Workshop no. 9
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children (OVC)
Itinerant Teacher Support Towards Inclusive
Education in Jakarta, Indonesia
By: Mimi M. Lusli, HKI Inclusive Education Trainer
Helen Keller
International
Mission Statement:
To save the sight and lives of the
most vulnerable and
disadvantaged. We combat the
causes and consequences of
blindness and malnutrition by
establishing programs based on
evidence and research in vision,
health and nutrition.
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Education
Situation

Number of Children in School: 39,117,214
– Drop out rate from primary school to junior high: 28.6%
– Drop out rates from junior high to High: 17.4%

66,425 Students with Disabilities attending school (est. less than
5%)
– 17,885 (26.9%) public supported
– 48,540 (73.1%) private school
(source: Ministry of National Education, Republic of Indonesia)
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Situational
Analysis
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Barriers to Access
Barriers to Resources
Stigma/Lack of
Information
Inadequate
Policy
Lack of
Sufficient
Budgets
Too Far to
Travel
Vulnerable
CHILD
Lack of
Human
Resources
SCHOOL
Lack of
Human
Resources
Poor
Accessibility
Lack of
Adequate
Curriculum
Poor
Home
Environment
Lack of
Obligation
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
RESOURCE
CENTRE
Opportunities for
Vulnerable
Children’s
Program Goals
• Strengthen the management and
teaching capacity
• Develop working models of schools
for inclusion
• End systemic exclusion and/or
segregation of disabled children
• Increase public awareness
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
A blind student enrolled in mainstream
school works on a specially equipped
computer at a satellite resource centre.
Review:
Inclusive
Education
IE aims to ensure that all children have access to an
appropriate, relevant, affordable and effective education
within their community. This education starts in the home
with the family, and includes formal, non-formal and all types
of community-based education initiatives.
Source: “What is Inclusive Education – Concept Sheet”, Sue Stubbs, Save the Children (UK)
Inclusive education is an approach that looks into
how to transform education systems in order to
remove the barriers that prevent pupils from
participating fully in education.
Source: http://www.unescobkk.org/education/appeal/topic08.htm
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Developing
Access and
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Systems
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
– OVC INTERVENTIONS
Barriers to Resources
Barriers to Access
Stigma/Lack
of
Information
Inadequate
Policy
Lack of
Sufficient
Budgets
Too Far to
Travel
Vulnerable
CHILD
SCHOOL
Lack of
Human
Resources
Lack of
Human
Resources
Poor
Accessibility
Lack of
Adequate
Curriculum
Poor
Home
Environment
Teacher Training
Lack of
Obligation
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
RESOURCE
CENTER
Developing
Access and
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
SystemsOpportunities
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
– OVC INTERVENTIONS
Barriers to Access
Barriers to Resources
Stigma/Lack
of
Information
Inadequate
Policy
Lack of
Sufficient
Budgets
Too Far to
Travel
Vulnerable
CHILD
SCHOOL
Lack of
Human
Resources
Lack of
Human
Resources
Poor
Accessibility
Lack of
Adequate
Curriculum
Poor
Home
Environment
Teacher Training
Lack of
Obligation
Parent
Support
Group
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
RESOURCE
CENTER
Developing
Access and
Systems Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
– OVC INTERVENTIONS
Barriers to Access
Barriers to Resources
Stigma/Lack
of
Information
Inadequate
Policy
Lack of
Sufficient
Budgets
Too Far to
Travel
Vulnerable
CHILD
SCHOOL
Satellite
Resource
Centers
Lack of
Human
Resources
Lack of
Human
Resources
Poor
Accessibility
Lack of
Adequate
Curriculum
Poor
Home
Environment
Teacher Training
Parent
Support
Group
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Lack of
Obligation
RESOURCE
CENTER
Developing
Access and
Systems Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK – OVC INTERVENTIONS
Barriers to Access
Barriers to Resources
Stigma/Lack
of
Information
Community
Trainings
Inadequate
Policy
Lack of
Sufficient
Budgets
Too Far to
Travel
Vulnerable
CHILD
SCHOOL
Satellite
Resource
Centers
Lack of
Human
Resources
Lack of
Human
Resources
Poor
Accessibility
Lack of
Adequate
Curriculum
Poor
Home
Environment
Teacher Training
Parent
Support
Group
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Lack of
Obligation
RESOURCE
CENTER
Developing
Access and
SystemsOpportunities for Vulnerable Children
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
– OVC INTERVENTIONS
Barriers to Access
Stigma/Lack
of
Information
Community
Trainings
Barriers to Resources
Social Marketing
Activities
Inadequate
Policy
Lack of
Sufficient
Budgets
Too Far to
Travel
Vulnerable
CHILD
SCHOOL
Satellite
Resource
Centers
Lack of
Human
Resources
Lack of
Human
Resources
Poor
Accessibility
Lack of
Adequate
Curriculum
Poor
Home
Environment
Teacher Training
Lack of
Obligation
Parent
Support
Group
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
RESOURCE
CENTER
Developing
Access and
SystemsOpportunities for Vulnerable Children
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK – OVC INTERVENTIONS
Barriers to Access
Stigma/Lack
of
Information
Community
Trainings
Barriers to Resources
Social Marketing
Activities
SCHOOL
Satellite
Resource
Centers
Lack of
Human
Resources
Lack of
Human
Resources
Poor
Accessibility
Lack of
Adequate
Curriculum
Poor
Home
Environment
Policy
Initiatives
Lack of
Sufficient
Budgets
Too Far to
Travel
Vulnerable
CHILD
Inadequate
Policy
Teacher Training
Lack of
Obligation
Parent
Support
Group
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
RESOURCE
CENTER
Developing
Access and
Systems
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK – OVC INTERVENTIONS
Barriers to Access
Stigma/Lack
of
Information
Community
Trainings
Barriers to Resources
Social Marketing
Activities
Policy
Initiatives
Lack of
Sufficient
Budgets
Too Far to
Travel
Vulnerable
CHILD
Inadequate
Policy
SCHOOL
Lack of
Human
Resources
Lack of
Human
Resources
Poor
Accessibility
Lack of
Adequate
Curriculum
RESOURCE
CENTER
Inclusive School
Training
Satellite
Resource
Centers
Poor
Home
Environment
Teacher Training
Lack of
Obligation
Parent
Support
Group
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Itinerant
Resource
Teacher
Giving support to:




student
family
curriculum
mainstream teacher and
school
Roles:



team teaching
consultant
administrator
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Itinerant
Resource
Teacher
Policies:
 Provincial Department of Education – DKI Jakarta number
727/2004, concerning appointment of special schools as
resource centers.

Provincial Department Education – DKI Jakarta number
54.B/2006, concerning on credit point for resource teacher
inclusive education guideline in DKI Jakarta.

Provincial Department Basic Education and Provincial
Department of Middle and Higher Education – DKI Jakarta
number 630/2005 & 376/2005, concerning inclusive education
guidelines.
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Training Module
for Resource
Teacher

For students with visually impairment: 18 month training in
partnership with the Royal National Institute For Blind, UK.

For students with hearing impairment: 12 month training in
partnership with Gallaudet University, USA.

For students with intellectual and cognitive disability: 12 month
training in partnership with Yayasan Pantara and consultant.

For students with physical disability: 12 month training in
partnership with Yayasan Pendidikan Anak Cacat.
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Learning
Process





child centred
flexible and accommodative
approaches
using variety of methods
and media
material adaptation
(modification, omission,
substitution)
evaluation based on child
achievement (scoring and
description)
Teachers working in a group modify science
material for students with visual impairments
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Itinerant
Resource
Teacher
Now in 7th grade, Fachry has
attended mainstream school
since the 5th grade. This past
semester Fachry ranked 3rd in
his class.
Heri, a resource teacher, provides support to his
student Adit, a student with cognitive disabilities.
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Teacher
Training
Mimi conducts inclusive education training
for teachers at SDN Johar Baru 29 in
Jakarta. This 3-day training focuses on
inclusive class management and is given to
all OVC partnership schools.
Teachers work in groups to make student
profiles, assessments and IEP’s. This is an
important part of the Inclusive Education
Training.
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Friendly Class
Management
Students at SDN Kramajati 24 learn in groups
and are supported by learning aids to explain
about geometric design.
A teacher uses an individual approach to support a
child with a learning disability.
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Key Issues
&
Next Steps
• Empowering Resource Teachers and other Community
Stakeholders
• Resource teachers networks should be expanded
• Government, legislature and community understanding of recent
policy on the local level are vital to the potential impact of IE on
every child
• Children with special needs should always be included in all
education programs working towards Millennium Development
Goals 2
• More data is needed and should be incorporated into EMIS
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children
Thank You
Opportunities for Vulnerable Children