z"ga,wv xjbhp ,arpk rutk tmuh
(8 rpxn)
vkutdv ,ruac q vpxuv
'ohrjt og od ,uhj lu,n vz ,usut tuv rcsn _ ,hnhbp ,uhj
kmt 'u,hc hbc kmt "ktrah .rt itf vag"s vtruvv ,t oxrpnu
kf og vz ,usut rcsna sg 'uhshnk, kmt f"uftgu 'uhkt ohcurev
ohrcs tuv rcsn 'u,uhnhbpn tc vza iuhfu 'uhkt ghdvk kufha hn
z"hg f"uftgu 'o,kugp ohkgupu 6ckv kt ohxbfba ckv in ohtmuhv
ohagb ohgnuav oda kgupa sg /unmg ,sucgn whj tndus vtrna
/"rcsn whv krudv" _ ohrcsn
,nab hukhgk
cuajv rujcv
kfk snjbu cuvt
cck cuyu apb reh
ubnhv vjub ,uhrcv jur
v"g hukv lknhkt xjbp
t"yjkch ic
t"yhka hukv rat vnka r"rv
rgbsktd
uhnh hnsc ;yeb
vba ohragu sjt ic u,uhvc
asue ,ca crgc
c"xa,wv zun, v"f
*
t"yhka uhruv h"g xpsb
For this and other books on Moshiach & Geulah, go to:
http://www.torah4blind.org
TO DEDICATE AN ISSUE IN HONOR OF A LOVED ONE, CALL (323) 934-7095
32
vkutdv ,ruac q vpxuv
ogs idguu ysgr rg zR zhc 'ohshnk, gbhhz Rc f"uftgu 'uhkt ohcure
ynue xTs zR skRchuu iut 'ifhhrdrgs ige rg ignguu um gkR hs yhn
kt ohxbfb xTuu ckv in ohtmuhv ohrcs rg ysgr ',uhnhbp ihhz iup
tndus R yzhhuuRc rg xTuu ogs lrus f"uftgu 'o,kugp ohkgupu 6ckv
irguu ohgnua hs lhut zR yfRn rg zR zhc /vsucg gbgdhht ihhz iup whj
/"rcsn whv krudv" _ ohrcsn
(t"ab, zun, s"f 'ct-ojbn j"vcn 'xjbhp p"a ,ujhan)
/t 'yx v"kac tcuv /d"hx ,"rk rahv rpx (6
'vkutdvk ,ufhnxc ann rcf ubt ohtmnb vkutdv hbnhx kf hpk
kkuf 'kfv unhhx rcfa 'r"unst j"un e"f zhrfvu oxrhp 'ghsuva hpfu
,tz '2"ofkuf ifv usng"v ,t od unhhxu '1"ohru,pfv ,t jmjmk" od
kuftku 'ijkuak ,adk ohbfun rcfu '"vsugxk ifun kfv" rcfa ,rnut
shnu ;fh, '4"tc (jhan) vz vbv"a iuhf 'rcv ruau i,huk ,sugx ,t
!ann
ifu,u j,pn
xjbhp wp
3 ////////////////////////////////////////// vkutdv racn 'uvhkt vz - xjbhp /t
Qvsh,gv vkutdk u,ufhha Qtkn ".rp ,usku," unf tkn "xjbhp"
uvhkt vz - xjbhp
5 /////////////////////////////////// vkutdv crgc "ktrah .rt itf vag" /c
,eukj ihbgn sunhkvu '"ktrah .rt itf ,uagk" vsucgv ifu,
ifu '.rtv ,eukjc vagnu ruchs vcajn 'krudv p"g .rtv
w,h uk vrhs u,uagk okugv auchfc
xjbhp - ohrmnv ihc
ohrmnv ihcc vjnac vsucgv /d
19 ///////////////////////////////////////// k",gk vkd,ha hnhbpv obhbg smn
thv vshrhv hf '"ohrmnv ihc"c (r,unv iputc) vjnac ;hxuvk
,rfhb - vshrhv ,kj,vc ;fh, tkt 'whkg lrum er tku 'whkg lrum
tuv ohrmnv ihc ,kj,v (1 :uz vba ,ughcec adsunf 'whkgv
'xjbhp - gucav wp (2 'vyhnav ,bac 'cuy hf uc kpfuva wd ouhc
ouhx (3 '(ekc p"xc) vshrhv hrjtk vtcv whkgv er ubhbga
,kmvc - kgupc vtruvv Q"ofk whv, ,rmg hbhna" - varpv
lubhjk gdubc - iyuapf ,ueubh,u 'o"ufgv ihc ucaba ,ueubh,
.hev inzc ovka
vkutdv ,ruac \ vpxuv
30 //// t"ab,wv ct-ojbn j"vcn zun, s"f 'xjbhp p"a ,ujhan /s
* * *
t"utf lhrm _ vkutdv hbpk ann cure ubsngc :,uyuap ,uh,utcu
h"g 'vkutd ka adru cmnc unmg ,t chmvku vkutdk kdr,vk ktrahn
_ hyrpv unuen ,fhpvu '"(,hyrp) vkutd ouh"k hyrpv unuh ,fhpv
vz ouencu vz gdrc uka vsucgv ,t vauga z"hg '"ktrah .rt"k
/vagnu ruchs vcajnc ',unhkav ,hkf,c
_ (vagnu ruchs vcajnc) ,hyrpv u,sucg ,unhkan vtmu,fu
tuva iuhfa '"rcsn whv krudv" s"g 'uruchsc od tyc,vk lhrm z"v
lu,n '5"ktrah .rt itf vag"s vsucgvu vtruvvc ,uhnhbpc rusj
31
usng"v od unhhxu '"ohru,pfv jumjm" od kkuf 'kfv unhhx rcf
rgs tc ann ihua yktv ign '"vsugxk ifun kfv" '"ofkuf ifv
khdrvk lhrm t"utf Qann shnu ;fh, "tc (jhan) vz vbv" 'vkutd
h"g 'vkutd ka adru cmnc unmg shngvku vkutdvk unmg ,t
vcajnc vsucgv ,unhka - "ktrah .rt ts ltn" ka vsucgv
vagnu ruchs
Tel.: (323) 934-7095
Fax: (323) 934-7092
Reprinted with permission of:
“Vaad L’Hafotzas Sichos”
by:
Moshiach Awareness Center,
a Project of:
Enlightenment For The Blind, Inc.
602 North Orange Drive.
Los Angeles, CA 90036
http://www.torah4blind.org
e-mail: [email protected]
Rabbi Yosef Y. Shagalov,
Executive Director
Printed in the U.S.A.
2
,ujha
hyuek
232
xjbhp
vkutdv racn 'uvhkt vz _ xjbhp
o b a h 1x j b p v c h , v h c d k / t
ut rxj 'vc,fk smhf ,ughs heukhj
2a"n lrs kg tuv tkn ka ihbgv /tkn
aha 'tkn ,usku, '.rp ,usku, vkt
whvh zta iuhf 'jhank ,ufhha vzk
/3trcb utukhn kg okuga hpf iputc
vsh,gv vkutdk xjbp ka ,ufhhav
:thv
,tbe tbhe tuva 'rntb xjbp kg
_ ifn rjtk od /hrnhz vagnc wv
hcdk rntb _ 4whkt vz xjbp hrva
/,utcm hekt whuvk h,tbe tbe '5uvhkt
,t uk i,ub hbbv 'v"cev rnt ifk
vkhnv ,hrcc whvh tuva 'ouka h,hrc
tkhvns itnf vatu 'ktrahn t"f ka
kkf obht ktrah oga vtrhu '6thns
/caja hpf
vrmub whuvk h,tbe tbevna 'rnukf
'ktrah ,cvt ka vgub, ;uxck ukmt
'ktrah ka ovh,ukgnc ibuc,n tuva
/vkutdv ,t rach od tuv ifku
whjt ka ushnk, hrv whv whkt
'cuy oa kgcv ka ucr '7hbukav
ka vgub,c tuv ;t dvb,v y"agcva
r"unst uhrjtk z"sgu 'ktrah ,cvt
ohhcrv z"sgu 'vasj vnab whva 'iezv
ktrah ,cvt h"ga 'uhrjt ohtcv
ugc, ratu 'onmgc vc udvba ovka
z"hg vbv 'ovhkt ohrauenvn v,ndus
/vkutdv racn whktk vfzb
e"f hcrva ',gsk ah ,tzu /c
ihbgv ,t sjt kfn gcu, r"unst j"un
'ktrahn t"f crek 'ktrah ,cvt ka
,tz scka iuhf /r,uhc ohyuapv ukhpt
icf 'v"cev kmt ohreh ohyuapv oda
vkgnv ah ,tz sck vbv 'uhctk
/,uyhap ka ,hnmgv
ohgxuba ohshnk,k gdubcu
_ 7*lubhj hbhbgk zfrnv ,ujhkac
tbe ka vgub,va ',gsk ovhkg
'unmgk gdubc ,uhvk vfhrm h,tbe
,cvtc duvbk lhrm ,kuzk gdubc kct
jkua hfbt vbvk vfzb z"hgu 'ktrah
,t racha 8thcbv whkt ,t ofk
/int ubhnhc vrvnc vnhkav vkutdv
tucha 'whkt vz _ xjbp/// /d
curec vsh,gv vkutdv ,t rack
thcbv whkt ka ,ufhhav /ann
vn hp kg od ,bcun vkutdv ,ruack
'zun, s"h 'ekc p"a ,jhan c-t ohphgx
'zun, c"h 'c"uj p"a ,jhan d ;hgx /z"ya,
oudr, /609-10 wg c"j a"uekc xpsb /c"fa,
/,hshtn
/c 'zb d ekj rvzn rhgvk (1
/jh 's ,ur (2
/u"tu 'ch varp vcr ,hatrc vtr (3
d"ckr /n"fcu jh 'u trtu i,buh oudr, (4
/t 'zh t ohfknk
/h 'yh t ohfkn (5
/t 'zf vrz vsucg (6
/vezjv shv rpxk o"cnrv ,nsev vtr (7
/21 vrgv 368 sung c"j a"uek vtr (7*
/df 'd hftkn (8
3
vkutdv ,ruac q vpxuv
vpxuv
vkutdv ,ruac
/tk
huu 'vkutd rgs Rc ann ihua ign ykRv vkutdv hbnhx gkR yhuk
ihua yRvwn zR 'iguugd zhrfn iut oxrpn 'ghsun yTv r"unst j"un e"f
yehsbgrRp lhut iut '1"Pgbe hs imuPum" lhut kkuf 'yehsbgrRp .kR
ifun kfv" ihua zhtwx zR yxhhv xTs ' 2"ofkuf ifv usng" ogs
i,huk ,sugx ixg iut 'ahy oum ihhdum yhhrd ihua zhtwn iut '3"vsugxk
!ann shnu ;fh, '4"tc (jhan) vz vbv" ourTuu 'rcv ruau
* * *
_ vkutd rgs rRp lhhkd cure ehsbghhya :,uyuap ,uh,utcu
lhz iut vkutd rgs um igbhutuugdbhht lhz sht rgsgh ;rRs
iehsw,uhyrp ihhz ifRn lrus 'vkutd ka adru cmn R iht ikgyabhhrR
.rt" _ hyrp ouen ihhz ifRn iut '"dTy (,hyrp) vkutd" R dTy
vz ouencu vz gdrc uka vsucg hs yuy rg xTuu ogs lrus '"ktrah
/vagnu ruchs vcajnc ',unhkav ,hkf,c
vcajnc) vsucgv ,unhka gbgdhht hs iup vtmu, R xkR iut
s"g 'ruchs ihhz iht igdTzxhurR lhut xTs lhz ;rRs _ (vagnu ruchs
yhn ,uhnhbpc ignubgdfrus zht rg skRchuu zR '"rcsn whv krudv" huu
gfgkrgbht iR yhn '5"ktrah .rt Ts lRn" iup vsucgu vtruv rgs
iut 'grgsbR um lhut ,uhj yhn ogs idguu rg ysgr _ yhhehsgcgk
hs Rc 'u,hc hbc Rc "ktrah .rt Ts lRn" iup vtruv hs oxrpn zht
/y"pr, ,"jna ,jha vtr (1
/,cy uy "ouh ouhv" vtru /ygr wg s"j m"hhruvn r"unst asue ,urdt vtr (2
/z"yn d"p ,uct _ vbanv wk (3
/p"vg r"avacu /j 'c a"va (4
/lkhtu vp, wg t"j m"hhruvn r"unst asue ,urdt vtr (5
30
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
hyuek
280
vkutdv '111"unmgc sus tuv una '110"uvhkt tuv xjbhp" tc vz hbpku
/ubesm jhan h"g vnhkavu ,h,hntv jnm aht jnm kue" 'vkutdv racn
/t"gx 'se c"jz /jh 'u trtu g"ch, (110
/sugu
/r"gauvs ,ubgauvvc (111
233
,ujha
t xjbhp
i,n rjtk ;fh,a rjt ouenc rtucnv
.rtk vxhbfv ,uhvk vkufh v,hv vru,
ohbhbgv tkuk (shn,ku van hsh kg)
v"cev ratf vz lrs kgu 'ohh,bhca
,t uk i,ub 'okug ,buvf xjbpk i,b
,uhvk vkufh v,hv 'ouka h,hrc
'shn,ku gauvh hsh kg .rtk vxhbfv
vzk vnsevv ratf _ 10vnhka vkutd
racn whkt vz xjbps ihbgv tuv
'whva vn whvu _ ufz tka tkt /vkutdv
ubhnhc vrvncu 'ihmev kf ukfa sg
,thc cuy racn thcbv whkt tuch
,h,hntv vkutdc ubktdhu ubesm jhan
/vnhkavu
van ihc eukhjk gdubc 9khgk rtc,ba
hp kg ;t ubhcr vana 'whktu
lt 'rut ukuf ,hcv tkn,b skubafa
upud ifka 'unmg hnadc rsj tk rcsv
,bhjc whkt if ihta vn /vruce iugy
upudc lufhz kgp 'i"c (thrynhdcu)
