AP CHAPTER 21 TEST BANK
1. Which inventor created a more efficient steam
engine?
A. Edison.
B. Bell.
C. Morse.
D. Watt.
2. How did the steam engine affect industrial
growth?
A. Goods could be transported to new
markets.
B. It offered a more efficient source of
power.
C. Rail transport came to replace sea
transport.
D. It reduced pollution from oil and coal.
3. The first nation to industrialize on the continent
was
a) Prussia
b) France
c) Belgium
d) Russia
e) Denmark
4. All of the following were results of the Industrial
Revolution EXCEPT
a. It created two new social classes
b. It displaced the landed aristocracy as the
dominant social class
c. I brought great wealth to factory owners
d. It subjected workers and their families to
low wages, long working days, and
oppressive
e. It created poverty much worse than that in
the countryside
5.Which of the following was an advantage enjoyed
by Great Britain that helps explain why the Second
Industrial Revolution originated there?
a. An extensive river system
b. The lack of internal trade tariffs
c. A well-developed commercial economy
d. Natural resources
e. All of the above
6. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, the country
that held the lead in innovation and industrial
production was
a. Russia
b. France
c. Germany
d. Great Britain
e. Holland
7.In general , the Second Industrial Revolution in
Europe
a. Began n the Continent and spread in all
directions
b. Took place in Great Britain
c. Took place more slowly in Eastern Europe
d. Was stimulated by government investment
in Western Europe
e. Took place later but more rapidly in Eastern
Europe
8.All of the following are characteristics of the
Industrial Revolution (1780-1830) EXCEPT
a. That it replaced hand manufacture with
machine production
b. That it concentrated the working force in
factories
c. That it was aperiod of dramatic
advancement
d. That it took place in France
e. That it transformed European society
9. In what ways were railroads an improvement over
canals?
A. Railroads could connect two rivers.
B. Railroads could connect an inland town
to a coastal port.
C. Railroads did not have to follow the
course of a river.
D. Railroads were the only form of
. overland transportation
10. All the following were results of the Irish potato
blight in the 1840s EXCEPT
a. Reforms to benefit the Irish peasants
b. Starvation and disease
c. Irish immigration, mainly to the United
States
d. Repeal of the Corn Laws
e. Continued severe poverty in Ireland
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AP CHAPTER 21 TEST BANK
11. The railway boom of the 1830s and 1840s
a. Increased demand for steel but decreased
demand for coal
b. Did not effect the demand for steel
c. Increased demand for both steel and coal
d. Increased demand for coal but decreased
demand for steel
e. Did not affect the demand for coal
POPULATION IN MILLIONS
Country
1800
England
9
Germany
25
Italy
17
France
27
1900
33
56
34
39
12. The chart above provides population estimateds
for selected European countries in the years 18001900. Which of the following is the most valid
interpretation of the statistics?
a. The population doubled in each of the
countries identified
b. The population of Italy and Germany
doubled because of national unification
c. The population growth reflects the degree
to which each of the nations industrialized
d. The population of England grew at a faster
rate than any other nations identified
e. Colonialism caused the indigenous
population of England to increased fourfold
14. What historical trend was most responsible for
the change in Birmingham’s population shown
above?
A. Immigration from the colonies.
B. Industrial growth.
C. Improvements in urban health care.
D. Famine in rural areas.
13. The chart above depicts the process of
urbanization in
(A) Austria- Hungary
(B) England and Wales
(C) France
(D) Germany
(E) Spain and Portugal
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1918
1919
1920
17.7
18.5
25.5
20.3
22.0
28.1
17.What information can be concluded from the
preceding table?
a. Better nutrition in Scotland led to a higher
birthrate
b. The number of illegitimate births declined
during the wars
c. There was a long-term decline in the
birthrate in Great Britain dating back to the
19th century
d. There was a post-war rise in the birthrate
e. Because women worked in factories during
the war, the birthrate declined
Left side of graph should read “Population (in
millions)”, the first number is 1700 not 700
15. All of the following statements about Europe’s
population in the eighteenth century can be
inferred from the graph above EXCEPT:
(A) For most of the century, France had the largest
population of any European power.
(B) The population of Eastern Europe outstripped
that of Western Europe in size.
