an
identification, reporting and control protocol in place where burrs are
observed.
c. Develop links with local Australia Post offices to promote an
awareness of the potential for weed spread in packages as live plants are
often sent through the mail within Australia. Provide Post office
workers with contacts if assistance is required for plant ID.
NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs,
Removalists, transport companies
Stakeholders
a. Develop links with removalist and freight companies to promote an
awareness of the potential for weed spread as potted plants
Action
Objective 5. Increased collaboration with other industries and community groups to limit potential weed introductions and spread of weeds
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs
c. Create more media coverage, particularly in farming newspapers,
magazines and newsletters of various growers groups of weed impacts
from weedy pasture species and food crops, also weed incursions from
contaminated seed or fodder.
d. Encourage the reporting of new incursions of category A weeds to
LCAs
New incursions reported.
Reporting of new incursions
recorded and reported to
NCWAC meetings.
NRCMA, NCWAC, NSW DPI, MNCWAC, NIWAC,
LCAs, primary producer groups, organic growers groups
NRCMA, NCWAC, NSW DPI, MNCWAC, NIWAC,
LCAs, primary producer groups, organic growers groups
Performance indicators
Links developed.
Larger number of primary
producers subscribing to the
“Weed Read” newsletter.
At least one representative of a
primary producers group
attending each WAC meeting
by 2010.
Awareness improved.
Alternatives promoted. “Grow
me instead” program could
include one or two weedy food
crops such as Cherry Guava,
Taro & promote alternatives.
At least two media releases
across the NRCMA region
by 2013.
Stakeholders
NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, primary
producers groups, organic growers groups
b. Promote an awareness of potentially weedy pasture species or food
crops and promote alternatives
a. Develop links with primary producer groups, including pastoralists
and organic growers, backyard growers
Action
Objective 4: Increased collaboration with primary producers to limit potential weed introductions and spread of weeds
34
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
35
LCAs, DECC, NRCMA, Landcare groups
g. Establish collaborative partnerships to assist identification of sites of
high biodiversity where weed control programs would provide
significant environmental benefits. This would be an adjunct to other
programs described in this Strategy.
h. Reduce impacts of existing weeds on biodiversity
LCAs
LCAs
Weed information packs
developed for new landholders
by 2010. Method of distribution
determined (rates notices?).
Inspection procedures
developed and implemented.
Weed issues included in the
State of the Environment Report
and Local Environmental Plans.
Weed management programs
monitored, reviewed and
reported on at WAC meetings
and to other relevant bodies.
Other Strategies and plans
reviewed. Comments from
stakeholders incorporated into
Strategy to ensure
complementary to other plans
and Strategies.
Linear weed management
programs developed.
Biological control programs
implemented.
At least one school from each
LGA area involved in the Weed
Warriors program by 2013.
National Lantana Threat
Abatement Plan.
Potential sleeper weeds are
identified and monitored in each
LGA. If any species shows
signs of beginning to rapidly
spread, a rapid response
program is implemented.
Implementation of Bitou Bush
Threat Abatement Plan and
other forthcoming Threat
Abatement Plans including the
Weed management plans
developed for the whole
NRCMA region for all
Category A weeds and the five
weed species mostly ranked as
category B chosen for
eradication by the management
group (goal 1, objective 2a) by
2009.
Management group established.
Report annually to NCWAC on
progress. All standing plants of
Category A weeds (except
aquatic) eradicated by 2013.
Infestation size of aquatic
Category A weeds significantly
reduced.
Projects developed. Appropriate
funding allocated.
Category B and C weeds are
suppressed and destroyed.
Projects developed.
Appropriate funding allocated.
Category D and E weeds are
strategically managed.
Identification of sites
Sleeper weed: non-native plants that have naturalised but are believed to have not yet reached their potential to form large and widespread populations in Australia, despite being
naturalised for some years. These plants may appear benign for many years and then spread rapidly e.g. Coolatai Grass.
7
p. Develop and implement a policy for inspection procedures for private
property and roadsides
q. Encourage the State of the Environment Report and Local
Environmental Plans to include weed issues
LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, Landcare groups, all
relevant stakeholders
NSW DPI, LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, Landcare groups,
all relevant stakeholders
LCAs, NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, local
schools, Landcare, other relevant community groups
l. Where appropriate, develop collaborative linear weed management
programs including private and public lands (eg along rivers)
m. Implement biological control programs for widespread weeds when
agents are available i.e. cats claw creeper, lantana, salvinia, bitou bush
n. Support and encourage the involvement of local schools in the
National Weed Warriors program in which students collaborate with
land managers and community groups and rear biological control agents
in the classroom for release on local weed infestations.
o. Develop Weed Information Packs and distribute to new landholders
in the catchment
LCAs
NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, NSW DPI
All stakeholders
j. Monitor, review and report on implementation of weed management
programs
k. Ensure Strategy complements plans and strategies in adjoining
regions
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAS, DECC
i. Identify, detect and monitor sleeper7 weeds.
Links to CAP Management Target LUP4-Natural Resource Integration
LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, Australian Rail Track
Corporation, Landcare Groups, Lands, Land Councils,
private landholders
f. Develop projects and seek funding to strategically manage category D
and E weeds in the region. Develop and implement best management
practice Guides for Class 4 weeds.
6
LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, Australian Rail Track
Corporation, Landcare Groups, Lands, Land Councils,
private landholders
e. Develop projects and seek funding to continuously suppress and
destroy category B and C weeds in the region.
LCAs, DECC, NRCMA Landcare groups, all relevant
stakeholders
LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, NSW DPI, Australian Rail
Track Corporation, Landcare Groups, Lands, Land
Councils, private landholders
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs
d. Eradicate standing plants of Category A weeds in all landscapes
except Aquatic in the NRCMA region by 2013. Significantly reduce
infestations of Category A weeds in the Aquatic landscape, working
towards eradication in the long-term. Set up a management group to
assist with this program.
maps. This will allow a much more coordinated, accurate and efficient
approach to weed management across the region6.
Investigate adopting the core attributes of WoNS mapping as a standard
for mapping weeds in the NRCMA region.
c. Develop and implement weed management plans for priority weeds
for the whole NRCMA region in consultation with stakeholders
36
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
37
Development of alternative
integrated weed management
techniques supported.
Innovative methods featured in
“Weed Read” (at least one
annually) and promoted at
WAC meetings.
Innovative methods
demonstrated to the public at at
least one field day annually.
Development of sustainable
uses of weed waste supported.
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, nurseries,
Landcare, NRCMA
NRCMA, NSW DPI, LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC,
NIWAC, DECC, Forests NSW, bush regeneration groups,
landcare groups, landholders, nurseries, horticulturalists,
viticulturalists, landscape designers, growers groups
NCWAC
w. Undertake evaluation of the weeds listed in the Appendix of this
strategy that were not evaluated due to time limitations and include
them in the ranked lists for each LGA. Include in next Strategy.
x. Create incentives for landholders to control weeds on private land eg
free trees for Camphor Laurel, Celtis or Broad Leaf Pepper
replacement. Create other innovative incentives! e.g. free native water
lilies if Water Hyacinth, Salvinia, Water Lettuce or Yellow Water Lily
removed?
y. Support the development/implementation of alternative integrated
weed management techniques since for some species continual spraying
alone is ineffective (e.g. kudzu) and in some locations, spraying is
inappropriate. Examples include mechanical harvesting of aquatic
weeds, underwater vacuums for aquatic weeds, weed mat placed
directly on small infestations, EcoCover recycled paper mulch mat for
orchards, vineyards, crops and nurseries. Encourage landholders to be
innovative e.g. using stock strategically with electric fencing to reduce
spread of some weeds. Advertise and demonstrate innovative methods
at field days.
z. Support the development of sustainable uses of weed waste (whilst
ensuring hygiene) e.g. composted aquatic weeds for mulch, camphor
LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
DECC, LCAs, Landcare groups, bushwalking groups
a. All agencies/contractors to develop and implement machinery
hygiene protocol. Develop standardised procedure in a workshop,
perhaps as an adjunct session at the 2008 Weed Forum.
Action
Stakeholders
All stakeholders
Objective 2: Increase the use of hygienic practices to prevent the introduction and spread of weeds
aa. Develop community “adventures” to carry out specific annual weed
tasks similar to the DECC “Great Grose Gorse Walk” in the Blue
Mountains west of Sydney which attracts up to 120 volunteers for an
annual 50km walk targeting gorse, scotch broom, pampas & blackberry.
Stakeholders could initiate programs like this including wilderness
walks, boat trips and kayak trips. Promote within Sydney and Brisbane
conservation networks to increase the number of participants.
bb. Promote Weed inspections to become one of the standard
inspections carried out during the sale of property. The presence of
Noxious Weeds can have financial implications for a new owner.
Clarify procedure and standards. Investigate implementation of weed
inspections and control prior to subdivision of land.
laurel for timber or biofuel (by sugar mills), weeds with large biomass
for pyrolysis to create agrichar for soil improvement/carbon
sequestration. Create links with local council waste services for
information on methods of composting/sterilisation and how the
community can acquire the end product.
LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, NSW DPI
v. Assist landholders/groups to manage weeds by providing technical
advice and where possible, support e.g. hiring out wick wipers and
lending tree injector kits.
NRCMA, NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC,
LCAs
NRCMA, LCAs, Land Councils, DECC, Landcare
Groups, Indigenous Green Teams
u. Encourage indigenous green team participation in weed control, bush
regeneration and ecological restoration programs
Workshop held.
Standardised machinery
hygiene protocol developed.
Protocol distributed.
Machinery hygiene protocol
implemented by all agencies
and contractors by 2013.
Performance indicators
Weed inspections promoted to
conveyancers, real estate agents
and the public as an inspection
that should become standard
during purchase of property.
Procedure and standards
clarified by 2010.
Implementation of weed
inspections and control prior to
subdivision of land investigated.
Media releases written
(at least two by 2013).
Links created with local council
waste services.
Information distributed to
public.
Community weed “adventures”
developed (at least two by
2013).
Promotion carried out.
Incentives created for
landholders to control weeds.
At least one new incentive
program by 2009.
NRCMA, LCAs, property planning trainers
s. Encourage planning for weed management in all aspects of property
planning (including Property Vegetation Plans)
t. Support weed management research projects and bio-control
programs
All stakeholders
Increased contact and coordination with WoNS coordinators.
At least one article focussed on
a WoNS weed annually in
“Weed Read”.
Greater inclusion of weed issues
in Property Planning.
Weed management research
projects and bio-control
programs supported.
Increased participation by
indigenous green teams in weed
control, bush regeneration and
ecological restoration programs.
Technical advice provided to
landholders/groups.
Support provided to
landholders/groups.
Workshop held to evaluate
additional weeds by 2013.
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, DECC, Forests
NSW, WoNS co-ordinators
r. Increase co-ordination with WoNS co-ordinators to implement
programs working towards eradication of WoNS species with only a
few infestations in the NRCMA region e.g. Gorse (see Appendix 19)
38
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
39
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, recreational clubs
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, produce stores
LCAs
LCAs
NRCMA, LCAS, Registered training organisations, NSW
DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, growers groups,
recreational clubs, all stakeholders
All relevant industry bodies
LCAS, NSW DPI, DECC
Links developed.
Hygienic practices promoted.
Potential pathways for weed
spread assessed.
Gap analysis of awareness of
hygienic practices carried out.
Information dispersed to private
landholders about hygienic
practices.
Targeted inspection program
undertaken.
Targeted inspection program
undertaken.
Links developed.
New methods of increasing
machinery hygiene investigated
and where possible, adopted.
Industry Codes updated.
a. All field sites should be regularly monitored to examine the degree of
success of each control program. Site data should be collected,
including, at the least, main weed species present, habitat, extent of
weed area and area controlled. Sites should be re-visited at least
annually, if not bi-annually to monitor extent, degree of re-infestation,
seedling germination etc. Monitoring could occur during other targeted
activities in the area.
b. Compile data on weed seed longevity to provide resource for weed
practitioners to enable them to determine the duration of follow up
monitoring required at any site after mature plants of a particular
species have been removed.
Action
Site data collected.
Sites re-visited at least annually
for monitoring.
Data compiled on weed seed
longevity by 2010.
Document produced by 2011
and dispersed to all
NCWAC, NRCMA, Alan Fletcher Research Station (Qld
DPI &F)
Stakeholders
LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, Landcare groups, private
landholders, Indigenous Green Teams
Performance indicators
Weed management linked to other
CMA targets.
NRCMA, NCWAC, LCAs
LCAs, NSW DPI, NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC,
NIWAC
NRCMA, NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC,
LCAs, Landcare groups, organic growers organisations
e.g. CROPO
Use of sustainable land
management practices in relation
to weed management promoted.
Pamphlets produced.
At least two workshops by 2013.
Integrated weed management
promoted.
Importance of weed control
promoted to organic producers.
Information on non-chemical
methods of weed control
disseminated.
Performance indicators
NRCMA, NSW DPI, Registered training organisations,
LCAs, Landcare
Stakeholders
Objective 4: Establish regular monitoring and evaluation of weed control programs
c. Promote importance of weed control to organic producers and
landholders with chemical sensitivities or other reasons that preclude
chemical use. Provide information on alternative methods of weed
control specific for each species (even if often labour intensive e.g.
“rootblade” for digging out lantana). Methods including grazing, adding
fertilizer, weed mat, digging, hot water for some small annuals, nets for
small infestations of floating aquatic weeds, mechanical harvesters.
d. Link weed management with other CMA targets (such as riparian
restoration programs)
a. Promote the use of sustainable land use practices (incorporating
grazing management, maintaining ground cover, pasture management,
appropriate land use, riparian zone management, selection of fruit trees
and crops) linking this in with weed management. Produce pamphlets
and conduct workshops.
b. Promote the use of integrated weed management.
Action
Objective 3: Link weed management to sustainable land use
Pathways: the means by which weed propagules (seeds or vegetative material) move including air, surface water, ground water, plants, animals and humans carrying out a variety of
employment related and recreational activities
8
h. Develop links with produce stores to reduce weed spread in livestock
feed such as hay
i. Develop links with recreational groups such as endurance horse riding
groups, four wheel drive clubs and fishing clubs to promote practices
that reduce the spread of weeds
f. Undertake targeted inspection program on soil, gravel and fill
distribution points.
g. Undertake targeted inspection programs at boat ramps.
b. Investigate and adopt new methods of increasing machinery hygiene
e.g. blower underneath slashers to prevent spread of weed seeds along
roadsides
c. Update industry codes of practice to reflect the requirements of the
Noxious Weeds Act 1993
d. Conduct a comprehensive assessment of potential pathways8 for
weed spread and carry out gap analysis of awareness of hygienic
practices, particularly in groups not traditionally involved in weed
networks such as recreational groups
e. Educate and encourage private landholders to adopt hygienic
practices to prevent introduction and dispersal of weeds.
40
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
41
Data on weed control programs
on WoNS species across the
NRCMA region compiled
annually. Annual
reporting to relevant WoNS coordinators about achievements.
First steps taken towards
developing a user-friendly
standard reporting system.
LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWC, NIWAC
LCAs, DECC, Landcare, Bush regenerators
NCWAC, NRCMA, LCAs, NSW DPI
NCWAC, NRCMA, LCAs, NSW DPI
LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, Landcare groups
One workshop. Funds obtained
for development.
Effective performance
indicators for weed control
programs determined.
DECC/NSW DPI monitoring
protocols trialled at at least
three sites per LCA area by
2010.
Success and failures of weed
control methods documented.
Information presented at WAC
meetings, and where
appropriate, in the “Weed
Read”.
Results presented to regional
weed conferences and at field
days.
LCAs, Landcare co-ordinators, NCWAC, MNCWAC,
NIWAC
LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, Landcare co-ordinators,
Landcare groups, private landholders
Initial steps towards
establishment of regional weed
mapping system.
“Eradicated” sites visited at
least annually.
Calenders developed by each
LGA by 2008 for re-inspecting
“eradicated” sites.
LCAs, Landcare co-ordinators, NCWAC, MNCWAC,
NIWAC, DECC, NSW DPI
NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, CMA, DECC,
LCAs
h. Ensure that the community are provided with regular updates (good
news stories) on the implementation of this Strategy.
f. Develop a database of stakeholders for distribution of specific weed
information
g. Weed practitioners provide regular updates to the general public on
weed management programs
c. Develop a database for media distribution including local
newspapers, farmer’s bulletins, grower’s newsletters etc. Update this
database annually.
d. Utilise these media outlets to raise the profile of weed issues
e. Publish and maintain a list of Weed Practitioners in all LGAs
Actions
a. Establish links with key contacts involved in the Australian Weed
Strategy for communicating with stakeholders and engaging them in
weed management
b. Develop and implement a communication strategy
Communication strategy
developed
Media distribution database
developed by 2009.
Media outlets utilised.
List of all Weed Practitioners
In the NRCMA region
compiled and maintained.
Database of stakeholders
compiled.
Regular updates on weed
management issues provided
to the public.
Regular updates on the
implementation of this
Strategy provided to the
public.
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, NSW DPI
NCWAC, LCAs, MNCWAC, NIWAC, NRCMA
NCWAC, LCAs
NCWAC, NRCMA
LCAs, DECC, Forests NSW, Landcare, Dunecare
NCWAC
NCWAC
Performance indicators
Links established
Stakeholders
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, NSW DPI
Objective 1: Develop effective communication networks to disseminate information throughout the community
Table 6c.
Goal 3: Increase Awareness, Education and Training
Aim: To have a well informed, well resourced, wide network of people involved in weed management in the NRCMA region
targets and allow collation of data to a single website. (See Appendix
20 for preliminary steps).
j. In conjunction with i), determine effective performance indicators for
reporting such as % site controlled/absence for xx number of years.
Determine performance indicators for Biodiversity Threat mitigation.
k. In addition to i. and j above, at a subset of high conservation value
sites, trial using the monitoring protocols currently being developed by
DECC/NSW DPI
i. Develop a user-friendly standard reporting system for weed
practitioners to report site descriptions and performance to the CMA.
The system would catalogue actions, record contributions to CAP
e. Sites considered “eradicated” should be re-visited at least once/year
for 5 years (or time length appropriate for each species depending on
dormancy characteristics) to check for any re-emergence. Each LGA
could create a “calendar” listing specific locations that require reinspection each year. For roadsides, monitoring could occur during
other targeted activities such as guard rail spraying.
f. Data on weed control methods and relative success/failures should be
documented and incorporated into publications on control of specific
weed species. Documenting unsuccessful methods and distributing this
information amongst the weed network should be considered very
important to improve efficiency in the future and provide cost savings
for other groups.
g. Weed practitioners should present results of weed control programs
to regional weed conferences and field days explaining successes and
failures to assist the development of adaptive weed control programs in
other areas
h. Implement annual reporting to WoNS co-ordinators on results of
control programs for WoNS weed species/funds utilised.
c. Develop a regional weed mapping program that all weed practitioners
can access to add distributional data on each weed species and examine
changes in distribution (success of control measures) over time. Initiate
preliminary workshop with stakeholders from the entire NRCMA
region workshop to discuss how this could proceed. Investigate using
core attributes of WoNS mapping as the standard.
d. GPS dot points (and dates) for each weed species detected should be
added to the regional mapping system, once established.
stakeholders with
recommendations about
duration of follow-up
monitoring required for various
weed species.
Preliminary workshop
conducted on regional weed
mapping. Initial framework
established.
42
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
43
NRCMA, LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, NSW DPI
b. Support the development of additional programs such as “Weed
Spotters” for early detection
c. Provide resources and personnel to run programs
LCAs, NSW DPI, NRCMA, Landcare groups
e. Inform community on how they can assist and contribute to weed
management
f. Invite community leaders to key events addressing weed management
Exchange field days held at
least every two years.
Weed management integrated
into other natural resource
MNCWAC, NIWAC, NCWAC, LCAs
NSW DPI
NSW DPI, LCAs, Landcare groups, Research groups
Early detection workshops
held.
NRCMA, NSW DPI, LCAs, Landcare groups, primary
producers groups, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
management training
programs
Field days for landholders
held at least every two years
for each LGA.
At least two training courses
provided per year for weed
practitioners.
LCAs, NSW DPI
“Grow me instead” program
established in NRCMA
region.
“Weed Warriors” encouraged.
Development of “Weed
Spotters” network supported.
Resources and personnel
contributed to programs,
within budgetary constraints.
“Weed Buster Week”
supported. Stalls to promote
weed management issues and
identify weeds set up in local
shopping centres.
Community provided with
information.
Community leaders invited to
address key events in weed
management.
LCAs, NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC.
h. Publicise the NSW DPI weed information hotline and the DPI weed
fact sheets (available online). www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/weeds
LCAs, NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC,
Landcare groups
f. Provide information on non-chemical methods of weed control
specific for priority species in the region (even if often labour intensive
e.g. “rootblade” for digging out lantana). Methods might include
grazing, adding fertilizer, weed mat, digging, hot water for some small
annuals, nets for small infestations of floating water weeds, mechanical
harvesters. Initially target distribution to organic growers groups,
residents with chemical sensitivities, landcare groups.
g. Provide information and technical advice to landholders on related
issues such as soil testing, pasture management
NSW DPI, LCAs, NRCMA, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
LCAs, NSW DPI
LCAs
e. Provide integrated weed management material to landholders during
property inspections
Information provided on
related issues such as pasture
management
NSW DPI website and fact
sheets publicised in “Weed
Read” and field days, Weed
buster stalls etc
Weed management material
produced for the media.
Integrated weed management
material produced for the
community.
Integrated weed management
material provided to
landholders during property
inspections.
Information provided on nonchemical methods of control
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, NRCMA, NSW DPI
b. Develop and distribute pamphlets with photos of weeds that are not
yet present or only present to a very limited extent for an early detection
program
c. Produce weed management material for the media and other relevant
publications
d. Produce integrated weed management material for the community to
be distributed through the communication network
NCWAC, LCAs, NSW DPI, MNCWAC, NIWAC,
Landcare groups.
Regional weed identification
guides distributed by 2013
Pamphlets distributed.