vzu /vnhnav vrgxc vkga sg 'hnadv
vbhbga 'vsh,gv vkutdv og ruae
hnadv racva 'rac kf utru tuv
/,uekt vtrha lf hsf sg lfszh
hbbv rntb uc inzvn khj,v vz ihbgu
lrs kg /ouka h,hrc ,t uk i,ub
'c"fa, _ ubtrt ohrum atrn hf v"s (9
/ohnsuev ohrntnvcu
/ceg p"x vtr (10
29
hyuek
4
,ujha
hyuek
v
256
xjbhp
vkutdv crgc "ktrah .rt itf vag "
tuv ub,arpc ohaushjvn sjt /t
kfk ktrah .rt ,eukju ,kjb ihbg _
/hsuvh kfku yca
,h,hntv vkutdv ;x kg ubsngc
vkutdv hbnhx kfn icunf 'vnhkavu
icun _ (p"nf vburjtk rcusnf)
gdubc sunhkv vzn ubah atrk kfka
,uyapc ktrah .rt ,eukju ,kjbk
ubt ohsnuga iuhf kct /1vkutdvc
icun 'vkutdv hbpka gdrc ihhsg
_ v,g od sunhk vzn sunkk ohfhrma
v t r u v '2, h j m b t h v v r u , v a i u h f
/,unuenv kfku ohbnzv kfk ,hjmb
esm-jnmv ,truv p"g rnuk ahu
ktrah .rtk ,ukgk vmra hsuvhk
Ts lRn" _ vsucgu vru,c oa sueak
/(ktrah-.rt itf vag=) "ktrah .rt
e"f h"g) oxrp,bu rpux vza ,uhv
vzna icun 'hsuvh kfk (3r"unst j"un
ratf oda _ sjt kfk vtruv vagb
inzcu '.rtk .ujc '"itf" ohtmnb
_ (vca iurjtv gdr ukhpt) ,ukdv
_ vz inzu ouenc _ "itf" ohfhrm
/"ktrah .rt" ,uagk
vsucgv ifu, uvn ruthc lhrmu
:vrutfks _ "ktrah .rt itf vag"s
ubht (.rtk .uj) "itf" hrv ihs p"g
vsucgv ,unhka !"ktrah .rt"
ktrah .rtc teus thv h"bcs m"nu,c
ub,uhvc odu /(4k"zjsn vnfc rtucnf)
kkp,n ',ukdv inzu ouenc '"itf"
wd (5ktrah .rt sdbf uhbpu) hsuvh
sjh ubmceu" (kuj) ouh kfc ohngp
' 6" u b m r t k . r t v , u p b f g c r t n
'c"uhfu
ohbnzcu ohburjtv ,urusc yrpcu
hpka _ iurjt hfv inzcu 'ohburjtv
(jhan) vz vbv" hrv vkutdv hbnhx kf
'(t"hx ineksf) 7"tc
itf vag" vtruvv ifu, f"t uvn
!?"ktrah .rt
ohtmuh vz hrjtka gdrca yrpcu
ktrah .rtk ohfkuvu ,ukdvn rcf
/vyuapf
ihbg ohsevc vz icuhu / c
:ub,arpc
v,hva ktrah .rt ,eukjk gdubc
8ub,arpc rpuxnf _ "krudv hp kg
"
'ct-ojbn j"vcn 'xjbhp p"a ,ujhan (*
c"j t"ab,wv a"vxc xpsb /t"ab,wv zun, s"f
/,hshtn oudr, /lkhtu 695 wg
vfurtc vtru /lkhtu c 'he ,ucu,f vtr (4
jhr wg ktrah .rt lrg ,hsunk, whspukehmbt
/b"au /lkhtu dfr wg /lkhtu
/S"mxr j"ut g"uauy /t 'k ,ufrc (5
/"vrag vbuna"c rpuac ge, ,frc (6
/p"vg r"avacu /j 'c a"va (7
/ub 'uf (8
/t 'cfe c"c (1
/n"fcu /(c 'cf) z"hpr thb, (2
asue ,urdt _ v"pr, t"bn wfn uc,fnc (3
g"x c"j a"uek vtru /lkhtu vp, wg t"j uka
/621
5
279
vru,u
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
rhau vasjv vkutd
!tm, h,tn vasj
huchr lurgk vzc vbuufv ihtu
urRPTy" tkt 'wufu ohsguuu ,uphxt
inz iht :kgupc vagn _ 102"ujRkP Ts
skh kf ka ucmn ,t jhycvk jrfvc _
,tz ,uagku 'ghdvk i,hb uhkta hsuvh
;fh, kfuha lf _ kgupc vagnc
vbv :uka ,hnadv gcmtc ,utrvk
!h,kmv o,uta ohskhv
'ukt ohbhbg kfc vpxuvv h"gu /h
sunhk 'ktrah ,usjtu ktrah ,cvt
_ wufu vesmv ,bh,b 'vghdhc vru,v
sg '103"h,tmnu h,gdh" ohhueh jyc
tfkn sus '104"hscg sus h,tmn"k
'tjhan
105"sus ,hc ,njknk tmuhv kf u
"
okmt hf 'ihjmubu ihfkuv k"bv p"g
v k d , n u '106k t r a h , c v t , k a u n
,uceg uprj" rat ohsdbnv kfa
iujmb hshk er ohthcn _ 107"ljhan
kg vruna '"int" _ r,uh vkgb
ohkpf _ 109"intu int"u '108iujmb
/whau,k
101asj
/10 vrgvc inxbv vtr (101
/.gv kt izrdv (102
/c 'u vkhdn (103
'zm ihrsvbx vtru /tf 'yp ohkv, (104
/t"gx
_ /c"g ahr 'y ,ucu,f /t 'ub ,ca (105
(c"aruvn) g"bst e"fk vz v"s vjha vfurtc
rpx /lkhtu c 'zpa, s"j s"uekc vxpsb
/lkhtu 141 wg c"a, ,ujhav
/sugu /j 'z ohkv, arsn vtr (106
/cb 'yp ohkv, (107
/rhzb ;ux (108
upuxc xung a"kh vtru /db 'oa ohkv, (109
/(yne, znr)
28
hyuek
_ .hec u,hcc rtab skhv ot ut
wsu ursj ,t vagh skhva jhycvk
uhkga '96"ygn asen"k wufu uh,unt
,hc '97"ofu,c h,bfau" v"cev rnut
uk ah uca 'vesmu vkp, vru,
'vesm-,pueu rushx 'anuj :"ukan"
vru, sunhkk ouh kf u,ut ohananv
,bh,bk (kujv hnhc)u 'wvk vkp,u
suxh-ekjk lupvh rcsvafu /vesm
lrsc jycu, ',hnuh-ouhv u,dvbvc
,uga r,h lanc u,dvbv tkhnn
/98ouhv
vzf skh u,hhtra cauj uvahn otu
'sckc ",hren" thv ("whca"c tmnbv)
'okugc chcx ,uyyuan uhbhga kkdca
rnut _ vz skh "od" vtr ohh,bhc tuv
kf !100khj,n tk kkfc vz :99y"agcv
vuuvn _ gnua ut vtur osta rcs
rcsv ,hyrp vjdavc 'u,sucgc vtruv
uvan vagh tuva hsfc 'uhkt vtrb
/vz skhk raec
vag tk tuv se,ata ,urnku
uhkg lf ouan hfu _ iushbc oukf
ohrcsn ?iurxj u,ut kg ,hba ruzjk
yrpcu / / / !hsuvh skh ka uhhj kg itf
kt ibuf,vk lrsv thv vasj vsucga
/t 'yf vkhdn /zy 'th ktezjh (96
/j 'vf vnur, (97
340 wg t"j z"na, a"vx vfurtc vtr (98
/b"au /lkhtu
vtru /b"au /lkhtu y"hex ,upxuv y"af (99
/,uhbg, wkv ahr o"cnr
hbv tbnu 'habht hrnts khdrv iuakf (100
y"agcv ,ru,f _ (lkhtu t 'cm e"c vtr) hkhn
/wuf vtruvk thv vkj,vva _ (lanvca)
v"cev trca vn kf :,uct o,uju ;ux ihhgu
/usucfk tkt utrc tk unkugc
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
kkuf) ,ubua ,ubhsnc "rzun" dvbn
ohkgbb .hev inzca '(,hrcv ,umrt
ohrsj ',ubye ,uchah ',uchahv
'kkfc rpx h,cu 'wufu vru,-hsunk,u
ccu,xvk ktrah hskhk ohjhbnu
vfrsvu 'vfrsv kf tkk ',ucujrc
/yrpc vnht,n
t"utf _ rcsk ,uhtr ,uaurs tk
-uhbc yrpcu 'ajunc ,tz ,utrk kufh
ktrah hskhn ohpkt vca _ eruh
,ueubh,") "whca" ka cmnc ohtmnb
ovk ihtu '.hev inz lanc '("ucaba
'ovng uexgha ohfhrsnu ouen
od ohccu,xn ohngpk ov tkhncu
/wufu ohnht,n h,kc ohskh ,rcjc
kyun _ vz cmn vturv hsuvh kf kg
euxgk vnumg ,uhrjtu rund cuj
'94 " o h h u c a i u h s p "s " v c r v u m n " c
,ukdk n"g 'whcau vshrhv ,t kmbku
,ugmntc _ vc vbunyv whkgv ,t shn
,t ;fh, ujkah uhruva ,uks,av
kg sxuhnv '"pnge" '.he vbjnk skhv
juru rhut 'asuev ,rvy kg lubhj
,cvtu wv ,cvtu wv ,trhc ohrusjv
vru, ohsnuk uca 'ktrahu vru,v
_ gmntcu 'ouhv ;uxu ,kj,c (p"fg)
oak uhvh lhagn kf"c ohexug
ukhpt ,ukgn ,unhhe vzca /95"ohna
ohsnuk inzvn ekj uca inzv hcdk
tmnbu _ vbav lanc vchahc
inzc whcavu vshrhv ,t ohkmbna
,jhka h"g 'r,uh ,hkgb whkgk '.hev
'asuev ,rvy kg "pnge"k skhv
hyuek
278
rat _ ohrjt ohsuvhk gdubc "ohhuca
ohsuvh 'ubrusc yrpcu 'obah ubbuctsk
vcaba eubh," ,drsc ohtmnbv ohcr
'obumrc vz ihta htsucu /"o"ufgv ihc
juhr ka) ,kgu, oak tk ukhptu
uthcv v"ceva tkt _ (c"uhfu iunnc
hbc kg vkhkg trub" 'vz cmn hshk
,hkgb whkgk tuch z"hga hsfc '92"ost
/lrgc tka
rjt hsuvhka vmr v"cev okut
hf) uka whcavn u,uspk ,ufzv whv,
ujfc ah shn, tk unmg hucak gdubc
lf ouanu /(uka whcavn unmgc ,tmk
vtrh sjt hsuvha lfk ,uchx cchx tuv
ihc vcaba eubh," tuv hba hsuvh smhf
/uvktdhu ukhmha hsfc _ k"r "o"ufgv
ohtur ratfa _ vtruvv vzcu
yhc, kt" '"o"ufg ihc vcaba eubh,"
vbuny uc smhf vtr tkt '93"uvtrn kt
tka whkg hshk tuck vbuhkgv vbuufv
vaursa iucaj vzc lurgk tku /lrgc
vkva sg inz ,ufhrt ka vb,nv
vzn eujr tuvva iuhf) ,usvhk cre,h
eubh,v ,hhtrc ;fh, tkt '(wufu
hfv whkgv ,t shn ohtur 'vcaba
tkhncu 'ghdvk u,kufhc whkta vkusd
tkt 'm"nu, "ygn" er uk ohb,ub iht
_ icunf tkt 'kfv uk ohb,ub
/u,xhp,k ohnht,nv ifu,u ,uh,utc
od sjuhn sunhk ubah vzn /y
" , u e u b h , ") k t r a h h s k h k g d u b c
:.hev inzk sjuhnc ruaev _ (iyuapf
ubbuctsk whvb ,uburjtv ohbac
wkv o"cnr vtru /c"g ahr 'j c"c (94
/c"brxr s"uh g"uauy /h"v j"p ohhbg ,ub,n
/c"h c"p ,uct (95
/9 vrgv khgk inxb (92
/z 'zy t"a _ cu,fv wk (93
27
257
,ujha
v xjbhp
ohfhrm vn oak f"t /14rahu h,nt
?16"rcsn whv krudv"a 15xbk
:vzc ruthcv rnuk ahu /d
krudc lt"a vuhm v"ceva iuhf
krudv hp kg") 17".rtv ,t ekjh
.rtv ,t o,kjb,vu" '8"u,kjb ekj,
lt") krudv h"g teusu '(18"krudc
v,hv ifk _ rjt iputc tku ("krudc
.rtc ekj kf ka rurhcvu veukjv
h"g tku) unmg krudv h"g ,uhvk vfhrm
/19(rjt rcs
,h,hntc rurhcv od ifka rnuk ahu
unmg krudv h"g whv krudv ihbg
ota iuhf '("wuf juum whv unmg krudv")
'htretc tuv krudv ot epx lhha
asuev jur) rjt rcsk ghdvk ohfhrmu
,nt tuva ,utrvk hsfc (c"uhfu
ubht unmg krudva vrun z"v _ iuufnu
ifku ',unhkac .rtv ,eukj ,t kgup
kgp z"hg '"wuf juum whv unmg krudv"
' v e u k j v , t ,unhkac unmg krudv
hyuek
(10k " z j h a r s n n ) 9 h " a r t h c n _
whv unmg krudv" '"rcsn whv krudv"a
kucdk h,hkg krudv hbt rnutu juum
/"hbukp ycak hbukp
xbca ,kgu,vu ogyv ihcvk lhrmu
xb vaug v"cev iht hrv :vz
,t vag tuv vn oak f"t /11"tbdnk"
kufh whv /"rcsn whv krudv"a xbv
.rtv ,eukjk gdubc rurhcv ,uhvk
krudv p"g (hbukp ycak hbukp kucd)
krudva xb hkc krud kfc tuva hpf)
!?12(rcsn
h"bck ,utrvk vmr v"ceva p"gtu