(C) Russia experienced the largest increase in rate of
population growth.
(D) The population of the British Isles grew
throughout the century.
(E) Rates of population growth increased after 1750.
Year
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
Births per 1000 of Total Population
England and
Scotland
Wales
24.1
25.5
23.8
26.1
21.9
23.9
20.9
22.9
17.8
20.3
18. The graph above depicts the lengths, from
longest to shortest, of the railway systems of
(A) the United Kingdom, the Italian states, France
(B) the United Kingdom, the German states, France
(C) The German states, the United Kingdom, the
Italian states
(D) France, the German states, the Italian states
(E) France, the United Kingdom, the German states
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23. All of the goals of the Chartist movement were
eventually achieved in Great Britain EXCEPT
a. The secret ballot
b. Annual parliaments
c. Equal electoral districts
d. Abolition of property requirements for
Members of Parliament
e. Salaries for Members of Parliament
19. The graph above best supports which of the
following statements?
(A) The Industrial Revolution destroyed the standard
of living of the working classes.
(B) The ideas associated with the Renaissance and
the Reformation encouraged the English to have
large families.
(C) During the eighteenth century, the English
population suffered substantially from periodic
famines.
(D) The English population increased in the
seventeenth century despite civil wars and
revolution.
(E) During the late eighteenth century, the English
population grew faster than it had from 1450 to
1600
20. As a result of the Second Industrial Revolution,
the majority of skilled artisans and craftsman
a. Prospered
b. Became managers in factories
c. Lost their livelihoods
d. Moved to towns and cities
e. Were women
21. The Chartist movement in England advocated all
the following EXCEPT
a. Universal suffrage
b. Salaries for members of Parliament
c. Minimum wage
d. More equality among voting districts
e. Voting by secret ballot
22. A major goal of English Chartists in the 1840’s
was
(A) equal distribution of wealth
(B) protective tariffs for farm products
(C) war with France
(D) abolition of the monarchy
(E) the vote for all men
24.The primary purpose of the Chartist movement of
the 1840s was to
a. Get working men an eight-hour day
b. Convince working men to unionize
c. Get the House of Commons to pass the Six
Act of the People’s Charter
d. Form a political party that would challenge
the Whig and Tory political dominance
e. Tap into the revolutionary potential of the
English working class
25. The Chartist movement (1837-1842) in Britain
demonstrated
a. The power of the monarchy
b. The degree to which the lower-middle and
working classes desired further reform
c. The strength of nationalism
d. Opposition to monarchy
e. The degree to which working people were
opposed to the mechanization of industry
26. Much of the agenda of the 19th century Chartist
movement in England involved voting reform. The
Chartist wanted
a. Numerically balanced electoral districts
b. Female suffrage
c. Elimination of the House of Lords
d. Reduction of the voting age to 18
e. All of the above
27. All of the following were reforms demanded by
the program of Chartism EXCEPT
a. Payment of salaries to member of the
House of Commons
b. Universal male suffrage
c. The secret ballot
d. Annual elections in the House of Commons
e. The maintenance of the property
requirement for members of the House of
Commons
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AP CHAPTER 21 TEST BANK
28. After the passage of the English Factory Act in
1833
a. There was a marked decreased in
productivity
b. More children were exploited in the
workplace
c. Many British working class laborers
demanded shorter workdays for adults
d. The workday for adult and older teenagers
was shortened
e. Working-class parents became more
involved in the education of their children
33. An advocate of laissez faire
a. Advocates protectionist tariffs
b. Argues that the government should
refrain from trying to regulate the
economy
c. argues that only natural laws are
legitimate
d. agrues that the government should act
as an “invisible hand” to regulate the
economy
e. argues that a monarch rules by the
command of God
29. Which of the following best characterizes women
in the new service work force of the late 19th century
a. They were unmarried and young
b. They were young, married, and middle class
c. They were young, married and mothers of
children
d. They were middle-aged
e. They were independently wealthy
34. The principles of laissez-faire advocate that
a. A country should have colonies for raw
materials
b. A country’s wealth is counted in it gold and
silver
c. All tariffs should be eliminated
d. Countries should be self-sufficient
e. Governments should control wages and
prices
30. Police forces in the early 18th century were
a. Staffed by community volunteers
b. Politically appointed
c. Paid and professionally trained
d. A special branch of the local government
e. Funded by local aristocrats concerned with
falling property rights
31. Which of the following were aspects of the 19 th
century prison reform EXCEPT
a. Grouping men, women, and children
together in “family” units
b. The complete separation of prisoners at all
times
c. The separation of prisoners during the
nights
d. An individual cell for each prisoner
e. Long periods of silence among prisoners
32. The 19th century attempts to create new police
forces and reform prisons are reflective of which
growing political sentiment?
