Guidance on the standard for
Patient Identifiers for Identity bands
DSCN 04/2009
18th March 2009
An Overview of the Patient Identifiers for
Identity Bands Standard DSCN 04/2009
Start Here
Last name must be printed
infront of first name and in
UPPER CASE
e.g. SMITH John
Design requirements
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alertsand-directives/notices/
wristbands/
First name must be printed
after last name using lower case
letters with upper case for the
first letter
e.g. SMITH John
Design requirements
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alertsand-directives/notices/
wristbands/
www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/dscn/dscn-2009/
data-set-change/DSCN%2004-2009.pdf
On admission healthcare staff will
provide each patient with an identity
band/wrist band that meets the
National Patient Safety’s design
requirements.
Last
Name
Date of
Birth
No
Yes
Enter: Unknown Male /
Female or Unknown
Male/ Female Child and
enter verified name as
soon as practical.
Are you able to
establish patient’s
Last Name?
Yes
Are you able to
establish patient’s
First Name?
First
Name
No
Enter: Unknown Male /
Female or Unknown
Male/ Female Child and
enter verified name as
soon as practical.
Stop Here
NHS
Number
Issue wristband in
conformance with
DSCN 04/2009
Only the four core patient identifiers
should be used on wristbands. If any
additional identifiers are thought
necessary, they must be formally risk
assessed to establish they are
necessary, and that the 4 core
identifiers outlined above remain clear
and distinguishable.
www.npsa.nhs.uk/patientsafety/alertsand-directives/notices/wristbands
Enter a verified NHS Number
in a 3 3 4 format
e.g. 123 456 7890
Design requirements
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alertsand-directives/notices/
wristbands/
Yes
Are any further
patient identifiers
believed
necessary?
No
No
Yes
Can you now establish
that the patient has a
verified NHS Number?
Leave blank - verified
NHS Number to be
obtained and entered as
soon as practical.
No
Date of birth must be
recorded in the short format:
DD-Mmm-YYYY
e.g. 07-Jun-2005
Design requirements
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alertsand-directives/notices/
wristbands/
Yes
Can you reliably
establish patient’s
Date of Birth?
No
Leave blank - verified
date of birth to be
obtained and entered
as soon as practical.
For guidance on these
exceptions
www.connectingforhealth.
nhs.uk/
systemsandservices/
nhsnumber/staff/guidance
p34.
Yes
Is the patient
unconscious, unborn,
requires anonymity,
a prison inmate ?
No
Enter a verified NHS Number
in a 3 3 4 format
e.g. 123 456 7890
Design requirements
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alertsand-directives/notices/
wristbands/
Yes
Can you establish that
the patient has a verified
NHS Number?
No
A verified NHS Number
can be issued.
www.connectingforhealth.n
hs.uk/systemsandservices/
nhsnumber/staff/guidance
p35-36.
Yes
Is the patient
from overseas, home
countries, had a change
in identity, member
of armed
forces?
Relevant SPNs
SPN NPSA/2005/11
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alertsand-directives/notices/
patient-identification/
SPN 03 July 2007 No.24
www.npsa.nhs.uk/
patientsafety/alerts-anddirectives/notices/wristbands
SPN NPSA/2008/SPN001
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alertsand-directives/notices/
nhsnumber/
Contents
Document Structure
Purpose
Drivers
Core Identifiers
Content
Page
Highlights who is the target audience and the main aim of the DSCN
04/2009.
1
Why the four core identifiers are considered essential for the safe
identification of patients.
2
What they are and the format they should have on an identity band
4
Exceptions
What are the exceptions and how to manage them
9
Wristband design,
management & supply
Practical guidance to direct wristband design, management & supply
10
Field Based Example
Highlights work currently ongoing within NHS trusts to optimise the
presentation and application of the core identifiers
Conformance
Timetable highlighting key dates by which conformance is required
15
16
Resources
A table referencing all resources used throughout this guidance
document. This includes links to the original documents.
17
Purpose
This document is aimed at helping all healthcare staff (clinical, managerial, administrative and support staff) to
implement the standard published on 18th March 2009 on the Patient Identifiers for identity bands (Data Set Change
Notice DSCN 04/20091).