tku) wv p"g h,hnt ihbg tuv krudva
osue xb whv rcf z"g hrv _ (htretc
jur hp kg whv krudv"a vtrva vzk
acukn whv ivfv rzgkt" :"asuev
ot asuev jurc rnutu ohnu,u ohrutc
vkug hbukp ouj, vkug hbukp yca
tuv krudva h"bck vtrv vza '13"ung
/sb 'oa /ub 'uf (9
ub,arp r"csnc /u ub,arp tnujb, (10
/y 't"fp
/sugu /j vars i"rv ,uars (11
hp kg"a jrfvv uvn :od c"vkm z"pgu (12
;ts /"rcsn whv krudv"a aurhp "krudv
whbhn khgk hrva 'cu,fv ru,hn vz ohsnka
harpn vtr) ".rtv ,t ekjh krudc lt" rntb
arpk ah hrv _ (itf susk khfan /oa arsnv
'p"vg (t 'cfe c"c) trndv ,arsf ru,hv
ohrutc vekj,ba ;hxuvk tc "krudv hp kg"a
gnan _ hp kg :oa c"c o"car vtr) ohnu,u
p"vg h"arp od vtru /ohnu,u ohrut hp kg
shdn :("rcsn whv krudv"a uhrcsk lanvc)
/wv hp kg rntb lfk asuev jurc vekj,ba
ohrutc acukn whv ivfv rzgkta '(n"ftu
/,ukrudv ,hhkgk asuev jurc ihufn whvu ohnu,u
v"fu /oa c"cn /sb 'oa ub,arp h"arp (13
/oa r"csncu tnujb,c
i,gs vrre,n z"hgu :oa c"c o"car (14
unf vkug whv krudva ihtura ktrah ka
/thv vrah veukja ohgsuhu vkj, tcb,ba
v,hv uzu" :oa r"csncu tnujb, vtr (15
/"vr,h
/c 'dn ihrsvbx _ lt v"su,n rhgvku (16
sxwt wg) ub,arp ,"vutc krudc lt v"s vtru
/(p-yge /tge wg) u"fr, '(lkhtu
/vb 'uf ub,arp (17
/sb 'dk hgxn (18
ogyv ruthcc oa c"c o"car vtr (19
ohycak sjt" hpke hbak ohfhrm uhv krudvka
tnhku ihnuj,s sjc hdx tku ihnuj,k sjtu
icutr lrumk hshc vkgha vn kyub hbt uhafg
rnte treu krudc whuag veukjv kf iht f"ts
/"uhpn ruchs ,tmuv tkc wudu krudc lt
6
,ujha
v xjbhp
hyuek
258
hukdu rurc iputc "rnt" unmgc
/20"hbukp ycak hbukp kucd"a
:vzc ruthc lhrm ihhsg kct /s
tkt 'unmgk ihbg ubht krudv ihbg
/.rtv cuahu .rtv ,eukjk hgmnt
gdub ubht krudv ka "ruchs"v z"sgu
tkt 'krudv p"g .rtv ,eukj omgk
kg vjfuv _ vrutfk hssm rcs uvz
/rcsv oxrpk ut 'krudv ihbg ,h,hnt
.rtv ,eukjc f"t vbhn tepb htnk
krudv ihbg ,h,hntc rurhcv ot
ut unmg krudv h"g tc (rcsv ouxrpu)
ohrutvs asuev jur h"g) rjt iputc
ukhpt /(c"uhfu wv hp kg ut 'ohnu,u
f"d _ unmg krudv h"g tc z"t ot
k r u d c"s huuhmv ,unhkac ohhe,n
/".rtv ,t ekjh
vumn krudv whv ukht :rjt iubdxc
_ rjt ihbg oak tku) vnmgk ,hkf,u
whv "rcsn whv krudv"u '(.rtv ,eukj
.rtv ,eukju krudv ihbg omgn ekj
hyrp kf gusn ihcvk i,hb whv 'ush kg
tuv krudva rurhcv kkuf _ veukjv
teus ,uagvk ohfhrm _ h,hnt ihbg
krudva ,uhv kct Qunmg krudv h"g
uekjha vmr v"cev uca iputv er tuv
gdub vzca /t/z 'ktrah .rt ,t
hrv _ (unmg krudv tku) krudv ,tmu,
krudc lt" huuhmv ,t ohhek hsfc
vrutfk ehpxn ".rtv ,t ekjh
rurhcvu 'krudv p"g .rtv ,t uekjha
_ hssm yrp tuva _ rcsv ,h,hntc
vfhrm gusn Qrjt iputc tuck kufh
krudv h"g teus rrc,vk vzca ,ntv
xb lf oak ,uagk ohfhrmu 'unmg
h"g ,tz ugsha ehpxn vz ihtu 'sjuhn
"asuev jur p"g whv krudv"a xbv
?ivfv rzgkt hsh kg ohnu,u ohrutvs
ka uruthc p"g vzc rnuk ahu
rcs kf" vausecu vru,ca '21hcuwmdrv
vbuufc kfv vrutfk hjrfv tuva ;t
gdubc s"gu /"wv p"g vumnu iuufn
whv vza p"gta 'rcsnc h"bc ,ugxnk
_ ktrah .rtk ghdvk hgmntu vbfv
ifu vfhkvv omg od vumnv vuv"
f"d vuv lrsv gmntca ,unuenv
, t v a n c , f h u" 22a " n f ) " v u m n
z"sgu /23("wv hp kg ovhgxnk ovhtmun
'(asenv ,sucgc) vause hbhbg vnfc
vnsevu vbfv er tuva ihbg hrv
f"d kcen 'rjt ihbgk (,jrfun)
gdubc s"gu /24vauses rsdu ,uchaj
vfkuvva odva 'jcznk osv ,fkuvk
osv ,ehrzs vsucgv khcac er thv
vfkuv ohfhrm gcy p"ga) jcznv kg
tpud vfkuvca 25tuv ihsv '(vz khcac
sgu 'vsucgs rsdu ,uchaj vbah
/vc ",kxup vcajn"a
_ vzn vrh,hu _ z"sga rnuk ahu
,"usvn /hgxn p"r ,"vg b"gpm vtr (21
/n"fcu /z"p ,ubupm jbgpn /d 'tb
/c 'dk hgxn (22
kg uvc ch,fs iuhf :c 'vb ihcurhg vtr (23
hns uvk ghces itnf ugxh wv hp kgu ubjh wv hp
/(oa b"gpmc tcuv)
ifanv rmjn vzk tndus rnuk ahu (24
,ausek vnsevu ohkpy ova ;ta 'ohgkevu
/ovc od vausev ,gceb 'vnmg ifanv
n"vuxp wkv o"cnr /vbanc t 'dh ohjcz (25
/s"v d"hp
ohfhrm uhva (ohbhbgv ,uhnhbpc) ogyvu (20
lt v"s vtr _ (ohnu,u ohrut h"g) e"vurk od
/(une wg t"j yeukn n"vx) y"x v"ka, krudc
7
277
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
'ohcufhgvu ,ughbnv kfn vkgnk
ohbvf ,fknn hk uhv, o,t"a ugsuhc
'85"ause hudu
,uumnu vru,c ezj,vku ;hxuvku
h b p n "s i h b g v o h k y c n v '86k k f c
,cvtn kjv '"ubmrtn ubhkd ubhtyj
,chx ,kycnv 'ktrah ,usjtu ktrah
/87,ukdv
vsp, ypanc 74iuhm" _ yrpcu
'vghdhc 88vru,v sunhk '"vesmc whcau
vru,ca ,ufkvv ekjc sjuhncu
'(89"t,fkv" _ "ypan")
_ ,uchahv hrujck gdubc yrpcu
vru,v sunhk ,uhvk lhrm obhbga
'sckc
_ d"nzva ,ufkvc sjuhncu kkuf
sunhk h"ga) vrhjcv ,hc ,ufkv sunhk
uhtcunu uhtmunu u,buf,u ,hcv ,rum"c
ovhkg vkgn hbt" 90"wud u,rum kfu
/(91",hcv ihbcc ihexug ov ukhtf
gdubc vz kfc kugpk _ vkhj,u
;udc whcavn unmg kutdk 'unmgk
'kkfc ,ukdcu
iuhsp" ,umnc exg,vk odu
/u 'yh ur,h (85
hscug oda" _ vyhnav ,bac yrpcu (86
aursk urrug,h thvv vbac u,cah ratf vnstv
/(rvc p"r ubrupx) "wv ,t
/c 'y tnuh (87
(,ukdv ,chx ruthcc) k"zjtnn rhgvk (88
r,hu tk vru,c oxtn kgu wuf kg v"cev r,hu
/(c r"fhts t,jh,p /z"v t"p vdhdj hnkaurh)
/oa ,"uek (89
/th 'dn ktezjh (90
412 wg j"hj a"uek vtru /sh um tnujb, (91
/b"au /lkhtu (348 wg inek)
26
hyuek
ihc"s ",ugucav ,aka"c ubsngc
kfcu) hsuvh kf kmt ratf '"ohrmnv
tuv smhf vadrvv ,rrug,n (okugv
whcavu ,ukdk ;xubc) ,ukdc huca
uapbu upudc u,nab ka ,hkkfv
'(82,hnvcv
'okugv hbhbgc uexg smn yrpcu
ohexugvu ohexg hkgc cur" rat
ohsury ova 'ohucaf v"v vftknc
ovhexg ,sryc r,uhc ohsryunu
vzc ohruae ovu o,ftknu o,xbrpu
kff tuva" '"ohruxtv ,hcc hucavf
,hcc ruaeu ruxt tuva tkt ostv
kf zhz whpt oan zuzk kufh ubhtu tkfv
_ 83"tuva
vzc vbuufva z"g ;xuba 'gshk uhkg
,adrb ohh,bhc kct '84whkg lrum thv
;fh, :,tz sug vbv _ vshrh (er)
hukdc rcf vrhtn tpud vshrhv ,kj,c
uc kpfuva hahka ouh rcf uvz) whkgv
cmnv ihgn '("wvk ,ca" ,bau 'cuy hf
vkutdc (hrndk lrgc tka) whvha
'vsh,gv
rrugk lhrm vz 'lf ouanu
sg ih,nha lrum ihta 'u,sucgc
;fh, ot hf _ ytk ytk lkh ut 'whkgv
;hxuvk n"g r,xvvu okgvv ,t kmbk
vsucgvc zug r,hcu ,ta r,hc
,t vkdnv vsucgv '"ohhuca iuhsp"s
unmg ,t kutdk 'vshrhc vbunyv whkgv
,ujbvk sucgavu whcavn u,kuzu
unmg shngvku 'wuf okugv ,ukcdvu
/t"kp thb, (82
ohxrybue n"vxc) y"pr, vbvbv kf v"s (83
/(t"j
/erpv ;uxc oa thb, vtr (84
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
hukdc ,utrk ukfuha _ 72vfnk vtupr
ihc"c vz hrjtk vtcv vshrhv smhf
rxtn ,ndusc thv od rat '"ohrmnv
'74"whcau" obahu '73ohruxtv ,hcc
v e u e z " i u h m " u '75 " a n n o h h u c a "
lf 'sckc whkg lrum thv _ 74"vsp,"k
hpf 'vzca w h k g v e r vzc adru,a
whcau vsp, ypanc iuhm" whvba
iuaak" vkt ohnh ufpvhu '74"vesmc
/"ohcuy ohsgunku vjnaku
'xjbhp wp ,ca od vz ratf yrpcu
,ndusc v,hv u,sucg oda 'k"bf
ka cmnc usng h"bc :"ohhuca iuhsp"
oda sg 'grv-ormh hshc "ohhuca"
'76"vfkv ubnn vnkg,b" van kmt
,t vsp xjbhpu '77"ohfuc vnv" ifku
hcra _ rhgvku /78vz cmnn okuf
/80ohhuca iuhspc exg 79rhth ic xjbhp
iuhsp h"g :"rhth ic" unac od znurnfu
ohshngnu hucav ,t ohrhtn ohhuca
/uk hutrv unuenc u,ut
kgupc vagnc vz kfn vtruvv /j
:81rehgv tuv vagnv _
hyuek
276
ktrah _ (wuf vynk ohrurhcv ,sucg
'l,t ohrzk ihtu 'hvusujkc tfknu
,unut ,uthmn kkfc oa ,adrb ihta
uz whkga p"gt) kkfc okugu okugv
,unutv rurhcs vnsevv hrjtk vtc
/(okugv rurhcu
vn od vz raeku ;hxuvk ahu /z
ihc" inz osuea vz ubrusc vkd,ba
d"h-c"hs vkutdv dj tc "ohrmnv
:zun,
,urhzdv in vtmu,f vtc uz vkutd
,mcrv ,sucg kg r,xvvu okgvvu
tuvv inzc ,usvhv euzhju vru,v
_ vkutdv rjtk lt /thvv vbhsnc
i u j m b v 6 9 " k f i h g k h u k d "c v k d , b
vru,v ,mcrvc) vsucgvs vkutdvu
iujmb '70ktrah kf ka (,usvhv euzhju
/ohr,xvvu ,unkgvv kf kg
hvuza 'vtrb whv vkutdv osue
tkt) ohruxtv ,hcc rxtnu vshrh
vtcv whkg lrum _ thv vshrhva
tk _ vkutdv hrjtk lt /(vz hrjtk
whkgk yrp 'vshrh ka oaur kf r,ub
vpxuvv _ lfn vtmu,f vtca
,usvhvu vru,v ,mpvc ,urcd,vvu
vpxuv _ sg 'vmuj ,ubhgnv ,mpvu
rxtnv hbpka cmnk lrgc tka
/(vshrhv)
7
1
ohsen whjcc _ jf ,bh,bv hvuzu
/c 'dh vkhdn (72
ihc" (d 't) p"vg r"fhtk f",n vtr (73
/rmhnu rgm iuakn tuva _ "ohrmnv
/zf 't whgah (74
/d"gr 't ohrcs ,"uek (75
/u 'vf ekc p"vg h"arp /c 'cp ihrsvbx (76
/oa ekc (77
tca rntb uvhkt vz xjbhp kg odu (78
chavu (hftkn ;ux) rntba ovhbhc ouka ,uagk