Performance indicators
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, NRCMA, NSW DPI
Stakeholders
a. Develop and distribute regional weed identification guides
Action
Objective 4: Provide educational resources to the community on weeds and encourage involvement in weed management
e. Run field days to educate landholders on best practice weed
management
a. Provide training to maintain and increase weed officer skills in
identification and management of specific weeds and to promote new
ideas for management. Topics that were identified by stakeholders to
require increased training include ID of grass species, environmental
weed species and aquatic species.
b. Provide early detection workshops to increase weed identification
skills for new weeds for weed practitioners and all interested members
of the community
c. Set up exchange field days in the three Weed Advisory Committee
areas where weed officers are shown weeds in neighbouring WAC
areas that are a potential future threat.
d. Integrate weed management into other relevant NRM training
programs
Objective 3: Provide regular training opportunities to all stakeholders in weed management
LCAs, NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
All stakeholders
d. Support national initiatives that raise the profile of weed management
such as “Weed Buster Week”
NRCMA, LCAs, NSW DPI, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
NRCMA, LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, NSW DPI
a. Develop and use existing programs such as “Weed Warriors”, “Bush
Friendly Nursery Scheme”, “Grow me instead” to raise the profile of
weed issues
Objective 2: Increase the number of programs conducted that raise the awareness of the impact of weeds and alternatives that can be grown
44
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
45
Stakeholders and contacts
identified
Increased stakeholder
participation at WAC
meetings.
Joint funding submissions
developed.
Cross-regional collaborative
opportunities investigated.
Links with National Weed
Programs increased.
NCWAC
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
NRCMA & all stakeholders
NRCMA & adjoining CMAs
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC, LCAs, DECC
LCAs
b. Develop and implement a clearly defined policy on inspection
procedures for private property and roadsides ensuring compliance
with the NSW Noxious Weeds Act 1993
LCAs
Stakeholders
Actions
a. Ensure that all LCAs continue to employ a competent Weed
Officer to enforce the Noxious Weeds Act.
Each LCA has at least one
competent Weeds Officer
employed to enforce the
Noxious Weeds Act
Policy developed and
implemented.
Objective 1: To ensure that all LCAs have consistent, active weeds policies and procedures to enforce the Noxious Weeds Act 1993
Table 6e.
Goal 5: Enhance the use of Legislation and Enforcement
Aim: To use the Noxious Weeds Act 1993 and other relevant legislation consistently and effectively
a. Identify all stakeholders and appropriate contacts and
representatives. The initial part of this process has been achieved in
this Strategy.
b. Maintain and strengthen regional weeds advisory committees
(NCWAC, NIWAC, MNCWAC) with attendance at meetings of
regional on-ground staff from all major stakeholders in weed
management. Invite participation from groups not traditionally
involved.
c. Develop joint funding submissions for priority weeds within and
across the whole NRCMA region. Involve neighbouring CMA
regions where possible.
d. CMAs to consult with each other on weed issues regarding
Catchment Action Plans and investment strategies and to
investigate cross-regional collaborative opportunities.
e. Increase links with National Programs for managing priority
weeds and weed problems
Weeds Field Trip, Casino Photo: Royce Holtkamp
LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
Information distributed to real
estate agents on implications
of noxious weeds for
purchasers of property.
Community awareness of
Class 5 weeds increased.
Annual awards for
achievements in weed
management instigated 2009
Legal obligations published
and distributed to all land
managers
Information disseminated to
conveyancers in all LGAs.
Table 6d.
Goal 4: Improve Weed Management Coordination
Aim: To manage the weed issues of the NRCMA region in a cooperative and coordinated manner
Objective 1: Build and maintain communication networks between and within CMAs, LCAs and regional weed advisory committees to
improve coordination
Action
Stakeholders
Performance indicators
Weeds Forum, Nambucca 2008 Photo: Meri Oakwood
l. Increase community awareness of the Class 5 weeds and that these
species must not be sold or moved (Appendix 6)
m. Recognise and award individual and community achievements in
weed management
LCAs, NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
j. Educate conveyancers that property searches on behalf of potential
buyers should include searches for any notices served under section 603
Local Government Act and Section 64 Noxious Weeds Act. Weed
inspections during property sale should become standard as are pest and
building inspections.
k. Educate Real Estate Agents on the financial implications for potential
buyers if noxious weeds are present on any properties that are for sale.
LCAs
LCAs
i. Publish and distribute legal obligations to all land managers
46
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
47
LCAs, NSW DPI
LCAs
g. Promote rapid declaration of new weeds when necessary
h. Alter local government legislation to ensure that approval for
property subdivision is not granted until Noxious Weeds have been
controlled.
Aerial spot spraying of bitou bush at Woolgoolga Photo: Barry Powells
e. Review Weed Rankings every two years to include changes in
distribution and rate of spread and to include new weeds.
Consider utilising a localised version of the Australian Aquatic
Weed Risk Assessment process for assessing aquatic weeds.
f. Put in place a procedure whereby a new incursion of a high risk
weed to the NRCMA region can be rapidly assessed and
incorporated into the weed ranking system
g. Review Strategy every five years
h. Include Lord Howe Island in the next Strategy
Strategy reviewed in 2013
Lord Howe Island included in
next Strategy
NCWAC, NIWAC, MNCWAC
NCWAC, NRCMA
Salvina at Grafton Ag Station Photo: Meri Oakwood
Procedure developed for rapid
assessment by 2009.
Panel formed.
Meetings held annually.
Successes of the Strategy
reported to the Community
Weed Rankings reviewed
every two years.
Funding received to
implement various
components of the Strategy
Reports provided at quarterly
NCWAC meeting
Performance indicators
NCWAC, NIWAC, MNCWAC, LCAs
NCWAC, NIWAC, MNCWAC
NCWAC, NIWAC, MNCWAC, LCAs, NRCMA
NCWAC, NIWAC, MNCWAC
NCWAC, NIWAC, MNCWAC
b. Reporting from agencies on the implementation of this strategy
(at NCWAC meetings every three months).
c. Form a “Planning, implementation and review” panel to meet
annually to monitor the progress of the Strategy
d. Report successes of the Strategy to the Community
All stakeholders
Stakeholders
a. Seek funding to implement the various components of the
Strategy
Actions
Objective 1: Ensure stakeholders are committed to implementing and monitoring this strategy
Table 6f.
Goal 6: Improve Monitoring and Evaluation of the Strategy
Aim: To ensure that this Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy is implemented and remains a relevant
working document
LCAs, NSW DPI, NWAC
Targeted inspection programs
implemented on private
property and roadsides
Noxious weeds lists are
reviewed. Recommendations
are made to NWAC (often by
NSW DPI) who then make
recommendations to the
Minister. Ensure consistent
noxious weed declarations
across groups of councils
Rapid declarations of new
weeds carried out, where
appropriate.
Representations made
suggesting alteration to local
government legislation.
LCAs
f. Review declarations as required, particularly where a declaration
will significantly improve the control of a new weed species
Strategic inspection programs
undertaken at high risk sites
LCAs
d. Undertake strategic inspection programs, surveying high risk
sites for new weed incursions e.g. Aquatic weeds early detection
program.
e. Implement targeted inspection programs on private property and
roadsides
Consistent policy on
enforcement of the Noxious
Weeds Act facilitated.
LCAs
c. Facilitate consistent policy on enforcement of the Noxious Weeds
Act, particularly for those species in Category A, B and C
6. Relevant Legislation
5.2 Principal implementing committees
A wide range of legislation needs to be taken into account during the implementation of weed
management (Table 7). Control methods may require alteration at different sites to comply with relevant
legislation e.g. riparian zones
NSW North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee
The North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee is the leading organisation for weed management in
the north coast region, comprising all key stakeholders involved in weed control from the Queensland
border to the Nambucca Shire. This committee, originally known as the North East Noxious Weeds
Committee, was formed in 1990 with the initial purpose of producing Giant Parramatta Grass awareness
campaigns. The committee now has much broader interests encompassing noxious, environmental and
agricultural weeds. The mission statement of the committee is “To protect and promote agricultural,
community and environmental sustainability on the north coast of NSW by promoting and co-ordinating
noxious, agricultural and environmental weed awareness and control in the community at large.”
Membership of the committee includes Far North Coast County Council (trading as Far North Coast
Weeds), Clarence Valley Council, Coffs Harbour City Council, Bellingen Shire Council, Nambucca Shire
Council, NSW DPI (Agriculture and Fisheries), Department of Environment and Climate Change
(NPWS), NSW DPI (Forests), Department Lands, Rural Lands Protection Boards, Northern Rivers CMA,
Australian Rail Track Corporation, Country Energy, NSW Farmers Association, Queensland Natural
Resources and Mines, Nursery and Garden Industry Association , North Coast Environmental Council,
Northern Rivers Landcare network and Local Aboriginal Land Councils.
Table 7. Legislation impacting on weed management.
Level of legislation Legislation/Policy
International
Commonwealth
Environment Protection and Biodiversity
Conservation Act 1999
Northern Inland Weeds Advisory Committee
The Northern Inland Weeds Advisory Committee is the leading organisation for weed management
in the New England and North West Slopes regions of NSW, comprising all key stakeholders involved in
weed control on the New England Tablelands north to the Queensland border, the North West Slopes and
Plains west to Moree, and south to the Upper Hunter shire. This includes parts of the Namoi, BorderRivers Gwydir, Northern Rivers and Hunter catchments, encompassing some 100,000 ha of land. The
committee was formed in 2003 following the amalgamation of the Namoi/Gwydir Weed Advisory
Committee and New England Weed Advisory Committee. NIWAC has interests encompassing noxious,
environmental and agricultural weeds with the ultimate aim being to promote the awareness and
coordinated control of noxious, environmental and emerging weeds across the region. Membership of the
committee includes Moree Plains Shire Council, Inverell Shire Council, Tenterfield Shire Council, Glen
Innes Severn Council, New England Tablelands Noxious Plants County Council (trading as New England
Weeds Authority), Gwydir Shire Council, Tamworth Regional Council, Gunnedah Shire Council,
Liverpool Plains Shire Council, Upper Hunter County Council (trading as Upper Hunter Weeds
Authority), NSW DPI (Agriculture and Fisheries), Department of Environment and Climate Change
(NPWS), NSW DPI (Forests), Department Lands, Rural Lands Protection Boards, Northern Rivers CMA,
Namoi CMA, Border Rivers/Gwydir CMA, Australian Rail Track Corporation, Country Energy, NSW
Farmers Association, Queensland Natural Resources and Mines, Nursery and Garden Industry
Association, various Landcare networks and Local Aboriginal Land Councils.
State
Mid North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee
The Mid North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee was established in 1997 following consideration
of the issues raised in the NSW Weed Strategy. The committee provides a regular forum for discussion
and resolution of weed issues amongst members and facilitates the development of strategies, policies and
plans arising out of consultation between members and the community. The area covered by the
MNCWAC extends from Eungai Rail to Karuah and membership of the Committee includes Kempsey
Shire Council, Port Macquarie/Hastings Council, Greater Taree City Council, Great Lakes Council,
Gloucester Shire Council, NSW DPI (Forests), NSW DPI (Agriculture and Fisheries), Department Lands,
Rural Lands Protection Boards, Australian Rail Track Corporation, Roads and Traffic Authority,
Landcare, Hunter Central Rivers CMA, Northern Rivers CMA, Nursery and Garden Industry Association,
Department of Environment and Climate Change, Country Energy, Aboriginal Land Councils, NSW
Farmers Association, Local Environmental Groups and Community representatives.
Local
9
48
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Convention on Biological Diversity
Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar 1971)
World Heritage Convention
World Trade Organisation Agreement on the
Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary
Measures
International Plant Protection Convention
Quarantine Act 1908
Noxious Weeds Act 1993
Rural Lands Protection Act 1998
Biological Control Act 1985
Fisheries Management Act 1994
Crown Lands Act 1989
Local Government Act 1993
Agency responsible for
administration in NRCMA area
Australian Quarantine &
Inspection Service (AQIS) within
Dept Agriculture, Fisheries and
Forestry
Australian Dept Environment,
Water, Heritage and the Arts
NSW Department of Primary
Industries
Department of Lands
State Dept of Local
Government/Local councils
Protection of the Environment Operations Act NSW Department of Environment
and Climate Change
1997
National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974
Pesticides Act 1999
Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995
Environmentally Hazardous Chemicals Act
1985
Rivers & Foreshores Improvement Act 1948
Native Vegetation Act 2003
Catchment Management Authorities Act 2003 Catchment Management
Authorities (CMAs)
Native Vegetation Conservation Act 2003
Rural Fire Service of NSW
Rural Fires Act 1997
Workcover Authority of NSW
Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000
Department of Health
Public Health Act 1991
Environmental Planning and Assessment Act NSW Department of Planning
1989 and State Environmental Planning
Policies (SEPPs) e.g. SEPP 14 Coastal
Wetlands areas
Heritage Act 19779
Local Environmental Plans
Local Councils and County
Councils
Trees such as Camphor laurels in historic locations can be listed as significant heritage items
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
49
Appendix 1 Weed Assessment Process: Question Sheets
7. Links to other Plans and Strategies
In Australia, significant weed problems occur at the national, state and territory, regional, local
government and landowner level and effective weed management is necessary at all of these levels.
Strategies to manage weeds exist at all of the various levels and stakeholders need to be aware of which
ones affect them. The table below lists the relevant strategies and plans. This Northern Rivers Invasive
Plants Action Strategy is consistent with the concepts outlined in the National Weed Strategy (Table 8) but
offers greater degree of specific detail relevant to the Northern Rivers CMA region.
.
Table 8. Other relevant management strategies and plans
Level
Strategy/Plan
National
The Australian Weeds Strategy 2007
National Weed Spread Prevention Action Plan (in prep).
Australian Biosecurity System for Primary Production and the Environment
National Marine Incursion Response Plan
National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity
National Biodiversity and Climate Change Action Plan
National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development
Weeds of National Significance Strategies
National Weed Awareness Action Plan
National Cooperative Approach to Integrated Coastal Zone Management
PLANTPLAN-Australian Emergency Plant Pest Response Plan
The National Post-Border Weed Risk Management Protocol
Recovery Plans, Threat Abatement Plans
State
NSW State Plan
NSW Invasive Species Plan 2008-2015
State Weed Plans for individual weeds
NSW Biodiversity Strategy
Bitou Bush Threat Abatement Plan
Vine Weeds as a Key Threatening Process
Threatened Species recovery plans e.g. One of the priority actions for the recovery of the
Rusty plum (Amorphospermum whitei) is to control weeds in the habitat, particularly
lantana
Threat Abatement Plans
NSW Threatened Species Priorities Action Statement
NSW State of the Environment Reports (every three years)
Regional
Namoi/Gwydir & New England Regional Weed Strategy 2002
MNCWAC Regional Weeds Strategy 2007
Regional Weed Management Plans
NR Catchment Action Plan
Regional Environmental Plans
Local
LGA and LCA Management Plans
LGA Local Environment Plans
Property Vegetation Plans
Site specific Council approved property weed management plans
DECC National Park & Conservation area Plans of Management
Local Government State of the Environment Reports
50
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
51
..
52
.
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
53
Appendix 2 Additional weed species
Below are additional weed species for each Landscape that were listed by participants in the Weed
Workshops as being of concern but not ranked due to time constraints
Table 2a Aquatic Weeds
Ecosystem
Marine
Common name
American Sea Rocket
Bog Moss
Caulerpa
Sea Tassel
Table 2b Agricultural Weeds
Common name
African Boxthorn
Blue Billy Goat Weed
Bahia Grass (coast)
Balloon Cotton Bush
Bathurst Burr
Burrs: Noogoora/Californian/Cockle
Cacti from the Opuntia genus eg Tiger Pear, Smooth Tree Pear
Camphor Laurel
Columbus Grass
Crofton Weed
Fleabane
Galenia
Harrisia Cactus
Hemlock
Longstyle Feather Grass
Mintweed
Mistflower
Paddys Lucerne
Pampas Grass
Parthenium
Patersons Curse/Vipers Bugloss/Italian Bugloss
Perennial Ragweed
Prickly Pear
Privet, Broad-leaf
Privet, Narrow-leaf
Redhead Cotton Bush
Silk Forage Sorghum
Silverleaf Nightshade
Spear Thistle
Spiny Burrgrass
Spotted Golden Thistle
St. Barnaby’s Thistle
Thistles: Scotch, Stemless, Illyrian, Taurian
Tree-of-heaven
Tropical Chickweed
Wild Radish
54
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Scientific name
Cakile edentula (Qld)
Mayaca fluviatilis
Caulerpa taxifolia
Ruppia maritima (Qld)
Scientific name
Lycium ferocissimum
Ageratum houstonianum
Paspalum notatum
Gomphocarpus physocarpus
Xanthium spinosum
Xanthium species
Opuntia spp.
Cinnamomum camphora
Sorghum x almum
Ageratina adenophora
Conyza albida
Galenia pubescens
Harrisia martinii
Conium maculatum
Pennisetum villosum
Salvia reflexa
Ageratina riparia
Sida rhombifolia
Cortaderia spp.
Parthenium hysterophorus
Echium spp.
Ambrosia psilotachya
Opuntia stricta
Ligustrum lucidum
Ligustrum sinense
Asclepias currassavica
Sorghum sp.
Solanum elaeagnifolium
Cirsium vulgare
Cenchrus incertus, C. longispinus
Scolymus maculatus
Centaurea solstitialis
Onopordum spp.
Ailanthus altissima
Drymaria cordata
Raphanus raphanistrum
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
55
Table 2c. Coastal Weeds
Common name
Agave
American Pennywort
Asparagus Fern
Bana Grass/Cow Cane
Blue Morning Glory
Bridal Creeper
Coastal Tea Tree
Coolatai Grass
Coral Tree
Corky Passionfruit
Crabs Eye Creeper
Formosa Lily
Giant Parramatta Grass
Golden Sally Wattle
Indian Hawthorn
Kikuyu
Madeira Vine
Moon Flower
Mossman River Grass
Murraya
Mysore Thorn
Prickly Pear
Red Justica
Rhodes Grass
Setaria
Silver Leaf Desmodium
Smooth Senna
Stinking Passionfruit
Telegraph Weed
Whisky Grass
Table 2d Forest (Lowland) Weeds
Common name
Aerial Yam
African Olive
Asparagus Fern
Balloon Vine
Balsam/Busy Lizzie
Black Locust
Black-eyed Susan
Blue Morning Glory
Blue Trumpet Vine
Brazilian Cherry
Broad-leaf Pepper Tree
Butterfly Bush
Chinese Tallow
Coffee
Coral Berry
Coral Berry
Coral Tree
Corky Passionfruit
Cotoneasters
Creeping Lantana
Cuphea
Devils Fig
Duranta
Fishbone Fern
Five-leaf Morning Glory
Formosan Lily
Fountain Grass
Golden Rain Tree
Golden Trumpet Tree
Grader Grass
Green Desmodium
Hairy Commelina
Honey Locust
Ice Cream Bean
Indian/Cockscomb Coral Tree
Japanese Sunflower
Kahili Ginger & White Ginger
Keriberry
Leucaena
Mickey Mouse Bush
Montbetia
Moon Flower
Mother-in-laws Tongue
Murraya/Orange Jessamine
Orange Firethorn
Passionfruits
Singapore Daisy
Smooth Senna
White Passionflower
Scientific name
Agave vivipara
Hydrocotyle bonariensis
Asparagus africanus
Pennisetum purpureum x glaucum
Ipomoea indica
Asparagus asparagoides
Leptospermum laevigatum
Hyparrhenia hirta10
Erythrina sykesii
Passiflora suberosa
Abrus precatorius11
Lilium formosanum
Sporobolus indicus
Acacia saligna
Raphiolepis indica
Pennisetum clandestinum
Anredera cordifolia
Ipomoea alba
Cenchrus echinatus
Murraya paniculata12
Caesalpinia decapetala
Opuntia stricta
Justica coccinea
Chloris guayana
Setaria sp.
Desmodium uncinatum
Senna x floribunda
Passiflora foetida
Heterotheca grandiflora13
Andropogon virginaceus
10
Commonly naturalised and spreading in the Tablelands. In early stages of colonisation of north coast (Source: NSW Flora
Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney).
11
Only naturalised in two locations near Qld border (Source: NSW Flora Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney)
12
Commonly cultivated, may be weed in future. Recorded naturalised on an island in the Manning River near Taree. (Source:
NSW Flora Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney)
13
Only naturalised around Newcastle and one population near Qld border (Source: NSW Flora Online, Royal Botanic Gardens
Sydney)
56
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Scientific name
Dioscorea bulbiferum
Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata
Asparagus africanus
Cardiospermum grandiflorum
Impatiens walleriana
Robinia pseudoacacia
Thunbergia alata
Ipomoea indica
Thunbergia grandiflorum
Eugenia uniflora
Schinus terebinthifolius
Buddleia davidii and/or B. madagascariensis
Triadica sebifera
Coffee arabica
Ardisia crenata
Rivina humilis
Erythrina x sykesii
Passiflora suberosa
Cotoneaster spp.(C. franchetii, C. glaucophyllus)
Lantana montevidensis
Cuphea carthagenensis
Solanum hispidum
Duranta repens
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Ipomoea cairica
Lilium formosanum
Pennisetum setaceum
Koelreuteria paniculata
Tabebuia chrysantha and T. argenter
Themeda quadrivalvis
Desmodium intortum
Commelina benghalensis
Gleditsia triacanthos
Inga edulis
Erythrina crista-galli
Tithonia diversifolia
Hedychium gardenerianum and H. coronarium
Rubus rugosus
Leucaena leucocephala
Ochna serrulata
Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora
Ipomoea alba
Sansevieria trifasciata
Murraya paniculata (seeding form)
Pyracantha fortuneana
Passiflora spp.
Wedelia trilobata
Senna x floribunda
Passiflora subpeltata
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
57
58
Winter Senna
Yellow Bells
Senna pendula var. glabrata
Tecoma stans
Table 2e. Riparian Weeds
Common name
Aerial Yam
African Olive
Asparagus Fern
Bamboos
Blue Heliotrope
Blue Trumpet Vine
Brazilian Cherry
Bridal Creeper
Butterfly Bush
Canna Lily
Cape Ivy
Cherry Guava
Chinese Tallow
Climbing Asparagus
Climbing Nightshade
Coffee
Coral Tree
Corky Passionfruit
Creeping Lantana
Crofton Weed
Cuphea
Fishbone Fern
Formosan Lily
Giant Reed
Glush Weed
Golden Trumpet Tree
Guava
Guinea Grass
Hairy Commelina
Hiptage/Logan Berry
Honeysuckle
Jacaranda
Kahili Ginger and White Ginger
Keriberry
Lippia
Loquat
Mickey Mouse Bush
Mother-in-laws Tongue
Mulberry
Murraya/Orange Jessamine
Palm Grass
Para Grass
Passionfruits
Paulownia
Rain Trees, Chinese, Golden
Sennas: Smooth & Winter
Smooth Tree Pear
Stone Fruit
Tobacco Bush
Opuntia vulgaris
Prunus spp.
