Worldwide Dewey
Models 11: UKOLN/mda Terminology
Workshop
Diane Vizine-Goetz
OCLC Online Computer Library Center
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Outline of talk
How the DDC is evolving to meet the
present & future needs of worldwide users
Dewey in the Desire II project: the
OCLC/NetLab collaboration
Enriching the content of the DDC
database through vocabulary mapping
projects
Copyright 2000 OCLC
How Dewey evolves
Restructuring in new editions
Continuous updates
Multilingual use
Copyright 2000 OCLC
New editions
Restructuring
To reflect new views and fields of interest
Citation order changed in life sciences
To remove bias
Reduction in Christian bias in religion
To provide for new topics
Computer science updated and expanded
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Continuous updates
Biweekly
New Library of Congress Subject Headings
(LCSH) mapped to DDC numbers
Monthly
New and changed entries
Annual electronic edition
Inclusion of frequently used synthesized
numbers in Dewey for Windows and Dewey in
CORC
Copyright 2000 OCLC
New and Changed Entries for
December 1999
The following new and changed entries are effective on December 1.
Change is underlined.
Edition 21
Changed entry:
796.522 3 Rock climbing
Class sport and indoor rock climbing in 796.5224
New entry:
796.522 4 Sport climbing
Class here indoor climbing
Copyright 2000 OCLC
New Library of Congress Subject
Headings (LCSH) mapped to DDC
numbers
LC Subject Headings (Weekly List 1999 no. 41)
Celebrities in mass media
Chocolate desserts
Cornea--Laser surgery
Internet (Computer network)--Law and legislation
Internet literacy
LASIK (Eye surgery)
Libraries and poor children
Methamphetamine abuse
Riker, William T. (Fictitious character)
Sabrina the Teenage Witch (Fictitious character)
Xena, Warrior Princess (Fictitious character)
Copyright 2000 OCLC
DDC 21 Numbers
302.2308621
641.86
617.719059
343.09944
004.678, 025.04
617.719059
027.625
362.299, 616.864
791.4375, 791.4572
791.4572
791.4572
Inclusion of frequently used synthesized
numbers in DFW and Dewey in CORC
Multilingual use
Worldwide use in WorldCat
59 national bibliographies use Dewey,
including the BNB
Translations underway or under discussion
in 11 languages
Translations often lead to expansions or
adaptations to address cultural needs not
met by standard arrangement
Copyright 2000 OCLC
English/French/Spanish DDC
551.65
Weather forecasts and reports for
specific areas
551.65
Prévisions et bulletins
météorologiques pour des régions
déterminées
551.65
Pronósticos e informes del tiempo
atmosférico para áreas especificas
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Dewey in the Desire II project: the
OCLC/NetLab collaboration
Why use Dewey -- traditional schemes such as
the DDC have many features that make them
powerful tools in the electronic environment:
Well-defined categories
Well-developed hierarchies
Meaningful notation, and
A rich network of relationships
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Further...
Classification systems have rich potential
as switching languages in the polyglot
Web environment--the controlled
vocabulary (the notation) remains the
same when the concept descriptions and
indexes appear in another language
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Engineering electronic library,
Sweden (EELS)
DESIRE project partner
Subject-Based Information Gateway
Service contains ~1,400 Internet resources
about engineering
The resources are selected according to
agreed-upon quality criteria, intellectually
described & assigned thesaurus terms and
class codes from the Ei scheme
Copyright 2000 OCLC
"All" Engineering resources on the
Internet
As a complement to EELS, the service
provides access to 253,000 harvested
engineering pages
The pages are searchable by full text and
browsable by domain/country, title, most
cited URL, and most-cited engineering file
directories
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Common goals
To test the effectiveness of a universal
scheme v.s. a subject specific scheme for
organizing a large domain specific
collection
To refine research methodologies for
automated subject assignment
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Research questions
Should we employ universal schemes,
subject specific systems, or both for
domain specific collections?
How can reactive schemes deal with
emerging topics?
What schemes provide effective bases for
automated subject description?