,uhsg) o,uct kg ohbc cku ohbc kg ,uct ck
/(vpuxc
tnuh) tnac ehhs vuv rhtn wra gushu (79
(ohnfj) ohrjt hbhg rhtna rhtn unau '(c 'dp
/c 'dh ihcurhg _
/t 'z ihkuj (80
/z"hn t"p ,uct (81
zun, c"h ,dhdjk vkutdv kgc c,fn wk (69
,urdt /263 wg j"a, n"vxc xpsb _ vbuatrv
/sugu /p wg c"j uka asue
ot hf wuf v"cev ktd sckc h,ut tk" hf (70
'vumn hrnua 'vausev ub,ru, hccjn kf ,t od
/(k"bv c,fn) "vbufh ktrah oac rat ,t odu
khgk) 312 wg j"hj a"uek vfurtc vtr (71
/lkhtu (137 wg
25
259
,ujha
v xjbhp
hyuek
,t ekjh" ush-kga krudvk gdubc tuv
vnsev tuv krudva p"gt :".rtv
iputv uvza iuhf kct '.rtv ,eukjk
,eukj :vzn vrh,hu '.rtv ,t ekjk
vnfu) wv huuhm tuv krudv hp kg .rtv
,uchaj kcen (krudv) z"v _ (ohngp
hgmnt uvza lf kg ;xub) unmgk rsdu
ohhssm ohyrpv odu '(.rtv ,eukjk
wv p"g tuv krudva rurhcv _ vzca
rcss ohyrp o,uhvc _ krudv ouxrpu
Qihbgv omgk ohgdub 'vauseca
krudv ihbg ,unhkak gdub whv ifku
whv, .rtv ,eukja wv huuhm ouhec _
whv unmg krudv"a _ "krud hp kg"
kucdk h,hkg krudv hbt rnutu juum
lf kg vruna '"hbukp ycak hbukp
(unmgk ,uchaj uk aha) unmg krudva
hkc) .rtv ,eukj ,t kugpk ujfc ah
/k"bf '(epx
:ohbhbgv ,uhnhbpc vzc ruthcv /v
znrn .rtv cuahu ,eukj 'auchf
.rt" ,t aucfk h"bc ,sucg kg
,uagku '26"ohud vgca ,umrt" '"igbf
/t/z 'asuev .rt 'ktrah .rt ovn
rfhb vca .rt 'vauseu ,hsuvh .rt
,uekt ',usvhk v,ufhha hukdc
.rtv ,t ohkmbn h"bca z"hg 'vauseu
,uumnv ,t (vsh-kgu) vc ohhek
,hc ,t oa ,ubcku '.rtc ,uhuk,v
uagu" 27v"cev rnut uhkga 'asenv
/"ofu,c h,bfau asen hk
kf ka ,hkf,u vbuufv hvuza
okugv ,uhnad ,t aucfk _ vthrcv
.rtv ,t utknu ucru urp" 28a"nf)
lrc,h uk vrhs ubnn ,uagku ("vuacfu
v"cev tmnb uca ouen '29ohbu,j,c
u,rhsc ostf kufhcf) hukhdc
/(,hyrpv
whv, auchfv ,sucga hsfc
kfc ,uhvk thv vfhrm ,unhkac
:acufvs ivu acfbvs iv _ ohyrpv
ratf tuv ,unhkac .rtv auchf (t)
whva hpf) .rtv kf ,t ohacuf
ekj rtab ot /(ktrah .rt auchfc
ukuf auchfv hrv _ acfb tka .rtvn
ifa .rtv hekjs od) 30,unhkac ubht
ihhsg zta 'ihbgv ,uyapf /(uacfb
tka .rtv ekjc ohabtvn vbfx vbah
h,n :acufv smn (c) z"sgu /acfb
rfhba iputcu _ ,unhkac tuv auchfv
h"g hrndk acfb tuva acfbvc hukdc
,kugpc guea acufv ratf _ acufv
hyrp kfc 'uh,ujf kfc auchfv
ostv ,kugp ,ukkfa 'uka ,uthmnv
vaka h"g thv okugc (acufv)
ruchs vcajn _ uka ohauckv
.rtv ,t acuf tuv iht ot /31vagnu
tkt) _ ohauckv vaka kf og
'(vcajnc) iîubf, tkk sckc vagnc
khjv hshepk (ruchsc) ,utruv tkku
'vagnu vcajnc er ut 'ohacfbvku
/jf 't ,hatrc (28
/u"kp thb, /sugu /zy tab tnujb, (29
auchf k"m ktrah .rt auchfa rhgvku (30
yca ut vjpan ut ktrahn shjh kct" 'ohcr
.rtv in ukhpt ouen onmgk uacfu ufkva
"wuf ktrah .rt treb ubht ovrctk vb,ba
/(c"v t"p ,unur, wkv o"cnr)
b"a, a"vx vfurtc vtru /S"p thb, (31
/lkhtu 463 wg c"j
/,hatrc p"r h"ar iuak (26
/j 'vf vnur, (27
8
,ujha
v xjbhp
hyuek
260
auchfv ,unhkac rxj _ (c"uhfu
kfs auchfc od _ tkhnn lrscu)
/(acfbv ,uthmns ohyrpv
auchfk gdubc vtruvv thv z"sgu
uk vrhs ,uagk ,hbjur vsucgc okugv
vrhsv ,unhkaa _ ohbu,j,c lrc,h
kfc rsuj vz (t) ratf teus thv
'(acfbv S"g) vnmg vrhsvs ohyrpv
lhha vza rfhb vrhsvs yrp kfca
rsv ostv ka (c)u 'vrhsv kgck
,uyap,vcu hukhdc tmnba 'vrhsvc
vcajnc) u,uthmn hyrp kfc _ vrund
ouen uvza iuhf 'u,rhsc (vagnu ruchs
kufhcf od tuv z"sgu /(u,rhs) u,ughce
:ohbu,j,c lrc,h uk vrhsvk gdubc
kfa vzc ,tyc,n vrhsv ,unhka
vrhs ov (ohcr iuak) ohbu,j,v hyrp
w,h u,uvnu u,unmga 'hukdc v"cevk
kf og sjhc 'hukdc oa ,tmnb
ohhukhdv 'uka "ohauck"vu ",ujf"v
'(,urhpx rag) ,ukak,av rsxc
ruchs vcajnk ,ukkfc ohekj,na
/32(whagu vrhmh vthrc) vagnu
lrc,h uk vrhsva iuhfu /u
'h"bc ,sucg h"g ,hagb ohbu,j,c
,t acufv) hsuvhc oda icun hrv
vsucgv ,unhka ,uhvk vfhrm (.rtv
'uka ohaucku ,ujfv hyrp kfc
tuva z"g ;xub :vagnu ruchs vcajnc
'v"cevk "vrhs" unmgc ubnn vaug
ruchs vcajnc v"cev ,t scuga z"hg
u,sucg od vfhrm _ uka vagnu
hrcsc z"sgu ,uumnv ouhec) okugc
kfc ,uhvk (ohna oak ,uar
/uka vagnu ruchs vcajn 'u,uthmn
tuv ,uumnv ouhe ,unhkaa gushf
_ vagnu ruchs vcajnc onuhe h"g
,uumnk ,uekj,nv ,uumnv ,ukkfc iv
ruchsc ,uhuk,v 'vcajnc ,uhuk,v
vru, :,ukkfcu] vagnc ,uhuk,vu
(vkp,) vsucg 'ruchsc rehgc thva
,ukhndu '(vcajn) ckc rehgc thva
'[33vagnc rehgc ova (,uumn) ohsxj
hsuvh lhrm vnmg hbpc vumn kf ivu
,buuf :34vagnu ruchs vcajnc ohhek
37vumnv ,frc '36(vcajn) 35vuumnv
/38(vagn) vumnv vagnu (ruchs)
oheukhj obah ihsv ina odvs
rehgc ,uhuk,v ,uumn ',uumnc
ut) vcajnc ut ruchsc ut 'vagnc
obnt _ (vakav kfc ut ovn ohbac
ratf yrpcu ',uumnv ouhe ,unhka
ostv ,ujhka hukhnk xjhc rcusn
abugu rfak gdubc er tku) vynk
ratf teus z"v _ (scghsc u,sucgu
/lkhtu S"gx 'vf hrjt ,"uek (33
wg ur,h ,"vut /ub,arp ahr ,"uek (34
/zke,,
'dh ,ufrc) vbuuf ,ufhrm ,uumn k"hhes (35
/oa ,"vut _ (b"au /t
_ vbuuf ,ufhrm iht ,uumna S"nvk odu (36
/vagnv osue vcajnv ,nsev k"m
_ ovhkg ohfrcn ihta ukt ,uumncu (37
,"vut) ukt ,uumnk vfrcv ouenc vkug vkp,v
/(jke,, wg oa
vkp,u a"eu vru, sunk, ,umnc odu (38
'wuf ann ,hnad whagc ibhta ;t ivc tmuhfu
,ufrc) hns ruchsf utk ruvrvs k"hhe tv n"n
uh,pac thmuha sg u,cuj hsh tmuh ubhtu (c 'f
ihrsvbx) vagn huv uh,pa ,nhegs ik tnhheu
tyck ,hektv apbk rapt ht hf '(t 'vx
h"g ot hf ohhnadv ohhbhau iuaku vpu ohh,pac
;udv hrctc ,acuknv ,hnvcv ,hbuhjv apb
/(t 'zn _ z"kp thb,) wuf ann
/oa b"a, a"vx vtr ikvk tcvc (32
9
275
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
okufa) ohsgunv ,arp f"jtu '.rtv
:60varpv ouhxk sg '(whkg ka ohbhbg
:61"ofk whv, ,rmg hbhnav ouhc"
ohgca ,crev s"g rcusnv hrjtk
ohgca sdbf ,ufuxv hnhc ohrp
v s u c g v k g v r u n v z a '62 , u n u t
,crev h"ga gushf ',unutv 63rurhcs
kg h"bc ubhdv ohrp ohgcav
, u n u t v r u r h c h " g a '64 , u n u t v
s"g _ ktrahc whkg (od) ,pxuu,n
'65"vmurb lhrjt hbfan"
,rmg hbhnav ouhc" tc vz hrjtk
kht sjt rp o,crevu wud ofk whv,
zta '62"vshjh vnut" sdbf '"sjt
lk uhvh _ "ofk" ka iputc osngn
ktrah _ 66l,t ohrzk ihtu lsck
o h s g u x o v u ' 6 7h v u s u j k c t f k n u
,hkf, kg vruna '68"vbye vsugx"
(vshjh vnut s"g 'vbye) kuyhcv
/,uvnu ,unmgc ohxpu, z"hg teusa
,adsun varpv ouhxc oda 'tmnbu
h"g vtca) ,hkgb hfv whkgv teus
/hghcav ouhs anuj rughav o,uj odu (60
/vk 'yf (61
tcuv /sf 't"fp r"csnc /c 'vf vfux (62
/oa h"arpc
hbpn _ lkuvu ,jupa ohngyvn ifka (63
/rrc,b rcf ekja
r"csnc vtru /62 vrgvca ,unuen vtr (64
/(v) d 'c"p r"ava /th 't"p r"ehu /d 't"p
s"gx 'c trehu ,"uek vtru /s 't a"va (65
Qyxe wg thbztk lkv,t :z"vst hrntn /lkhtu
zy,, g"x a"va ,"vut /yf wg c lrf ohcu,f
/lkhtu
/df 'u"yp r"una vtru /z 'v hkan (66
,"vutc w,b /c 'jr oa /c-t 'sx t"jz (67
z"pr, n"vx /lkhtu yne,wc wg v lrf m"gna
/lkhtu uk wg
/62 vrgvca ,unuen (68
24
hyuek
'"ohektv kfn whuv kusd" rnt ur,ha
vsucg) iu,j, ouenc ukhpta 'ubhhvu
sg '"usckn sug 51iht"a adrb (vrz
/54okug ka ukkjc ukhpt 53"sug 52iht"
,hkf,c vkd,b vzca hukhgvu
ukmta _ xjbhpc hukdcu ,unhkav
,j,u Q55vzca whkgv er hukdc v,hv
ohkdg oyhpa ur,hn h,ts" vrhntv
ypypa ;xuhn h,ts" rntb '"z"gk
'56"(urmh sdbf ojkbu xhr,n) urmhc
_ 57"rjt ic hk wv ;xuh"s vsucgv
/58"rjt" whjcn (ukhpt) "ic" ,hhag
ub,arpc smhf vtrb vzcu
sckc whkgv f"d ,adsun '(v,kj,c)
rcsv vtrba s"g '(vshrhv h"g vtca)
shn ohkhj,n ohrmnv ihca ,ughcevc
cuy hf uc kpfuva hahkav ouhc
/"wvk ,ca" 'vyhnav ,bacu
lanv)c od adsun vz ihbg /u
,eukj s"g rcusn uc _ 59ihbgv ouhx(u
"ohektv kfn wv kusd hf h,gsh v,g" ur,h
:n"vxc w,b /t 'jx /c 'zy c"jz _ (th 'h ur,h)
/lkhtu tmr wg ,"ryg /lkhtu cg wg u"nr,
/lkhtu yme wg v"pr, /lkhtu cxe wg t"pr,
/lkhtu 74 wg t"hj a"uek /lkhtu 52 wg y"a,
,jt varp r,ha _ ur,h treb :vzk ;xubu
/(oa n"vxc tcuv /j 'z"fp r"una) vru,c
/vk 's ibj,tu (51
/yk 'oa (52
/t"xr, ofk o,jeku v"s vtr (53
/oa o,jeku v"sc tcuv /zf 'c"p r"cs (54
hbpk :uhhjc ohbnz wc uhv ur,hc f"tan (55
/vz hrjtku 'wv ,kusdc u,rfv
/oa c"c (56
/sf 'k tmhu (57
/lkhtu t 'upa hjhu /t 'fr tmhu ,"vut (58
/b"au /;xuh lrg m"m j"ts _ ohyuehkv rpx
rpx) ipuxc i,kj,u i,kj,c ipux .ugbu (59
/(z"n t"p vrhmh
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
wp ;uxc vshrhv ,buufa htsuca
,adrb oa lt 'whkg lrum _ thv ekc
ub,arpc f"tan Qsckc vshrhv
/(vshrhv h"g vtca) whkgv ,adrb