Solanum mauritianum
Scientific name
Dioscorea bulbiferum
Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata
Asparagus africanus
Phyllostachus spp.
Heliotropium amplexicaule
Thunbergia grandiflorum
Eugenia uniflora
Asparagus asparagoides
Buddleia davidii and/or B. madagascariensis
Canna indica
Delairea odorata
Psidium cattleianum
Triadica sebifera
Asparagus plumosus
Solanum seaforthianum
Coffee arabica
Erythrina x sykesii
Passiflora suberosa
Lantana montevidensis
Ageratina adenophora
Cuphea carthagenensis
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Lilium formosanum
Arundo donax
Hygrophila costata
Tabebuia chrysantha and T. argenter
Psidium guajava
Panicum maximum
Commelina benghalensis
Hiptage benghalensis
Lonicera japonica
Jacaranda mimosifolia
Hedychium gardenerianum and H. coronarium
Rubus rugosus
Phyla spp.
Eriobotrya japonica
Ochna serrulata
Sansevieria trifasciata
Morus alba
Murraya paniculata (seeding form)
Setaria palmifolia
Brachiaria mutica
Passiflora spp. incl. P. subpeltata
Paulownia fortunei/tomentosa
Koelreuteria formosana and K. paniculata
Senna x floribunda, S. pendula var glabrata
Table 2f Tablelands Weeds
Common name
Blue Periwinkle
Box Elder
Bridal Creeper
Camphor Laurel
Castor Oil
Cats Claw Creeper
Dodder
Japanese Honeysuckle
Lippia
Nodding Thistle
Ox-Eye Daisy
Patersons Curse
Pines
Pistachio
Poplars
Prickly Pear
Rhus Tree
Signal Grass
Sweet Briar
Tiger Pear
Velvet Tree Pear
Whisky Grass
Scientific name
Vinca major
Acer negundo
Asparagus asparagoides
Cinnamomum camphora
Ricinus communis
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Cuscuta campestris
Lonicera japonica
Phyla canescens
Carduus nutans
Leucanthemum vulgare
Echium plantagineum
Pinus spp.
Pistacia vera
Populus spp.
Opuntia stricta
Toxicodendron succedaneum
Urochloa decumbens
Rosa rubiginosa
Opuntia aurantiaca
Opuntia tomentosa
Andropogon virginicus
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
59
Table 2g Urban Weeds
Common name
African Olive
Balloon Vine
Black-eyed Susan
Black Locust
Blue Billygoat Weed
Blue Trumpet Vine
Brazilian Cherry
Bridal Veil Creeper
Bulbil Watsonia
Butterfly Bush
Cadaghi
Cape Ivy
Cassia, Easter
Cherry Guava
Climbing Asparagus Fern
Climbing Asparagus Fern
Climbing Nightshade
Coffee
Coral Berry
Crabs-eye Creeper
Cuphea
Dizzy Lizzies
Duranta
Dutchmans Pipe
Glory Lily
Golden Willow Wattle
Guava
Japanese Honeysuckle
Kahili Ginger
Lantana, Creeping/Mauve
Leucaena
Loquat
Mile a Minute
Moth Vine
Night Blooming Jessamine,
Lady of the Night
Orange Jessamine
Passionfruit
Passionfruit, White
Paulownia/Princess Tree
Purple Morning Glory
Radiata Pine
Rhus Tree
Smooth Senna
Trad
14
60
Appendix 3. Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds
Scientific name
Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata
Cardiospermum grandiflorum
Thunbergia alata
Robinia pseudoacacia
Ageratum houstonianum
Thunbergia grandiflora
Eugenia uniflora
Asparagus asparagoides
Watsonia meriana
Buddleja davidii and/or B. madagascariensis
Eucalyptus torelliana
Delairea odorata
Senna pendula var. glabrata
Psidium cattleianum
Asparagus africanus
Asparagus plumosus
Solanum seaforthianum
Coffea arabica
Ardisia crenata
Abrus precatorius
Cuphea carthagenensis
Impatiens spp.
Duranta repens
Aristolochia littoralis and A. elegans
Gloriosa superba
Acacia saligna
Psidium guajava
Lonicera japonica
Hedychium gardnerianum and/or H. coronarium
Lantana montevidensis
Leucaena leucocephala
Eriobotrya japonica
Ipomoea cairica
Araujia sericiflora
Cestrum nocturnum14
Common name
Anchored Water Hyacinth
Black Knapweed
Broomrapes
LGAs that Class applies to
All
All
All
1
All
1
1
1
1
1
All
All
All
All
All
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
1
2
Gorse
Ulex europaeus
2
Hygrophila
Hygrophila costata
2
Mesquite
Prosopis spp.
2
Parkinsonia
Parkinsonia aculeata
2
Salvinia
Salvinia molesta
2
Water Hyacinth
Eichhornia crassipes
2
All
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed,
Clarence, Coffs Harbour,
Bellingen, Nambucca, Kempsey,
Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn,
Guyra, Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Glen Innes, Armidale, Guyra,
Uralla, Walcha
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed,
Clarence, Coffs Harbour,
Bellingen, Nambucca, Kempsey,
Port Macquarie-Hastings.
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn,
Armidale, Guyra, Uralla, Walcha
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn,
Armidale, Guyra, Uralla, Walcha
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn,
Armidale, Guyra, Uralla, Walcha
Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Walcha, Uralla
Chinese Violet
East Indian Hygrophila
Eurasian Water Milfoil
Hawkweed
Horsetail
Hymenachne
Karoo Thorn
Kochia
Lagarosiphon
Mexican Feather Grass
Miconia
Mimosa
Parthenium weed
Pond Apple
Prickly Acacia
Rubbervine
Senegal Tea Plant
Siam Weed
Spotted Knapweed
Water Caltrop
Water Lettuce
Water Soldier
Witchweed
Murraya paniculata
Passiflora spp.
Passiflora subpeltata
Paulownia fortunei and/or tomentosa
Ipomoea indica/purpurea
Pinus radiata
Toxicodendron succedanea
Senna x floribunda
Tradescantia fluminensis
Considered a priority for assessment by Coffs Harbour LGA in the next round of assessments
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Class
1
1
1
Yellow Burrhead
Alligator Weed
Scientific name
Eichhornia azurea
Centaurea nigra
Orobanche species except O. minor
and O. cemua var australiana
Asystasia gangetica subsp.
micrantha
Hygrophila polysperma
Myriophyllum spicatum
Hieracium spp.
Equisetum spp.
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Acacia karroo
Bassia scoparia except B. scoparia
subspecies trichophylla
Lagarosiphon major
Nassella tenuissima
Miconia spp.
Mimosa pigra
Parthenium hysterophorus
Annona glabra
Acacia nilotica
Cryptostegia grandiflora
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Cromolaena odorata
Centaurea maculosa
Trapa spp.
Pistia stratiotes
Stratiotes aloides
Striga spp. except native spp. and S.
parviflora
Limnocharis flava
Alternanthera philoxeroides
1
1
All
All
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
61
Appendix 4. Class 3 Noxious weeds
Common name
Black Willow
Broad-leaf Pepper Tree
Scientific name
Salix nigra
Schinus terebinthifolius
Class
3
3
Chinese Celtis
Celtis sinensis
3
Chinese Tallow
Triadica sebifera
3
Giant Parramatta Grass
Giant Rat’s Tail Grass
Sporobolus fertilis
Sporobolus pyramidalis
3
3
Gorse
Green Cestrum
Ulex europaeus
Cestrum parqui
3
3
Groundsel
Baccharis halimifolia
3
Honey Locust
Gleditsia triacanthos
3
Kudzu
Pueraria lobata
3
Mother-of-millions
Bryophyllum spp.
3
Mysore Thorn
Caesalpinia decapetala
3
Salvinia
Salvina molesta
3
Serrated Tussock
Nassella trichotoma
3
Silver-leaf Nightshade
St Johns Wort
Solanum elaeagnifolium
Hypericum perforatum
3
3
Appendix 5. Class 4 Noxious weeds
LGAs that Class applies to
Clarence, Bellingen
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca, Kempsey,
Port Macquarie-Hastings
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca, Kempsey,
Port Macquarie-Hastings
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca, Kempsey,
Port Macquarie-Hastings
Bellingen
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca, Kempsey,
Port Macquarie-Hastings, Tenterfield, Glen
Innes Severn, Guyra, Armidale, Uralla,
Walcha
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca, Kempsey,
Port Macquarie-Hastings, Tenterfield, Glen
Innes Severn
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca
Clarence, Kempsey, Port MacquarieHastings
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca, Kempsey,
Port Macquarie-Hastings
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Tenterfield
Clarence, Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence, Coffs
Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca
Water Hyacinth
Eichornia crassipes
3
Yellow Bells
Tecoma stans
3
62
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Common name
African Boxthorn
African Lovegrass
Bathurst/Noogoora/Californian/
Cockle Burrs
Scientific name
Lycium ferocissimum
Eragrostis curvula
Xanthium species
Class
4
4
4
Bitou Bush
Chrysanthemoides
monilifera subspecies
rotundata
4
Blackberry
Rubus fruticosus
aggregate species except
cultivars Black Satin,
Chehalem, Chester
Thornless, Dirksen
Thornless, Loch Ness,
Murrindindi, Silvan,
Smoothstem, Thornfree
Chrysanthemoides
monilifera subspecies
monilifera
4
Camphor Laurel
Cinnamomum camphora
4
Cat’s Claw Creeper
Chilean Needle Grass
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Nassella neesiana
4
4
Columbus Grass
Sorgum x almum
4
Crofton Weed
Ageratina adenophora
4
European privet
Fireweed
Giant Parramatta Grass
Ligustrum vulgare
Senecio madagascariensis
Sporobolus fertilis
4
4
4
Golden Dodder
Cuscuta campestris
4
Harrisia cactus
Harrisia species
4
Boneseed
4
LGAs that Class applies to
Glen Innes Severn, Tenterfield
Guyra, Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings.
Whole of NSW
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings.
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Bellingen, Nambucca
Bellingen
Whole of NSW except the local control
areas listed in Class 3 for this species
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Port Macquarie-Hastings, Kempsey,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn
Guyra, Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Guyra, Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Coffs Harbour, Port MacquarieHastings, Tenterfield, Glen Innes
Severn, Guyra, Armidale, Uralla,
Walcha
Whole of NSW
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
63
Common name
Hemlock
Johnson Grass
Scientific name
Conium maculatum
Sorghum halepense
Class
4
4
Lantana
Lantana species
4
Long-style feather grass
Mintweed
Mistflower
Pennisetum villosum
Salvia reflexa
Ageratina riparia
4
4
4
Mother-of-Millions
4
Nodding thistle
Bryophyllum species and
hybrids
Carduus nutans
Pampas Grass
Cortaderia species
4
Paterson’s curse, Vipers
bugloss, Italian bugloss
Echium species
4
Prickly Pear
Prickly pear
4
4
Privet (Broad-leaf)
Cylindropuntia species
Opuntia species except O.
ficus-indica
Ligustrum lucidum
Privet (Narrow-leaf/Chinese)
Ligustrum sinense
4
Rhus tree
4
Saffron Thistle
Scorch Broom/English Broom
Toxicodendron
succedaneum
Carthamus lanatus
Cytisus scoparius
Serrated Tussock
Nassella trichotoma
4
Spiny Burrgrass
Cenchrus incertus
4
64
4
4
4
4
LGAs that Class applies to
Tenterfield, Glen Innes
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Port Macquarie-Hastings, Kempsey,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn
Glen Innes Severn
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca
Tenterfield
Common name
Spiny Burrgrass
Scientific name
Cenchrus longispinus
Class
4
St John’s Wort
Hypericum perforatum
4
Sweet Briar
Rosa rubiginosa
4
Water Hyacinth
Eichhornia crassipes
4
LGAs that Class applies to
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn.
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Bellingen, Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Kempsey, Port Macquarie-Hastings,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Whole of NSW
Whole of NSW
Clarence, Coffs Harbour, Nambucca.
Tenterfield, Guyra, Armidale, Uralla,
Walcha
Clarence, Coffs Harbour, Nambucca,
Tenterfield, Guyra, Armidale, Uralla,
Walcha
Whole of NSW
Guyra, Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Bellingen, Ballina, Byron, Kyogle,
Lismore, Richmond Valley, Tweed,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn, Guyra,
Armidale, Uralla, Walcha
Whole of NSW except the local control
areas listed in Class 3 for this species
Ballina, Byron, Kyogle, Lismore,
Richmond Valley, Tweed, Clarence,
Coffs Harbour, Bellingen, Nambucca,
Port Macquarie-Hastings, Kempsey,
Tenterfield, Glen Innes Severn.
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
65
Appendix 6.
Class 5 Noxious Weeds
Common name
African Feather Grass
African Turnip Weed
African Turnip Weed
Annual Ragweed
Arrowhead
Artichoke Thistle
Athel Pine
Bear-skin Fescue
Bridal Creeper
Burr Ragweed
Cabomba
Cayenne Snakeweed
Clockweed
Clockweed
Corn Sowthistle
Dodder
Dense Waterweed
Espartillo
Fine-bristled Burr Grass
Fountain Grass
Gallon’s Curse
Glaucous Star Thistle
Golden Thistle
Lantana
Long-leaf Willow
Primrose
Mexican Poppy
Mossman River Grass
Onion Grass
Oxalis
Red Rice
Sagittaria
Sand Oat
Smooth-stemmed Turnip
Soldier Thistle
Texas Blueweed
Willows
Yellow Nutgrass
66
Scientific name
Pennisetum macrourum
Sisymbrium runcinatum
Sisymbrium thellungii
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Sagittaria montevidensis
Cynara cardunculus
Tamarix aphylla
Festuca gautieri
Asparagus asparagoides
Ambrosia confertiflora
Cabomba caroliniana
Stachytarpheta cayennensis
Gaura lindheimeri
Gaura parviflora
Sonchus arvensis
All Cuscuta spp. except the natives C. australis, C. tasmanica and C.
victoriana
Egeria densa
Achnatherum brachychaetum
Cenchrus brownii
Pennisetum setaceum
Cenchrus biflorus
Carthamus glaucus
Scolymus hispanicus
Lantana spp.
Ludwigia longifolia
Appendix 7
(Department of Environment and Water Resources).
The purpose of this list is to identify weed species that are in the early stages of establishment and have the
potential to become a significant threat to biodiversity if they are not managed. The species listed below are
currently extant in NSW or if not yet present, their potential distribution includes NSW. These weed species
are targeted for eradication. If any of these species are identified in the Northern Rivers CMA region, they
should be classed as an A Priority Weed and immediate control actions should be implemented.
Argemone mexicana
Cenchrus echinatus
All Romulea spp. and var. except R. rosea var australis
All Oxalis spp. and varieties except the natives O. chnoodes, O. exilis, O.
perennans, O. radicosa, O. rubens and O. thompsoniae
Oryza rufipogon
Sagittaria platyphylla
Avena strigosa
Brassica barrelieri subsp. oxyrrhina
Picnomon acarna
Helianthus ciliaris
Salix spp. except S. babylonica, S. x reichardtii, S. x calodendron
Cyperus esculentus
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
The National Environmental Alert List
Common name
Botanical name
Declared
Class 1?
Barleria or
Porcupine Flower
Blue Hound’s
Tongue
Barleria prionitis
Cane Needle Grass
Nassella hyalina
Chinese Rain Tree
Koelreuteria elegans subsp.
formosana
Chinese violet
Cutch tree
Asystasia gangetica subsp.
micrantha
Acacia catechu
Cyperus
False Yellowhead
Cyperus teneristolon
Dittrichia viscosa
Garden Geranium
Pelargonium alchemilloides
Heather
Holly Leaved
Senecio
Horsetails
Calluna vulgaris
Senecio glastifolius
Equisetum species.
Yes
Karoo Thorn
Acacia karroo
Yes
Kochia
Lagarosiphon
Bassia scoparia
Lagarosiphon major
Yes
Yes
Laurel Clock Vine
Thunbergia laurifolia
Leaf Cactus
Pereskia aculeata
Lobed Needle Grass
Nassella charruana
Cynoglossum creticum
Yes
Comments- most likely
risk area
Far North Coast Tropical
areas?
Coastal and south western
areas of NSW. First found
near Sydney,
Mediterranean plant
Eastern NSW; coastal,
tablelands, slopes and
plains
Coastal NSW. Recorded
Lismore 2001. Thrives in
temperate areas.
Coastal NSW
Far North Coast tropical
areas?
Tableland areas.
Eastern NSW; coastal,
tablelands, slopes and
plains.
Eastern NSW; coastal,
tablelands, slopes and
plains. Mediterranean
plant.
Tableland areas
Coastal areas
Eastern NSW; coastal and
tablelands
Throughout NSW; coastal
& tablelands
Central and southern NSW
Eastern NSW,. Freshwater.
Possibly onto Tablelands.
Cool temperate plant
Coastal NSW. Best in frost
free areas.
Coastal NSW. Recorded
Chatsworth, nth coast
Tablelands and western
slopes of NSW
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
67
68
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Penny Richards
Dennis Gannaway
Andrew Petroeschevsky
Kelly Snell
Dean Vincent
Ann Doak
Kym Johnson
Nathan March
Sandy Leighton
Nathan March
Peter Austin
Ann Doak
Nathan March
Peter Austin
Andrew Petroeschevsky
Rubus fruticosus agg.
Asparagus asparagoides
Cabomba caroliniana
Nassella neesiana
Ulex europaeus
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Lantana camara
Prosopis spp.
Mimosa pigra
Parkinsonia aculeata
Parthenium hysterophorus
Annona glabra
Acacia nilotica ssp. indica
Cryptostegia grandiflora
Salvinia molesta
Bridal Creeper
Cabomba
Chilean Needle
Grass
Gorse
Hymenachne
Lantana
Mesquite
Mimosa
Parkinsonia
Parthenium Weed
Pond Apple
Prickly Acacia
Rubber Vine
Salvinia
Qld DPI & F
Cloncurry
NT NRETA
Alice Springs
Qld DPI & F
Cloncurry
Qld DPI & F
Mackay
Qld DPI & F
Charters Towers
Qld DPI & F
Cloncurry
Qld DPI & F
Mackay
NSW DPI Grafton
Tas DPIW
New Town
Qld DPI & F
Charters Towers
Qld DPI & F
Vic DPI Geelong
Western NSW. Nutrient
poor soils
Eastern NSW, coastal?
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
02 6640 1618
07 4967 0887
07 4742 8214
07 4761 5710
07 4967 0887
07 4742 8214
08 8951 9226
07 4742 8214
07 3405 5360
07 4761 5710
03 6233 3197
03 5226 4625
02 6640 1618
08 8303 9748
03 9785 0135
02 9585 6587
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Email
Eastern NSW. Temperate
plant
Eastern NSW
SA DWLBC
Adelaide
NSW DPI Grafton
Lachenalia reflexa
Hillary Cherry
Retama raetam
Chrysanthomoides monilifera
Cytisus multiflorus
Tableland areas
North Coast tropical and
subtropical areas
Coastal NSW. Has become
invasive in NE NSW.
Eastern NSW, coastal &
tablelands?
Far North Coast tropical
areas
Eastern NSW
02 6640 1618
08 8951 9226
Piptochaetium montevidense
Phone
Trianoptiles solitaria
Bitou
Bush/Boneseed
Blackberry
NSW DPI Grafton
DNRETA
Alice Springs
NSW DECC
Hurstville
Vic DPI Frankston
Yes
Andrew Petroeschevsky
Sandy Leighton
Chromolaena odorata
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Tamarix aphylla
Siam Weed or
Chromolaena
Subterranean Cape
Sedge
Uruguayan Rice
Grass
White Spanish
Broom
White Weeping
Broom
Yellow Soldier
Alligator Weed
Athel Pine
Yes
National Co-ordinator Co-ordinator
institution
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Scientific name
Tipuana tipu
Common name
Rosewood or
Tipuana tree
Senegal Tea Plant
Weeds of National Significance (WoNS)
Hieracium aurantiacum
Praxelis clematidea
Appendix 8
Orange Hawkweed
Praxelis
69
70
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
71
Nassella trichotoma
Salix spp. except S.
babylonica, S. x calodendron
and S. reichardtii
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
Hygrophila polysperma
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Trapa spp.
Stratiotes aloides
Equisetum spp.
Limnocharis flava
Myriophyllum spicatum
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Pistia stratiotes
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Hygrophila costata
Salvinia molesta
Ludwigia longifolia
Ludwigia peruviana
Sagittaria platyphylla
Myriophyllum aquaticum
Colocasia esculenta
Elodea canadensis
Cabomba caroliniana
Egeria densa
Eichhornia crassipes
Nymphaea mexicana
East Indian Hygrophila
Senegal Tea
Water Caltrop
Water Soldiers
Horsetails
Limnocharis
Eurasian Water Milfoil
Hymenachne
Water Lettuce
Alligator Weed
Glush Weed
Salvinia
Willow Primrose
Water Primrose
Sagittaria
Parrots Feather
Taro
Elodea
Cabomba
Dense Waterweed
Water Hyacinth
Yellow Water Lily
NSW DPI
Vic DPI
02 4828 6632
03 5226 4831
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Score
90
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
95
94
64
63
97
60
65
71
62
70
71
73
78
61
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
75
94
71
90
94
93
86
85
88
87
79
71
68
67
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A*
Aa
A**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
B**
C**
C*
D
D*
Tweed
Kyogle
Category
A*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
Aa
A
B
A**
D
D
C
D
C
C
C*
C**
D
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Score
76
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
92
93
64
57
94
60
65
64
62
70
64
70
68
87
Byron
[email protected]
[email protected]
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1, 2 or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
Bronwen Wicks
Sarah Holland-Clift
Category
A
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
A
B
Aa
D
D
D
D
C
D
C
D*
B**
Appendix 9a Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes: Kyogle, Tweed and Byron LGAs
Serrated Tussock
Willows
72
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
73
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Hygrophila polysperma
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Trapa spp.
Stratiotes aloides
Pistia stratiotes
Equisetum spp.