a. Reactionary conservatism
b. A need to impose order in a growing and
migrating population
c. The end of Enlishtenment influence
d. An intolerance of the lower classes
e. New attitudes of social benevolence and
welfare
35. Which of the following was a strong advocate of
laissez faire
a. Karl Marx
b. Thomas Malthus
c. Adam Smith
d. Robert Owen
e. Jeremy Bentham
36. He believed that charity and medicine made
matters worse because he saw the central human
problem as one of population versus production
a. Thomas Malthus
b. David Ricardo
c. Adam Smith
d. Karl Marx
e. Jeremy Bentham
37. According to Ricardo’s Iron Law of Wages
a. Workers in pig iron production must earn
subsistence wages
b. Population will outrun the food supply
c. A ten-hour workday was most productive
d. Variations in the supply and demand of
labor will lead to eventual mass starvation
e. Poverty will end only with the public
ownership of the means of production
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AP CHAPTER 21 TEST BANK
38. David Ricardo has a pessimistic outlook toward
the English factory workers. He believed
a. Overpopulation was about to doom the
working class
b. Laissez faire policies were necessary to
expand trade
c. Paying workers more would only
encourage larger families, who would
consume the excess
d. Education wasn’t necessary for the poor
e. All of the above
39. The 1834 Zollverein (Prussian customs union)
was designed to do which of the following?
(A) Create a common currency
(B) Achieve national unification
(C) Promote European colonial expansion
(D) Create an enlarged trading area
(E) Slow the construction of railroads
40. Utilitarians differed form other kinds of liberals
in their
a. Support of tradition
b. Emphasis on individual liberty
c. Tendency to be more supportive of
government intervention
d. Call for the abolition of private property
e. Advocacy of violence
41. “The greatest happiness for the greatest
number” was the explicit goal of which of the
following movements?
(A) Romanticism
(B) Utilitarianism
(C) Pietism
(D) Anarchism
(E) Jansenism
42.Utilitarians differed from other liberals by
a. Supporting government regulation of
working conditions in factories
b. Calling for the abolition of many traditional
institutions
c. Believing in the existence of natural laws
that govern human behavior
d. Calling for the abolition of private property
e. Regarding many religious practices as mere
superstitions
43. Which if the following 19th century ideologies
stressed both individual freedom and government
regulation?
a. Socialism
b. Utilitarianism
c. Liberalism
d. Conservatism
e. Anarchism
44.Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarianism
a. Promoted the view that population grew
geometrically while food supplies grew
arithmetically
b. Demanded workers’ cooperatives be
created in place of a market economy
c. Argued that human happiness though the
“greatest happiness of the greatest
number”.
d. Asserted that wages would stabilize at the
subsistence level
e. Stated that class identity should be
associated with the means of production
45. Working and middle class individuals were united
in opposition to
a. The Factory Act
b. Chartism
c. The Reform Bill of 1867
d. The Great Reform Bill of 1832
e. The Corn Laws
46. The end of the Corn Laws in Great Britain in 1846
was an indication that
a. a.The government was fully responsive to
the needs of workers
b. b.The industrial revolution was beginning to
slow down
c. c.Grain was now available in abundance
d. d.The role of the monarchy was in decline
e. e.The old landed classes no longer fully
dominated politics
47. The repeal of the British Corn Laws in 1846 was
most strongly opposed by
a. factory owners
b. wage laborers
c. wealthy landowners
d. religious dissenters
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AP CHAPTER 21 TEST BANK
48. A factor accelerating the British government’s
repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846 was the
(A) South Sea Bubble scandal
(B) American Revolution
(C) Irish potato famine
(D) development of relatively inexpensive ocean
transport
(E) worldwide mechanization of grain farming
49. Industrial socialism
a. Advocated the abolition of private property
b. Sought to create to profitable industrial
enterprise without exploiting workers
c. Called for the creation of phalansteries
d. Advocated a return to small-scale
production by skilled artisans
e.Advocated government regulation of working
conditions
50.