Key Messages:
The standard is based on guidance and work completed by the
National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) and specifies the
information and layout to be used for patient identity bands
(e.g. wristbands). It recognises and mandates (for the NHS in
England) the use of four core identifiers, Last name, First
name, Date of Birth (D.O.B) and NHS Number, that in
combination can uniquely identify a patient. The aim of the
standard is to regulate the information used to identify a
patient, so that identity information is clear and unambiguous.
Ultimately improving patient safety by minimising the risk in the
misidentification of patients.
Over the 12 month period,
February 2006 to January
2007, the NPSA received
24,382 reports of patients
being mismatched to their
care2
This standard can only be achieved in conjunction with conformance to the NHS Number standard
which mandates the use of a patient’s NHS Number as the national patient identifier 3,4 ‘in/on all
correspondence, notes patient wristbands and patient care systems…’. The SPN issued in 2008 5
encourages the use of the NHS Number alone or if necessary in conjunction with a local hospital
numbering system.
Page 1
• This guidance is
aimed at
healthcare staff to
summarise the
requirements of
the DSC Notice
on Patient
Identifiers for
identity bands
standard.
•Standardising
information used
to identify a
patient via a
wristband
improves patient
safety.
Click Here to return
Content Page
Drivers
This section explains why a standard has been issued to mandate the
use of four core identifiers, patient’s last name, first name, D.O.B and
NHS Number on patient identity bands which will be referred to as
wristbands from this point on. The evidence to support this standard is
summarised In this section and reference to additional information is
provided for staff if more detail is required.
Research and anecdotal evidence
shows that patients often do not
have wristbands and that this
increases the risk of them being
incorrectly identified and given the
wrong care 6.
Patient Safety
The NPSA have issued three Safer Practice Notices (SPNs) 2,5,6 that support the final content of this standard.
These were informed from work completed by the NPSA that demonstrated action was necessary to reduce and
where possible eliminate errors in matching patients with their care7,8,9. Evidence indicates that the use of the four
core identifiers on wristbands will improve patient safety. The specific recommendations of the relevant SPNs are
detailed in the Core Identifiers section.
The use of the four core identifiers will:
•
Standardise the information used on patient wristbands throughout
England, so staff will know what to expect as patient identifiers.
•
Reduce misidentification of patients and mismatching of patients to the
Key Message:
• Standardising the use
and presentation of
four core identifiers on
patient’s wristbands will
improve patient safety
by reducing
misidentification.
right care which is potentially harmful to the patient.
Page 2
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Content Page
Safer Practice
The NPSA in their study ‘Right patient – right care’7 discovered three types of errors which
resulted in the incorrect treatment or diagnosis being given to patients.
a) Patient is given the wrong treatment as a result of a failure to match them correctly
with samples, specimens or x-rays;
b) patient is given the wrong treatment as a result of a failure in communication
between staff or staff not performing checking procedures correctly; and
c) patient is given treatment intended for another patient as a result of a failure to
identify him or her correctly.
Standardising the design of patient wristbands, the information on them and the processes
used to produce and check them will improve patient safety2. The Patient Identifiers for
identity bands standard will support staff with best practice for patient identification and
reduce the risk of confusion with other patients and incorrect care being provided.
Staff and Patient Views
The views of staff and patients have been obtained via workshops completed by the NPSA 8
as part of the development of the SPN issued in 2005 6 and 20072. Staff from all disciplines
were supportive of improving the identification of patients and patients/members of the
public expressed a need for greater consistency in the information and system used within
the health service. They also believed that patients have an important part to play in taking
responsibility for checking their wristband was present and correct10.
Page 3
Key Message:
• Errors occur as a result of
less than ideal practice and a
lack of standardisation in
checking, identifying and
matching patients to their
treatment and care. These
have consequences for patient
safety.
•Staff and patients agree that
improving processes related to
standardising how patients are
identified was important to
ensuring patient safety.
•The Patient Identifiers for
identity bands standard will
support staff with best practice
for patient identification and
reduce the risk of confusion
with other patients and
incorrect care being provided.
•The NHS Number must be
used as the national and
unique patient identifier.
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Content Page
Bar Coding and other Coding Technologies
Bar coding and similar coding technologies i.e. radio frequency identification (RFID) are
used in many industries to ensure quick and accurate identification of an item or process.