Limnocharis flava
Myriophyllum spicatum
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Hygrophila costata
Salvinia molesta
Ludwigia longifolia
Ludwigia peruviana
Sagittaria platyphylla
Cabomba caroliniana
Colocasia esculenta
Eichhornia crassipes
Egeria densa
Elodea canadensis
Myriophyllum aquaticum
Nymphaea mexicana
Hymenachne
East Indian Hygrophila
Senegal Tea
Water Caltrop
Water Soldiers
Water Lettuce
Horsetails
Limnocharis
Eurasian Water Milfoil
Alligator Weed
Glush Weed
Salvinia
Willow Primrose
Water Primrose
Sagittaria
Cabomba
Taro
Water Hyacinth
Dense Waterweed
Elodea
Parrots Feather
Yellow Water Lily
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Score
91
85
94
94
93
92
92
92
91
93
70
60
94
66
69
49
62
56
49
49
58
67
Score
78
94
94
94
93
71
92
92
91
97
71
69
80
69
86
65
72
65
67
85
61
85
Category
A*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
A*
B
B**
D
Aa
D
C**
D
D
Aa
D
Aa
Lismore
Richmond Valley
Category
Aa
A**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
A
B
Aa
D
D
E
D
E
E
E
E
D*
Score
91
94
94
94
93
92
92
92
91
94
61
69
70
73
79
64
69
75
64
64
64
61
Ballina
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
D
B
C
C
C*
D
D
C*
D
D
D
D
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
15
Class 4 in Clarence
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Category
A**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
Aa
B**
B
D
Aa
D
C*
D
D*
D
D
Aa
Score
88
94
94
93
92
92
92
91
91
80
85
78
66
67
93
68
71
62
67
61
61
85
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
92
91
91
94
85
71
69
94
93
79
77
71
70
61
61
61
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C
B
Aa
Aa
C*
C*
C*
C*
D
D
D*
Coffs Harbour
Clarence
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3: Coffs & Bell15
3
Hygrophila polysperma
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Trapa spp.
Stratiotes aloides
Pistia stratiotes
Equisetum spp.
Limnocharis flava
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Myriophyllum spicatum
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Hygrophila costata
Eichhornia crassipes
Salvinia molesta
Ludwigia longifolia
Ludwigia peruviana
Sagittaria platyphylla
Cabomba caroliniana
Colocasia esculenta
Egeria densa
Elodea canadensis
Myriophyllum aquaticum
Nymphaea mexicana
East Indian Hygrophila
Senegal Tea
Water Caltrop
Water Soldiers
Water Lettuce
Horsetails
Limnocharis
Hymenachne
Eurasian Water Milfoil
Alligator Weed
Glush Weed
Water Hyacinth
Salvinia
Willow Primrose
Primrose Willow
Sagittaria
Cabomba
Taro
Dense Waterweed
Elodea
Parrots Feather
Yellow Water Lily
Class 1 , 2 or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
92
91
91
94
85
92
79
94
93
86
94
59
85
85
85
85
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
E
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Bellingen
Appendix 9c Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes: Clarence, Coffs Harbour and
Bellingen LGAs
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1, 2 or
3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 9b Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes: Richmond Valley, Lismore and
Ballina LGAs
74
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
75
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
Hygrophila polysperma
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Trapa spp.
Stratiotes aloides
Equisetum spp.
Limnocharis flava
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Myriophyllum spicatum
Pistia stratiotes
Hygrophila costata
Eichhornia crassipes
Salvinia molesta
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Ludwigia peruviana
Sagittaria platyphylla
Cabomba caroliniana
Elodea canadensis
Nymphaea mexicana
Colocasia esculenta
Ludwigia longifolia
Egeria densa
Myriophyllum aquaticum
East Indian Hygrophila
Senegal Tea
Water Caltrop
Water Soldiers
Horsetails
Limnocharis
Hymenachne
Eurasian Water Milfoil
Water Lettuce
Glush Weed
Water Hyacinth
Salvinia
Alligator Weed
Primrose Willow
Sagittaria
Cabomba
Elodea
Yellow Water Lily
Taro
Willow Primrose
Dense Waterweed
Parrots Feather
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
D*
B**
Aa
E
Aa
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
92
85
75
86
94
93
86
85
85
67
85
94
58
85
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
78
85
85
73
94
93
86
85
85
85
79
67
58
58
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
Aa
B
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B
C
D
E*
E
Kempsey
Nambucca
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
92
84
75
76
80
93
86
64
58
70
82
94
67
64
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2:Gl &Gu 3: Tent
2
Hygrophila polysperma
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Trapa spp.
Stratiotes aloides
Pistia stratiotes
Equisetum spp.
Limnocharis flava
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Myriophyllum spicatum
Eichhornia crassipes
Salvinia molesta
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Ludwigia longifolia
Ludwigia peruviana
Sagittaria platyphylla
Cololcasia esculenta
Hygrophila costata
Cabomba caroliniana
Egeria densa
Elodea canadensis
Myriophyllum aquaticum
Nymphaea mexicana
East Indian Hygrophila
Senegal Tea
Water Caltrop
Water Soldiers
Water Lettuce
Horsetails
Limnocharis
Hymenachne
Eurasian Water Milfoil
Water Hyacinth
Salvinia
Alligator Weed
Willow Primrose
Primrose Willow
Sagittaria
Taro
Glush Weed
Cabomba
Dense Waterweed
Elodea
Parrots Feather
Yellow Water Lily
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
92
91
91
92
90
94
94
93
86
86
85
85
85
85
85
85
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
92
91
91
78
76
94
94
93
86
86
85
85
85
85
85
70
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C**
A**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C**
Glen Innes
Tenterfield
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Guyra
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
92
91
91
92
90
94
94
93
86
86
85
85
85
85
85
85
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Appendix 9e Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes: Tenterfield, Glen Innes and Guyra
LGAs
WoNS?
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A**
B*
B*
B**
Aa
Aa
D*
E
C*
B*
Aa
D
D*
Port Macquarie
Hastings
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 , 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 9d Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes: Nambucca, Kempsey and Port
Macquarie Hastings LGAs
76
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
77
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
Hygrophila polysperma
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides
Trapa spp.
Stratiotes aloides
Pistia stratiotes
Equisetum spp.
Myriophyllum spicatum
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Limnocharis flava
Eichhornia crassipes
Salvinia molesta
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Ludwigia longifolia
Ludwigia peruviana
Sagittaria platyphylla
Colocasia esculenta
Cabomba caroliniana
Hygrophila costata
Egeria densa
Elodea canadensis
Myriophyllum aquaticum
Nymphaea mexicana
East Indian Hygrophila
Senegal Tea
Water Caltrop
Water Soldiers
Water Lettuce
Horsetails
Eurasian Water Milfoil
Hymenachne
Limnocharis
Water Hyacinth
Salvinia
Alligator Weed
Willow Primrose
Primrose Willow
Sagittaria
Taro
Cabomba
Glush Weed
Dense Waterweed
Elodea
Parrots Feather
Yellow Water Lily
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
92
92
73
80
94
93
86
86
85
85
85
85
85
70
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
92
92
90
94
94
93
86
86
85
85
85
85
85
85
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Armidale
Uralla
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
A*
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C*
Score
94
94
94
93
92
92
91
91
92
92
90
94
94
93
86
86
85
85
85
85
85
85
Walcha
3
3
Sporobolus pyramidalis
Cestrum parqui
Hypericum perforatum
Nassella trichotoma
Nassella neesiana
Carduus nutans subsp. nutans
Centaurea calcitrapa
Heliotropium amplexicaule
Cuphea carthagenensis
Rosa rubiginosa
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp
Carthamus lanatus
Hyparrhenia hirta
Phyla nodiflora
Sporobolus fertilis
Lantana camara
Sorghum halepense
Senecio madagascarensis
Bryophyllum delagoense
Giant Rats Tail Grass
Green Cestrum
St Johns Wort
Serrated Tussock
Chilean Needle Grass
Nodding Thistle
Star Thistle
Blue Heliotrope
Cuphea
Sweet Briar
Blackberry
Saffron Thistle
Coolatai Grass
Lippia
Giant Parramatta Grass
Lantana
Johnson Grass
Fireweed
Mother-of-millions
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Score
72
77
101
96
96
89
89
90
64
79
88
89
78
91
63
64
68
56
53
Score
72
70
101
96
96
89
89
87
79
79
85
78
78
77
75
70
65
59
53
Category
B
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
C**
C
C*
C
C
D
E
E*
Tweed
Kyogle
Category
B
B
Aa
Aa
A*
Aa
Aa
A**
D
Aa
B**
Aa
C
Aa
D
D
D*
E
E*
Score
79
70
101
96
76
89
89
87
67
79
85
89
78
91
63
64
68
56
53
Byron
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 , 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 10a Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes: Kyogle,
Tweed and Byron LGAs
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Category
B*
B
Aa
Aa
C*
Aa
Aa
Aa
D
Aa
B*
Aa
C
Aa
D
D
D*
E
E*
Category
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Appendix 9f Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Aquatic Landscapes: Uralla, Armidale and Walcha LGAs
Common name
78
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
79
3
3
Sporobolus pyramidalis
Cestrum parqui
Hypericum perforatum
Nassella trichotoma
Nassella neesiana
Phyla nodiflora
Carduus nutans subsp. nutans
Centaurea calcitrapa
Heliotropium amplexicaule
Rosa rubiginosa
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp
Sporobolus fertilis
Hyparrhenia hirta
Carthamus lanatus
Lantana camara
Sorghum halepense
Cuphea carthagenensis
Senecio madagascarensis
Bryophyllum delagoense
Giant Rats Tail Grass
Green Cestrum
St Johns Wort
Serrated Tussock
Chilean Needle Grass
Lippia
Nodding Thistle
Star Thistle
Blue Heliotrope
Sweet Briar
Blackberry
Giant Parramatta Grass
Coolatai Grass
Saffron Thistle
Lantana
Johnson Grass
Cuphea
Fireweed
Mother-of-millions
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Score
79
64
101
96
96
73
89
89
87
79
81
63
72
89
67
65
79
56
45
Score
79
77
101
96
96
91
89
89
87
79
85
81
81
78
70
65
64
56
54
Category
B*
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
B
B*
C**
C
D
D*
E
E*
Lismore
Richmond Valley
Category
B
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
C**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B
D
C
Aa
D
D
Aa
E
E
Score
86
84
101
96
96
91
89
89
87
79
85
82
86
89
67
65
61
65
45
Ballina
3
3: Clare
3
Sporobolus pyramidalis
Hypericum perforatum
Cestrum parqui
Nassella trichotoma
Nassella neesiana
Phyla nodiflora
Hyparrhenia hirta
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp
Lantana camara
Sporobolus fertilis
Carduus nutans subsp. nutans
Centaurea calcitrapa
Carthamus lanatus
Heliotropium amplexicaule
Senecio madagascarensis
Sorghum halepense
Cuphea carthagenensis
Rosa rubiginosa
Bryophyllum delagoense
Giant Rats Tail Grass
St Johns Wort
Green Cestrum
Serrated Tussock
Chilean Needle Grass
Lippia
Coolatai Grass
Blackberry
Lantana
Giant Parramatta Grass
Nodding Thistle
Star Thistle
Saffron Thistle
Blue Heliotrope
Fireweed
Johnson Grass
Cuphea
Sweet Briar
Mother-of-millions
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Category
Aa
Aa
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
C
C
C
D
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
D
C*
Aa
Aa
E*
Score
86
101
80
96
96
91
78
71
73
60
89
89
89
87
68
75
79
79
45
Score
79
77
70
96
96
91
72
71
70
66
65
65
62
60
56
56
55
55
45
Category
B*
B*
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
C
C
C
D
D*
D*
D
D
E
E
E*
E*
E
Coffs Harbour
Clarence
Score
86
101
70
96
96
91
72
71
73
69
89
89
89
87
62
68
79
79
66
Bellingen
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1, 2 or
3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
Category
Aa
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
B
B
Aa
D
D
D
D
E
Category
Aa
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
C*
C
C
D
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
D
D*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Appendix 10c Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes: Clarence, Coffs Harbour and
Bellingen LGAs
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 , 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 10b Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes: Richmond Valley, Lismore and
Ballina LGAs
80
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
81
3
3
3: Hast
Cestrum parqui
Sporobolus pyramidalis
Hypericum perforatum
Nassella neesiana
Nassella trichotoma
Phyla nodiflora
Carduus nutans subsp. nutans
Carthamus lanatus
Centaurea calcitrapa
Heliotropium amplexicaule
Cuphea carthagenensis
Rosa rubiginosa
Hyparrhenia hirta
Sorghum halepense
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp
Senecio madagascarensis
Bryophyllum delagoense
Lantana camara
Sporobolus fertilis
Green Cestrum
Giant Rats Tail Grass
St Johns Wort
Chilean Needle Grass
Serrated Tussock
Lippia
Nodding Thistle
Saffron Thistle
Star Thistle
Blue Heliotrope
Cuphea
Sweet Briar
Coolatai Grass
Johnson Grass
Blackberry
Fireweed
Mother-of-millions
Lantana
Giant Parramatta Grass
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Score
80
72
101
96
96
91
89
89
89
83
79
79
81
75
81
56
54
70
78
Score
77
74
101
96
96
91
89
89
89
88
79
79
86
85
81
68
68
65
63
Category
B*
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B
B*
B*
D
D
D
D
Kempsey
Nambucca
Category
B*
B**
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
B*
C*
B
E
E
C
C
Score
80
62
101
96
96
82
89
75
89
87
79
79
81
71
81
56
60
70
69
Nassella neesiana
Carduus nutans subsp. nutans
Centaurea calcitrapa
Cuphea carthagenensis
Sporobolus pyramidalis
Phyla canescens
Hyparrhenia hirta
Lantana camara
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp
Carthamus lanatus
Sorghum halepense
Heliotropium amplexicaule
Rosa rubiginosa
Senecio madagascarensis
Bryophyllum delagoense
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
96
89
89
79
85
77
72
70
68
68
65
63
60
53
53
Score
96
88
80
72
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
C*
C
C
D
D*
D
D
D
E
E*
Category
Aa
B*
B*
B
WoNS Tenterfield
?
66
75
89
79
86
91
81
76
68
89
89
76
57
68
69
Score
79
88
94
75
D
C*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
C
D
Aa
Aa
C**
E
D*
Aa
Category
B*
B*
Aa
B*
Glen Innes
78
59
65
79
86
91
79
76
65
59
65
69
49
71
69
Score
79
77
94
99
Guyra
16
Class 4 in Guyra
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Chilean Needle Grass
Nodding Thistle
Star Thistle
Cuphea
Giant Rats Tail Grass
Lippia
Coolatai Grass
Lantana
Blackberry
Saffron Thistle
Johnson Grass
Blue Heliotrope
Sweet Briar
Fireweed
Mother-of-millions
3
3
3
3: Tent,
GI16
Nassella trichotoma
Hypericum perforatum
Cestrum parqui
Sporobolus fertilis
Serrated Tussock
St Johns Wort
Green Cestrum
Giant Parramatta Grass
Class 1 , 2 or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
C
E
D*
Aa
Aa
Aa
C*
C*
D
E
D*
D**
E
C**
Aa
Category
B*
B
Aa
Aa
Appendix 10e Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes: Tenterfield, Glen Innes and
Guyra LGAs
D
Aa
B*
C*
B
E
D
C
Aa
Category
B**
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
Aa
C
Aa
Aa
Port Macquarie
Hastings
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 10d Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes: Nambucca, Kempsey and Port
Macquarie Hastings LGAs
82
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
83
3
3
3
Cestrum parqui
Nassella trichotoma
Hypericum perforatum
Lantana camara
Sporobolus fertilis
Phyla canescens
Heliotropium amplexicaule
Sporobolus pyramidalis
Cuphea carthagenensis
Bryophyllum delagoense
Nassella neesiana
Hyparrhenia hirta
Senecio madagascarensis
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp
Centaurea calcitrapa
Sorghum halepense
Carduus nutans subsp. nutans
Carthamus lanatus
Rosa rubiginosa
Green Cestrum
Serrated Tussock
St Johns Wort
Lantana
Giant Parramatta Grass
Lippia
Blue Heliotrope
Giant Rats Tail Grass
Cuphea
Mother-of-millions
Chilean Needle Grass
Coolatai Grass
Fireweed
Blackberry
Star Thistle
Johnson Grass
Nodding Thistle
Saffron Thistle
Sweet Briar
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Score
94
79
77
73
72
77
72
86
79
53
75
79
77
65
68
68
65
65
55
Score
94
79
77
100
96
91
87
86
79
69
82
82
77
68
68
68
62
62
49
Category
Aa
B*
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B**
B**
C*
D
D**
D**
D
D
E
Armidale
Uralla
Category
Aa
B
B
C
C
C**
C
Aa
Aa
E*
C*
C*
C*
D
D**
D**
D*
D*
E*
Schefflera actiniphylla
Ochna serrulata
Paspalum wettsteinii
Asparagus plumosus
Macroptilium atropurpureum
Psidium cattleianum var.
cattleianum
Acetosa sagittata
Asparagus aethiopicus
Euphorbia cyathophora
Bryophyllum delagoense
Ipomoea cairica
Paspalum urvillei
Umbrella Tree
Mickey Mouse Plant
Broad Leaf Paspalum
Climbing Asparagus
Siratro
Cherry Guava
Yes
Yes
N/A
58
65
60
65
63
43
79
75
74
64
66
88
Score
76
69
70
64
80
67
84
76
Score
Category
Tweed
Kyogle
E
D
D*
D*
D
E
C**
C*
C*
D*
D*
B*
Category
B
B
C*
D
B
D
B*
C
Byron
58
59
60
59
57
43
76
75
74
64
66
88
Score
76
63
70
58
73
67
84
76
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Turkey Rhubarb
Ground/Basket Asparagus
Painted Spurge
Mother-of-millions
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Giant Paspalum
3
3
Schinus terebinthifolius
Baccharis halimifolia
Senna pendula var. glabrata
Chrysanthemoides monilifera
Lantana camara
Melinis minutiflora
Sphagneticola trilobata
Gloriosa superba
Broad Leaf Pepper
Groundsel Bush
Winter Senna
Bitou Bush
Lantana
Molasses Grass
Singapore Daisy
Glory Lily
Class 1 , 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
Score
94
83
74
76
72
91
63
86
79
50
96
76
65
62
65
65
59
59
49
Walcha
Category
Aa
B*
B
C*
C*
Aa
D
Aa
Aa
E*
Aa
C*
D
D
D*
D*
E
E
E
E
E
D*
E*
E
E
C*
C*
C*
D*
D*
B*
Category
B
B
C*
E
C
D
B*
C
Appendix 11a Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Coastal Landscapes: Kyogle, Tweed and Byron LGAs
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1, 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 10f Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Agricultural Landscapes: Uralla, Armidale and
Walcha LGAs
84
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
85
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
98
90
82
80
77
76
73
71
68
67
66
66
65
63
61
43
96
69
101
98
Aa
Aa
B*
B*
C*
C
C*
C*
D
D
D*
D**
D*
D
D
E*
Aa
B
Aa
Aa
Score
Score
Category
Lismore
Richmond Valley
N/A
Category
82
74
82
74
80
76
73
80
65
70
70
63
59
66
71
34
69
69
74
68
Score
Ballina
Yes
Yes
61
59
57
54
37
D*
E
E
E
F
64
62
57
60
40
D
D
E
D
E
Category
B*
B
E
C
C
C
C
C
D
C
D
C
D
D
C*
Score
66
63
56
70
70
73
76
70
66
73
62
71
64
69
71
Score
79
66
56
73
70
70
67
67
66
66
65
65
64
63
62
Category
B*
B
B
C
C
C
D*
D*
D*
D
D*
D
D*
D
D
Coffs Harbour
Clarence
58
62
81
54
40
Score
87
69
65
67
61
87
67
97
69
66
68
68
61
87
81
Bellingen
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Turkey Rhubarb
Ground/Basket Asparagus
Painted Spurge
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Giant Paspalum
3
3
3: Clare
Schinus terebinthifolius
Baccharis halimifolia
Bryophyllum delagoense
Senna pendula var. glabrata
Chrysanthemoides monilifera
Lantana camara
Melinis minutiflora
Sphagneticola trilobata
Gloriosa superba
Schefflera actiniphylla
Ochna serrulata
Paspalum wettsteinii
Asparagus plumosus
Macroptilium atropurpureum
Psidium cattleianum var.
cattleianum
Acetosa sagittata
Asparagus aethiopicus
Euphorbia cyathophora
Ipomoea cairica
Paspalum urvillei
Broad Leaf Pepper
Groundsel Bush
Mother-of-millions
Winter Senna
Bitou Bush
Lantana
Molasses Grass
Singapore Daisy
Glory Lily
Umbrella Tree
Mickey Mouse Plant
Broad Leaf Paspalum
Climbing Asparagus
Siratro
Cherry Guava
Class 1 , 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
B*
C
B
C*
B
C
C*
B
D
C*
C
D*
E*
D
C
F
B
B
C
D*
Category
E
D*
Aa
E
E
Category
Aa
B
D*
D
D
B*
D*
Aa
D
D
C*
D
D*
Aa
B*
Appendix 11c Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Coastal Landscapes: Clarence, Coffs Harbour and
Bellingen LGAs
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Mickey Mouse Plant
Turkey Rhubarb
Umbrella Tree
Singapore Daisy
Winter Senna
Lantana
Glory Lily
Broad Leaf Paspalum
Ground/Basket Asparagus
Climbing Asparagus
Siratro
Painted Spurge
Mother-of-millions
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Bitou Bush
Giant Paspalum
3
3
Schinus terebinthifolius
Baccharis halimifolia
Melinis minutiflora
Psidium cattleianum var.
cattleianum
Ochna serrulata
Acetosa sagittata
Schefflera actiniphylla
Sphagneticola trilobata
Senna pendula var. glabrata
Lantana camara
Gloriosa superba
Paspalum wettsteinii
Asparagus aethiopicus
Asparagus plumosus
Macroptilium atropurpureum
Euphorbia cyathophora
Bryophyllum delagoense
Ipomoea cairica
Chrysanthemoides monilifera
Paspalum urvillei
Broad Leaf Pepper
Groundsel Bush
Molasses Grass
Cherry Guava
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 11b Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Coastal Landscapes: Richmond Valley, Lismore and
Ballina LGAs
86
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
87
Yes
Yes
71
70
69
67
66
65
60
43
Score
78
76
65
82
84
84
80
79
74
73
72
71
C
C
D
D
D*
D
D
E
Category
B*
B
D
Aa
B
B
B
C
C
C
C*
C
WoNS Nambucca
?
