Chapter 2: Working with Data in a Project
2.1 Introduction to Tabular Data
2.2 Accessing Local Data
2.3 Accessing Remote Data
2.4 Importing Text Files
2.5 Editing Tables in the Data Grid (Self-Study)
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Chapter 2: Working with Data in a Project
2.1 Introduction to Tabular Data
2.2 Accessing Local Data
2.3 Accessing Remote Data
2.4 Importing Text Files
2.5 Editing Tables in the Data Grid (Self-Study)
2
Objectives


3
State the definition of a SAS table.
State how data is stored in a SAS table.
Introduction
To begin work with SAS Enterprise Guide, you
1. create a project
2. add data to the project
3. run tasks against the data.
Additionally, you can
4. customize results
5. automate the process.
4
Common Data Formats
SAS Enterprise Guide can read and use data
from a variety of different formats.
Fixed-width
and delimited
text files
dBASE files
Microsoft Excel
spreadsheets
ODBCcompliant data
HTML tables
OLE DB
provider’s files
SAS tables
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Microsoft
Access tables
SAS Data Tables
A SAS data table is a rectangular table of rows and columns.
Rows
(observations)
Columns (variables)
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SAS Data Tables
All columns must have a name, type, and length.
Names
can be
1 to 32
characters
long.
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SAS Data Tables
A column’s type is either character or numeric. The type
plays a role in determining the length.
Character
values are
1 to 32,767
characters
(bytes) long.
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Numeric values are 8 bytes
of floating point storage:
Numeric
Currency
Date (days from 01JAN1960)
Time (seconds from midnight)
SAS Data Tables
A format is used to control how values are displayed.
Formats do not affect how values are stored.
Format:
MMDDYY
Width:
10
Stored value: 15060
9
Format:
DOLLAR
Width:
10
Decimal Places:
0
Stored value: 76806
Formats
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SAS Data Table Properties
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Missing Values
If a data value is not present for a column in a particular
row, it is considered missing.
 A missing character value is displayed as a blank.
 A missing numeric value is displayed as a period or dot.
.
.
.
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Chapter 2: Working with Data in a Project
2.1 Introduction to Tabular Data
2.2 Accessing Local Data
2.3 Accessing Remote Data
2.4 Importing Text Files
2.5 Editing Tables in the Data Grid (Self-Study)
13
Objectives


14
Add a local Excel spreadsheet to the project.
View the properties of the data.
Software File Attributes
The software file
contains
metadata.
The software file
does not contain
metadata.
15
Open Options for Data Sources Other than SAS
Enables
SAS Enterprise Guide
to read data directly
Provides a detailed
import process to create
a new SAS table
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Scenario
Add an Excel spreadsheet to the project to provide a list
of supplier names and addresses.
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Adding a Local Excel
Spreadsheet to the Project
This demonstration illustrates how to add a
local Excel spreadsheet to the project.
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Chapter 2: Working with Data in a Project
2.1 Introduction to Tabular Data
2.2 Accessing Local Data
2.3 Accessing Remote Data
2.4 Importing Text Files
2.5 Editing Tables in the Data Grid (Self-Study)
19
Objectives



20
Identify remote data sources.
Access a remote server.
Add remote data to a project.
Transparent Access to Remote Data
Oracle
sas
Oracle
DB2
z/OS
Mainframe
sas
UNIX
sas
Local User
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Windows
Server
sas
Opening Data from a SAS Server
The Libraries icon enables
access to predefined
folders containing
SAS or DBMS data sources.
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The Files icon enables
access to the
directories available
on the server.
Accessing Remote Data
The Server List window also provides an organized
view of all of your files and data sources.
Server
List
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Accessing Remote Data
After you add a data source to a project, the table
automatically opens in the Data Grid.
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Accessing Remote Data
To prevent a table from opening automatically when
added to a project, disable the following option by
selecting Tools  Options.
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Scenario
Add a remote DB2 table to the project. The table contains
information on the transactions for products and stores.
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Adding a Remote Table
to a Project
This demonstration illustrates how to add a
remote data table to the project.
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Chapter 2: Working with Data in a Project
2.1 Introduction to Tabular Data
2.2 Accessing Local Data
2.3 Accessing Remote Data
2.4 Importing Text Files
2.5 Editing Tables in the Data Grid (Self-Study)
28
Objectives

29
Use the Import Data task to import a text file
into a project as a SAS table.
Import Data Task
The Import Data task can be used to convert a file into a
customized SAS data table.
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Import Data Task
To your computer, a text file is only strings of characters.
SAS Enterprise Guide requires that the data be arranged
into rows and columns (observations and variables).
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Import Data Task
The Import Data task enables you to tell SAS Enterprise
Guide the following:
 where each column is located in the text file
 which columns to read in
 the name of each column
 if the first row contains column headings
 the type of data in each column
– character
– numeric (currency, date, time)
 how much storage space to allocate
 how to display the data values
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Import Data Task
The Import Data task stores the data as a SAS table.
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Scenario
LLB Importers has a fixed-width text file named Orders.
The file contains orders received this quarter from
delicatessens. Create a SAS table named
Orders.sas7bdat that has the following
characteristics:
 does not contain the customer order number
 assigns a descriptive label to the product identification
number
 displays the selling price and revenue as a currency
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Scenario
Orders.txt
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Orders.sas7bdat
Adding Data from a
Fixed-width Text File
This demonstration illustrates the functionality
available when you use the Import Data task to
read data.
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Exercises
Complete the Chapter 2 exercises starting on
page 2-51.
Detailed solutions are provided starting on
page 2-52.
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Chapter 2: Working with Data in a Project
2.1 Introduction to Tabular Data
2.2 Accessing Local Data
2.3 Accessing Remote Data
2.4 Importing Text Files
2.5 Editing Tables in the Data Grid (Self-Study)
38
Objectives



39
Use the Data Grid to delete columns and rows.
Use the Data Grid to modify column attributes
and sort a table.
Use the Expression Builder to create columns.
Data Grid
When you add a table to a project, the Data Grid’s default
behavior is to display the table automatically in read-only
mode.
Actions available in the Data Grid in read-only mode
include the following:
 browsing SAS tables and other tables
 resizing row and column widths for better viewing
 copying rows and columns to paste into a new or
existing SAS table
 hiding rows and columns from view
 holding rows and columns while scrolling
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Data Grid
Actions available in the Data Grid in update mode are
limited to SAS tables and include all actions available
in read-only mode, as well as the ability to do the following:
 edit data values
 change the names of columns
 apply labels and formats to columns
 delete rows and columns
 sort by multiple columns in ascending or descending
order
 create new columns and add rows
When you modify a table through the Data Grid,
you change the actual data values in the table.
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Data Grid: Creating a Column
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Column Properties: General Tab
Type a name up
to 32 characters
in length.
Set the
column type.
Type the
expression…
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…or use the
Expression
Builder.
Expression Builder: Creating a Column
One use of the Expression Builder is to insert a new
column into a data table that is computed from other
columns or values.
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Expression Builder: Function Tab
Select
the type
of function.
Select
a specific
function.
Read a description
of the function.
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Expression Builder: Values Tab
Select the
column name
to include it
in the expression.
Click on the
table to view
its column
names.
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Data Grid: Results
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Scenario
LLB’s UPDATEORDERS table must be updated.



48
Delete the UnitsInStock column because the
information is no longer needed.
Delete order #0713 because the order was cancelled.
Create a new column called Revenue that is
computed as Quantity * SellPrice.
Working with Tables
in the Data Grid
This demonstration illustrates how to switch
from Read-only mode to Update mode in the
Data Grid in order to modify a SAS table.
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