The Department of Health (DOH) believes that this technology could and should be used
within healthcare settings to improve the identification of patients11.The DOH are keen to
benefit from the knowledge and experience held by the GS1 organisation. This organisation
has developed standards across industries involving coding systems, referred to as the
GS1 system. The DOH recommends that the GS1 system should be adopted throughout
the healthcare system in England, both for medical devices and patients. They provide
examples of how some NHS trusts are currently utilising this technology. For example in
the form of a barcode within the patient’s wristband that once scanned assists in verifying
the patient’s identity. However, the use of this technology is reliant upon compliance with
standards that support the wearing of wristbands and standardisation of the information
they contain12.
Core Identifiers
There are four core identifiers that uniquely identify a patient when used in combination.
These four core identifiers must be included clearly and in an unambiguous format on
the wristbands of NHS patients who are required to wear a wristband:
– Last Name
– First Name
– D.O.B
– A verified NHS Number
The recommended format for the presentation and printing of these identifiers has been
based on relevant Common User Interface (CUI) guidance13. The suppliers of healthcare
systems which produce patient wristbands will be required to comply with this standard.
Page 4
‘When the patient is taken
to theatre, the RFID tag in
their wristband is detected
by a sensor on the door,
which triggers the relevant
patient record to be
displayed on the
theatre computer screen.’
Birmingham Heartlands
Hospital 11
Key Message:
• Technology that can aid
the verification of a patient’s
identity is only possible if
patient information on
wristbands is standardised
• A patient’s wristband must
include:
Last Name, First Name,
D.O.B, A verified NHS
Number.
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Content Page
The information below summarises the format and information of the four core identifiers that must be
used on patient wristbands14,15,1. The later section Absent Identifiers informs staff what to insert if they
are unable to establish this information on the issuing of a wristband.
Last Name
First Name
•
•
•
•
•
•
Clear differentiation between
last and first name
Enough space for long, multiple
or hyphenated names
Last Name use all upper case
Last name precedes First name
E.g. SMITH John
•
•
•
•
Clear differentiation between last
and first name
Enough space for long, multiple or
hyphenated names
First Name use Upper case first
letter and all others in lower case
Last name precedes First name
E.g. SMITH John
Key Messages:
• Patient wristbands
must include the four
core identifiers in the
recommended format:
• Last Name
• First Name
D.O.B
Verified NHS Number
• D.O.B
•
•
•
•
• Verified NHS Number
•
•
•
•
Page 5
Recorded in short format
DD is two-digit day
Day values less than ten must
appear with a zero in the first
position e.g.08
Abbreviated month name Mmm
e.g. Feb
YYYY is the four-digit year
Day, month and year separators
must be hyphens
E.g. 08-Feb-2005
•
•
Consists of 10 digits (first 9
constitute the identifier and the 10th
is a check digit from which the
validity of the number can be
checked.
The format must be 334 as this aids
accurate reading when information is
taken from a screen
e.g. 123 456 7890
This standard is the first to suggest
only a verified NHS Number is
permitted on wristbands
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Content Page
Absent Identifiers – see algorithm at the start of the document
Key Messages:
Last Name/First Name
Where it is impossible to reliably establish a patient’s name enter unknown male/female
or unknown male/female child. Once a name has been established this information
should be entered into the relevant field and a new wristband issued.
D.O.B
If the patient’s D.O.B cannot be reliably established this field should remain blank until
the information is obtained and a new wristband should be issued with these details.
NHS Number
Until a verified NHS Number can be found or issued this field should remain blank. An
additional identifier can be added following an appropriate risk assessment (see
Additional Identifiers section) if patient safety is believed to be at risk. Once a verified
NHS Number has been established this should be entered into the relevant field and a
new wristband issued. Information relating to the issuing, verification and management of
NHS Numbers is provided in the guidance document16 that supports the NHS Number
standards 3,4.
• Absent identifiers
should only be replaced
by the information
recommended by the
NPSA in this guidance.
• Once the correct
information for each core
identifier has been
established these should
be recorded and a new
wristband issued.
E.G. Wristband for an unknown man
Last Name
Unknown Male
Date of Birth
Page 6
First Name
Unknown Male
Hospital Number
RG 2759468cc
NHS Number
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Content Page
Additional Identifiers
Risk Assessment
The NPSA recommends2that only the four core identifiers should be used on wristbands. However, there
may be circumstances where additional identifiers may be considered necessary to ensure patient safety.