80
70
72
70
81
75
63
40
Score
87
69
65
67
67
78
74
73
82
67
73
71
Kempsey
B
C*
C
C
Aa
C
D
E
Category
Aa
B
B
D*
D
C*
C
C*
B
D*
C*
C*
74
70
73
70
63
68
60
49
Score
87
73
71
67
67
70
73
69
74
74
76
75
3
3
3
Caesalpinia decapetala
Pueraria lobata
Celtis sinensis
Schefflera actinophylla
Asparagus asparagoides
Asparagus aethiopicus
Watsonia meriana
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Araujia sericifera
Cinnamomum camphora
Asparagus plumosus
Anredera cordifolia
Pinus radiata
Lonicera japonica
Delairea odorata
Ligustrum sinense
Pinus elliotti
Lantana camara
Tradescantia fluminensis
Ligustrum lucidum
Solanum seaforthianum
Mysore Thorn
Kudzu
Celtis
Umbrella Tree
Bridal Creeper
Ground/Basket Asparagus
Bulbil Watsonia
Cats Claw Creeper
Moth Vine
Camphor Laurel
Climbing Asparagus
Madeira Vine
Radiata Pine
Japanese Honeysuckle
Cape Ivy
Narrow Leaf Privet
Slash Pine
Lantana
Trad/Striped Trad
Broad Leaf Privet
Climbing Nightshade
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Score
90
82
69
67
75
62
57
81
65
62
67
81
65
58
69
57
65
71
65
54
42
Score
93
84
73
90
86
83
79
75
71
71
70
68
68
67
66
66
65
65
65
63
46
Category
Aa
Aa
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
C**
C
C
C
C*
D
D*
D*
D*
D
D
D
D*
D
E
Tweed
Kyogle
Category
A*
B*
D
D
C**
D
E*
B
D
D
D
B
D
E
D*
E
D
C
D
E
E
Score
81
82
72
60
75
59
57
85
65
65
64
74
65
58
69
57
65
65
65
54
42
Byron
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 , 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Category
B*
B*
B*
D
C**
E
E*
B*
D
D
D*
C
D
E
D*
E
D
D
D
E
E
Appendix 12a Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Forest Landscapes: Kyogle, Tweed, Byron
LGAs
C*
C*
C**
C
D*
D*
D*
E
Category
Aa
B*
B
D*
D
C*
C
D*
C
C*
C*
C*
Port Macquarie
Hastings
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Broad Leaf Paspalum
Climbing Asparagus
Siratro
Lantana
Painted Spurge
Ground/Basket Asparagus
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Giant Paspalum
3
3
3: Ke & Ha
Schinus terebinthifolius
Baccharis halimifolia
Bryophyllum delagoense
Acetosa sagittata
Chrysanthemoides monilifera
Melinis minutiflora
Senna pendula var. glabrata
Gloriosa superba
Ochna serrulata
Sphagneticola trilobata
Schefflera actiniphylla
Psidium cattleianum var.
cattleianum
Paspalum wettsteinii
Asparagus plumosus
Macroptilium atropurpureum
Lantana camara
Euphorbia cyathophora
Asparagus aethiopicus
Ipomoea cairica
Paspalum urvillei
Broad Leaf Pepper
Groundsel Bush
Mother-of-millions
Turkey Rhubarb
Bitou Bush
Molasses Grass
Winter Senna
Glory Lily
Mickey Mouse Plant
Singapore Daisy
Umbrella Tree
Cherry Guava
Class 1 , 2 or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 11d Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Coastal Landscapes: Nambucca, Kempsey and Port
Macquarie Hastings LGAs
88
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
89
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
65
64
62
61
59
45
D*
D*
D
D
E*
E*
56
82
56
55
78
42
Score
80
92
79
69
71
68
65
85
73
71
57
57
65
65
62
Score
103
92
73
100
98
78
77
74
73
71
69
69
68
68
65
Category
Aa
Aa
B
Aa
Aa
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D*
D
Lismore
Richmond Valley
E
Aa
E
E
Aa
E
Category
B*
Aa
B
D*
C
D
D
B*
C*
C
E
E
D
D*
D*
3
3
3
Pueraria lobata
Caesalpinia decapetala
Celtis sinensis
Asparagus plumosus
Asparagus asparagoides
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Schefflera actinophylla
Anredera cordifolia
Delairea odorata
Asparagus aethiopicus
Pinus radiata
Lantana camara
Lonicera japonica
Pinus elliotti
Araujia sericifera
Tradescantia fluminensis
Ligustrum lucidum
Ligustrum sinense
Watsonia meriana
Cinnamomum camphora
Solanum seaforthianum
Kudzu
Mysore Thorn
Celtis
Climbing Asparagus
Bridal Creeper
Cats Claw Creeper
Umbrella Tree
Madeira Vine
Cape Ivy
Ground/Basket Asparagus
Radiata Pine
Lantana
Japanese Honeysuckle
Slash Pine
Moth Vine
Trad/Striped Trad
Broad Leaf Privet
Narrow Leaf Privet
Bulbil Watsonia
Camphor Laurel
Climbing Nightshade
Yes
Yes
Category
B*
Aa
B
D*
Aa
D
C*
B*
Aa
D*
D*
D
D*
C*
C
D*
C*
E
Aa
D
E*
Score
69
93
66
67
86
65
76
81
90
68
68
68
67
71
75
65
73
57
78
68
46
Score
86
80
73
87
86
81
80
78
76
75
68
68
67
65
65
65
63
63
63
62
51
Category
B**
B*
B*
B*
Aa
B
B*
C
C*
C
D*
D
D*
D
D*
D*
D
D
D*
D
E
Coffs Harbour
Clarence
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 , 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
C*
E
D
C
E*
E
Category
B*
B*
B**
D*
D*
D
B
C
B
C
D
C
B
C
D
Score
69
96
76
64
86
81
69
71
66
62
68
68
58
65
71
62
63
60
78
62
45
Category
B*
A**
B*
D*
Aa
B*
D*
C
D
D*
D*
D
E
D
C
D
D
D
Aa
D
E*
Appendix 12c Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Forest Landscapes: Clarence, Coffs Harbour
and Bellingen LGAs
Bellingen
79
58
65
70
57
42
Score
80
69
73
66
68
65
85
78
83
75
63
73
81
71
68
Ballina
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Araujia sericifera
Lonicera japonica
Tradescantia fluminensis
Asparagus plumosus
Watsonia meriana
Solanum seaforthianum
3
3
3
Caesalpinia decapetala
Pueraria lobata
Celtis sinensis
Delairea odorata
Pinus radiata
Cinnamomum camphora
Anredera cordifolia
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Schefflera actinophylla
Pinus elliotti
Ligustrum lucidum
Ligustrum sinense
Lantana camara
Asparagus asparagoides
Asparagus aethiopicus
Mysore Thorn
Kudzu
Celtis
Cape Ivy
Radiata Pine
Camphor Laurel
Madeira Vine
Cats Claw Creeper
Umbrella Tree
Slash Pine
Broad Leaf Privet
Narrow Leaf Privet
Lantana
Bridal Creeper
Ground/Basket
Asparagus
Moth Vine
Japanese Honeysuckle
Trad/Striped Trad
Climbing Asparagus
Bulbil Watsonia
Climbing Nightshade
Class 1, 2 or
3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 12b Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Forest Landscapes: Richmond Valley,
Lismore, Ballina LGAs
90
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
91
3
3: Namb
3: Namb
Celtis sinensis
Caesalpinia decapetala
Pueraria lobata
Asparagus asparagoides
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Delairea odorata
Anredera cordifolia
Schefflera actinophylla
Asparagus plumosus
Ligustrum lucidum
Ligustrum sinense
Lonicera japonica
Asparagus aethiopicus
Araujia sericifera
Pinus radiata
Pinus elliotti
Lantana camara
Cinnamomum camphora
Solanum seaforthianum
Tradescantia fluminensis
Watsonia meriana
Celtis
Mysore Thorn
Kudzu
Bridal Creeper
Cats Claw Creeper
Cape Ivy
Madeira Vine
Umbrella Tree
Climbing Asparagus
Broad Leaf Privet
Narrow Leaf Privet
Japanese Honeysuckle
Ground/Basket Asparagus
Moth Vine
Radiata Pine
Slash Pine
Lantana
Camphor Laurel
Climbing Nightshade
Trad/Striped Trad
Bulbil Watsonia
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Score
84
83
73
86
74
90
77
73
70
60
69
82
75
59
68
68
68
71
49
59
59
Score
84
80
66
86
85
83
80
80
77
76
76
74
71
71
71
71
65
65
59
56
48
Category
Aa
B*
B*
Aa
B*
B
B
C**
C
C
C
C
C
C
C*
C*
D
D
E*
E
E
Kempsey
Nambucca
Category
Aa
B**
C**
Aa
C
Aa
C
C*
C*
D
D
Aa
C
E
D*
D*
D
C
E*
E
E*
3
3
3
3
3
Pueraria lobata
Gleditsia triacanthos
Caesalpinia decapetala
Schinus terebinthifolius
Celtis sinensis
Robinia pseudoacacia
Ligustrum lucidum
Anredera cordifolia
Erythrina crista-galli
Leucaena leucocephala
Salix spp.
Colocasia esculenta
Ligustrum sinense
Araujia sericifera
Cinnamomum camphora
Lantana camara
Cardiospermum grandiflorum
Brugmansia x candida
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Ipomoea alba
Ipomoea indica
Ipomoea cairica
Aristolochia elegans
Tradescantia fluminensis
Ageratina riparia
Ricinis communis
Rivina humilis
Kudzu
Honey Locust
Mysore Thorn
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Chinese Celtis
Black Locust
Broad Leaf Privet
Madeira Vine
Cockscomb Coral
Leucaena
Willows
Taro
Narrow Leaf Privet
Moth Vine
Camphor Laurel
Lantana
Balloon Vine
Devils Trumpet
Cats Claw Creeper
Moonflower
Blue Morning Glory
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Dutchmans Pipe
Trad/Striped Trad
Mistflower
Castor oil
Coral Berry
Yes
Yes
Score
79
77
93
79
69
82
56
74
75
81
76
62
59
65
62
64
76
82
74
52
74
62
65
65
52
52
47
Score
92
87
83
76
73
92
73
80
78
73
73
72
72
71
71
70
70
69
68
64
64
63
62
62
55
55
50
Category
Aa
B*
B**
B
B
Aa
C*
B
C*
C*
C*
C**
C
C
C
C
C
D**
D
D**
D*
D*
D
D
E
E*
E
Tweed
Kyogle
Category
B*
B
A*
B
B*
B*
E
C
C
B**
C*
D
E
D*
D
D
C*
B**
C
E
C*
D
D*
D
E
E
E
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 , 2 & 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
Byron
Score
84
76
73
68
75
76
85
76
70
73
72
67
68
68
81
75
68
71
66
59
57
Category
Aa
C*
C**
D
C*
C*
B
C*
C*
C*
C
D
D*
D
B*
C*
D
C
Aa
E
E*
Port Macquarie
Hastings
Score
79
77
93
79
69
74
51
74
75
87
69
56
57
72
56
64
76
82
74
52
74
54
71
65
52
52
47
Category
B*
B
A*
B
B*
C*
E
C
C
Aa
D*
E
E
C*
E
D
C*
B**
C
E
C*
E
C*
D
E
E
E
Appendix 13a Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Riparian Landscapes: Kyogle, Tweed,
Byron LGAs
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Class 1 2 or
3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 12d Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Forest Landscapes: Nambucca, Kempsey and
Port Macquarie Hastings LGAs
92
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
93
3
3
3
3
3
Caesalpinia decapetala
Pueraria lobata
Gleditsia triacanthos
Celtis sinensis
Schinus terebinthifolius
Aristolochia elegans
Colocasia esculenta
Brugmansia x candida
Robinia pseudoacacia
Anredera cordifolia
Cinnamomum camphora
Lantana camara
Cardiospermum grandiflorum
Leucaena leucocephala
Ligustrum lucidum
Salix spp.
Araujia sericifera
Erythrina crista-galli
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Tradescantia fluminensis
Ligustrum sinense
Ipomoea cairica
Ipomoea alba
Ageratina riparia
Ipomoea indica
Rivina humilis
Ricinis communis
Mysore Thorn
Kudzu
Honey Locust
Chinese Celtis
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Dutchmans Pipe
Taro
Devils Trumpet
Black Locust
Madeira Vine
Camphor Laurel
Lantana
Balloon Vine
Leucaena
Broad Leaf Privet
Willows
Moth Vine
Cockscomb Coral
Cats Claw Creeper
Trad/Striped Trad
Narrow Leaf Privet
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Moonflower
Mistflower
Blue Morning Glory
Coral Berry
Castor Oil
Yes
Yes
Score
93
84
77
76
76
86
86
84
83
83
78
76
76
73
73
73
71
71
68
65
63
63
61
61
55
53
49
Category
Aa
Aa
B
B*
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
C
C
C
C*
C*
C*
C*
C
D
D*
D
D
D*
D
E
E**
E
WoNS Richmond Valley
?
Score
86
84
93
76
87
62
62
84
83
65
68
64
67
87
57
63
56
68
85
71
57
57
52
52
55
50
50
Lismore
Category
B
Aa
A*
B
Aa
D
D
Aa
Aa
D
D
D
D
Aa
E
D
E
D
B*
C
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
3
3
3
3
3
3: Clare (Salix nigra)
Gleditsia triacanthos
Caesalpinia decapetala
Schinus terebinthifolius
Celtis sinensis
Pueraria lobata
Salix spp.
Erythrina crista-galli
Anredera cordifolia
Ipomoea alba
Leucaena leucocephala
Lantana camara
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Aristolochia elegans
Colocasia esculenta
Araujia sericifera
Tradescantia fluminensis
Cardiospermum grandiflorum
Brugmansia x candida
Ligustrum lucidum
Cinnamomum camphora
Ageratina riparia
Ligustrum sinense
Robinia pseudoacacia
Ipomoea cairica
Ipomoea indica
Ricinis communis
Rivina humilis
Honey Locust
Mysore Thorn
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Chinese Celtis
Kudzu
Willows
Cockscomb Coral
Madeira Vine
Moonflower
Leucaena
Lantana
Cats Claw Creeper
Dutchmans Pipe
Taro
Moth Vine
Trad/Striped Trad
Balloon Vine
Devils Trumpet
Broad Leaf Privet
Camphor Laurel
Mistflower
Narrow Leaf Privet
Black Locust
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Blue Morning Glory
Castor Oil
Coral Berry
Bellingen
D*
E
D
E*
E*
Category
B*
Aa
Aa
B*
B
C*
D
C**
D**
B
C
C
C
B**
D
D*
B*
B*
B*
D
C
D
Yes
Yes
Category
Aa
Aa
B*
B
B*
C*
C*
C*
Aa
Aa
C
C*
Aa
D
C*
D
C*
Aa
D
D
D*
E
Aa
E
E
Aa
E*
Score
94
93
73
66
69
73
75
74
82
87
73
75
86
62
74
65
77
84
63
65
67
57
83
54
55
71
50
Score
87
86
82
76
69
63
85
78
74
73
70
68
62
62
62
62
61
60
60
59
58
57
56
54
49
44
42
Category
B*
B*
B**
B*
B**
B
B
C
C*
C*
C
D
D*
D*
D
D
D
D*
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
Coffs Harbour
Clarence
Score
80
96
87
63
69
76
81
65
82
87
70
81
86
62
60
59
64
84
57
62
55
54
59
57
52
41
45
Category
B*
A**
Aa
B*
B*
C**
B
D
Aa
Aa
C
B*
Aa
D
D
E
D
Aa
E
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area. B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds
scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40. Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several
small infestations. No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Class 1 , 2 or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
83
84
94
69
69
71
62
78
62
88
71
70
73
89
69
69
82
85
85
68
73
66
67
57
60
48
50
Score
Ballina
Appendix 13c Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Riparian Landscapes: Clarence, Coffs Harbour
and Bellingen LGAs
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Class 1 , 2 or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 13b Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Riparian Landscapes: Richmond Valley,
Lismore and Ballina LGAs
94
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
95
3
3
3: Namb
3: Namb
3: Namb
Celtis sinensis
Schinus terebinthifolius
Gleditsia triacanthos
Caesalpinia decapetala
Pueraria lobata
Leucaena leucocephala
Rivina humilis
Cardiospermum grandiflorum
Salix spp.
Anredera cordifolia
Brugmansia x candida
Macfadyena unguis-cati
Araujia sericifera
Colocasia esculenta
Ligustrum lucidum
Ligustrum sinense
Erythrina crista-galli
Lantana camara
Robinia pseudoacacia
Ricinis communis
Ipomoea alba
Aristolochia elegans
Ipomoea indica
Ipomoea cairica
Cinnamomum camphora
Ageratina riparia
Tradescantia fluminensis
Chinese Celtis
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Honey Locust
Mysore Thorn
Kudzu
Leucaena
Coral Berry
Balloon Vine
Willows
Madeira Vine
Devils Trumpet
Cats Claw Creeper
Moth Vine
Taro
Broad Leaf Privet
Narrow Leaf Privet
Cockscomb Coral
Lantana
Black Locust
Castor Oil
Moonflower
Dutchmans Pipe
Blue Morning Glory
Five Leaf Morning Glory
Camphor Laurel
Mistflower
Trad/Striped Trad
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
Aa
B*
B*
B*
B*
Aa
Aa
B
B
B
C*
C*
C
C
D
D
D*
D
D*
D*
D*
D*
D
D
E
E
E
84
87
80
83
73
87
69
77
76
77
84
74
59
85
60
69
85
70
83
52
82
75
55
63
71
67
59
Score
Scor
e
84
78
90
72
60
87
69
84
82
80
79
77
71
71
69
69
68
67
66
65
64
62
61
60
59
58
56
Category
Kempsey
Nambucca
Aa
Aa
B*
B**
C**
Aa
Aa
C**
C*
C
Aa
C
E
B**
D
D
B
C
Aa
E
Aa
C**
E
D
C
D
E
Category
77
77
76
72
68
68
63
63
63
56
Genista monspessulana
Cytisus scoparius
Ailanthus altissima
Hyparrhenia hirta
Eragrostis curvula
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp.
Salix spp.
Ligustrum sinense
Ligustrum lucidum
Senecio madagascarensis
C**
C**
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
E
B*
C*
C*
C
B*
91
91
93
81
71
68
73
73
73
68
84
79
78
81
81
Aa
Aa
Aa
B*
C
D
C
C*
C*
D*
B*
C
C*
B*
B*
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Yes
Yes
81
80
79
78
78
Honey Locust
Hawthorn
English Ivy
Wild Fruit Trees
(e.g. apple)
Broom Cape
Broom Scotch
Tree of Heaven
Coolatai Grass
African Lovegrass
Blackberry
Willows
Narrow Leaf Privet
Broad Leaf Privet
Fireweed
Cotoneaster
Yes
Yes
Yes
Class 2: Gl + Gu
3
3
3
3: Tent & GI
3: Tent & GI
Ulex europaeus
Nassella trichotoma
Hypericum perforatum
Cestrum parqui
Sporobolus fertilis
Baccharis halimifolia
Nassella neesiana
Lycium ferocissium
Pyracantha angustifolia and
P. crenulata
Cotoneaster glaucophyllus,
C. franchetii and C. pannosus
Gleditsia triacanthos
Crataegus monogyna
Hedera helix
Malus domestica
Category
A**
B*
B*
Aa
B*
Aa
B**
Aa
B*
Score
85
79
88
94
76
87
86
99
82
Score
81
96
88
80
73
69
96
86
82
Category
B**
Aa
B*
B*
B
B
Aa
B*
B*
Glen Innes
Tenterfield
Gorse
Serrated Tussock
St Johns Wort
Green Cestrum
Giant Parramatta Grass
Groundsel
Chilean Needle Grass
African Boxthorn
Firethorn
Class 1 , 2 or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
73
73
80
76
73
87
69
77
76
85
84
75
68
82
73
72
75
70
69
52
82
71
61
60
71
58
59
Score
Guyra
B**
B**
B*
C*
C**
Aa
Aa
C*
C*
B
Aa
C*
D
B*
C*
C
C*
C
D*
D
Aa
C*
D
D*
C
D
D
Category
Port Macquarie
Hastings
77
77
69
79
71
68
66
63
60
68
73
69
75
68
68
Score
95
82
77
94
73
87
72
78
72
C**
C*
D*
C*
C
D
D
D*
D
D*
C**
D
C*
D
D
Category
Aa
B*
B
Aa
C*
Aa
C
C**
C
Appendix 14a Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Tablelands Landscapes: Tenterfield, Glen Innes and
Guyra LGAs
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Class 1 , 2 or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 13d Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Riparian Landscapes: Nambucca, Kempsey
and Port Macquarie Hastings LGAs
96
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
97
Cotoneaster glaucophyllus,
C. franchetii and C. pannosus
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp.
Ligustrum sinense
Salix spp.
Ligustrum lucidum
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
WoNS?
65
63
63
60
68
68
68
D
D*
D
D
D
D**
D
62
66
66
60
68
75
71
Score
78
94
73
74
72
87
73
76
78
65
77
73
74
72
68
69
75
Score
95
94
79
77
94
87
84
79
78
78
77
76
74
72
71
69
69
Category
Aa
Aa
B*
B*
Aa
Aa
B**
C*
C**
C**
C**
C**
C*
C
C
D*
D
Armidale
Uralla
D
D*
D
D
D
C*
C*
Category
A*
Aa
B
B
C
Aa
C
C
C**
D
C**
C*
C*
C
D
D*
C*
62
66
66
63
68
68
71
68
68
68
60
59
Hedera helix
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp.
Senecio madagascarensis
Ligustrum sinense
Ligustrum lucidum
D*
D
D*
D
E
C*
C*
C*
C*
92
74
59
60
63
95
95
96
95
Aa
C
E
D
D
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution. NB: No “Tablelands” areas in Nambucca, Kempsey or Port Macquarie Hastings LGAs.
Yes
72
71
71
71
African Lovegrass
Wild Fruit Trees
(e.g. apple)
English Ivy
Blackberry
Fireweed
Narrow Leaf Privet
Broad Leaf Privet
Hawthorn
Cotoneaster
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Category
Aa
B*
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
D
C*
Score
97
66
94
90
96
96
95
93
91
91
101
93
99
67
79
Category
Aa
Aa
B**
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
Aa
C**
C*
C*
C*
C
C*
Score
97
87
80
66
96
96
95
93
91
77
77
75
75
73
72
3
3
3
3: Clarence
Gleditsia triacanthos
Baccharis halimifolia
Cestrum parqui
Salix spp.