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Some characteristics of Ei and
Dewey (engineering)
Ei
700 classification
categories
16,000 terms mapped
to class structure
8,273 of these are
preferred terms
DDC
2,210 classification
numbers
3,699 Dewey index
terms
587 intellectually
mapped terms
2,263 statistically
mapped terms
Total = 6,549
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Automated classification in the
DESIRE II project
Matched Ei terms to text in more than
132,000 harvested engineering pages
For matched terms, associated Ei classes
are assigned to the documents
The matches are weighted based on
term complexity, location of term in the
document, frequency
Copyright 2000 OCLC
NetLab Results
86,468 documents classified
About 6 class codes assigned per
document
57% percent class codes automatically
assigned to 923 EELS documents matched
the intellectual classifications
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Sample page for automated
classification
Results
Automated classification with
DDC using Scorpion
Uses the DDC knowledge structure
Enhanced with supplemental terminology
Employs an IR approach
Terms extracted from documents, formulated
as a query, produces a ranked list of DDC
classes
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Enhanced DDC database--Terms for
Semiconductors (621.38152)
DDC Index Terms
 Crystal devices--electronics
 Miniaturization--electronics
 Modules--electronics
 Optoelectronic devices
 Semiconductors
 Thin-film technology
 Wafers (Electronics)
Mapped Terms
 Quantum dots
 Amorphous semiconductors
 Compound semiconductors
 Electric contacts
 Ferroelectric thin films
 Gallium arsenide
semiconductors
 Hot carriers
 Ion implantation
 Lithography, Electron beam
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Scorpion Classifier
Scorpion results
Next Steps
Compare DDC intellectual & automated
classifications for subset of EELS
documents
Provide browsing access to document
collection using both schemes
Map Ei & DDC class structures to enable
cross-database browsing (EELS service to
CORC, and the reverse)
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Enrich Dewey by linking to other
knowledge organization schemes
Vocabulary Mapping
Enhances vocabulary & terminology
Expands the knowledge base
Enables the construction of custom views
linked to or derived from the general scheme
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Vocabulary Mapping Projects
LCSH & LC Children's Subject Headings
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
A Women's Thesaurus
Engineering Index Thesaurus (for research
purposes only)
GEM subject terms
ERIC Thesaurus (under discussion)
Bioethics Thesaurus (under discussion)
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Associated Vocabulary Profile
Source of Term
Strength of
Association
Editorially mapped LCSH Strong
CORC Association
Method
Tag
IM
Intellectual
Subject Headings
for Children
Strong/broader
numbers
SHC
Intellectual
LCSH in NetFirst
Moderate to
Strong
NF
Intellectual
OCLC WorldCat
Moderate
SM
Statistical
DFW (from WorldCat)
Weak
FM
Statistical
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Statistics for terms associated
with core Dewey framework
Term Type
Count
Dewey Index
Intellectually mapped (IM)
Children's Headings (SHC)
NetFirst (NF)
Statistically Mapped (SM)
Frequency Mapped (FM)
Total
64,427
4,220
15,201
6,978
32,075
52,104
175,005
Copyright 2000 OCLC
General Taxonomy Service
 Descriptions of classes
 Brief (class number and caption); Medium (brief plus DDC index
terms); Full (all information associated with a DDC class)
 Custom relationships
 Hierarchical; Interdisciplinary
 Associated Terminology
 DDC Relative Index terms (Including terms from translated editions)
 Mapped Vocabularies (e.g., LCSH, MeSH, etc.
 Other Services
 Class number updating; Class number decomposition
 Multilingual views based on translations of DDC
 Web site organizing tools (numbers and captions of 50,000 most
frequently used categories)
Copyright 2000 OCLC
Links
 OCLC Office of Research
http://www.oclc.org/oclc/research/
 Dewey Research Projects
http://www.oclc.org/~vizine/Dewey_Research/
 OCLC Forest Press http://www.oclc.org/oclc/fp/index.htm
 CORC http://corc.oclc.org/
 Engineering electronic library, Sweden (EELS) http://eels.lub.lu.se/
Copyright 2000 OCLC