Seveso Directive on the control
of major-accident hazards
involving dangerous substances
Implementation 2009- 2011
European Commission, DG Environment
Air & Industrial Emissions Unit
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Fundamentals of Seveso
•
•
•
•
Objective = prevention of major accidents and
limitation of their consequences.
Scope = based on quantity of dangerous
substances present =› categories of substances
under certain EU hazard classifications
2-tier approach - Requirements proportionate to
the risk (tonnage thresholds) – Upper tier and lower
tier establishments
3-Yearly reports by Member States
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Fundamentals of Seveso
Prevention of major accidents
Safety Management = task of the operator
Inspections = task of inspection authorities
Limitation of the consequences on man and
the environment
Disaster Management – Internal and external
emergency planning - Information
= task of operator and public authorities
Number of establishments
Total
upper-tier
increase
upper-tier
lower-tier
10314
4791 (46%)
6%
5523 (54%)
2008
4528
15%
No data
2005
3949
7%
No data
2011
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Number of establishments
o DE has about 25% of all Seveso establishments
o FR, IT and UK have about 10% each
o FI has most per mio inhabitants - 49 per million
followed by LU and SE
o MT has the highest concentration - 34 per 1000
km2, followed by BE, NL, LU and DE
o 19 Member States have fewer than 3 Seveso
establishments per 1000 km2.
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Most relevant industry sectors
• 50% of all establishments are active in
• o
• o
• o
• o
• o
Fuel storage (including heating, retail sale..)
Production of general chemicals and of basic
organic chemicals
Power generation, supply and distribution
LPG production, bottling, storage and bulk
distribution
Wholesale and retail storage and distribution
(excluding LPG)
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Safety reports and internal emergency
plans (upper-tier)
% of operators % of operators having drawn up internal
having submitted emergency plans
a safety report
2011
98%
99%
2008
98%
98%
2005
94%
94%
7
External emergency plans
(EEPs)(upper-tier)
• EEPs have to be established by the competent authorities.
They have to be reviewed and tested at intervals of no
longer than three years
% of establishments for % of EEPs tested
which EEPs are drawn up
2009-2011
93%
73%
2005-2008
91%
60%
2002-2005
68%
40%
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Information to the public (upper-tier)
• Information on safety measures and requisite behaviour in the
event of an accident has to be supplied regularly to persons
liable to be affected by a major accident.
9
Information to the public
% of establishments for which information was received
by the public
2012
87%
2008
80%
2005
72%
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Inspections
%
of
inspected
upper-tier % of lower-tier inspected
2011
66%
43%
2008
66%
No data reported
2005
69%
No data reported
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Use of coercive instruments
• In 2009-2011, coercive instruments have been
applied in 5895 cases
• Most used instruments: formal notice, written
orders, compliance orders and administrative fines
•
• 38 cases of prohibition of use of the establishment
• No criminal proceedings reported
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Accident statistics (eMARS)
• On average, 27 major accidents are reported per
year. This means a relative reduction, considering
the increase in the number of Seveso sites
Major accidents
20002011
Upper
Lower
tier
tier
224
43
Involving Involving
toxic
extremely
substances flammable
substances
Involving
very toxic
substances
91
53
Tier
not
known
54
80
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Accident statistics (eMARS)
• Most reported incidents are major 'Seveso' accidents
(321)
• Near misses/other events are less reported (35)
• Since 2006, no off-site fatalities reported
Number
of
fatalities Number of injuries caused
caused by major accidents by major accidents
2010
9
23
2000
27
126
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Accident statistics (eMARS)
• Six activity types contributed to › 10 events
Total number
of
establishments
%
Total
events
%
Frequency
368
3.8
10
2.8
0.7
267
2.8
13
3.6
1.3
877
9.2
18
5
0.5
Processing of metals
78
0.8
21
5.9
7
Petrochemical / Oil Refineries
238
2.5
72
20
8
General chemicals manufacture (not included
above)
591
6.2
101
28
4.5
Other activity
276
2.9
34
9.5
3.2
Activity Type
Plastic and rubber manufacture
Production and storage of pesticides, biocides,
fungicides
Wholesale and retail storage and distribution
(excluding LPG)
For more information…
• DG ENV website
• http://ec.europa.eu/environment/seveso/index.
htm
• Contact: Jill Michielssen
([email protected])
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