Nassella neesiana
Nassella trichotoma
Ulex europaeus
Ailanthus altissima
Cytisus scoparius
Genista monspessulana
Hypericum perforatum
Hyparrhenia hirta
Lycium ferocissium
Sporobolus fertilis
Pyracantha angustifolia and
P. crenulata
Crataegus monogyna
Cotoneaster glaucophyllus,
C. franchetii and C. pannosus
Eragrostis curvula
Malus domestica
Coffs Harbour
Clarence
Honey Locust
Groundsel
Green Cestrum
Willows
Chilean Needle Grass
Serrated Tussock
Gorse
Tree of Heaven
Broom Scotch
Broom Cape
St Johns Wort
Coolatai Grass
African Boxthorn
Giant Parramatta Grass
Firethorn
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
71
68
65
57
57
95
71
96
85
Score
84
70
94
76
96
96
81
72
74
91
101
72
99
73
78
C*
D
D
E
E
Aa
C*
Aa
B**
Category
B*
B*
Aa
C**
Aa
A
B**
C*
C*
Aa
Aa
C*
Aa
C
C**
Appendix 14c Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Tablelands Landscapes: Clarence, Coffs Harbour and
Bellingen
WoNS?
D
D*
D
D*
D
D*
C*
Category
A
Aa
B*
B
Aa
Aa
C*
C*
C**
D
C**
C*
D*
D
C
D*
C*
Bellingen
Score
95
94
82
74
96
87
73
76
78
65
70
73
67
69
78
69
75
Walcha
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Blackberry
Narrow Leaf Privet
Willows
Broad Leaf Privet
English Ivy
Wild Fruit Trees
e.g. apple
Cotoneaster
2
3
3
3
Ulex europaeus
Cestrum parqui
Nassella trichotoma
Hypericum perforatum
Nassella neesiana
Baccharis halimifolia
Sporobolus fertilis
Hyparrhenia hirta
Lycium ferocissium
Senecio madagascarensis
Cytisus scoparius
Gleditsia triacanthos
Genista monspessulana
Crataegus monogyna
Eragrostis curvula
Ailanthus altissima
Pyracantha angustifolia and
P. crenulata
Hedera helix
Malus domestica
Gorse
Green Cestrum
Serrated Tussock
St Johns Wort
Chilean Needle Grass
Groundsel
Giant Parramatta Grass
Coolatai Grass
African Boxthorn
Fireweed
Broom Scotch
Honey Locust
Broom Cape
Hawthorn
African Lovegrass
Tree of Heaven
Firethorn
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 14b Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for Tablelands Landscapes: Uralla, Armidale and Walcha
LGAs
98
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
99
WoNS?
62
60
53
45
D
D
E
E
65
60
56
35
Score
80
75
71
66
68
35
90
63
89
75
71
66
68
66
73
57
59
65
Score
84
78
71
69
68
62
82
79
78
75
75
75
74
73
70
69
68
65
Category
B
B*
B*
B
B*
Aa
B*
C
C*
C*
C*
C
C
C*
C
D
D*
D
Tweed
Kyogle
D
D
E*
F
Category
B*
B
B
B
D*
F*
A**
D
B**
C*
C
D
D
D*
C
E
E
D
59
60
56
35
Score
80
78
78
69
68
35
96
63
95
75
65
66
62
66
73
57
62
59
Byron
65
58
57
42
D
E*
E
E*
50
53
51
29
Score
70
65
68
68
69
106
104
35
65
80
77
73
54
54
65
61
52
49
Score
84
71
71
68
66
106
104
62
78
77
75
73
73
73
72
71
65
65
Category
B
B*
B*
B*
B
Aa
Aa
Aa
C
C
C*
C*
C*
C*
C
C
D*
D
Lismore
Richmond Valley
E
E
E
F
Category
B
B
B
B*
B
Aa
Aa
F
D
B
C*
C
E
E
D
D
E
E
68
56
51
42
Score
80
75
78
68
73
106
74
62
75
74
68
79
73
73
75
81
58
52
Ballina
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Asparagus aethiopicus
Hypoestes phyllostachya
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Syagrus romanzoffiana
3
3
3
3
3
Cestrum parqui
Schinus terebinthifolius
Tecoma stans
Triadica sebifera
Celtis sinensis
Pyracantha
Cotoneaster
Tabebuia chrysotricha
Cinnamomum camphora
Sphagneticola trilobata
Pinus elliottii
Erythrina crista-galli
Ligustrum sinense
Ligustrum lucidum
Ochna serrulata
Schlefflera actinophylla
Canna indica
Bryophyllum spp.
Green Cestrum
Broad leaf Pepper Tree
Yellow Bells
Chinese Tallow
Chinese Celtis
Firethorn
Cotoneaster
Golden Trumpet Tree
Camphor Laurel
Singapore Daisy
Slash Pine
Cockspur Coral Tree
Narrow Leaf Privet
Broad Leaf Privet
Mickey Mouse Plant
Umbrella Tree
Canna Lily
Mother of Millions/
Resurrection Plant
Ground Asparagus Fern
Pink Polkadot Plant
Fishbone Fern
Cocos Palm
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
E
D
E*
F
Category
B*
B
B
B*
B*
F
Aa
D
Aa
C*
D
D
D
D*
C
E
D*
E
D
E
E
E
Category
B*
B
B
B**
B**
Aa
C*
Aa
C*
C
D*
C*
C
C*
C
B
E
E
Appendix 15b Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Urban Landscapes: Richmond Valley, Lismore
and Ballina LGAs
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Asparagus aethiopicus
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Hypoestes phyllostachya
Syagrus romanzoffiana
3
3
3
3
3
Cestrum parqui
Tecoma stans
Schinus terebinthifolius
Celtis sinensis
Triadica sebifera
Tabebuia chrysotricha
Pyracantha
Ligustrum sinense
Cotoneaster
Pinus elliottii
Schlefflera actinophylla
Ochna serrulata
Cinnamomum camphora
Erythrina crista-galli
Sphagneticola trilobata
Ligustrum lucidum
Canna indica
Bryophyllum spp.
Green Cestrum
Yellow Bells
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Chinese Celtis
Chinese Tallow
Golden Trumpet Tree
Firethorn
Narrow Leaf Privet
Cotoneaster
Slash Pine
Umbrella Tree
Mickey Mouse Plant
Camphor Laurel
Cockspur Coral Tree
Singapore Daisy
Broad Leaf Privet
Canna Lily
Mother of Millions/
Resurrection Plant
Ground Asparagus Fern
Fishbone Fern
Pink Polkadot Plant
Cocos Palm
Class 1, 2
or 3
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 15a Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Urban Landscapes: Kyogle, Tweed,
Byron LGAs
100
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
101
WoNS?
74
73
71
71
69
68
66
66
65
60
59
57
56
53
32
35
C*
C*
C*
C
D*
D*
D*
D*
D*
D
E*
E
E
E*
F*
F
73
69
65
71
79
85
69
66
68
73
62
63
71
53
38
56
C
D
D
C
C*
B**
D
D
D*
C*
D
D
C
E
F
Aa
Category
B*
B
B*
B**
B
D*
Score
71
68
71
84
66
62
Score
78
78
71
70
69
62
Category
B*
B*
B**
B
B**
B*
Coffs Harbour
Clarence
61
76
65
59
75
74
66
57
59
60
56
54
59
53
32
32
Score
86
68
68
73
59
59
Bellingen
81
78
96
82
81
80
69
69
69
68
65
65
62
62
60
59
48
35
B*
B
Aa
B
B*
B
D*
D
D
C*
D
D*
D
D
D
E
E
F*
65
71
96
82
78
67
79
60
69
71
75
68
77
68
60
71
42
56
Score
84
86
80
68
Score
84
85
77
68
Category
Aa
B*
B*
D
Kempsey
Nambucca
D*
C*
Aa
B
C*
D*
C
D
D
C*
C
D*
C
D**
D*
C
E*
Aa
Category
Aa
Aa
B*
B
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Triadica sebifera
Tecoma stans
Pyracantha
Ochna serrulata
Cotoneaster
Sphagneticola trilobata
Erythrina crista-galli
Ligustrum lucidum
Ligustrum sinense
Schlefflera actinophylla
Asparagus aethiopicus
Pinus elliottii
Hypoestes phyllostachya
Canna indica
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Cinnamomum camphora
Syagrus romanzoffiana
Tabebuia chrysotricha
3
3
3
3: Ke &
Ha
3: Namb
3: Namb
Celtis sinensis
Schinus terebinthifolius
Cestrum parqui
Bryophyllum spp.
Chinese Celtis
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Green Cestrum
Mother of Millions/
Resurrection Plant
Chinese Tallow
Yellow Bells
Firethorn
Mickey Mouse Plant
Cotoneaster
Singapore Daisy
Cockspur Coral Tree
Broad Leaf Privet
Narrow Leaf Privet
Umbrella Tree
Ground Asparagus Fern
Slash Pine
Pink Polkadot Plant
Canna Lily
Fishbone Fern
Camphor Laurel
Cocos Palm
Golden Trumpet Tree
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
WoNS?
83
75
96
75
78
74
69
73
72
75
68
75
62
65
63
71
42
35
Score
84
86
80
75
Aa
C
Aa
C
C*
C*
D*
C*
C
C*
D*
C*
D*
D*
D*
C
E*
F*
Category
Aa
Aa
B**
B
Port Macquarie
Hastings
D
C
D
E
C**
C**
D
E
E
D
E
E
E
E
F
F
Category
Aa
B
B*
B*
B
E
Appendix 15d Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Urban Landscapes: Nambucca, Kempsey and
Port Macquarie Hastings LGAs
Extent: a = absent from LGA. **=weeds with only a single infestation known (see Appendix 16 for details). *=weeds with several small infestations.
No asterisk = moderate to widespread distribution.
Categories: A = Class 1 and 2 Noxious Weeds, and/or weeds scoring 90+, and/or weeds currently absent in that Local Government Area.
B= Class 3 Noxious weeds and/or weeds scoring 89-80. C= 79-70. D=69-60. E= 59-40. F < 40.
Sphagneticola trilobata
Erythrina crista-galli
Pinus elliottii
Schlefflera actinophylla
Pyracantha
Cotoneaster
Ochna serrulate
Ligustrum sinense
Canna indica
Ligustrum lucidum
Asparagus aethiopicus
Nephrolepis cordifolia
Cinnamomum camphora
Hypoestes phyllostachya
Syagrus romanzoffiana
Tabebuia chrysotricha
3
3
3
3
3
3:Clare
Schinus terebinthifolius
Tecoma stans
Triadica sebifera
Cestrum parqui
Celtis sinensis
Bryophyllum spp.
Broad Leaf Pepper Tree
Yellow Bells
Chinese Tallow
Green Cestrum
Chinese Celtis
Mother of Millions/
Resurrection Plant
Singapore Daisy
Cockspur Coral Tree
Slash Pine
Umbrella Tree
Firethorn
Cotoneaster
Mickey Mouse Plant
Narrow Leaf Privet
Canna Lily
Broad Leaf Privet
Ground Asparagus Fern
Fishbone Fern
Camphor Laurel
Pink Polkadot Plant
Cocos Palm
Golden Trumpet Tree
Class 1 or 2
Noxious
Scientific name
Common name
Appendix 15c Detailed Scores & Ranking for Priority Weeds for (Lowland) Urban Landscapes: Clarence, Coffs Harbour
and Bellingen LGAs
102
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
103
Alligator
Weed
Glush Weed
Port
Macquarie
Hastings
Saffron
Thistle
Lippia
Green
Cestrum
Richmond
Valley
Lismore
Ballina
Tenterfield Salvinia
Water
Hyacinth
Yellow
Water Lily
Armidale
Alligator
Weed
Saffron
Agricultural Kyogle
Thistle
Kempsey
Water
Lettuce
Taro
Nambucca
Bellingen
E. I.
Hygrophila
Water
Hyacinth
Salvinia
Aquatic
Alligator
Weed
E. I.
Hygrophila
Alligator
Weed
Taro
Alligator
Weed
Yellow
Water Lily
Alligator
Weed
Cabomba
Dense
Waterweed
Glush Weed
Hymenachne
Water
Lettuce
Cabomba
Elodea
Glush Weed
Species
Coffs
Harbour
Lismore
Richmond
Valley
Byron
Kyogle
Landscape LGA
Aquatic
0sqm?
Backyard
plots
Urbenville
Armidale
township
None known
yes
10ha +
4ha +
Tomki, Leeville
West Coraki
no
Yes
As part of
cropping and
grazing
management
no
Data Unavailable
yes
yes
no
no
Yes?
yes
Yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
yes, $500pa
yes, $500pa
2008
-
2014
2012
2010
2010
-
2010
2014
2014
?
2012
2016
?
2007
2012
2012
2009
2009?
2008
2006/2007
?
Eradication If possible,
possible?
estimated
date of
completion?
no
yes
no
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
yes
?
2016
2026
?
ongoing
ongoing
ongoing
2012
2012
2009
ongoing
?
ongoing
ongoing
End date
for
monitoring?
2009
-
2018
2016
2012
2016
-
2014
2020
2018
Eradication If possible,
End date
possible?
estimated
for
date of
monitoring?
completion?
no
$5000
no
$5000
no
yes
Funds
required?
no
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
occurred
yes, has occurred
yes
yes
yes
yes
Data Unavailable
30m x 20m Ongoing, hand
removal + spray
2m x 2m
ongoing
0.2ha
300m2
500sqm
500sqm
no
800m2
no
yes, ongoing
30m2
50 x 100m
Treatment
Occurring/
occurred?
Approx
size
yes, ongoing
10m2
Tamarind Drive,
Bellingen
Nambucca State
Forest
Miriwinni
Gardens
Bellbrook
Port Macquarie
urban area
Port Macquarie
urban area
Tabulum/Drake
Legume/Tabulum
Orara River,
Nana Glen
Woolgoolga
Location
Gentle St, Coffs
Harbour
no
10ha
no
yes
yes
yes
6ha
20ha
70ha
Jabiru wetlands
Leeville, Yorklee
Barling Creek,
Swan Bay, Bora
Creek
Wilsons Creek,
Lismore Lake
Wilsons Creek
no
10ha
50ha
Swan Bay
yes
no
3ha
.0001ha
ongoing
required?
Data Unavailable
Has been treated
in the past
Occurring/
occurred?
20ha
0.25ha
Jabiru wetlands
Byron Creek
Anzac Lagoon
size
Single infestations of weed species within each landscape and within each LGA
Species
Location
Approx
Treatment
Funds
Landscape LGA
The tables below indicate where only a single infestation of a particular weed species is known to occur in each LGA. This identifies opportunities to target
weeds with limited distribution, often “emerging” weeds, where control could substantially reduce spread to neighbouring LGAs. Not all LGAs feature in
all landscapes as weeds species may be absent or occur in multiple infestations.
Appendix 16.
104
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
105
Green
Cestrum
Giant Rat’s
Tail Grass
Green
Cestrum
Lippia
Coffs
Harbour
Agricultural Kempsey
Forest
(Lowland)
Coastal
Port
Macquarie
Hastings
Kempsey
Bellingen
Clarence
Ballina
Byron
Richmond
Valley
Port
Macquarie
Hastings
Kyogle
1ha
Horse blocks
Kudzu
Kudzu
Mysore
Thorn
Mysore
Thorn
Bulbil
Watsonia
Bridal
Creeper
Chinese
Celtis
Kudzu
Painted
Spurge
Siratro
Comboyne
Plateau
Stuarts Pt Rd
Stuarts Pt Rd
Fernmount
Isolated, Ross
Lane
Woodford Island
Wrights Creek,
North Shore
Evans Head
Armidale
township
Scattered
Lippia
Star Thistle
Location
yes
Several
plants on
roadside
5000m2
0.5ha
yes, sprayed but
require follow-up
control
Cut and paint
control has been
carried out
no
No, but managed
by neighbouring
landholder
(herbicide)
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
$2500
yes
yes
yes
yes
$500
2010
2010
2010
?
Ongoing,
annual
treatment
2013
2014
2010
2009
2020
2015
2025
End date
for
monitoring?
?
?
ongoing
ongoing
2015
2012
2010
2020
End date
for
monitoring?
2010
2008
2010
?
2015
2010
2010
?
3-5 years
5 years
exhausting
tuber growth
2012
2010
Eradication If possible,
possible?
estimated
date of
completion?
yes
Full area not
known yet
yes
Ongoing
programs
yes
2020
yes
yes
yes
yes
unlikely
unlikely
?
No
yes
Data Unavailable
200m2
5 bushes
yes
no
yes
Funds
required?
yes
no
yes
yes
Not a
priority for
this LGA
no
Data Unavailable
yes
yes
yes
possible
Eradication If possible,
possible?
estimated
date of
completion?
yes?
2015
Yes, $700
yes
pa
No – funded yes
by NSW
DPI/Council
no
yes
Bush regeneration yes
no
One ha
100m2
20ha +
yes
no
<0.5ha
<0.5ha
Treatment
Occurring/
occurred?
When time
permits
When time
permits
yes
no
yes
no
yes
yes, Grazon DS
yes
yes, by landowner no
Approx
size
scattered
<5ha
Roadways
New England
Highway
5ha
Roadways
Species
Johnson
Grass
Armidale
0.5ha
Scattered
Saumarez
Ebor
Fireweed
<0.1ha
Bezzants Road
Scattered
over 2km
5ha
6m x 2m
White Swamp
Lake Innes
Guyra/Ebor Rd
Chilean
Needle
Grass
Coolatai
Grass
Johnson
Grass
Star Thistle
Landscape LGA
0.2ha
Mooneba
Gum Scrub
yes
100m2
Nana Glen
Funds
required?
Landholder has
no
been wickwiping
50m x 20m yes, by landowner no
Treatment
Occurring/
occurred?
Approx
size
Location
Blue
Heliotrope
Uralla
Guyra
Tenterfield Giant Rat’s
Tail Grass
Glen Innes Blue
Heliotrope
Port
Macquarie
Hastings
Species
Landscape LGA
106
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
107
Tablelands
Riparian
Stuarts Pt Rd
Miriwinni
Gardens
Bellbrook
Comboyne
Plateau
Mysore
Thorn
Taro
Broom
Scotch
Broom Cape
Boonoo Boonoo
t/o
Macleay River,
Sherwood
Stuarts Pt Rd
Dutchmans
Pipe
Kudzu
Port
Kudzu
Macquarie
Hastings
Tenterfield Gorse
Christmas Ck, nr
Pacific Hwy
Balloon
Vine
yes
100m2
over 5ha
Small,
scattered
Small,
scattered
yes
yes
no
5000m2
Spraying has
occurred, but
follow-up and
continual
monitoring
required
None known
yes
Treatment
Occurring/
occurred?
no
no
yes, $500pa
yes
$5000
$2500
$500
$2500
$300
$10,000
?
Funds
required?
no, but managed
No
by a neighbouring
landholder with
herbicide
Cut and paint
control has been
carried out
yes, sprayed but
require follow-up
control
None known
0.2ha
Yes
Yes
yes
Data Unavailable
Data Unavailable
Data Unavailable
Data Unavailable
no
Funds
required?
Yes
Yes
No?
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
2050 seed
dormancy
issues
3 years
?
?
nil
End date
for
monitoring?
?
2010
2008
2010
2008
2010
2010
(controlling
seedlings)
2015
ongoing
ongoing
ongoing
2015
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
(monitoring)
2020
?
End date
for
monitoring?
3-5 years
5 years
exhausting
tuber growth
Eradication If possible,
possible?
estimated
date of
completion?
yes
?
yes
3 years
2020
?
?
Eradication If possible,
possible?
estimated
date of
completion?
no
nil
No – funded yes
yes- controlled
every six months by NSW
during inspections DPI/Council
No
No
no
As part of
cropping
Treatment
Occurring/
occurred?
Several
plants on
roadside
0.5ha
1ha
Entire
length
On tree
Bellinger River
Kempsey
5 bushes
Fernmount
Mysore
thorn
Willows
Approx
size
Nil, but
seedlings
still being
found
200m2
1-2
Location
Woodford Island
Kudzu
Isolated scattered
Wooli Township
Species
20ha+?
One (as
isolated
plants)
Approx
size
Unknown but
?
may be present in
limited numbers
as ornamentals
Very little
Broad leaf
Pepper
Devils
Trumpet
Leucaena
Black
Locust
Devils
Trumpet
Coral Berry
Location
Bellingen
Landscape LGA
Clarence
Richmond
Valley
Ballina
Byron
Mysore
Thorn
Taro
Moonflower
Devils
Trumpet
Riparian
Kyogle
Species
Landscape LGA
108
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
109
2ha
Scattered
Ebor
African
Boxthorn
Broom
Scotch
African
Boxthorn
Broom
Scotch
Green
Cestrum
Clarence
Walcha
5ha
Ebor
Kellys plains
Urban
Clarence
Ballina
Bellingen
Chinese
Tallow
Grafton-private
land
Grafton – council
land
Grafton
39 trees
(street
trees &
parks)
15 trees +?
36 trees +
wildlings
(over 100)
TBA (20
trees +?)
on private
property
1ha
Entire
length
Isolated, Ross
Lane
Tyndale
Bellinger River
Willows
25 bushes
0.5
Bostobrick
Cotoneaster
1 bush
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
Grant
funded
yes
$10,000
$1000
no
5 years
Ongoing on
roads
2011
2010
2010
2010
ongoing
yes
yes
5 years
(costly for
landholders)
5 years
(costly for
council )
3-5 years
exhausting
seed bank
5 years
(costly for
landholders)
yes
yes
2012
2012
2015
2007
yes
Yes
yes
yes
yes
2027
Eradication If possible,
possible?
estimated
date of
completion?
yes
3 years
No-funded
by NSW
DPI/Council
$500
yes
Funds
required?
No-funded
yes
by NSW
DPI/Council
no
no
no
yes
yes
no
no
yes
no
no
Eradication If possible,
possible?
estimated
date of
completion?
No – funded Yes
2013
by NSW
DPI/Council
yes
yes
2010
Funds
required?