vz smn xjbhpk whv vzk jfv ,tu
hfv tdrsc sng unmg (xjbhp) tuva
'vshrh ka cmnn vtmu,f vtca ,hkgb
whkgv hukdc v,hv ukmta iputcu
:lfn vtmu,f vtca
,t ghsun euxpva 48ohrnut k"zj
irvt ic rzgkt ic") xjbp ka uxujh
u,ut ohzcn ohycav uhva hpk" ("ivfv
unt hct oyhpa vz hyup ic o,htrv
lfhpk 'wuf vrz vsucgk ohkdg [ur,h]
/"irvt rjt uxjhu cu,fv tc
"hyup ic" whv ift xjbhp :ubhhvu
ohkdg unt hct oyhp"a vz smn)
xujhhc) vshgn vru,va tkt '49("z"gk
whv xjbhp kmta (irvt rjt xjbhp
v t m u , f a w h k g v e r h u k d c (uxjh)
ur,ha z"hg teusa gushf 'vshrhvn
vkd,b _ "vrz vsucgk ohkdg oyhp"
'50laujv in rutv iur,h (iuakn ur,h)
'xjbhp ka ujcac ;hxuvk tuv _ "wudu vfunv
h"ar hrcs ohbcun z"pgu /vz gar rghcu kyhca
,t xjhh jcak ehsmv ,t xjhha oaf" p"vg
vnvc ,ubdc ukhpt :vrutfks '"htbdk garv
ohjxp vtru /t 'dfe c"c) cu,fv rchs tk vtny
'garv ka htbdk tk thv vbuufv tkt ?(t 'd
/u,ut kyhca 'xjbhp ka ujca khsdvk t"c
/,usguu,vvc ,"banf
h"arpc tcuv /b"au /c"gx 'ye c"c (48
/p"vg
ohzcn uhv ohycava vzn od icunfu (49
ineksf _ ,unutv tku) teus ohycav _ u,ut
aha icun vzna '(sugu /v 'uf ub,arp h"arpc
/vz iuhzcu vshrhk ouen
,tsuv hrjtk teus ,"n whv vz ogynu (50
23
hyuek
274
261
,ujha
v xjbhp
Q42(lsa grz, ohba aas vsucgv s"g
uz vbac "ohrmnv ihc"s ,ughcecu
(vyhnav wpc k"bf) ;fh, adrb _
("ohrmnv ihc" ,kj,) vshrhv ,kj,c
/(vyhnav ,ba) "wvk ,ca" rcf hvuza
vyhnav ,bac ,cav ouhc f"uftgu
/"ohrmnv ihc"c
r,uh adsun runtv ihbgv / v
vbuatrv ,cav) xjbhp _ ub,arpc
:(43"ohrmnv ihc" ka
lanvc vtc xjbp wp ,kj,
wp) ,nsuev varpv ;uxc rcusnvk
:ovhbhc kusd eukhj aha tkt '(ekc
vshrhv s"g rcusn ekc wp ;uxc
vagnu rugp kgc tyj _ vkhpbvu
'vzn vtmu,f vtca vphdnvu 'hrnz
'vrhzdv kyhc (er) xjbhpa lht f"jtu
/44"ktrah hbc kgn vphdnv rmg,u"
s"g er rcusn ub,arp ,khj,c lt
xjbhp" _ lfn vtmu,f vtca whkgv
h,nj ,t chav ivfv irvt ic rzgkt ic
h,tbe ,t utbec ktrah hbc kgn
runt 46ifk" '45"wud h,hkf tku ofu,c
/47"wud ouka h,hrc ,t uk i,ub hbbv
',unhkav ,hkf,c ,uhvk vfhrm .rtv
od tuv z"sg 'vagnu ruchs vcajnc
odu 'vsucgvc ohyrpv kfk gdubc
vnsevu vbfv er ova ohbhbgv
,hkf, ov ihta odva _ vsucgk
'vsucgvc yrp er ova ut 'onmgk
,hkf,c ,uagvk ov od ohfhrm
/vagnu ruchs vcajnc ',unhkav
r"unst e"f od,p gushfu
ushjh ubc h"g rxnb) g"b (c"aruvn)
thab r"unst j"un e"f 'unuen tknn
tuva rcs kf '41hnhbpa _ (ubrus
:hrndk vzc guea v"v 'vaug
e"f ahdrv ,usguu,vc ,jt ogp
iudhb ohbdbn ohrujcva g"b r"unst
hrjtk tucha vnk vnsevf 'iuzpjc
ahsevu /(c"uhfu ,ushxj ,rhnt) iudhbv
'tuv vbfu,a '42vnhka vjha vzk
,uagk tuv lhrm hsuvh ka u,sucgca
rcusn ratf ukhpt /,unhkac rcs kf
_ rjt ihbgk vnsev tuva ihbg ,usut
'vz cmnc ihhsg ohtmnb ratf hrv
/43hrndk vzc ohguea ,uhvk ohfhrm
ouenca 'kusd rehg z"v kkfc"
/(lkhtu d 'yk) rvc p"r ,"uek vtr (42
m"ntvst hrntn /vpe wg c"xe, z"vst hrntn
t 'zxe m"mvk m"nvx /ymr, wg (c lrf) trehu
utuc, hf v"s /lkhtu zg,, wg rvc ,"vut /lkhtu
/sugu /u"na, rvc p"as
v"s ,"vut vtr) vkg,b vz ,cacu (43
d lrf /lkhtu c 'cn t lrf ,hatrc _ ukufhu
,kj,v 'zun,c rag vgca od (lkhtu t 'je,
/ohrmnv ihcs vshrhv
/j 'vf ekc (44
/th 'vf ub,arp (45
/ch 'oa (46
ktrah aht oau" ohcu,fv lanv odu (47
xjbhp wp vz ,cas "ouh ouhv"n rhgvk (41
/hnhbp ka u,sucgk gdubc (zun, s"f)
j"un e"f ,jbv) s"xr, ukxf y"h ,jha (42
39 wg ouka ,ru, ,ujhav rpx _ (r"unst
,ujhav wx /t 'y t"j s"uek od vtru /lkhtu
p"a /k"a, yca wf ,jha /lkhtu 113 wg ,"awv
/sugu /(lkhtu 352 wg t"j t"ab,wv a"vx) vum,
thcna oa (52 wg) ouka ,ru, vtru (43
'ifanv vagn hcd hsuep p"x rvzn vzk tndus
khj,vu ifanv vagn ihbgc j,p tcx tuvva
',rvn vz vnk uk urntu 'rjt ihbgc rcsk
arpn Ts uyxprRs Ts yxkRv us skRchuu"
/"ihhz
hyuek
,hkf,c vumnv ,t ohhen ostv
s"g 'u,uthmnu u,uvn kfc ',unhkav
thva _ gna ,threc wv ,cvt ,umn
kf ,t ,kkufu) vsucgv ,ukkf
tbjkupf tbjkup ,hk _ (,uumnv
kfcu lcck kfc" k"ma _ 39t,unhjrs
vzu ohsnuk vznu Q40"lstn kfcu lapb
vsucgv hbhbg kfk gdubc lanb
,unhkac ,uhvk ohfhrma '("tbjkup")
'vagnu ruchs vcajnc _ ujf kfc
ihjcna (hbubhcu) ehsmc ukhpt]
vcajnca ,uumn ihc eukhjvc
ohabtc f"uftgu 'vagncau ruchsca
f"f ohbhjcn obhta 'ohyuap
vumn kf ov ohnhhen tkhnc 'eukhjvc
vagnu ruchs vcajnv og ,uyapc
/[ovka
u,sucg vaug hsuvha z"hgu
vcajn h"g 'ohyrpv kfc ,unhkac
kfn tuv vaug _ uka vagnu ruchs
akak tuv od ekj,na _ okugv
vrhs _ vagnu ruchs vcajns ,udrs
',uyapc od tuva hpfu /lrc,h uk
okugc kgpbvc rfhb ohbhbgv curca
jf)vs vagnu ruchs vcajnv ,kugp
kgupv ostv ratf 'tkhncu 'kgup(v
ohauckv kfc uvakf rcs vaug okugc
od vz rfhb (vagnu ruchs vcajn) uka
/okugc kgup tuva rcsv ,unhkac
whv krudv"a ihbgv icuh z"pg /z
:"rcsn
cuahu auchfs vsucgv omga oaf
jka ,"uek /t 'zxr d"j /c 'vb c"jz vtr (39
/n"fcu /d 'cn
/v 'u ibj,tu (40
10
,ujha
v xjbhp
krudv omg kg ;xuba iuhf '(44rjt
lht vtrva (uca vcajnu vagn)
unmg krudv" ',uhvk vfhrm veukjv
hukdu rurc iputc _ rnutu juum whv
hbt _ (rcsc epx oua rtab tka lf)
ycak hbukp kucdk h,hkg krudv
/"hbukp
,unhkava lfk ogyv rnuk ahu
whv krudv"a xbvc teus vtyc,v
vcajnc tku '("krudv hp kg") "rcsn
hrv krud whvha hsfca iuhf _ vagnu
vagn) vcajnu vagn uhvha jrfun
ict /(vzca vbuufu vcajnv p"g krudv
,hkf,c vagb vza lfk ijucv
'ruchsv ihbg h"g tuv _ ,unhkav
,unhkac krudv ,utmu, ,t tycna
krudva vrun vzu 'hukhdvu rurhcv
vcajnc) ,unhkav ,hkf,c tuv unmg
,sucgc tuva hpfu /(vagnu ruchs
ijucv ict rehg tuv ruchsa 'ostv
'(acufv) scugv ostc rusj rcsv lht
/(acfbv) ,kuzvc kgup tuv lht odu
"hnhbp" gusn] rcsv ogycu /y
'vaug tuva vsucg kfc hrndk guea
[rjt rcsk vnsev thva vsucg ukhpt
(k"bv vjhac) g"b r"unst e"f rhcxn
,nt kg vrun vz (t) :ohngy hba
z"v ohtmnba ouenca _ ,uhnhbpu
,hhag h"g teus (c) /,uhnhbpcu ,ntc
od f"jt uxp,h _ ,unhkac vnsevv
vnsev hvuza ,uhv /,unhkac omgv ,t
kff tkhnc '(vru, p"g) ,h,hnt
kfuh '(zpjh tku) vnsevc r,uh geaha
hyuek
262
'",ntc ,uhvk ohfhrm _ ohtmnba
oa ,uhvk ohfhrm ohtmnba ouenc"
hbt lhrm vzc hbt exuga inz kf 'wuf
hbav ihbgk utuch z"jtku '"itf ,uhvk
uaghu '(vnsev vz ihbg whv urucga)
/,unhkac ihbg u,ut
vkdbc vzk suxhva rnuk ahu _
,uhnhbpc ohbhbgv kfa gushf) vru,s
ruthcvn tuv (vkdbc ohpe,an vru,v
hbhbgk gdubc hcuwmdrvn (s"x) k"bv
,uchaj vk ah vnsev oda 'vause
/vnmgk
xbk ogyv rnuk ah z"pgu /j
:"rcsn whv krudv"a
.rtv auchfs vsucgv omga oaf
vcajnc ',unhkac ,uagvk vfhrm
gdubc od tuv z"sg 'vagnu ruchs
.rtv ,eukj h"g vzk vnsevu vbfvk
tuv krudva odva _ krudv hp kg
cuahu auchf ',eukjk hgmntu vnsev
unmgk ,uchaj od uk ah f"pgt '.rtv
unmg krudv od whv ifku '(c"x k"bf)
kgp unmg krudv ',unhkav ,hkf,c
,ntv rurhc ,t odu veukjv kf ,t
juum whv unmg krudv") rcsv ouxrpu
'("wuf
krudca 'vzc ,tyc,n ,unhkavu
ruchs vcajns ohbhbgv wd kf uhv
krudv ,fkav vagn kg ;xub :vagnu
,ch,f _ vz hbpku) ihe,pv ,khybu
,ch,fu ohycav ,unas ihe,p c"hv
vbuufu vcajnvu '(.rtv ,ukucd ,una
kg" vz whva z"g ;xub) vzk ohfhrma
hrv _ (vcajnv ihbg '"asuev jur hp
hp kg .rtv ,eukj /"rcsn whv krudv"
krudv h"g ,unhkac vkgpb _ krudv
rcs oua tkk '"krudc lt") unmg
o"car) "uhpn ruchs ,tmuv tkc" od (44
/unmg krudv ka ruchsv t"f '(19 vrgv khgks
11
273
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
in 'ytk ytk ohtc f"jtu 'vshrhv
/whkgv ka cmnk 'scfv kt kev
;fh,a ',snkn uz ,ughce orc
vgca) ",ugucav ,aka" ,khj,c
:38whkgv hukdc ,adrb _ (zun,c rag
hf uc kpfuva hahkav ouh (t) uvz
ufpvhs ihgn) kupf cuyu 'cuy ouh 'cuy
ohsgunku vjnaku iuaak" vkt ohnh
cuy ouh ka iputc 'k"gks "ohcuy
'(k"bf ohsgunv rtan r,uh 'kupf
_ "wvk ,ca" 'vyhnav ,bac (c)u
gushf) whkg ka cmnc ,snug vbav kf
kf ,t vkgnu whkg thv ,caa
_ of,jna ouhc") vjnau (ohbhbgv
:(",u,ca ukt
vkhj,a _ tuv khdrv vsucgv rsx
kt utuc, hf" 'vshrhv ,uhvk vfhrm
lsa grz, ohba aa" f"jt '37".rtv
vbacu" _ whkgv vtc f"jt eru '39"wud
,ca .rtk whvh iu,ca ,ca ,hghcav
_ 41vru,v (,drs) smn lt /40"wvk
,hkf, _ ihbgv ,kj,c ;fh, ,adrb
v,cau" uvza 'ohbav ,aac vbuufv
vkhj,n vru,v ifku '"wvk ,ca .rtv
vgsuvv hbpk) "wud .rtv v,cau" og
ihbg vbht vshrhv hf _ tuv vzk ogyvu (38
lt t"f 'kkfu kkf vnmg khcacu vnmg hbpc
hsfca /whrjtk vtcv whkgv(n ekju) lrum eru
hukdc vtrbv cmns vnsevv k"m 'whkgvk ghdvk
/vshrhf
/d 'oa rvc (39
/s 'oa (40