For example absence of a verified NHS Number may result in the use of a local hospital number. Any
additional identifiers must not be placed where they could be confused with a missing core identifier. The
NHS Number space on an identity band must only be used for a verified NHS Number. A risk assessment
must be completed for any additional identifiers to understand why they are necessary, how they are
distinguishable from the four core identifiers and they must be located on the wristband so that the four
core identifiers remain clear and unambiguous.
Wales
The Welsh Assembly Government issued a Welsh Health Circular in 2007 that
stipulated that the first line of the patient’s address is also required on a patient’s
wristband2.
Newborns
The guidance provided by the NPSA on wristbands for newborns suggests these
should also include; twin/triplet I/II/II (this is under review), mother’s last name, baby
boy/girl, date and time of birth and if the NHS Number is not available a local hospital
number. A verified NHS Number must be established as soon as practical and a new
wristband issued. The process for the identification of neonates is outlined in a NPSA
guidance leaflet17 and summarised in the flowcharts on the next page.
Page 7
Key Messages:
• If additional identifiers
are required, staff must
complete a risk
assessment to ensure
the clarity and priority of
the four core identifiers
are retained on the
wristband.
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Content Page
Page 8
Identification of neonates
Identification of neonates
ante – natal 17
post – natal 17
Exceptions
This guidance aims to provide practical advice for the production and application of
patient wristbands, in areas where their use is considered appropriate. However, it is
not unrealistic and recognises that on occasions exceptions will be necessary. For
example while accident and emergency departments should try to comply with the
NPSA recommendations, they may not be able to do so given the high turnover of
patients, delayed registration because of treatment needs, and limited or inaccurate
identification information when a patient arrives in the department.
The NPSA recommends that formally risk assessed alternatives should be made by
NHS trusts for patients for whom having a wristband that identifies them and can
match them to their care is not possible or practical. Examples of such cases may
include:
• Patients arriving unconscious/confused/unable to communicate/deceased
• Patients who cannot wear a wristband because of their clinical condition or
treatment e.g. multiple intravenous access lines or dermatology conditions and
treatment
• Patients who refuse to wear a wristband despite clear explanation of the risks
of not doing so.
Key Messages:
• Exceptions to the
recommendations
provided will occur. NHS
trusts should risk assess
alternatives to ensure
patient safety when
identifying such patients.
•Consultation of the
guidance issued on
managing NHS
Numbers is essential to
understand how to
manage NHS Numbers
for all patient groups.
There will also be occasions when the provision of a NHS Number is deemed
inappropriate i.e. patients requiring anonymity or a new identity, prisoners and military
personnel. For further information on how to manage these situations and patients that
live in the home countries e.g. Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Northern Isles and the
Channel Isles, consult the NHS Number Guidance document16.
Page 9
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Content Page
Wristband Design, Management and Supply
Design
The following recommendations for the presentation of patient identifiers on wristbands has
been based on information from the Royal National Institute for the Blind 18 and NHS guidance
on producing information for patients19. This guidance is intended to assist in the legibility of
the information placed on wristbands.
Key Messages:
• Text should be black
on white background
Text
•Black text on a white background
•Minimum font size of between 12 and 14 point (2 – 2.2.3mm)
•Minimum font size 12
point
•Use of a common font like Arial, Helvetica or Frutiger Roman.
•Use a common
typeface
Colour Coding
The NPSA have established inconsistencies in the use of colour coding wristbands
throughout the NHS. This is confusing for staff and a risk to patient safety.
The recommendation is that only one wristband should be worn by the patient. This must
use black text on a white background. If a healthcare organisation believes colour coding is
necessary to signify risk then the NPSA recommends the use of only one colour, red.
Where a red wristband is used to indicate a known risk no other wristband will be used, so
this should still allow the patient identifiers to be presented in black text on a white panel
within the wristband. The use of a red wristband should alert staff to consult a patient’s
record to establish the type of risk.
Page 10
•Avoid colour coding for
individual risks.
• Only red wristbands
should be used if
organisations wish to
use wristbands to flag up
patients at risk.