Which of the following was a common
theme among nineteenth-century Utopian
socialists?
a. Support of organized religion
b. Rejection of the institution of marriage
c. Advocacy of social and economic planning
d. Revolutionary overthrow of the existing order
e. Promotion of mass political parties
51. The Utopian Socialists were labeled as such
by Marx mainly because
a. He could not imagine how such plans
could be funded
b. He hated their plans for agricultural
communities
c. He thought that they were primarily
anarchists
d. He believed that their ideas were
unsystematic and unscientific
e. He viewed with disdain any ideas that
failed to account for bourgeois advarice
52. Anarchists believed that inidividuals would
be free only when
a. The state is geared toward better
meeting the needs of workers
b. The individual accepted that freedom is
in the mind and not possible in a
physical sense
c. The state is abolished
d. The teaching of Marx are accepted
e. The individual is free to return to the
simple rural life
53. Early 19th century Luddites were known for
a. Political liberalism
b. Chartism
c. Organizing the first British Labor unions
d. Breaking machinery
e. Republicanism
54. "By the charter granted by our late sovereign the
framework knitters are empowered to break and
destroy all frames and engines that fabricate articles
in a fraudulent and deceitful manner."
The quotation above is a formulation of the ideas of
which of the following groups?
(A) Benthamites
(B) Anarchists
(C) Socialists
(D) Luddites
(E) Methodists
55. Which of the following was most closely
associated with anarchism?
(A) The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand
and his wife Sophie
(B) The execution of Tsar Nicholas 11 and his family
(C) The split between the Mensheviks and the
Bolsheviks
(D) The formation of the Fabian Society
(E) The growth of the syndicalist movement
56. 19th century anarchists were most active in
a. Britain
b. France
c. Russia
d. Italy
e. Germany
57. Writers and activitists of the 1840s who rejected
both industry and the domination of government are
known as
a. Marxists
b. Communists
c. Owenists
d. Anarchists
e. Socialists
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58. Which of the following was a result of the
expansion of literacy in the late 19th century?
a. A decline in the production of visual art
b. A strengthened love of democracy among
most literary activists
c. An explosion in the number of cheap
newspapers published
d. A weakened spirit of nationalism
e. An instant improvement in the overall
quality of literature available
59.
In The Communist Manifesto (1848), Karl
Marx and Friedrich Engels asserted that
a. technology was evil and would bring more
suffering than benefits to the working class
b. capitalism was a necessary stage of economic
and social development
c. a socialist revolution was most likely to occur in
Russia
d. the goals of nationalism and socialism were
inseparable
e. the working class was so oppressed that it was
unable to help itself
60. “The history of all hitherto existing societies is
the history of class struggles.”
The quotation above is from the writings of
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Robespierre and Danton
Saint-Simon
Marx and Engels
Malthus
Bismarck
61. Which of the following statements best reflects
the ideas of Karl Marx?
(A) Population grows in geometric progression.
(B) Humans share a common ancestry with apes.
(C) The market is governed by an invisible hand.
(D) A classless society will emerge at the end of the
dialectical process.
(E) Happiness results from the greatest good for the
greatest number.
62. Which of the following ideas is common to the
works of both Karl Marx and the classical
economists?
(A) The overthrow of the bourgeoisie by the revolutionary proletariat is inevitable.
(B) Class struggle is the mechanism of historical
progress.
(C) The free exchange of wages for labor ensures
social harmony.
(D) The value of a product is largely determined by
the value of the labor used to produce it.
(E) The triumph of the proletariat will bring about a
classless society
63. “In place of the old bourgeois society, with its
classes and class antagonism, we shall have an association, in which the free development of each is the
condition for the free
development of all.”