,ca og sj tkuf thv vru,a yrpcu (41
'(lkhtu t 'jp kvehu /d 'g ur,h t"u, vtr)
,ca) "vru, vb,hb ,cac tnkg hkuf" k"zjtnf
/(c 'up
22
hyuek
smv er hukdc tmnb zta icun tkhncu
_ 31"ohrmnv ihc"s 30whkgvu cuyv
/32",u,ca ukt of,jna ouhcu"
,t _ uz ,cac ihrueaf yrpcu
,arp s"g rcusn vca 'xjbhp ,arp
, c a 33 , u b c r e u ' o h s g u n v u , c a v
'vjna ka ihbg ova 'ohsgunvu
tkt vjna ihta 'ovhfxbc ,ubcre
_ 35ohabtu ohekt jnanv '34ihhc
/ikvk rtucnf
smn aushj ;xu,hb vz kfc /s
,aka" (t) vca _ uz vbas ,ughcev
rag vgca) o,khj, ",ugucav
ouhc (ctc vga,) opuxu (zun,c
kf (c)u '36cuy hf uc kpfuva hahkav
:37"wvk ,ca" 'vyhnav ,ba thv vbav
kkfv ,urnka 'k"pt whv vrutfk
gce ,tz og 'whkg lrum thv vshrha
lan k"m whkgk ohghdna sga v"cev
er ,adrb ,uhvk vfhrm vkhj, 'inz
znurn (whkg lrum vshrh) vz ihbga k"hu (30
vbuatrv vrypv) uz ,cas vrypvv ouhxc od
,hatr wvk ktrah ase" _ (t,ubgrups vakas
_ (d 'c whnrh) "unath uhkfut kf v,tuc,
s 'p) ub,arp ;ux ,"uekc rtucnvn icunf
';udc vnabv ,shrh kg vrun vz euxpa '(lkhtu
whjc kfuta '"unath uhkfut kf" vagb z"hga
ucrec rhtvk kufh vbhta sg wuf uka ktrah
whjck ghdn z"hga _ whkg lrum thvu 'wuf
/a"hhg /wufu g"hct whjc wsn vkgnka ',hahnjv
p"a ,ujhan xrybue vfurtc vtr (31
/b"au /c"x u"na, n"uyn
/p"vg hrpxcu s"uh 's"uh l,ukgvc (32
/ovca wufu vftkn hruxht tk (33
/t 'ye ohjxp (34
/dh 'y ohypua rpx (35
/z 't ,hatrc h"arp vtr (36
/c 'vf rvc (37
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
hyuek
272
uvukfth ohrurnu ,umn 21kg inhxu
vgca z"sgu) ctc vga,a vn :"wuf
("ohrmnv ihc" ,kj,v _ zun,c rag
kj uca gucac ouh u,utc okugk kj
ov ovhbaa vrun 'jxps wt ouh
'vkutdv ihbg _ sjt ihhbg ,uhnhbpc
(k"gk) vkd,, ctc vga,c _ vcrstu
/jxps vkutdv ,unhkau ,uhnhbp
inhxc znurn od uvza 'rnuk ahu
(inhxv) rat gushv p"g _ 23","t"
hrsxn sjt tuv "wufu r"d a"c ,"t"
,"hc 'u"h, uhrjtu ;"kt ',"hc ;"ktv
:wufu 'i"ha uhrjtu
sxuhn "ohsgunv ,ughcek inhx"v
wufu wd 'wc 'wtv) jxpv hnh kg ukuf
tuv jxp hf _ (jxpv hnh kg hte
/24"ohkdrk atr"
jxps iuatrv ouhv kg hte ;"ktvu
'ohrmnn vkutdv v,hv uca '(ixhb u"y)
kj _ ouh u,utcu /25"vzv ouhv omgc"
/(u"h,) ctc vga, ,uhvk
iputc rsxv iht tpud vzca tkt
'wufu ,"ks 'k"nhd ',"hc ';"kt 'rah
,utv) ;"ktv hrjtk ;fh, tkt
,utv) u"h,k "ohmpue" (vbuatrv
sg 'wufu r"d 'a"c f"jtu '(vburjtv
u"h,k ("vagb"u) ;kj,n ;"ktv rat
ifu,v ,uhnhbpa 'lf kg znrn vza _
'vkutdv ihbg tuv (u"h,) ctc vga,s
',ukutdv atr _ jxp ka ubhbg
'26vkutdv hbhbg kfk rubmv ,jh,pu
hnhf" 27a"nf 'vsh,gv vkutdv kkuf
/28",utkpb ubtrt ohrmn .rtn l,tm
kf kmbk aha 'icun vz kfnu /d
p"g r,unv iputc) aha ,ubnszv
vjnac ,ucrvk "ohrmnv ihc"c (g"ua
,ukcdvvu vshrhv kf ,buuf hf _
;xuu,,a hsfc 'thv vjna hbhbgc
vjnau iuaac r,uh ,hkgb whkg
h"bca h"g kgpb vzu Qohcuy ohsgunu
inzc) vjna lu,nu o,sucgc ohphxun
,ta r,hc (g"ua p"g r,unv iputcu
whkgk vbfv hvuza ogsuhc 'zug r,hcu
/k"gk whv,a vjnac vkusd hfv
ihc" ka ,ca tucc yrpcu
uz ,ca (tcrstu) od kkuf '"ohrmnv
_ ("ohrmnv ihc"s vbuatrv ,cav)
'29u"j ,ukct hbhs ohkj tk zta
22
oa vtru /c"hpr j"a, l,tm hnhf v"s (26
dtrpn k"rvnk wv ,urucd vtru /rntnv ;uxc
ohrmn ,kutdcs rtcns (c"bp oa vtru /t"xp)
vrenv ihtu ihruj hbcs ,hnmg vkgn h"bc ukce
/t 'n c"jz vtru /kkf vz kycn z"jtka ,ukds
/uy 'z vfhn (27
wc ouhc '"a"c" tuv '","t"v hrjtu (28
i,ns ihbgv uvza k"hu /,uguca tuv _ jxps
s"g odu /(;"kt) n"hmh hrjtk hbav cka 'vru,
r"ehu /s 'tb whgah) "tm, h,tn vasj vru,"
vkutdc (sugu /c 'ugr d"jzk z"nr /d 'd"hp
znurnv) vkutdv hrjtk hbav cka _ vsh,gv
/(u"h,c
oa t"dncu h"x c"be,x j"ut g"ua vtr (29
whspukehmbt vtru /(n"ftu /dvub tgbmca ;t)
a"uek /oa inxbvcu fe wg 3 vrgvca ,hsunk,
/lkhtu 1090 wg s"j
/th 'y l,ukgvc _ cu,fv wk (21
/jh r"fhts t,jh,p vtru (22
/ihbgvk lhha vru,c "inhx" od hrva (23
ohnrud ova 'wufu vnvcs vrvy hbnhxn rhgvku
kg b"gpm vtr _ wuf ohrrcn er tku vrvyv
t"j a"uek /,uruxt ,ukftn wkv ahr o"cnrv
/51 wg v"j /lkhtu 222 wg
o"cnrvk n"vhpcu v"r wxn ahr vban (24
/oa j"rcu t 's oa trnd /oa
/tb 'ch tc (25
21
263
,ujha
v xjbhp
'v,unhkac vsucgv vzc ,uhvk
z"hg teusu) vagnu ruchs vcajnc
vthcna vbfvf v,hkf,k vghdn thv
/(ihbgv omgk
od tuv z"sg r,uh ,uhyrpcu
vcajn :onmg vagnu ruchs vcajnc
_ vagnk vnsevu vbfv ov ruchsu
ova z"hg kct /47rehgv tuv vagnva
kg sxuhn vagnvu 'vagn hshk ohthcn
ovc od kgpb _ ruchsu vcajnv
gdubc tuva hpfu /onmgk ,uchaj
h"ga ',ukak,av rsx ,ukkfk
s"g) ohbu,j,c vrhs ,hhagc vsucgv
'(ruchsu vcajn lrgc vagnv ihbg
ohhukhdv suxh kgu jfc tc vza
whkg ,kgpb _ ohbuhkgv ,unkugc
ohbuhkgv ,unkugc od x"tv jf hukhdu
rutn vshrh" ov inmg smna p"gt)
/(48"w,h uhbp
,sucgc vzn sunhkv icuh z"pg /h
,truvk ot,vc 'vz inzu ouenc ostv
hsuvh u,utk gdubc t"x k"bf) m"mv
oa sueaku ktrah .rtk ,ukgk vmra
.rt itf vag" _ (vsucgu vru,c
:"ktrah
.rt ubht (.rtk .uj) "itf"a p"gt
inzcu .rtk .ujc vsucgvu 'ktrah
vsucgv ,unhkak vbfv thv ,ukdv
.rtc vnhkavu ,h,hntv vkutdc
(ouh kfc ohkkp,n h"bca hpf) ktrah
.ujc ,ukdc ub,uhva iuhf 'kct _
'u"j ,hreb vren ubht htsuc .rtk
aecn hbht"u '49,hyrp vjdavc tkt
/z"hn t"p ,uct (47
/u"kp thb, (48
/3 vrgvca c,fnc vfurtc rtucnf (49
/91 wg j"j a"uek od vtru
12
hyuek
,engvc lhanvk r,uh f"jt tuv
/ihbgv omgc vbcvv ,cjrvu
gce v"ceva iuhfa ';hxuvk ahu
ohghdna hbpka ohrcsv gcy ,t
vbfv osue ohrcug rcsv omgk
ostva hsfc '(,ubfv vnf ut) vnsevu
uagh :,ushxjv iuakc) ukdr,h okugvu
vbfvv od ifk _ (ghpanv rutk hkf
omg ,yhkek ,gdub vnmg vnsevu
thv ,kcen ifku ',uhnhbpc ihbgv
omgs ,uchajv ihgn 'vnmgk ,uchaj
ohfhrmu '(iuufnv ,hkf,) ihbgv
hbpk ',unhkav ,hkf,c ,tz ,uagk
/rcsv omgk ohghdna
ihbg ,ukkfk gdubc tuva hpfu
,jrfun vbfv hvuza iuhfa 'lubhjv
,uchaj kcen z"v ifk ',uumnv ouhek
,nhhuxn vsnc :vcrstu] unmgk ihbgu
rcusnf 'vumn rsdn "vkgb" z " v
kfc vzk rxn,vk ohfhrmu '[45ogp
/,ujfvu ,uks,avv
vrhss vbuufva iuhf :r,uh enugcu
sjt wvn ,jt vbuuf thv ohbu,j,c
jfc trcb okugc rcs kfa vzk ;xub]
u,kfhu ujfc usck tuv"a ',unmgv
uz vbuuf hukhnu '[46"wuf ihtn ah turck
hyrp kf h"g ,kgpb v,unhkac
ova ohbhbgv od kkuf _ ohbu,j,v
hrv _ rjt ihbgk vnsevu vbfv er
kfc ubah 'w,h u,unmgc uz vbuuf smn
'ohkpyv ohyrpv od) okugc rcs
,unmgv jf 'x"tv jf (wufu ,ubfvu
ihbgk unmg rcsv ,t vauga 'rcsca
vfhrm ifku 'vbuufu ,hkf, og 'h,hnt
/sugu /615 wg c"j j"na, ,ujhav wx (45
/(c"g ahr 'ke) f"x e"vdt (46
,ujha
v xjbhp
u,ut thcnu ostv ,t khdrn tpud
,t vaug tuv vnaka) ,hkf,vk
.rtc vsucgv _ ("itf" vsucgv
,h,hntv vkutdc vyuapf ktrah
, u u m n v a 5 3k " z j t n s " g / v n h k a v u
o,taf"a '"ohbuhm" ov vzv inzc
/"ohasj ofk uhvh tk ohrzuj
vkutdk vbfv ,usut rcusna yrpcu
tuv vbhbga 'vnhkavu ,h,hntv
'ohbhbgv kfc ,unhkau ,nt :vnaf
/okugvu ostv ,uthmn hyrp kfc
vbhbga) vkutdv ,unhkaa 'icun vzna
od 'yrp kfc ,unhkav hukhd tuv
(rjt rcsk vbfv er ova ohbhbgc
hrv "itf" ub,uhvca tpud vzc huk,
vcajn ,unhkac thv ostv ,sucg
.rt itf vag" 'uka vagnu ruchs
tuva rfhba iputc tku) "ktrah
vsucgv teusu Q(rjt rcsk ibuf,n
ohkufh era vnf sg) "itf" ,unhkac
vkhdrn '(,unhkac vsucgv oa ,uagk
,unhkak (u,ut vthcnu) ostv ,t
,h,hntv vkutdc ktrah .rtc vsucgv
/vnhkavu
itf vag" vtruvv ,bcun z"pgu
,ukdc ohtmnba odv :"ktrah .rt
ohfkuvu vkutdv vtc vz hrjtk gdrcu
vsucgv vfhrm (t) _ ktrah .rtk
,uhvk _ "itf" _ vz ouenc vz gdrc
ouenvu huuafgv cmnv p"g ,unhkac
tyc,vk vfhrm vsucgv (c) 'hjfubv
xhbfvk '"ktrah .rt itf vag"c
'"ktrah .rt" (vz inzu ouen) "itf"c
"hnhbp" S"g _ vkutdv cmn ,unhka
i"cnr vtru /zh 'th ceg h"arpu hrpx (53
/vf 'jh hrjt
hyuek
264
vbuuf vbah _ 50"ijf hpk tkt wuf
ruaea 'unmg vz cmnu ouenc ,hkf,u
.rt) ihbgvu vbuufv ,ukkfs ihgnu
thv ,ukdc vsucgv unaka (ktrah
'vbfv
u,sucg sucgk hsuvh lhrm ifku
,hkf,c _ vz inzcu ouenc _ "itf"
,uhraptu ,ujfv kf p"g) ,unhkav
ruchsu vcajnc (ucmnu usngnc
hrndk gueaa "hnhbp"f 'vagnu
ubhtu) uhafg exg,n tuv vc vsucgc
,rjt vsucg ,usut vagn ,gac cauj
Q(z"jtk tuc,a
"itf" u,sucgc vbuufv ifu, uvnu
'ohbu,j,c lrc,h uk vrhs ,uagk _
'"ktrah .rt itf vag" :m"mv iuakcu
rfhb vca .rt (inzvu) ouenvn ,uagk
tuv hsuvha ,uhv /(ktrah) ,usvh hukdc
ujfc ah _ tuva ouen kfc "ktrah"
(,ndus) tmnb tuv uc ouenvn ,uagk
,uhxbf h,cc yrpcu '51"ktrah .rt"
(kcc) .rtk .ujc ,uarsn h,cu