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Content Page
Layout
• Adequate space for identifiers to be clear and unambiguous
• Consistent layout, order and style of information on all wristbands used across an
organisation
• Pre-defined spaces for each identifier. This could be a pre-printed format including a title
for each box allocated to each identifier
• Allow for the inclusion of future technologies i.e. bar coding
• Clarity of
identifiers
Three suggested layouts for patient identifiers
A
B
Key
Messages:
Last
Name
First
Name
•Consistent
layout
Date of
Birth
NHS
Number
•Pre-defined
spaces for
identifiers
Last
Name
First
Name
Date of
Birth
NHS
Number
•Allow for use
of future
technologies
C
Page 11
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Page
Size
Wristbands must fit the range of sizes of patients, from the smallest newborn babies
through to the largest adults. Wristbands should therefore be long enough to accommodate:
•Bariatric patients
•Patients with oedema (swelling)
•patients with IV lines and bandages.
Small enough to be comfortable and secure for newborns, babies and children.
Comfort
Shape - no sharp corners, profiling or edges that can irritate or rub the skin
•Edges - edges of wristband material must be soft and smooth to ensure comfort over
prolonged use. This includes any edges that are produced when cutting the wristband
to size
•Fastenings - should not press into the skin
•Material - material should be flexible, smooth, waterproof, cleanable, breathable and
non-allergenic.
Usability
Wristbands should be:
Page 12
Key Messages:
• Wristbands must
accommodate the largest
and smallest patient
population.
•Wristband material must
be comfortable when
worn for prolonged
periods.
•Wristband material
should be fit for function
e.g. waterproof, secure,
easily completed, applied,
removed and not interfere
with clothing or medical
equipment.
•Easy to clean
•Waterproof and resistant to other fluids (soap, detergents, gels, sprays, rubs, alcohol cleaning products,
blood and other bodily fluids)
•Secure and not fall off
•Designed to allow patients to wash
•Quick and easy for all staff to use this includes: storage, access from storage, filling in patient identifiers,
changing or updating information, reading and checking information, putting on patients (including
Click Here
selecting the correct size or adjusting to correct length), fastening and removal
to return
•The wristband should not catch on clothing, equipment or devices including IV lines. Special
Content
attention should be paid to fastenings and free ends.
Page
Management
The NPSA recommends2,6:
1)
2)
Page 13
By 18th July 2009, where wristbands are used, they should be printed by all NHS
organisations in England and Wales from the hospital demographic system such as a Patient
Administration System (PAS). Printing should, wherever possible, be at the patient's bedside
or next to the patient (i.e. not done in advance of the patient's arrival). Healthcare
organisations unable to implement this should inform their Strategic Health Authorities (SHA)
or the Welsh Assembly Government (WAG) why this is not possible and provide an action
plan with appropriate timescales.
Individual trusts should develop clear and consistent processes for issuing and checking
wristbands to aid staff with recognising, managing and completing the following:
•
Wristbands must be put on patients as soon as practical on admission
•
Dealing with the application of wristbands without confirmation from the patient
of their identification i.e. unconscious, confused
•
Placement of wristband on patient’s dominant arm
•
Obtaining signed consent (either by patient or relative) to verify patient’s details
•
Ensuring wristband information is legible
•
Responsibilities for re applying wristbands removed or fallen off
•
Re issuing wristbands when updating identifiers that have been verified
•
Establishing and checking a patient’s identification against medical records
during the patient’s stay e.g. by using last and first name, date of birth
•
Signing a patient’s case notes to confirm that the information on the wristband is
correct.
Key Messages:
• Wristbands
should be printed
by 2009
•NHS trusts
should provide
processes for
issuing and
checking
wristbands
•NHS trusts
should provide
processes for risk
assessing patients
unable or
unwilling to wear
wristbands
•Patients should
only wear one
wristband
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Management Continued
3)
Individual trusts should develop clear and consistent processes to aid staff in
managing the risk associated in identifying patients who are unable/decline to wear
wristbands.
4)
Patients should only wear one wristband. Where patients wish to continue to wear
their own wristbands (e.g. denoting no blood products) they should be allowed but
advised of the potential for confusing staff. Any wristbands worn must satisfy the
design requirements outlined within this document.
Supply
All suppliers of healthcare systems which produce identity bands for use in the NHS
are required to comply with the Patient Identifiers for identity bands standard 1. The
NHS Supply Chain will include the requirements outlined within this document in their
contracts. Staff responsible for the procurement of patient wristbands should ask
their existing suppliers how their products meet the design requirements outlined
within this document.
Page 14
Key
Messages:
• Suppliers of
wristbands
should be
assessed
based on their
ability to
provide
wristbands
that meet the
design
requirements
recommended
by the NPSA.