No-funded
by NSW
DPI/Council
Yes – to
yes- through
enforcement of
prop up
funding
act
from NSW
DPI/Council
no – open spaces Yes- to prop
section of council up funding
slow to act
from NSW
DPI/Council
yes- 6 monthly
Yes- to prop
up funding
inspections to
enforce/encourage from NSW
control
DPI/Council
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
yes- controlled
every six months
during inspections
yes
500m2
1ha
Treatment
Occurring/
occurred?
Isolated
Bostobrick
Firethorn
Chinese
Tallow
Chinese
Celtis
Chinese
Celtis
Old Coramba Rd
Hernani
Broom Cape
Gorse
Location
Species
Approx
size
yes
100m2
Tyringham
unknown
unknown
Walcha township
unknown
unknown
yes
yes
no
yes
occasionally
no
yes
no
no
yes, Grazon DS
Treatment
Occurring/
occurred?
Walcha township
0.5ha
0.5ha
small
Gorse
Scattered
?
Armidale
Landscape LGA
Tablelands
Scattered
African
Boxthorn
Fireweed
Ebor to Guyra
Scattered
in
township
Isolated in
township
Scattered
<0.1ha
Approx
size
Uralla
Honey
Locust
Broom Cape
Guyra
Guyra
African
Boxthorn
Guyra
Location
Glenlegh Road
Species
Glen Innes Gorse
Landscape LGA
5 years
5 years
5 years
5 years
2020
2018
2020
2037
3 years
End date
for
monitoring?
5 years
Ebor
requires
funds to
remove and
replace with
alternative
species
2013
2011
Ongoing
End date
for
monitoring?
110
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
111
Canna Lily
Kempsey
?
Urban Coffs
None known
no
0.5ha
1000m2
$1000
$1500
yes
yes
Funds
required?
yes
yes
yes
2009
2010
2020
Eradication If possible,
possible?
estimated
date of
completion?
yes?
2015
ongoing
2010
ongoing
2020
End date
for
monitoring?
Aust. National Council on Irrigation & Drainage
Australian Rail Track Corporation
Telstra
Australian Association of Bush Regenerators
The National association for Sustainable
Agriculture (NASAA)
Biological Farmers of Australia
CSIRO: Entomology
Sustainable Ecosystems
Rural Industries Research & Development
Corporation (RIRDC)
Chemical companies
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Conservation Volunteers Australia
National Waterwatch
Natural Heritage Trust (NHT)
Land & Water Australia
WONS management groups
Australian Weeds Committee
CRC for Australian Weed Management
(CRCAWM)
Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage
and the Arts
NATIONAL
Private
Public
Public
Public, private
Private
Plant Health Australia
Public
e.g. Lantana
Bitou Bush
Gorse
Hymenachne
Public: Solitary Islands
Marine Reserve
(Commonwealth Waters)
Land managers
weedkiller
¥
¥ Certify Pine Oil
¥ (aquatic weeds)
¥
¥
¥
¥
¥ (monitoring
? in future)
¥
¥
¥
¥
Researchers
¥
¥
¥
¥
Policy makers
¥
¥
¥
Envirofund
¥
Grant providers
¥
¥
¥
¥
¥
¥
Information
providers
¥
Legislative
responsibility
The table presented below lists stakeholders with an interest in weeds in the Northern Rivers CMA region and also includes groups that may be encouraged
to be involved in awareness raising/early detection in the future but are not currently involved. The Strategy should try to actively include as many
stakeholders as possible. For example, NSW DPI Fisheries currently manage several marine reserves including the Solitary Islands near Coffs Harbour and
Cape Byron. Although these reserves currently have no marine weed species present, the managers may be willing to participate in an awareness raising
program for potential invasive marine species such as Caulerpa taxifolia, which is currently distributed further south in NSW.
Tabulum
Crescent Head
yes
100m2
Nana Glen
no
Treatment
Occurring/
occurred?
Approx
size
Location
Appendix 17 Weed Stakeholders for Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy
Tenterfield Broad Leaf
Pepper
Green
Cestrum
Cotoneaster
Species
Coffs
Harbour
Landscape LGA
112
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
113
Public
Forests NSW
QLD Weeds Society
Weed Society of
NSW
Australian Plants
Nursery and
Garden Industry
Assoc NSW
National Parks
Association of
NSW
NSW Irrigators
Council
QLD NRM Alan
Fletcher Research
Station (Qld DPI
& F)
Botanic Gardens
Sydney)
NSW Marine
Parks Authority
NSW Roads &
Traffic Authority
Transgrid
National
Herbarium of
NSW (Royal
NSW Dept of
Environment and
Climate Change
(DECC)
Public
Public
¥
¥
¥
¥
¥
¥
¥
¥
¥
(Plant identification services
+ search engine
PLANTNET)
¥
¥
¥
National Parks & Wildlife
Service
Public
¥ Pesticides
Information providers
¥
Grant
providers
¥
¥
¥
¥
Grant
providers
Grant providers
¥
¥
¥
Information providers
¥
¥ (aquatic &
riparian plants - 257
on website incl
Cabomba
Information
providers
¥ (aquarium plants)
Environment Protection
Authority
Land managers
Including Aquatic weed research
group, Grafton
Aquatic reserves
(e.g. Cook I, Tweed Heads),
Marine Parks (Cape Byron,
Solitary Islands)
and Marine component of NPs
Agriculture
NSW DPI
STATE
¥
Crown land
NSW Dept
Natural Resources
NSW Dept Lands
Fisheries
Land managers
Private
Land managers
STATE
Meat & Livestock Aust.
Horticulture Aust. Ltd.
Dairy Australia
Aust. Dairy Farmers
Canegrowers
Ricegrowers Assoc. Aust.
Aust. Bananagrowers Council Inc
Aust. Vegetable & potato growers federation
Aust. Citrus growers Inc
Pecan Growers Assoc.
Farming Groups:
Pet Industry Assoc of Australia
(PIAA)
Australia New Guinea Fishes Association
NATIONAL
¥
Policy
makers
¥
Policy
makers
¥
¥
¥
¥
Researchers
¥
¥
Legislative
responsibility
Threatened Species
Conservation Act 1995
(incl. freshwater
species)
Fisheries Management
Act 1994
Coastal Protection Act
1979
¥
Legislative
responsibility
Pesticides Act 1999
Native Vegetation Act
2003
Threatened Species
Conservation Act 1995.
Marine Parks Act 1997
enforced by MPA,
DECC, DPI officers.
Fisheries Management
¥
Noxious Weeds Act 1993
Legislative
responsibility
¥ Native Vegetation Act
2003
Researchers
Researchers
Policy makers
114
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
115
¥
¥
Public & private
Public/ private
Public/ private
Private
Community
Support Officers
(Coastcare/Landcar
e/
Dunecare/Bushcare
/Wetland Care)
Community groups
e.g. Landcare
Bush regenerators
Landholders
¥
Information
providers
Public/private
¥
¥
¥
Information providers
¥?
¥
Local councils
Land managers
Private
Public/private
Public
¥
¥
¥
¥
Public & Private
Public & private
¥
Public & Private
Information providers
¥
¥
Information providers
Land managers
Armidale
Clarence Valley
Far North Coast
Mid North Coast
North Coast Regional,
Coffs Harbour (includes
Herbarium)
Tweed Shire Regional
Botanic Gardens,
Murwillumbah
Glen Innes
Guyra
Tenterfield
Uralla
Walcha
Northern Zone
Coffs Harbour
Far North Coast
Lismore
Far North coast
Mid North Coast
Northern
Tweed-Lismore
Northern New England
Casino
Grafton
Armidale
Kempsey
Far North Coast District
Council
North Coast
Mid North Coast
Armidale
Southern Cross, Lismore
University of New
England, Armidale
Northern Rivers
Border Rivers-Gwydir
Hunter-Central Rivers
Namoi
North Coast (NCWAC)
Northern Inland
(NIWAC)
Mid North coast
(MNCWAC)
eg FNCW
Land managers
Land managers
LOCAL
Botanic Gardens
North Coast
Environment
Council
National Parks
Association
regional branches
Regional
Aboriginal Land
Councils
REGIONAL
NSW Farmers
Association
Rural Lands
Protection Board
Wetland Care,
Australia
Country Energy
Local Weed
Control Authorities
(LCAs)
Universities
Catchment
Management
Authorities
(CMAs)
Weed Advisory
Committees
REGIONAL
Society (NSW)
Coast and Wetlands
Society Inc
Confederation of
Bushwalking Clubs
NSW
STATE
¥
Grant providers
Grant
providers
¥
Grant
providers
Grant
providers
Legislative
responsibility
¥ Noxious weeds
Act 1993
Legislative
responsibility
Rural Lands Protection
Act 1998
Noxious Weeds Act
1993
¥ Noxious weeds Act
1993
Legislative
responsibility
¥ Native Vegetation
Act 2003
Legislative
responsibility
Researchers
Researchers
¥
Researchers
¥
Researchers
Policy makers
Policy
makers
Policy
makers
Policy
makers
116
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
117
Rural Fire Service
Recreational clubs
Growers Groups
LOCAL
Local
environment/conser
vation groups
Indigenous Green
Teams
Ngurrala Macksville
Dunghutti
Kempsey
Nungera Maclean
Mulli Mulli
Upper Clarence
Tweed Byron
Kingscliff
Bellingen Environment Centre
Big Scrub Environment Centre
Byron Environment Centre
Caldera Environment Centre
Camphor Laurel Research Centre
Clarence Environment Centre
Clarence Valley Conservation Coalition
Nambucca Valley Conservation Inc
Nimbin Environment Centre
Ulitarra Society, Coffs Harbour
CROPO Coffs
TROPO Tweed Richmond
Dorrigo potato growers group
Other growers groups
Fishing Clubs
Scuba diving clubs
Public/private
public
private
Land managers
Private
Local Aboriginal
Land Councils
Amaroo Walcha
Birpai Port Macquarie
Birrigan Gargle Yamba
Bogal Coraki
Boolangle Casino
Bowraville
Bunyah Wauchope
Coffs Harbour
Dorrigo Plateau
Glen Innes
Grafton Ngerrie
Gugin Gudduba Kyogle
Jali Cabbage Tree Island
Jumbullum Tabulum
Kempsey
Macksville
Muli Muli Woodenbong
Nambucca Heads
Ngulingah Lismore
Tenterfield
Thungutti Bellbrook
Yaegl Maclean
Land managers
LOCAL
¥
¥
Information
providers
¥
Information
providers
Grant providers
Grant providers
Policy makers
Policy makers
¥ (monitor in
future?)
Researchers
¥ (monitor?)
Researchers
Legislative
responsibility
Legislative
responsibility
118
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
119
Current Organisational Structure and situation in relation to Weed Management
DECC, Climate Change and Environment Protection Group (former Environment Protection Authority (EPS))
x Circulate important weed information between staff and the Weed Committees
x Promote community awareness of threats posed by deliberate dumping of garden refuse and encourage increased penalties
x Help develop standard procedures for monitoring and environmental assessment of weed management programs
x Encourage the control of noxious and other threatening weeds using best management practices and commencing in high priority areas wherever possible
x Encourage reduced complexity of funding applications wherever possible
DECC, Parks and Wildlife Group (former NPWS)
x Circulate important weed information between the Weed Committees and relevant staff
x Assist in the development of local stakeholder networks
x Map all noxious weeds and, where possible, other threatening weeds on NPWS estate
x Provide information / advice regarding significant environmental and cultural areas and their appropriate management
x Assist LGAs to locate and map threatening environmental weeds
x Help develop standard procedures for monitoring and environmental assessment of weed management programs
x Maintain and enhance funding where possible for the control of noxious and environmental weeds using best management practice
x Continue to undertake trials for improved management of threatening weeds and circulate results to the committee
NSW DPI, Forests
x Circulate important weed information between the Weed Committees and relevant staff
x Assist in the development of local stakeholder networks
x Assist in the mapping of all noxious weeds in the region
x Seek additional funding for control of noxious and environmental weeds on Forest lands and promote / encourage use of best management practices
x Help develop standard procedures for monitoring and environmental assessment of weed management programs
x Provide resources for the training of noxious weeds officers
x Help coordinate and undertake research into more effective weed management techniques including the assessment, release and monitoring of biological control
agents and report results to the committee
x Assist documenting procedures required for all works in order to produce a Project Management Calendar
x Utilise trainees and student internships wherever possible
x Encourage sustainable land practices and other ways to reduce the spread of weeds
x Encourage the inclusion of weed awareness in school curriculums
x Assist in the development of standard procedures for monitoring and environmental assessment
x Encourage and promote control of both declared and non-declared weeds
x Manage grant funds through the state Noxious Weeds Advisory Committee
x Principal legislative responsibility for the Noxious Weeds Act 1993
NSW DPI, Agriculture
x Circulate important weed information such as proposed research, potential weeds and new outbreaks between the committee and relevant staff
x Assist in the development of local stakeholder networks
Local Weed Control Authorities (LCAs)
x Help establish a local stakeholder network
x Circulate important weed information to the Weed Committees
x Assist documenting works procedures and produce Project Management Calendars
x Train Council operational staff in basic weed identification
x Locate and map noxious weeds
x Circulate weed information to new landowners and noxious weed affected property owners
x Assist in field days and establish semi-permanent demonstration sites
x Promote upcoming weed management programs to encourage adjoining landholders and other stakeholders to control their weeds at the same time
x Control noxious weeds and other threatening weeds wherever possible using best management practices, commencing in high priority areas
x Work with and encourage community involvement
NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC
x Promote co-ordination at a regional and local level
x Receive and circulate important weed information between stakeholders
x Promote implementation of the Invasive Plants Action Strategy
x Assist and coordinate regional group funding applications
x Encourage training of noxious weeds officers and other stakeholders
x Strengthen links with research institutions, adjoining regions and the state NWAC
x Help coordinate combined stakeholder promotion, education and awareness programs
x Advise the state NWAC of all important issues relevant to the region
x Continue to lobby for increased funding for weed control within the region
x Assist in the review and updating of strategies
Northern Rivers Catchment Management Authority
Provides the framework for natural resource management in the Northern Rivers Region
x Promotes the strategic control of environmental, noxious and potential weeds using best management practices
x Seeks appropriate funding to implement the Northern Rivers Catchment Action Plan
x Liaises with NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC regarding weed initiatives and circulate weed information between the Weed committees and CMB members
Appendix 18
120
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
121
Community-based groups such as Dunecare, Landcare, Coastcare and Bushcare
x Produce management plans in conjunction with land managers and the community
x Use best management practices and commence control in high priority areas such as upstream locations, good quality native vegetation etc. where possible
x Work in conjunction with other stakeholders such as LGAs, DECC & Lands where possible
x Undertake seed collection for use in local seeding / planting projects where possible
Community Support Officers
x Circulate important weed information between the Weeds Committees and other stakeholders
x Help develop local stakeholder networks
x Help develop standard procedures for monitoring and environmental assessment of management programs
x Continue to support and encourage the development and implementation of local management plans for environmental weed control
x Encourage use of best management practices commencing in high priority areas where possible
x Ensure groups have adequate support and resources
x Encourage seed collection by local community groups
x Encourage coordination between community groups and other stakeholders
x Monitor the success of community projects
x Encourage reduced complexity of funding applications where possible
Research institutions
x Undertake research into more effective weed management techniques
x Liaise with the Weeds Committees regarding weed research and circulate weed information between relevant staff / students and the Weeds Committees
x Promote involvement of students in government department internships for weed management wherever possible
x Help develop standard procedures for monitoring and environmental assessment of weed control programs
Australian Rail Track Corporation
x Circulate important weed information between the Weeds Committees and all relevant staff
x Enforce the Noxious Weeds Act 1993 on their land
x Use best management practices to maintain corridors free of noxious weeds and control environmental weeds where possible, commencing adjoining significant areas
Roads and Traffic Authority (RTA)
x Circulate important weed information between the Weeds Committees and all relevant staff
x Enforce the Noxious Weeds Act 1993 on their land
x Encourage the control of other threatening weeds using best management practices and commencing in high priority areas wherever possible.
Camphor Laurel and Bitou Bush Taskforces
x Assist in the coordinated management of camphor laurel / bitou bush and other threatening weeds in the same habitats
x Circulate relevant information between stakeholders and the Weeds Committees regarding the weed’s distribution, impacts and management
x Identify research needs
Local Network Groups
x Ensure that all stakeholders are represented
x Investigate ways to share resources and assist in weed education and management
x Encourage best practice management including combined stakeholder programs
Local Councils
x Enforce the Noxious Weeds Act 1993 on private and public land
x Circulate important weed information between NCWAC, MNCWAC, NIWAC and all relevant staff
x Assist in the development of local stakeholder networks
x Train and support staff in ways to reduce the spread of weeds
x Help noxious weeds officers / LCAs circulate weed information to new landowners
x Restrict the distribution of environmental weeds through the LEP
x Support and promote the Bushland Friendly Nursery Scheme and participating nurseries
x Assist and promote community weed control projects and help protect them from vandalism
x Work with LGAs to ensure appropriate public consultation, control techniques and replacement species are used when controlling weed street trees
x Investigate and promote establishment of an environmental levy in those LGAs that do not currently have one, for use on all important environmental issues including
weeds
x Encourage the control of noxious and other threatening weeds using best management practices and commencing in high priority areas wherever possible
x Consolidate and promote formal green waste dump sites located away from watercourses
x Educate the community about threats posed by deliberate dumping of garden refuse and consider increasing penalties
Department of Lands
x Circulate important weed management information between the Weed Committees and all relevant staff
x Assist in the development of local stakeholder networks
x Assist with the mapping of all noxious weeds on Crown lands
x Help develop standard procedures for monitoring and environmental assessment of weed management programs
x Seek additional funding for the control of noxious and environmental weeds on Crown lands and promote / encourage use of best management practices
x Continue to streamline the application process for restoration projects on protected lands
x Encourage and assist community groups to develop local site management plans
x Assist in the running of field days and other community education initiatives
There are a range of weed species that are high risk but not yet present in the Northern Rivers CMA region
that could cause significant impacts in the future if allowed to establish. The most effective approach both
in preventing detrimental impacts and minimising financial outlay for control is to target new small
infestations of these species, as soon as they are detected17.
The important steps in this process are:
1) early detection
2) immediate assessment of the site, control methods and funding required for eradication
3) immediate access to funds specifically ear-marked for new incursions
4) treatment
5) guaranteed funding for monitoring/follow-up for at least another five years
Early detection.
Early detection can be both by a formal or informal network. The formal network includes Weeds Officers
for government authorities and botanists. The informal network includes landholders, community groups
and interested individuals. A “Weed Spotters” group could be established and utilised.
WoNS Groups
x Plan, coordinate and monitor the implementation of WoNS strategies
x Advise stakeholders on progress
x Provide information on new strategic directions
x Provide a forum for consultation and communication for those stakeholders involved in WoNS weed management
Telstra, Country Energy and Other Operational Staff
x Circulate important weed management information between staff and the committee
x Train and support staff in ways to reduce the spread of weeds
x Control noxious and environmental weeds using best management practices wherever possible
Farming-Based Groups / Organisations
x Circulate important weed information between the Weeds Committees and members
x Encourage members to assist mapping of all noxious weeds in the region
x Encourage sustainable farming practices that reduce the establishment and spread of weeds
x Encourage combined stakeholder weed management programs where work is done with adjoining public and / or private land managers
Livestock Health and Pest Authorities (LHPAs)
x Circulate important weed information between the Weeds Committees and relevant staff
x Help develop local stakeholder networks
x Assist in the mapping of all noxious weeds in the region
x Seek additional funding for control of noxious and environmental weeds on Travelling Stock Reserves and promote / encourage use of best management practices
Bush Regenerators and Trained Practitioners
x Undertake control of all priority weeds and encourage natural regeneration, area by area, particularly in significant environments
Labour Market Programs (EnviTE, Conservation Volunteers Australia etc.) and Greening Australia (G.A)
x Promote the strategic use of best management practices in weed control programs
x Work in conjunction with other stakeholders wherever possible
x Ensure that staff / participants have adequate training and supervision before working in significant environments
122
Appendix 19.
Development of a Rapid Response program for new incursions of high risk weeds
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Some weed species that are possible threats to the Northern Rivers region have been included in the
Landscape lists in this Strategy; these weeds include Class 1 and Class 2 weeds and are categorised as
Priority A for control. Lists of potential weeds should be widely circulated in brochures with photos and
descriptions of the plants to all local weed practitioners. Information on identification and early detection
of potential weeds could be presented at the Weeds Forum, and at special workshops. This could tie in
with the aquatic weeds early detection program currently running from the Grafton office of NSW DPI18.
Suspected weed species should be submitted to the local weed control authority or sent to the National
Herbarium of NSW 19. Some regional centres such as Coffs Harbour have their own herbarium at their
Botanic Gardens where staff and volunteers will assist with plant identification. 20
Immediate assessment of the site and control methods
A weeds officer from each region could be nominated as the “Early Detection” officer and this person
could be responsible for assessing the site within two weeks of detection, contacting any relevant
specialists required to determine the best practice control methods and deciding the best
person/organisation to carry out the control. This officer would inform the CMA or relevant funding body
of the funds required for eradication.
Funding. The relevant project officer would initiate access to the “early detection” funding program to
allow control to begin within four weeks of detection.
Treatment. Treatment would begin within four weeks of detection.
Monitoring/follow-up.
The project officer of the funding body and the Weeds Officer would collaborate to determine the
frequency of monitoring and follow-up required and the funding required to support this.
17
Issue raised at CMA Board meeting in Dorrigo, 7th November 2006.
This project concludes in December 2008.
19
National Herbarium of NSW, Mrs Macquarie’s Rd, Sydney NSW 2000. (02) 9231 8111. www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov
20
Plant specimens need to be labelled with date, location, name of collector and growth form (e.g. tree, shrub, ground cover,
aquatic). Specimens should include leaves still attached to a stem, and flowers and fruit if possible. Fresh specimens should be
kept moist in a plastic bag.
18
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
123
Appendix 20
Example of a weed species with limited infestations within
the NRCMA area that could be targeted for eradication:
Gorse (a Weed of National Significance)
Shire Name
Number of
infestations?
None known
None known
None known
None known
Gorse Location
Size of
infestation?
Comments
Old Coramba
Rd Nth, off
Megan Rd, nth
of Dorrigo
1ha
2 sites
1. Garden hedge and
paddock, land owner
active.
2. Site 2. Two bushes
within 1km.