These words express the ideas of
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Alexis de Tocqueville
John Locke
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Edmund Burke
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
64. One of the major tenets of Karl Marx’s work was
that
(A) peasants and artisans would combine with
factory workers to lead the forthcoming socialist
revolution
(B) by increasing social interaction, capitalism
improved the quality of human relationships
(C) the Industrial Revolution was a social disaster
which had to be undone to restore the humane
preindustrial society
(D) history moves inevitably through a series of
stages culminating in socialism
(E) the historical function of government has been
to protect the weak from exploitation by the
powerful
65.The Communist Manifesto of 1848
a. Helped bring about the revolution of 1848
b. Urged the middle class to unite against the
nobility
c. Claimed that events in history happened
erratically by chance
d. Was written for the Communist Party
e. Had no influence on the revolutions of
1848
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AP CHAPTER 21 TEST BANK
66. “As historians from Karl Marx through Georges
Lefebvre and Albert Soboul have argued, the main
accomplishment of the French Revoluton was to
abolish feudalism in
France and to clear the
ground for capitalist economic expansion and the
rule of the
bourgeoisie.”
Which of the following views is consistent with the
interpretation above?
(A) The Revolution strengthened the domination of
landed proprietors in France
(B) The Revolution eliminated guilds, seigneurial
rights, and other obstacles to French
agricultural and industrial advance
(C) The long-term transition from feudalism to
capitalism occurred over many centuries, not
between 1789 and 1794
(D) The Revolution abolished private property in
France and thus created a modern democratic
society
(E) Both before and after the Revolution, France was
ruled by leaders drawn from the ranks of the
nobility and bourgeouisie
67. Both the French and Industrial Revolutions gave
rise to a number of conflicting doctrines, or “isms”.
Which of th following was expounded and
popularized decades after the others?
a. Marxism
b. Liberlaism
c. Radicalism
d. Conservatism
e. Socialism
68. All of the following are features of Marxist theory
EXCEPT
a. Hegelian dialiectic
b. Dialectical materialism
c. The Class Struggle
d. Natural selection
e. Inevitable revolution
69. Which statement best reflects the theories in
The Communist Manifesto written by: Karl
Marx and Friedrich Engels?
A. Workers will experience an improved
standard of living as capitalism
matures.
B. Owners of businesses will eventually
realize that conditions for workers
must be improved.
C. Workers can expect that working
conditions will improve as a result of
government legislation.
D. Workers will change working
conditions by revolutionary means.
70. The Condition of the Working Class in England
was written by
a. Adam Smith
b. Friedrich Engels
c. Karl Marx
d. David Ricardo
e. Thomas Malthus
71. 19th century proletarianism was characterized by
a. Patronage of workers by the owner of a
factory
b. The gradual control of workers in setting
the wages and working conditions for a
factory
c. The gradual loss of workers’ ownership of
the means of producton and of control
over their own trades
d.
e.
The gradual lowering of the cultural level of
society due to the influx of the poor into
urban areas
The use of local artisans in factories to
restore craftsmanship to the engines of
mass production
REVOLUTION OF 1848
72. At the Congress of Vienna, a principle that
guided the deliberations of the diplomats was:
(A) balance of power
(B) utilitarianism
(C) imperialism
(D) self-determination
(E) liberalism
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73. In the 19th century, conservatives
a. argued that governments should not interfere
with the natural tendencies of the economy
b. emphasized the development of sentiment and
emotion
c. favored constitutional monarchy
d. supported the privileges of the aristocracy and
clergy
e. expoused utilitarianism
78. During the 1848 revolution in France, liberals and
radicals differed over
a. Whether to establish a republic
b. Allowing Louis Napolean to return to France
c. Whether political changes or social and
economic changes should take priority
d. What to do concerning Louis Philippe and
his family
e. Universal male suffrage
74. What of the following best characterizes the
aims of the Concert of Europe
a. It sought to prevent nations form gaining
colonial empires
b. It sought to prevent member nations form
entering into non-aggression treaties with
other member nations
c. It sought to maintain international peace
and prevent member nations from taking
major actions in international affairs with
member consent
d. It sought to extend principles of
conservative government throughout
Europe
e. It sought to hold member nations financially
responsible for damage incurred in
international conflicts
79. In French political history the years 1814, 1830,
and 1848 are known, respectively, for the
(A) execution of Louis XVI, the restoration of the
Bourbons, and the establishment of