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Field Based Example
Mayday Healthcare NHS Trust
Mayday NHS Trust has been selected by NHS Connecting for Health to trial an Electronic Blood Tracking System
to further improve the safety of blood transfusions. The full details of this trial can be found at
www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/systemsandservices/bloodpilot.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is located within the patients wristband and will be used as the final check of
a patient’s identification prior to a blood transfusion.
Here is an example of Mayday
Healthcare NHS Trust patient
wristbands. They use both a local
number and the NHS Number,
following a local risk assessment.
This illustrates one example of how
the local number and NHS Number
can both be incorporated on a
wristband until use of the NHS
Number reaches a point when it is
both common and accepted practice
and a local number may no longer be
required.
Page 15
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Conformance
Timescales for implementation and conformance to the Patient Identifiers for identity bands
Key Messages:
standard1 reflect those for implementation of the NHS Number standard in secondary care 4.
•Conformance to the Patient
Identifiers for identity bands
standard is dependent upon
conformance to the NHS
Number standard in
secondary care
IT Suppliers
The NHS Number standard in secondary care4 states IM&T systems that do not conform must:
•
Not be procured after 30 June 2009
•
Not be installed after 31 December 2009
•
Conform to the standard by 31 December 2009.
The Patient Identifiers for identity bands standard1 states systems must:
•
Conform to the standard by 31 December 2010
•Conformance to the Patient
Identifiers for identity bands
standard should be judged
on the specifications and
recommendations outlined
within this guidance.
Organisations, Health and Social Care Personnel
The NHS Number standard in secondary care4 states these groups must :
•
Have an information system that conforms by 31 December 2009
•
Have awareness, communications and training requirements fulfilled by 31 December 2009
•
Have full human behavioural and organisational process conformance by 31 December
2010.
The Patient Identifiers for identity bands standard1 states these groups must:
•
Conform one year after implementation of NHS Number conformant system.
Conformance to the Patient Identifiers for identity bands standard can be assessed by reviewing
wristbands against the specification and recommendations made within this NPSA guidance .
Page 16
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Content Page
Resource
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Page 17
Resource
Web Address
Patient Identifiers for Identity Bands DSCN
04/2009.
http://www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/dscn/dscn2009/data-set-change/DSCN%2004-2009.pdf
Standardising wristbands improves patient
safety. Safer Practice Notice (SPN) NPSA, 03
July 2007 No.24
www.npsa.nhs.uk/patientsafety/alerts-anddirectives/notices/wristbands
Information Standards: NHS Number Standard
for General Practice DSCN 31/2008
www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/dscn/dscn-2009/dataset-change/
Information Standards: NHS Number Standard
for Secondary Care DSCN 32/2008
www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/dscn/dscn-2008/dataset-change-1/DSCN-322008.pdf?searchterm=DSCN+32%2F2008
Risk to patient safety of not using the NHS
Number as the national identifier for all
patients. Safer Practice Notice (SPN) 18th
September 2008, NPSA/2008/SPN001
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-anddirectives/notices/nhsnumber/
Wristbands for hospital inpatients improves
patient safety. Safer Practice Notice (SPN)
NPSA/2005/11, 22nd November 2005.
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-anddirectives/notices/patient-identification/
Right patient – right care- NPSA; December
2004
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-and-directives/directivesguidance/patient-identification/
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Resource
Number
Resource
8
Sevdalis, N, 2007, Wristbands Specification
Review: Evidence from existing literature,
NPSA-facilitated workshops, and a NHS Trusts
survey. NPSA Report, p1-20
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-anddirectives/notices/wristbands/
9
Correct site surgery. Safer Practice Notice
(SPN), NPSA 06 March 2005
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http://www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-anddirectives/directives-guidance/patient-identification/
Coding for success: simple technology for safer
patient care. Department of Health, February
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Resource
Number
Resource
Wristband Design Requirements
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-anddirectives/notices/wristbands/
Wristband General Guidance
www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-anddirectives/notices/wristbands/
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Connecting for Health, March 2009.
www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/systemsandservices/
nhsnumber/staff/guidance
17
Identification of neonates
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18
The Royal National Institute for the Blind guide
‘Clear print guidelines’
www.rnib.org.uk/xpedio/groups/public/documents/publi
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NHS toolkit for producing patient information.
2003 Department of Health 33952 3AP NOV03
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