Plummers Lane,
Rainbow Beach
<0.1ha
Six plants found in 2006,
sprayed
Kyogle
Tweed
Byron
Richmond
Valley
Lismore
Ballina
Clarence Valley
Coffs Harbour
Bellingen
None known
None known
None known
None known
One
Nambucca
Kempsey
None known
One
Port Macquarie
Hastings
Tenterfield
None known
One
Boonoo Boonoo
t/o
100m2 over
5ha
Glen Innes
Guyra
Armidale
One
None known
Two
Glenlegh Road
<0.1ha
Ebor
<0.5ha
Ebor: garden hedge, 50m
long
Kelly’s Plains
Balalla Rd
(Border
Rivers/Gwydir
CMA?)
<0.5ha
<0.2ha
Hedgerow
Controlled annually by
landowner for last 15
years
Uralla
One
Walcha
None known
124
Appendix 21
Preliminary steps towards development of a standardised Reporting system
One of the aims of this Strategy was to provide initial steps towards the development of a
standardised reporting system which identifies contribution to actions, meets Local Government
Reporting processes, reports contributions to CAP targets and establishes the mechanism which
enables the collation of data on NRCMA area investments in weed management. Current Weed
Management Reporting formats across the NRCMA region were discussed at the initial advisory group
meeting, the Weed Prioritisation Workshop and during the development of the Strategy with a wide
range of stakeholders. There currently appears to be no standard Local Government reporting process,
consequently report formats from as many LGAs as possible were sought to ascertain basic
requirements and similarities. Some agencies such as DECC and NSW DPI have stated their interest in
being involved in a standardised reporting process, however achieving a format that suits a diversity of
stakeholders may be a very difficult and slow process. The format has to achieve the collection of
relevant practical data but remain realistic about the level of data that is likely to be recorded by onground operators. If the format is too complex, operators will be deterred from participating in the
process. An example of this is the current CMA Blueprint Recording System where one section
requires categorisation of soil type eg krasnozems, solanchaks etc. This is beyond the expertise of most
bush regenerators/weed control operators and hence this field is usually left blank. This type of data is
also questionable in its relevance to weed control since most weeds are highly adaptable and occur
across a variety of soil types. If categorising a characteristic such as soil type was later deemed to be
significant to weed management, a more accurate method of determination would probably involve the
use soil maps or the utilisation of trained earth scientists.
A draft possible reporting form is included on the following page. This type of form could be
used as a standard reporting form by all practitioners to identify contributions to weed management
actions. Once all of the LGA reporting forms have been obtained, a form similar to this but including
their attributes could be developed which should then satisfy Local Government reporting processes.
This type of form and an associated interactive website would allow collation of data across the entire
region by being useable by weed practitioners operating at all levels (i.e. from Chief Weeds Officers to
bush regenerators and Landcare volunteers)
Present over 100 years.
Private property. Around
old post office site.
Heavier soil
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
The other important component of standardised reporting is the development of a specific weed
mapping system that is user-friendly and that could be used across the Northern Rivers CMA region.
Currently, several agencies are having difficulties with their weed mapping programs. One program
now has no technical support as the supplier has closed. Supporting the development of a user-friendly
weed specific mapping system is identified in this Strategy as an important priority for the NRCMA
over the next few years.
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
125
Draft
REPORTING FORM
CMA No.:……… - ................
(LGA no.)
Weed management activities
Date
Date first assessed……./……./……….
(site no.)
Agency
e.g. 14.06.2006
Envirotek
12.4. 2012
Envirotek
WEED MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES LOG
Activity
Cut & paint kudzu tubers with glyphosate, covered 50% of site
Problems
None
LOCATION OF SITE /SITE NAME (e.g. LGA + specific location + weed patch no. e.g. Bellingen, Kethels Rd, patch 1)
....................................................................................................................................
GPS coordinates:
(approx. centre of site)
E: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
N: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Area of site (approx.) e.g. 100m x 50m or 60ha .....................................................
Land tenure: Nature Res. | Nat. Park |State Forest | TSR | Crown leasehold | State Forest | Council | Private |
Other
If Private, Owner’s name: ......................................................
If Other, describe? .................................................................
Inspected site, no re-sprouts visible for 3 years now. Kudzu
appears to be eradicated.
Topographical Position: Ridge | Midslope | Gully | Flat
Map? Yes (attached) | No
Please provide a description of how this weed management project contributed to reducing the
threat to biodiversity ....................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.............................
SITE DESCRIPTION
Dominant vegetation type: Pasture | Plantation | Woody Weeds | Rainforest | Wet sclerophyll forest | Dry sclerophyll
forest | Woodland | Heath | Native Grassland | Wetland | Other Weeds | Melaleuca swamp | Crop
Growth stage:
Old Growth | Mature | Young
(NRCMA Catchment Action Plan Management Target
B3 - Biodiversity Threat Mitigation)
Situation (site located at or adjacent to, circle as many as are appropriate: Beach | Tidal river | Non-tidal river | Creek |
Steep headwater | Mountain | Hill | Valley | Rocky Gorge | Floodplain | Urban area | Road | Freeway or highway | Dam or
billabong | Mine or quarry | Railway line | Other
Dominant canopy species (list one or more): (eg River Oak, Blackbutt, Wattle)
Data entered by: .......................................................................................
Title: ...........................................................................................
Employer: ...................................................
Contact phone:.............................................Email:.......................................................
................................................................................................................................................
Threatened communities/populations or species present:
Present | Absent | Not known
If present, please name: ............................................................................................................
Local corridor? Yes | No
Site considered COMPLETE after annual inspections reveal no signs of target weed species for
...................... years?
WEEDS
% of site affected by all weeds? .................% of site affected by target weed (if relevant)? .............
Target weed species (give name if relevant): .......................................................................
Declared Noxious: Yes | No
If Yes, Class: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5
List main weeds at site: ............................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
126
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
127
The CMA No.
Acronyms and Abbreviations
This number could have two components to make it most useable by all weed practitioners from
regional level to local level. The first component, the LGA number,
could be used by all weed practitioners to immediately identify which Local Government Area a weed
site is located in. The second component, the site number, identifies the site within the LGA.
Example:
Region
Far North Coast
Mid North Coast
Northern Tablelands
LGA name
Kyogle
Tweed
Byron
Richmond Valley
Lismore
Ballina
Clarence Valley
Coffs Harbour
Bellingen
Nambucca
Kempsey
Port Macquarie
Hastings
Tenterfield
Glen Innes/Severn
Guyra
Uralla
Armidale/Dumaresq
Walcha
AQIS
ARTC
BSC
CAP
CHCC
CHRL
CRC WM
CROPO
CVC
DECC
EnviTE
FNCW
HCV
Lands
LCA
LGA
LEP
LHPA
MNCWAC
MNC WORS
NCWAC
NGINA
NEWA
NIWAC
NRC
NRCMA
NSC
NSW DPI
NT NRETA
NWAC
Qld DPI & F
Qld NRW
RTA
SA DWLBC
SF
Tas DPIW
WAC
WoNS
Proposed LGA no. for the
first component of the
CMA no.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Second component of the CMA number: After the weed practitioner/data entry operator enters the
LGA number onto the website system, the system could immediately allocate the next available
number within that LGA, and that number becomes the site number. If the system allocates the
numbers within LGAs as the data is entered, this avoids time that would be wasted if various agencies
had to confer on numbers available.
128
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service
Australian Rail Track Corporation
Bellingen Shire Council
Catchment Action Plan
Coffs Harbour City Council
Coffs Harbour Regional Landcare
Cooperative Research Centre for Australian Weed Management
Coffs Regional Organic Producers Organisation Inc.
Clarence Valley Council
NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change
Environmental Training and Employment Inc.
Far North Coast Weeds
High Conservation Value
Department of Lands
Local Control Authorities
Local Government Area
Local Environment Plan
Livestock Health and Pest Authorities
Mid North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee
Mid North Coast Weeds of Regional Significance
NSW North Coast Weeds Advisory Committee
Nursery and Garden Industry Association
New England Weeds Authority
Northern Inland Weeds Advisory Committee
NSW Natural Resources Commission
Northern Rivers Catchment Management Authority
Nambucca Shire Council
NSW Department of Primary Industries
NT Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts
Noxious Weeds Advisory Committee
Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries Queensland
Department of Natural Resources and Water Queensland
Roads and Traffic Authority
SA Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation
Forests NSW
Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries and Water
Weed Advisory Committee
Weeds of National Significance
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
129
Index of Weed Species that were assessed for this Strategy
Acetosa sagittata........................................22, 83-86
AFRICAN BOXTHORN.............13, 25, 95-97, 108
AFRICAN LOVEGRASS..........................25, 95-97
Ageratina riparia.......................................24, 91-94
Ailanthus altissima.....................................25, 95-97
ALLIGATOR WEED.....20, 61, 69, 71-76, 102, 103
Alternanthera philoxeroides..........20, 61, 69, 71-76,
.................................................................... 102, 103
Anredera cordifolia..............................23, 24, 87-94
Araujia sericifera.................................23, 24, 87-94
Aristolochia elegans...................................24, 91-94
Asparagus aethiopicus..................22, 23, 26, 83-86,
............................................................87-90, 98-101
Asparagus asparagoides................23, 66, 69, 87-90
Asparagus plumosus.............................22-23, 83-90
Baccharis halimifolia..........22, 25, 62, 83-86, 95-97
BALLOON VINE..............................24, 91-94, 107
BITOU BUSH....................22, 34, 50, 63, 69, 83-86
BLACKBERRY......16, 21, 25, 37, 69, 77-82, 95-97
BLACK LOCUST..............................24, 91-94, 106
Cardiospermum grandiflorum............24, 91-94, 107
Carduus nutans subsp. nutans...................21, 77-82
Carthamus lanatus.....................................21, 77-82
CASTOR OIL............................................24, 91-94
CAT’S CLAW CREEPER..............23-25, 35, 87-94
CELTIS....... 23-25, 36, 62, 87-94, 98-101, 105, 109
Celtis sinensis..........................23-25, 36, 62, 87-94,
.......................................................98-101, 105, 109
Centaurea calcitrapa.................................21, 77-82
Cestrum parqui...........21, 25, 26, 62, 77-82, 95-101
CHERRY GUAVA...............................22, 32, 83-86
CHILEAN NEEDLE GRASS.................. 21, 25, 69,
......................................................77-82, 95-97, 104
CHINESE TALLOW.................26, 62, 98-101, 109
Chrysanthemoides monilifera............ 22, 34, 50, 63,
...................................................................69, 83-86
Cinnamomum camphora........ 23, 24, 26, 36, 37, 49,
....................................................87-94, 98-101, 120
CLIMBING ASPARAGUS..................22, 23, 83-90
CLIMBING NIGHTSHADE.....................23, 87-90
BLUE HELIOTROPE........................21, 77-82, 104
BLUE MORNING GLORY......................24, 91-94
BRIDAL CREEPER......................23, 66, 69, 87-90
BROAD LEAF PASPALUM.....................22, 83-86
BROAD LEAF PEPPER TREE............... 24, 26, 62,
............................................................91-94, 98-101
BROAD LEAF PRIVET.....................23-26, 87-101
BROOM CAPE...........................25, 95-97, 107-109
BROOM SCOTCH.....................25, 95-97, 107-108
Brugmansia x candida...............................24, 91-94
Bryophyllum delagoense.................... 21, 22, 26, 62,
............................................................77-86, 98-101
BULBIL WATSONIA........................23, 87-90, 105
CABOMBA...........................20, 66, 69, 71-76, 112
Cabomba caroliniana............20, 66, 69, 71-76, 112
Caesalpinia decapetala..................23, 24, 62, 87-94
COCKSCOMB CORAL............................24, 91-94
COCOS PALM........................................26, 98-101
Colocasia esculenta..................20, 24, 71-76, 91-94
COOLATAI GRASS.....................21, 25, 35, 77-82,
.................................................................95-97, 104
CORAL BERRY................................24, 91-94, 106
COTONEASTER...............25, 26, 95-101, 109, 110
Cotoneaster franchettii......25, 26, 95-101, 109, 110
Cotoneaster glaucophyllus... 25, 26, 95-101, 109, 110
Cotoneaster pannosus........25, 26, 95-101, 109, 110
Crataegus monogyna.................................25, 95-97
CUPHEA....................................................21, 77-82
Cuphea carthagenensis..............................21, 77-82
Cytisus scoparius........................25, 95-97, 107-108
Delairea odorata........................................23, 87-90
DENSE WATERWEED.......................20, 66, 71-76
CAMPHOR LAUREL............. 23, 24, 26, 36, 37, 49,
....................................................87-94, 98-101, 120
CANNA LILY..................................26, 98-101, 110
Canna indica....................................26, 98-101, 110
CAPE IVY.................................................23, 87-90
DEVILS TRUMPET..................................24, 91-94
DUTCHMANS PIPE.................................24, 91-94
Egeria densa........................................20, 66, 71-76
Eichhornia crassipes............................20, 61, 71-76
Erythrina crista-galli.................................24, 91-94
130
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
EURASIAN WATER MILFOIL..........20, 61, 71-76
EAST INDIAN HYGROPHILA.........20, 61, 71-76
ELODEA............................................20, 71-76, 102
Elodea canadensis.............................20, 71-76, 102
ENGLISH IVY..........................................25, 95-97
Equisetum species..........................20, 61, 67, 71-76
Eragrostis curvula......................................25, 95-97
Euphorbia cyathophora.............................22, 83-86
FIREWEED..............21, 25, 77-82, 95-97, 104, 108
FIRETHORN.............................25, 26, 95-101, 109
FISHBONE FERN...................................26, 98-101
FIVE LEAF MORNING GLORY................. 22, 24,
..............................................................83-86, 91-94
FRUIT TREES (WILD).............................25, 95-97
Genista monspessulana...............25, 95-97, 107-109
GIANT PARRAMATTA GRASS...... 21, 25, 48, 62,
..............................................................77-82, 95-97
GIANT PASPALUM.................................22, 83-86
GIANT RAT’S TAIL GRASS ............21, 62, 77-82
Gleditsia triacanthos.......................24-25, 62, 91-97
Gloriosa superba.......................................22, 83-86
GLORY LILY............................................22, 83-86
GLUSH WEED..........................20, 71-76, 102, 103
GOLDEN TRUMPET TREE...................26, 98-101
GORSE............................ 25, 28, 30, 36, 37, 61, 62,
....................................69, 95-97, 107-109, 111, 124
GREEN CESTRUM.......................... 21, 25, 26, 62,
............................................................77-82, 95-101
GROUND/BASKET ASPARAGUS.........22-23, 26,
............................................................83-90, 98-101
GROUNDSEL BUSH.........22, 25, 62, 83-86, 95-97
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides..........20, 61, 68, 71-76
HAWTHORN.............................................25, 95-97
Hedera helix...............................................25, 95-97
Heliotropium amplexicaule................21, 77-82, 104
Hyparrhenia hirta.......21, 25, 35, 77-82, 95-97, 104
Hypericum perforatum........21, 25, 65, 77-82, 95-97
Hypoestes phyllostachya..........................26, 98-101
HONEY LOCUST.........................24, 25, 62, 91-97
HORSETAILS...............................20, 61, 67, 71-76
Hygrophila costata.....................20, 71-76, 102, 103
Hygrophila polysperma........................20, 61, 71-76
HYMENACHNE.............20, 30, 61, 69, 71-76, 111
Hymenachne amplexicaulis................ 20, 30, 61, 69,
.................................................................71-76, 111
Ipomoea alba.............................................24, 91-94
Ipomoea cairica........................22, 24, 83-86, 91-94
Ipomoea indica...........................................24, 91-94
JAPANESE HONEYSUCKLE..................23, 87-90
JOHNSON GRASS...........................21, 77-82, 104
KUDZU.....................23, 24, 36, 62, 87-94, 105-107
LANTANA........................21-24, 35, 39, 43, 50, 66,
...........................................................69, 77-94, 111
Lantana camara................21-24, 35, 39, 43, 50, 66,
...........................................................69, 77-94, 111
LEUCAENA......................................24, 91-94, 106
Leucaeana leucocephala....................24, 91-94, 106
Ligustrum lucidum..............................23-26, 87-101
Ligustrum sinense...............................23-26, 87-101
LIMNOCHARIS..................................20, 61, 71-76
Limnocharis flava.................................20, 61, 71-76
LIPPIA.......................................................21, 77-82
Lonicera japonica......................................23, 87-90
Ludwigia longifolia..............................20, 66, 71-76
Ludwigia peruviana...................................20, 71-76
Lycium ferocissium.......................13, 25, 95-97, 108
Macfadyena unguis-cati.................23, 24, 35, 87-94
Macroptilium atropurpureum.....................22, 83-86
MADEIRA VINE................................23, 24, 87-94
Malus domestica........................................25, 95-97
Melinis minutiflora.....................................22, 83-86
MICKEY MOUSE PLANT.....22, 26, 83-86, 98-101
MISTFLOWER..........................................24, 91-94
MOLASSES GRASS.................................22, 83-86
MOONFLOWER.......................................24, 91-94
MOTH VINE........................................23, 24, 87-94
MOTHER-OF-MILLIONS................ 21, 22, 26, 62,
............................................................77-86, 98-101
Myriophyllum aquaticum...........................20, 71-76
Myriophyllum spicatum.......................20, 61, 71-76
MYSORE THORN........................23, 24, 62, 87-94
NARROW LEAF PRIVET.................23-26, 87-101
Nassella neesiana........21, 25, 69, 77-82, 95-97, 104
Nassella trichotoma......21, 25, 62, 70, 77-82, 95-97
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
131
Nephrolepis cordifolia.............................26, 98-101
NODDING THISTLE................................21, 77-82
Nymphaea mexicana..................................20, 71-76
Ochna serrulata......................22, 26, 83-86, 98-101
PAINTED SPURGE..................................22, 83-86
PARROTS FEATHER................................20, 71-76
Paspalum urvillei.......................................22, 83-86
Paspalum wettsteinii..................................22, 83-86
PINK POLKADOT PLANT....................26, 98-101
Pinus elliotti............................23, 26, 87-90, 98-101
Pinus radiata..............................................23, 87-90
Pistia stratiotes....................................20, 61, 71-76
Psidium cattleianum var. cattleianum............ 22, 32,
.........................................................................83-86
Puereria lobata.........23, 24, 36, 62, 87-94, 105-107
Phyla spp. .................................................21, 77-82
Pyracantha angustifolia.............25, 26, 95-101, 109
Pyracantha crenulata.................25, 26, 95-101, 109
RADIATA PINE........................................23, 87-90
Ricinus communis......................................24, 91-94
Rivina humilis....................................24, 91-94, 106
Robinia pseudoacacia........................24, 91-94, 106
Rosa rubiginosa.........................................21, 77-82
Rubus fruticosus agg. spp............ 16, 21, 25, 37, 69,
..............................................................77-82, 95-97
SAFFRON THISTLE.................................21, 77-82
SAGITTARIA......................................20, 66, 71-76
Sagittaria platyphylla...........................20, 66, 71-76
Salix spp.............................24, 25, 62, 66, 70, 91-97
SALVINIA.....13, 20, 35, 36, 61, 62, 69, 71-76, 103
Salvinia molesta..................... 13, 20, 35, 36, 61, 62,
...........................................................69, 71-76, 103
Schefflera actinophylla.........................22, 23, 83-90
Schinus terebinthifolius.....24, 26, 62, 91-94, 98-101
Senecio madagascarensis...................21, 25, 77-82,
.........................................................95-97, 104, 108
SENEGAL TEA.............................20, 61, 68, 71-76
Senna pendula var. glabrata......................22, 83-86
SERRATED TUSSOCK.................... 21, 25, 62, 70,
..............................................................77-82, 95-97
SINGAPORE DAISY.............22, 26, 83-86, 98-101
SIRATRO...................................................22, 83-86
132
SLASH PINE..........................23, 26, 87-90, 98-101
Solanum seaforthianum.............................23, 87-90
Sorghum halepense............................21, 77-82, 104
Sphagneticola trilobata...........22, 26, 83-86, 98-101
Sporobolus fertilis.........21, 25, 48, 62, 77-82, 95-97
Sporobolus pyramidalis.......................21, 62, 77-82
STAR THISTLE.........................................21, 77-82
ST JOHNS WORT..............21, 25, 65, 77-82, 95-97
Stratiotes aloides..................................20, 61, 71-76
SWEET BRIAR.........................................21, 77-82
Syagrus romanzoffiana.............................26, 98-101
Tabebuia chrysotricha..............................26, 98-101
TARO........................................20, 24, 71-76, 91-94
Tecoma stans......................................26, 62, 98-101
TRAD...................................................23, 24, 87-94
Tradescantia fluminensis......................23, 24, 87-94
Trapa spp.............................................20, 61, 71-76
TREE OF HEAVEN........................... 25, 95, 96, 97
Triadica sebifera........................26, 62, 98-101, 109
TURKEY RHUBARB...............................22, 83-86
Ulex europaeus........... 25, 28, 30, 36, 37, 61, 62, 69,
..........................................95-97, 107-109, 111, 124
UMBRELLA TREE.............................22, 23, 83-90
WATER CALTROP..............................20, 61, 71-76
WATER HYACINTH...........................20, 61, 71-76
WATER LETTUCE.............................20, 61, 71-76
WATER PRIMROSE.................................20, 71-76
WATER SOLDIERS............................20, 61, 71-76
Watsonia meriana..............................23, 87-90, 105
WILLOWS.........................24, 25, 62, 66, 70, 91-97
WILLOW PRIMROSE........................20, 66, 71-76
WINTER SENNA......................................22, 83-86
YELLOW BELLS..............................26, 62, 98-101
YELLOW WATER LILY...........................20, 71-76
Northern Rivers Invasive Plants Action Strategy 2009-2013
Photo Credits
Back Cover: (left to right)
Row 1: Meri Oakwood (Butterleaf National Park), Meri Oakwood (Madeira Vine, Kempsey), Peter Foster (Guy Fawkes National Park)
Row 2: Rod Ensbey (Siam Weed), Des Boorman (Landscape), Des Boorman (Cockspur Coral Tree)
Row 3: Des Boorman (Broad Leaf Pepper Tree), Des Boorman (Miconia), Brian Worboys (Water Lettuce)
Row 4: Reece Luxton (Boyd River), Tim Scanlon (Bitou Bush at Fiddamans Beach), Reece Luxton (Coastline South of Wooli)
NSW NORTH COAST WEED ADVISORY COMMITTEE
NSW NORTH COAST WEED
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
ISBN: 978-0-646-51274-7