the Paris Commune
(B) restoration of the Bourbons, the election of
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte as president and the
establishment of the Paris Commune
(C) July Revolution of Louis Philippe, the restoration
of the Bourbons, and the founding of the Second
Republic
(D) restoration of the Bourbons, the July Revolution of Louis Philippe, and the
founding of the Second Republic
(E) restoration of the Bourbons, the July Revolution
of Louis Philippe, and the coronation of
Napoleon Ill as French emperor
75. Which of the following best explains reasons for
the growing tension between the aristocracy and the
middle class in Europe in the 19th century
a. The middle class sympathized with
impoverished peasants
b. The middle class sympathized with
impoverished peasants
c. The aristocracy refused to share its power
and access to political influence
d. The middle class had little opportunity for
social mobility or change in lifestyle
80. Other minorities in Hungary became alarmed by
Louis Kossuth, and his pro-Magyar movement when
a. Magyar became the official language of
Hungary
b. The Magyars moved the capital to Budapest
c. Kossuth made fiery nationalistic speeches in
the Hungarian diet
d. The Austrian emperor abdicated and fled
e. The Russian army invaded Hungary
76. Elected by a landslide after the failed Revolution
of 1848, he founded the Second French Empire
a. Louis XVIII
b. Louis Philliipe
c. Louis Napoleon
d. Louis Blanc
77. The “Second Republic” in France was headed by
a. Charles X
b. Louis Napolean Bonaparte
c. Louis XVIII
d. Otto Von Bismark
e. Napolean II
81. The political leadership of Austria in 1848 did not
allow Ferdinand, the emperor who had fled, to
return to his position mainly because
a. It was attracted to the youthful energy of
his nephew Francis Joseph
b. The old emperor had antagonized Bohemia
and Hungary
c. Of pressure from rebellious minorities
d. Of pressure from Nicholas I of Russia
e. With Ferdinand gone, the government
would not have to honor promises he had
made
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82. In 1849, the new Austrian emperor, Franz
Joseph, restored order in Hungary by
a. Employing the Croatian leader Jellachich
b. Following the advise of Metternich
c. Discrediting Louis Kossuth, the Magyar
leader
d. Giving in to Hungarian demands
e. Getting military aid from Nicholas II of
Russia
83. Which of the following facilitated the counterrevolutionary triumph within the Hapsburg Empire
in 1849?
(A) The adoption of a new constitution that
provided for regional autonomy
(B) The loyalty of the Slavs and the
Germans to the monarchy
(C) The neutrality of Serbia
(D) The military intervention by the
Ottoman Empire
(E) The lack of cooperation among
nationalities in the Hapsburg Empire
84. After the failure of the revolutions of 1848, many
Italian Liberals looked to Piedmont for political
leadership because
a. It maintained the liberal constitution that
has been granted in 1848
b. The King of Piedmont was respected for his
leadership abilities
c. Pope Pius IX encouraged them to turn to
Piedmont
d. Piedmont promised Italian nationalists that
they would lead the fight for a united Italy
e. Piedmont had a long tradition as a reform
minded state
85. Late 19th and early 20th century Italian politics
were hindered by all of the following EXCEPT
a. Meddling by the church
b. Lack of a two party system
c. Corruption
d. Continued economic division between
north and south
e. Lack of democratic institutions
86. The failure of the Frankfurt Conference in 1848
to unify what nation encourage the growth of
authoritarianism and militarism
a. France
b. Germany
c. Italy
d. Austria
e. Russia
87. The Frankfurt Assembly’ decision in 1848 to offer
the Frederick William IV of Prussian the crown for a
united Germany illustrates
a. the power of parliamentary traditions in
Germany
b. the weakness of the Germany monarchy
c. the role of liberalism in the unification of
Germany
d. the tension between liberalism and
nationalism in mid 19th century Europe
e. the charisma of Frederick William IV
88. Frederick William IV rejected the constitution
written by the Frankfurt Assembly for a unified
a. He looked with disdain on submitting to
constitutional monarchy
b. He feared opposition from Austria
c. His Junker support was not interested in
German unity
d. The was nothing legal or binding about the
actions of the Frankfurt Assembly
e. All of the above
89. The original goal of the Frankfurt Assembly
(1848-1849) was to
a. Design and implement a constitutional
government for a unified Germany
b. Consolidate Germany under Austrian
Habsburg leadership
c. Unify the northern states of Germany under
Prussia
d. Create a united Germany for Germans only
e. Convince Prussia to unite Germany by force
90.The Frankfurt Parliament of 1848 marked an
attempt to
a. Respond to Prussian aggression
b. Establish a German republic
c. Create the Zollverein, or customs union
d. Create a unified German state
e. Tie all independent German cities into a
confederation
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91. In 1849 the crown of the new Germany created
at the Frankfurt Parliament was offered to which
European ruler?