/52ktrah .rtc ugceha ihsh,ga
,t ohauga z"hg teus :vzn vrh,hu
inzu ouenc) "itf" ,unhkac vsucgv
vsucgc hrndk ohguea '(,ukdv
vz hrv _ uka vagnu ruchs vcajnc
/d 'c"hp r"csnc (50
ouen kf :c 'he ,ucu,f hrhtn vtr (51
/ktrah .rtf ubhs oa ihhumn tyj ,trhu vnfja
hbpn) ,umrtv rtak kccn ,tmk ruxta sgu
a"uek vfurtc vtr '(oa rat vnfjvu vru,v
/lkhtu 399 wg j"hj
utmhu h"tc ufnxba s"ca ihsvn rhgvku
k"ujc ,uxbe hbhs (ukhpt) ohbs v"v k"ujk
/(c"hv s"p ihrsvbx wkv o"cnr)
/t 'yf vkhdn (52
13
271
,ujha
t xjbhp
_ ohrmnv ihc
iudhv in vthmhv tkt itf iht 16tkv"
whvh tka crjb tk ukhtf f"t whvhu
_ vz-kg vbgnvu ?"rn ouh c"y
vgcau) ctc vga, ka hnhbpv ubfu,a
,uhnhbp tuv _ v,g od (zun,c rag
h"bca hsfc 'vkgnka sxjvu vcvtv
,hkgb whkgk ,hbg,v ouh h"g ughdh
rta kfn vkgnk 'lrgc tka
'k"gk vkd,h vza vgacu Qohsgunv
vcrstu 'wuf vjnau iuaa vz ouh whvh
'ohcuy ohnh rtan r,uh kusd y"uh _
/18wuf kychk ohsh,g ihsgunv 17kfa
,ughcek 20inhx"c od 19znurnfu
whp 'wuf r"d a"c ,"t" _ "ohsgunv
'ctc wy okugk whvh jxp ka wt ouhc
vpawt wg) oa hgxn ,"vut iuak (16
/(u,khj,c
znr hkan a"kh /y"p hkan arsn (17
/u"np t"rsp /sne,,
htn trvhyc tdra whjcc uhvha ubhhv (18
hfv hukhdv hbpn '(c 'x ihkuj k"zj wk) hbvt
/(sugu /c 'yhe /s 'm t"u, vtr) k"gks vkgb
vjnau iuaa hnh uhvh ,unumv hnh f"tan
p"fvuhu ohrupv hnh s"g) hukhdc ohcuy ohsgunu
kg wp h,cr t,ehxp vtru /(okugk ihkyc obhta
vga,c tkt tc vjna iht :vpuxc kcc ,urvb
/wuf ctc
,ugucav dj rga j"gp) ruthcvn rhgvku
zmewc wg (u lrf) ibj,tu ,"vut /ctc u"yk aurs
k"zjtnc (r",g unjb v"s /umwt wg l"b /lkhtu
uhv tk" (c 'k oa trnd /c 'uf ,hbg, vban)
ctc rag vanjc ktrahk ohcuy ohnh
'wuf ,ufuxu jxpn ohkgb r,uh ova '"p"fvuhfu
ksud hrjtk vtcv whkgv tuv ctc rag vanj hf
/ctc vga,c vshrhv
/zpawt wg hgxn ,"vut vtr inek tcvc (19
/sugu /s 'n ,hatrc j"u, /dpwt /vnwt wg l"b
rushxc tcuv /d"x j"f,x j"ut g"uauy (20
/c 'yx (z"na, ',"ve) rut vru,
20
vkgnk)
hyuek
,ukd whrjt ihta vkutd
/ (hbau iuatr ,hcc cmnvn
ohnhk gdubc icun z"sgu / c
,ukdv lu,c vshrhv ,t ohbhhmnv
yrpcu '",ugucav ,aka" _ vnmg
zun,c rag vgca 'opuxu o,khj,
_ (,uhbg, hnh ova) ctc vga,u
ughdh osh-kga hsfc 'thv o,buufa
/lrgc tka whkgk h"bc
' 1 2t h c b v r n u t a v n u v z a k " h u
r,uh) "wvk iumr ouh" thv ,hbg,a
ifu, ,uhnhbp hf '(vbav ,unh rtan
(;udv hubhg ouhf) ,hbg,v ouhs vshrhv
/"wvk iumr ouh" _ tuv
'thv ,uhbg,v hnhs ,hkf,va sg
ufpvh od vbv 'ukyc,h ova z"g ;xub
ohsgunku vjnaku iuaak" 13vkt ohnh
tnkac :15vktav ,ktabu /14"ohcuy
inzc ctc vga,c ,ukctv kuyhc
rcs tuv hahkav e"nvhc vbcha
_ cuy ouh whvh sug vz gusn lt 'icunv
10
11
d"v v"su, /t 'uy jkac t,khfn vtr (10
/sugu /c 'zye ohjxp _ rntbu
,hcv sucf whvh kusd" (y 'c hdj) a"nfu (11
hahkav e"nvhct htea "iuatrv in iurjtv vzv
29 vrgv 29 wg y"j a"uek vtru /t 'jf t"jz)
(lkhtu t"gx 'd c"c) k"zj ,ars og luuh,
/(hbav e"nvhct htea
vtru /c"px ,"vdtc tcuv /v 'jb whgah (12
/uz vba zun,c rag vgca ,jha
/ch 'tk whnrh p"g (13
wkv ;ux o"cnrc tcuv /yh 'j whrfz (14
415 wg u"yj a"uek vfurtc vtru /,uhbg,
/lkhtu
hgxn ,"vut vfurtc vtr _ inek tcvc (15
313 wg j"hj a"uek vtru /lkhtu spawt g"x
/b"au /lkhtu (138 wg khgk)
,ujha
hyuek
270
xjbhp _ ohrmnv ihc
k",gk vkd,ha hnhbpv obhbg smn m"nvhcc vjnac vsucgv
w d " h n h c a ' 1k h g k r c u s / t
;hxuvk ah "ohrmnv ihc"s ",ugucav
iputc) sjuhn iputc vjnac ,ucrvku
_ lurg ijkua p"g r,unv inzcu
/(,uyapc icunf
-inz uvz hukdcu rjtn :rcsv ogyu
ohfrug ihta inz '2ktrah ogc ,ukhct
-h,kcv ,ugrutnv ceg '3,ujna uc
ogk ukt ohnhc ugrhta ohhumr
icrujk sg 'icrujv _ rehgc 'ktrah
rnv ,ukdv kjv zta asenv ,hc
'(vzv)
lrum _ thv uz vshrh ,buuf orc
ohkgb tdrsu ouenk ghdvk hsfc 'whkg
osue) vkhj,fkn whva vn hcdk r,uh
hrva _ lf rnuk jrfvcu /(vshrhv
vauga vn kfu 'cuyv omg tuv v"cev
,unhkak thcnu '4tuv cuy v"cev
vshrhva rnuk jrfvc ifku /cuyv
whkgk ghdvk hsfc er thv ,ukdc
Qlaujv in rutv 5iur,hf 'r,uh ,hkgb
hsuvha vmr v"ceva iuhfa tkt
vagnc v"cevk ;,ua" tvh
h"g x"ux tuch rcs kfu '6",hatrc
lhsh vagnk") hsuvhv ka u,sucg
t n v b" k a i p u t c t k u ' (7 " ; u x f ,
whv,a v"cev gce ifk _ 8"tpuxfs
,urcd,v rrugh vza hsfc '9vshrh
vru,c uka cec hsuvhv ,sucgc
sg 'lrgc tka whkg thch vzu ',uumnu
'vnhkavu ,h,hntv vkutdvs whkgk
rpx vtru /dh 'c ,kve _ cu,fv wk (5
/j"x laujk xjhc _ rut lrg s"cj-ohfrgv
/b"au
vtru /c 'yhe oa /t 'h ,ca k"zj iuakf (6
/b"au /lkhtu 94 g"x u"yj a"uek z"fc
vucd lrum vsucg ihbgc vtru /uy 'sh cuht (7
c 'yf v"ka /d"p vsucgv ekj e"vucg _
wg l"b /lkhtu yhrwt wg ohypan ,"vut /lkhtu
,ru, ,tz /,"rzg vbhtru vbhtm v"s /,ryg
/sugu /j"gr, vkugv
'z um ,"uek /d"v t"p vkrg hnkaurh vtr (8
/s"g ahr
kkuf) ostv tyj h"g vtcv vshrhv od (9
n"fc rtucnf _ ("ubmrtn ubhkd ubhtyj hbpn"
wg j"hj a"uek vtru /lkhtu s 'ch ,usku, j"u,)
hbdk h,tc v"s /b"au (343 wg inek) 395
"ost hbc kg vkhkg trub" ihbgc (t"ka,
vkhkg" '(s cahu tnujb, arsn /v 'ux ohkv,)
rcud ohngpka '"(s"vg tyjc r"vstc) uc vk,b
uhkg u,hxv vkgnkn hf tyjhu r"vmhs grv
t 'dh oa j"r, _ vz tyjk uthcvk r"vmhv
_ r"vmhv trca ghsun v"ceva vz kg ;xub)
/(c 'cb vfux
/z"na,wv zun, t"f 'xjbhp wp ,ca ,ujhan
oudr, /z"na, xjbhp p"a xrybuec xpsb
/,hshtn
/sugu /uz vba zun, s"h 'ekc p"a ,jha (1
/d 't"p r"fht vtr (2
/s"x oa /c"x t"be,x j"ut t"nr vtr (3
(d lrf) ,hsunk, whspukehmbt _ z"fc vtru
yrpcu /b"au /lkhtu zye wg ohrmnv ihc lrg
,hbg, vban) vjnac ihygnna _ ct xbfban
g"uauy /u"v v"p ,uhbg, wkv o"cnr /c 'uf
t"dn) kkf ihjna ihta aurhp '(t"x t"be,x
/(t"ex oa g"uak
shcg cyk tbnjr shcgs vn kf k"zjnf (4
vfht) ,ugrv tm, tk iuhkg hpnu /(c 'x ,ufrc)
/c 'ue v"ka) vkgnkn sruh gr ihtu /(tk 'd
/(d 't"bp r"c vtru /t"hx e"vdt
19
265
,ujha
v xjbhp
ara iuakn "ct" ka od 'ohbhbgv kf
i v u c t" _ x"av iuakc) ruenu
od) ohbhbgv kfk ruenv '("uvkufs
i,ub vza 'rnuk ahu /(vause hbhbg
vshrh vtc ratfa 'jf f"jt
,ukdk ukfuh (vga hpku ,uhbumhjc)
vnsev er tk) tuv vbhbg kf lht vzc
_ (vbhbg tuv tpud vz tkt 'rjt rcsk
ifu,a 60gushf /vzca ("ojbn") whkgv
,pxu,c "vkud" tuv "vkutd"s ihbgv
ka upukts hukhdv h"ga iuhf ';"kt
tpud vz vagb _ vnmg ,ukdc okug
/"vkutd"
ct ojbn ohfrcn ,cac ubsngcu
"ct ojbn" ,t ohfrcn uca ,cav _
,hnhbp vbuufv r,uh sug vkd,n _
,caca 61gushf] "itf" ,ukdv cmnc
i h c "s , u , c a c y r p c u ' k k f c
vbaha whkgv hukdc ,tmnb '"ohrmnv
jf ,pxu, i,ub vzu '[vbac vz inzc
'"ktrah .rt itf vag" kugpk
/"vkud"c kgupc vkutdv ,t thcvku
vz ubrusc r,uh sug ;xu,n vzcu
j"rs ,ughcec vadsvcu _ vz ubbnzcu
zta 'haav ouhc 'uz vbac ct ojbn
:63iuatrv ostk 62"vsugxk ifun kfv"
tuva) haav ;ktc uhafg ubt ohtmnb
crg" _ tpud ucu '(haav ouh sdbf
'uvhkt ka ubhbg hf _ (xjbhp hrjtk whv thcbv
/vthrcv ,kj,k ;fh, lhha 'vkutdv racn
/d 'vk l,ukgvc ,"uek /c"kpx r"ehu (60
/lkhtu 504 wg c"j t"ab,wv a"vx vtru /n"fcu
/lkhtu 520 wg
wg j"fj /lkhtu 1090 wg S"j a"uek vtr (61
/280
/z"yn d"p ,uct _ vbanv wk (62
/t 'jk ihrsvbx (63
14
hyuek
u,sucgc yrp kfc ,unhka xhbfna
ohrcsk vbfv er ova ohbhbgvc od)
hsuvhv ,t khdrn tpud vz (d)u '(ohrjt
vkutdv ,t thcn vza sg 'vkutdk
.rtk ohrzuj h"bc kfaf vnhkav
ktrah .rt vsh,gu 'vyuapf ktrah
vsucgv h"g) 54,umrtv kfc yap,,a
/(uhafg "ktrah .rt itf vag"s
lfc r,uh adsun vz ihbg /th
ohtrue vca) xjbhp wp ,ca uz vbaca
od thv (.rtv ,eukju ,kjb ,usut
'ct ojbn asuj atr ohfrcn ,ca
:gucac haav ouhc uz vbac kja
oac asujv treb 55vru,ca p"gt
uk turek ktrah dvbn hrv '"ct"
vknv ,t ohphxun '"ct o j b n"
og ohkhj,n :vzn vrh,hu '"ojbn"
vzc ohngyv sjt rnuk ahu /56"ojbn"
,njb kg znrna '"ojbn"a iuhf _
,hkf,vu vbuufv tuv _ vkutdv
:vzn vrh,hu /ct (asujc vshrhv)s
vtca vkj,vv thv (vkutd) "ojbn"
'vshrh ka ohbhbgv kf hbpk
o h e k t j u r u" 58 p " v g ) 57k " z j t n f
,kj,c shna ("ohnv hbp kg ,pjrn
iuhf '59"jhan ka ujur" v,hv vthrcv
ka ,hnhbp vbuufvu suxhv thv vkutda
a"kh /j"ru ,ca wp h,cr t,ehxp vtr (54
/sugu /de, znr whgah
hba oudr, /u-v"n s"p ,hbg, vban (55
/sugu /vf 'dh jka g"ch, /z 'd t"dnk
d"fj /lkhtu 1080 wg s"j a"uek od vtr (56
/sugu /lkhtu (328 wg inek) 214 wg
/p"vg y"vgc /s 'c"p r"c (57
/c 't ,hatrc (58
d"ckr) k"zjtnc ohruthcvn wt od uvzu (59
'me c"jz /jh 'u trtu g"ch, vtru /t 'zh t"n