a. Lajos Kossuth
b. Frederick William IV of Prussia
c. Friedrich Herder
d. Franz Josef I of Austria
e. Louis Napolean
92. The Frankfort Assembly’s decision in 1848 to
offer the Fredrick William IV of Prussia the crown of
a united Germany illustrates
a. The power of parliamentary traditions in
Germany
b. The weakness of the German monarchy
c. The role of liberalism in the unification of
Germany
d. The tension between liberalism and
nationalism in mid-nineteenth century
Europe
e. The charisma of Fredrick William IV
93. Fredrick William IV rejected the constitution
written by the Frankfurt Assembly for a unified
Germany because
a. He looked with disdain on submitting to
constitutional monarchy
b. He feared opposition from Austria
c. His Junker support was not interested in
German unity
d. There was nothing legal or binding about
the actions of the Frankfurt Assembly
e. All of the above
94. The Frankfurt Assembly of 1848-49 failed to
unite Germany for all the following reasons EXCEPT
a. The Assembly did not have the support of
the military
b. It did not have the support of the peasants
c. The delegates could not agree on a
Constitution
d. Fredrick William IV would not accept a
position as a constitutional monarch
95. The revolutions of 1848 are best understood as
a. The result of tension between liberal and
nationalist aspirations of the people of
Europe and the determined conservatism
of their aristocratic masters
b. Independence movements
c. Large-scale attempts to redistribute wealth
in European society
d. Precursors to the French Revolution
e. Democratic revolutions
96. The Revolutions of 1848
a. Overthrew the governments of France,
Germany, and Russia
b. Erupted in England as well as on the
continent
c. Marked the decline of the political influence
of the proletariat
d. Gave rise to Communism and realpolitik
e. Dissipated the nationalistic urges of the
peoples of Eastern Europe
97.Which of the following was NOT a contributing
factor in the revolutions of 1848?
a. Italian nationalism
b. Discontent among ethnic minorities in
Eastern Europe
c. The Communist Manifesto
d. The heavy handed policies of Louis Philippe
of France
e.The liberal tendencies of the Berlin Assembly
98. All of the following cities experienced major
uprisings in 1848 EXCEPT
Paris
Berlin
London
Rome
Vienna
99. Which of the following was the immediate cause
of the revolutions that occurred in several major
European cities in 1848?
(A) Metternich's flight from Vienna
(B) The worker demonstrations in St. Petersburg
against the tsar
(C) The dissolution of the Prussian assembly by Otto
von Bismarck
(D) Food shortages in Great Britain resulting from
the Corn Laws
(E) The overthrow of Louis-Philippe of France
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AP CHAPTER 21 TEST BANK
100. Which is the most accurate appraisal of the
Revolutions of 1830 and 1848?
a. they established democratic republics in
both Britain and France
b. they overthrew the conservative regimes of
central Europe
c. they were largely unsuccessful
d. they brought about German unification
e. they established parliaments in both Russia
and Austria
101. The most significant, long term result of the
revoultions of 1848 was
a. The large scale abandonment of liberalism
by the masses
b. Hungarian independence
c. The rise of communism
d. The unificiation of Italy
e. The triumph of democratic reform
102. The revolutions of 1848 are best understood as
a. The result of tension between liberal and
nationalist aspirations of the people of
Europe and the determined conservatism
of their aristocratic masters
b. Independence movements
c. Large-scale attempts to redistribute wealth
in European society
d. Precursors to the French Revolution
Democratic revolutions
103. Which is the most accurate appraisal of the
Revolutions of 1830 and 1848?
a. they established democratic republics in
both Britain and France
b. they overthrew the conservative regimes of
central Europe
c. they were largely unsuccessful
d. they brought about German unification
e. they established parliaments in both Russia
and Austria
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AP CHAPTER 21 TEST BANK
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