uvhkta ;t) "uvhkt vz xjbhp" (sugu /t"gx
,ujha
v xjbhp
hyuek
266
hbnhx kf p"gu '64",umj rjtk ,ca
,ufhnxc ann ubt ohtmnb vkutdv
zhrfvu oxrhp 'ghsuva hpfu 'vkutdk
,t unhhx rcfa 'r"unst j"un e"f
jumjm" od kkuf 'vsucgv kf
ifv usng" ,t od unhhxu '65"ohru,pfv
kfv" rcfa ,rnut ,tz '66"ofkuf
,adk ohbfun rcfu '"vsugxk ifun
ruau i,huk ,sugx ,t kuftku 'ijkuak
;fh, '"tc (jhan) vz vbv"a iuhf 'rcv
!ann shnu
vtc tk ihhsg vkutdva iuhf /ch
ubt ohtmnb ,hyrp vjdavcu 'vz gdrc
hrv _ vz inzu ouenc '"itf" sug
,t ohhek ,tz kmbk ohfhrm htsuc
/k"bf '"ktrah .rt itf vag" vtruvv
:kgupk gdubcu
thv "ktrah .rt itf vag"a ,uhv
ubrus thab r"unst j"un e"fa vtruv
yrp 'hukdc vz whv tk vz hbpku) oxrp
vtruv hvuza icun _ (vkudx hshjhk
og okuf ohruaea 'rusv habt kfk
/(67"kfv tuv thabv") rusv thab
,ugucac ohtmnb ratf sjuhncu
,kjb ,usut vru,c ohtrue ovca
ifun kfv" uca inzcu '.rtv ,eukju
vkutdv ;x kg ohtmnbu "vsugxk
lhrm _ ,uyapc ktrah .rt ,eukju
u,sucgc r,uh sug ;hxuvk sjt kf
sjt kf '"ktrah .rt itf vag"s
unuenc ';yu ohab ohabt ',jtu
,hkf,c ,tz ,uagku 'tuv ucmnu
uka vagnu ruchs vcajnc ,unhkav
,unhkak unmg ,t khdrvk z"hgu _
/(k"bf) vkutdv cmns
,ujhkau ekj ah hsuvh kfk /dh
kgc tuv sjt /v"cev uk i,ba okugc
sunhk ubhbg rjtu '("iukucz"n) exg
dux kfcu 'c"uhfu '("rfaah") vru,v
,ujhkau ekj sjt kfk ah _ tpud
ekjc tmnb sjt kfu /okugc ,rjt
u,ut thcv uhkta _ okugc ohhuxn
'(68"ubbuf rcd hsgmn wvn") v"cev
/vz ouenc teus thv u,ujhkaa iuhf
kf 'gdr kfk _ inzk gdubc z"sgu
kfu 'vba kf 'asuj kf 'ouh kf 'vga
,ujhkau vsucg vbah _ vpue,
/,nhhuxn
gdr kfu ouenc vsueb kfa odvu
_ okugc sjt kf ka u,ujhkau 'inzc
kf 'okugv kfn iye ekj er thv
kufh ohngpku 'ohbnzv kfu ,unuenv
tuv whv ukht whv smhf :cuajk ost
if,h 'rjt inzc rjt ouenc tmnb
hkutu 'rjt iputc v,hv u,sucga
'v,g thva hpfn cuy r,uh vcrv
Qc"uhfu
iuhf :vktav ktavk vkufh z"sgu
'okugc vbye vbhp er thv h,sucga
f"f n"epb htnk _ yrpca yrpcu
vrutfka f"uftgu 'vzc dvb,t smhf
kg vgpav oua _ u,gsk _ vzk iht
?okugv kf
smhf :tuv ktua _ vzn vrh,hu
269
,ujha
v xjbhp
ohnh ,kj,v osue suga 'iumr hvhu
sughv ohhuehu vkutdv rcf tuc, ukt
vjnaku iuaak" ukt ohnh 83ufpvh
'84"ohcuy ohsgunku
vsucgv ,t ohaug h"bca z"hgu
',unhkac "ktrah .rt itf vag"s
shnu ;fh, xbfhb _ vkutdvk kdr,vk
ubkuf lkbu 'vkutdvc suehr lu,n ann
ekj kuybu 'ktrah .rtk suehrc
vakak" k"gk ktrah .rt ,eukjc
'unmgc v"cev h"g '"ohyca rag
'1"unmgc ovk ekjn tuv lurc ausev"
yap,,a ktrah .rt vsh,g (k"bf)u
/,umrtv kfc
/dh 'tk whnrh (83
/,uhbg, wkv ;ux o"cnr /yh 'j whrfz (84
15
sg asuj atrn '(f"jt rac ,sugx
ctc vga, crgc od) ctc vga,
r,unv iputc _ ctc (hrhag) vga,cu
/(g"ua p"g
ohnhca iuhf _ rcsc ohngyvnu
ohr,unv ohbputv kf ,t ohapjn ukt
'ohjnau ohcuy ohbhbgc ;hxuvk smhf
vshrhvc hnhbp cuyv ,t ,ukdk z"hgu
wv hsuep"n kjv 'ukt ohnh og vruaev
vjna ihaug _ 81"ck hjnan ohrah
htsf vz ogy hbpnu] 82vru, ka vrndk
,ga,"ca ,cav ouhc od ouhx lurgk
'ct wc ,ca iv _ uz vbacu '"ohnhv
/[(vjsb) ctc vga, ,ca ivu
/y 'yh ohkv, (81
/h"x t"be,x j"ut /unr x"ux s"uh t"nr (82
asue ,urdt vtru /245 wg h"a, n"vx (64
,ujhav rpx /tke, wg t"j m"hhruvn r"unst
/256 wg t"j b"a,
/y"pr, ,"jna ,jha vtr (65
s"j m"hhruvn r"unst asue ,urdt vtr (66
/,cy uy "ouh ouhv" vtru /ygr wg
/tf 'tf ,euj h"arp (67
/df 'zk ohkv, (68
hyuek
18
,ujha
v xjbhp
_ (vagnu ruchs vcajnc) ,hyrpv
s"g 'uruchsc od tyc,vk lhrm z"v
rusj tuva iuhfa '"rcsn whv krudv"
vag"s vsucgu vtruvv og ,uhnhbpc
,hnhbp ,uhj lu,n '"ktrah .rt itf
od ,uhj lu,n vz ,usut tuv rcsn _
vag"s vtruvv ,t oxrpnu 'ohrjtk
kmt 'u,hc hbc kmt "ktrah .rt itf
'uhshnk, kmt f"uftgu 'uhkt ohcurev
kufha hn kf og vz ,usut rcsna sg
'u,uhnhbpn tc vza iuhfu 'uhkt ghdvk
ckv in ohtmuhv ohrcs tuv rcsn
'o,kugp ohkgupu 79ckv kt ohxbfba
whj tndus vtrna z"hg f"uftgu
oda kgupa sg /unmg ,sucgn
whv krudv" _ ohrcsn ohagb ohgnuav
/"rcsn
,ca htmunc shn :kgupk gdubcu
_ (vz hbpk u"j tuch tk jhan ot)
iputc) tuva ouen kfc oxrpk udtsh
vaG" vtruvv ,t (,ca hrjtk r,unv
ouxrhpc lhanvku /"ktrah .rt itf
tucha sg 'vz hrjtka ohnhc vtruvv
ktrah .rtc lhanvk ztu ubesm jhan
ktrah .rt vsh,g kg ;xub 'vyuapf
/,umrtv kfc yap,,a
vsucgc ohsjuhnv ohbhbgvn /uy
ohfhhav "ktrah .rt itf vag"s
ohkhj,na) "ohnhv ,ga,"k sjuhnc
lurgk 80dvbnv tuv _ (haav ouhc
ouh kfc x"av ,u,fxnc "ohnuhx"
ohkfut tkaf ukhpt) "ohnhv ,ga,"n
hyuek
268
ohprymn uka ohkudkdv kfs vsucgva
/u,sucgc
tka vn _ hsuvh kfa 'icun vznu
ujfc ah _ okugc u,ujhka whv,
z"hgu '"ktrah .rt (kf) itf" ,uagk
ukhpt /ukuf okugv kfc lf kugpk _
'okugv hbhbgc exg kgc tuv ost ot
tkhncu 'c"uhfu ,xbfv ,hcc htcd tku
,ufhha uzht cuajk vrutfk tuv kufh
" k t r a h . r t" ,ause og uk ah
x"bfvhcc teus lhha vz vrutfk)
vzk ;xub hrv _ (c"uhfu s"nvhcu
h"g vzc ;,,avk tuv kufha
s"nvhcu x"bfvhc ihbcc ,up,,av
u,sucg od hrv 'c"uhfu ubunnc
v,ut vaug tuv ratf) ,hyrpv
kf vfu,c ,kkuf (ujf hpk ,unhkac
/"ktrah .rt" hekj kfu vsucgv hbhbg
vbah hsuvh kfka 'icun od z"pgu
okugv kfk vkutdv ,t thcvk ,uhrjt
u,sucg vauga z"hga iuhf _ ukuf
ruchs vcajnc) ,unhkac ,hyrpv
gdrc _ yrpca yrpc ukhpt '(vagnu
ujfc ah '("itf") sjt ouencu sjt
z"hgu '"ktrah .rt" v z n , u a g k
kfc vnhka vkutdv ,t thcvku kugpk
!okugv
cure ubsngc :,uyuap ,uh,utcu
hsuvh kf lhrm _ vkutdv hbpk ann
unmg ,t chmvku vkutdk kdr,vk
unuh ,hhag h"g 'vkutd ka adru cmnc
,hhagu '"(,hyrp) vkutd ouh"k hyrpv
z"hg '"ktrah .rt" _ hyrpv unuen
ouencu vz gdrc uka vsucgv vauga
ruchs vcajnc ',unhkav ,hkf,c vz
/vagnu
vsucgv ,unhkan vtmu,fu /sh
v"kac tcuv /d"hx ,"rk rahv rpx (79
/t 'yx
rpx od vtru /46 wg s"cj ohdvbnv rpx (80
/sugu /564 wg c"j j"na, ,ujhav
17
267
,ujha
v xjbhp
ktrah .rt iht" 71k"zj urntu '"vba
("vc kf rxj, tk 72rntba oukf vrxj
ihta 74ktrahn lk iht" 73k"zjtnf _
'[75"engcu cdbcu vkpacu rvc uk
chhj sjtu sjt kf"a vzn icunf
iuhfa '76"okugv trcb hkhcac rnuk
icun hrv 'ukhcac trcb okugv kfa
z"hg 'okugv kfc kugpk ujfc aha
ufu,c kkuf _ hyrpv uekjc _ tuva
,tu" 77a"nf) ukuf okugv kf ,t
/("ockc i,b okugv
sjt uec er thv u,sucga odvu
ohehsmu h"bcn od jfunsf] c"uhfu
'ihs tnkgc o,ujhka ,t unhhx rcfa
78,uraf ,ezjc ktrah kfa iuhfu
unhhe (p"fg oekj) ova rnuk ohfhrm
p"gt 'okugc o,ujhka ,t ,unhkac
hrv _ [vsucgv hue kfc vz whv tka
hue kf ,t ufu,c hsuvh kf kkuf ,ntc
ohrnuta vzn icunf _ vsucgv
vz kudkdc ihc" vynv kg gna ,threc
iucaj uvza iuhfa '"rjt kudkdc ihc
od kugpk ujfc aha icun hrv 'esm
tuv kufh ifka) rjt kudkdk gdubc
icun z"pgu '(z"g apbv iucaj ,uagk
/c 'tp tnuh (71
/y 'j ceg (72
/c 'tp e"c (73
ycau yca lk iht" xhrds ,htu (74
/(t 'cfe c"c _ okugv v"su,) "ktrahn
unf vzn vuac ovk iht vzv okugc" tkt (75
tcv okugk kct 'vcrv vznu ygn vzn tkt 'vzn
/(oa wxu,) "vua rugha kfv in uk ah
/t 'zk ihrsvbx vban (76
ahr 'v rcsnc ,"uek vtru /th 'd ,kve (77
/c"g
/c"v c"p asujv aushe wkv o"cnr (78
16
hyuek
_ vkutdv ,t thcha ubnn ohgcu,
inzc uc _ okugv kfk ,hkkf vkutd
okugc iye ekjc er thv u,sucga
!?(inzcu ouenc)
ah lk 'hsuvh kfk ohrnut z"gu
.rt itf vag" _ ubrus thabn vtruv
tyc,vk vfhrm vbht l,sucg :"ktrah
rjt vmec vagba vn ,usut vcajnc
onmg hbpc rjt inzcu okugv ka
rxn,vk tkt _ vsrpb ,kgu,ku
(vagnu ruchs vcajnc) hrndk
lnuenc _ "ktrah .rt itf" ,hhagc
/hyrpv lbnzn gdr kfcu hyrpv
okugv kfc od kgp, z"hg teusu
lekjca iuhf _ (inz kfcu ouen kfc)
'okugv hekj kf ohkkfb okugc
.rt ,eukjk gdubc whva hpf s"gu]
kfu) yca kfa p"gta _ ktrah
ohhuxn ekj kce (yca kfc vjpan
kf ,t ekj kfk whv '69ktrah .rtc
ktrah .rt (hekj kf)s ,ukgnv
wv hbhg wud rat .rt" 70rntb whkga)
,hrjt sgu vbav ,harn vc lhekt
vcurn whva ycak" _ h"ar ,gsk (69
ohuua ohekjv uhv tk / / cr ekj ub,b ihxkfutc
h"arp) "ohekjv uekj ycav huchr hpk kfv hrv
uekja '(oa) i"cnrv ,gsku '(sb 'uf ub,arp
uhabta ihc) yca kfk ohua ohekjk .rtv
crk" cu,fvu '(ohygun uhabta ihcu ohcurn
kg tk "u,kjb yhgn, ygnk u,kjb vcr,
ycav lu,ca ,ujpanv kg tkt rntb ohycav
,hsunk, whspukehmbt _ vz kfc vtr) unmg
/(b"au /zy, wg krud lrg /dr wg ktrah .rt lrg
aha hpk vsnc .rtv vekj,b tk" _ iput kfcu
gr ruf ,hc tnuac tkt urhcjn jcuan kucd
hrpx) "ohnsv hpk kfv cuy vtx ,hc sdbf
/,ufhtc ohua ohekj ubhhv '(oa xjbhp h"arpu
/ch 'th ceg (70