Variables and Expressions

Variables and Expressions
Unit 1 Lesson 2
Variables and Expressions
Students will be able to:
Write expressions that record operations with numbers
and with letters standing for numbers.
Key Vocabulary:
Variable
Constant
Expressions
Terms
Coefficient
Variables and Expressions
β€’ A numerical expression is a mathematical phrase
that contains only constants and/or operations
β€’ To evaluate a numerical expression, you find its
numerical value.
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 1: Find the value of each numerical
expression. Follow the order of operations when finding
each value.
a.
𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎 ÷ 𝟐 βˆ’ πŸ’ =
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 1: Find the value of each numerical
expression. Follow the order of operations when finding
each value.
a.
𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎 ÷ 𝟐 βˆ’ πŸ’ =
= 𝟏𝟐 + πŸ“ βˆ’ πŸ’ =
= πŸπŸ• βˆ’ πŸ’ =
= πŸπŸ‘
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 1: Find the value of each numerical
expression. Follow the order of operations when finding
each value.
b.
𝟐𝟎 ÷ 𝟏𝟎 + πŸ” =
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 1: Find the value of each numerical
expression. Follow the order of operations when finding
each value.
b.
𝟐𝟎 ÷ 𝟏𝟎 + πŸ” =
=𝟐+πŸ”=
=πŸ–
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 1: Find the value of each numerical
expression. Follow the order of operations when finding
each value.
c.
𝟏𝟐 βˆ— 𝟐 βˆ’ πŸ” ÷ πŸ‘ =
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 1: Find the value of each numerical
expression. Follow the order of operations when finding
each value.
c.
𝟏𝟐 βˆ— 𝟐 βˆ’ πŸ” ÷ πŸ‘ =
= πŸπŸ’ βˆ’ 𝟐 =
= 𝟐𝟐
Variables and Expressions
A variable expression is a mathematical phrase that
may contain variables, constants, and/or operations.
A variable is a letter that is used to represent one or
more numbers.
The letters π‘₯ π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 𝑦 are used very often as variables in
algebra, but variables can be any letter (𝑧, π‘˜, 𝑙, π‘š, π‘˜ ).
Variables and Expressions
β€’ Any number not joined to a variable is called a
constant.
β€’ It’s called that because its value doesn’t
change, even if the value of the variable
changes.
β€’ Each algebraic expression is made up of terms.
β€’ A term can be a signed number, a variable, or a
constant multiplied by a variable or variables.
Variables and Expressions
β€’ Each term in an algebraic expression is separated
by a + sign or a – sign.
β€’ When a term is made up of a constant multiplied
by a variable or variables, that constant is called
a coefficient.
Example:
Coefficient
πŸ“π’™ + πŸ•
Variable
Constant
Variables and Expressions
β€’ The terms having the same algebraic factors are
called like terms.
β€’ The terms having different algebraic factors are
called unlike terms.
β€’ Expression with one term is called a monomial,
with two unlike terms is called a binomial, in
general, an expression with one or more than one
term (with nonnegative integral exponents of the
variables) is called a polynomial.
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 2: Find the terms, constant/s and
coefficient/s for each expression.
a. πŸπ’™ βˆ’ 𝟏𝟎
π“πžπ«π¦π¬:
π•πšπ«π’πšπ›π₯𝐞:
π‚π¨π§π¬π­πšπ§π­:
π‚π¨πžπŸπŸπ’πœπ’πžπ§π­
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 2: Find the terms, constant/s and
coefficient/s for each expression.
a. πŸπ’™ βˆ’ 𝟏𝟎
π“πžπ«π¦π¬:
2π‘₯ π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 10
π•πšπ«π’πšπ›π₯𝐞:
π‘₯
π‚π¨π§π¬π­πšπ§π­:
10
π‚π¨πžπŸπŸπ’πœπ’πžπ§π­:
2
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 2: Find the terms, constant/s and
coefficient/s for each expression.
b. 𝒙 + πŸ’π’š + πŸ‘πŸ
π“πžπ«π¦π¬:
π•πšπ«π’πšπ›π₯𝐞:
π‚π¨π§π¬π­πšπ§π­:
π‚π¨πžπŸπŸπ’πœπ’πžπ§π­π’”:
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 2: Find the terms, constant/s and
coefficient/s for each expression.
b. 𝒙 + πŸ’π’š + πŸ‘πŸ
π“πžπ«π¦π¬:
π‘₯ , 4𝑦 , π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 32
π•πšπ«π’πšπ›π₯𝐞:
π‘₯ ,𝑦
π‚π¨π§π¬π­πšπ§π­:
32
π‚π¨πžπŸπŸπ’πœπ’πžπ§π­π’”: 1 π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 4
Variables and Expressions
β€’ Expressions are like instructions that tell you what
you have to do to a number or variable.
β€’ Expressions are used to write word problems in
math terms.
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
a.
A number minus 10
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
a.
A number minus 10
𝒙 βˆ’ 𝟏𝟎
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
b.
The product of a number and 6
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
b.
The product of a number and 6
π’™βˆ—πŸ”
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
c.
12 less than a number
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
c.
12 less than a number
𝒙 βˆ’ 𝟏𝟐
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
d.
16 plus a number
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
d.
16 plus a number
πŸπŸ” + 𝒙
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
e.
The sum of 𝑛 and 8, divided by 4
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
e.
The sum of 𝑛 and 8, divided by 4
(𝒏 + πŸ–) ÷ πŸ’
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
f.
4 more than 2 times a number
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 3: Write an algebraic expression for
each verbal phrase.
f.
4 more than 2 times a number
πŸ’ + πŸπ’™
Variables and Expressions
Substituting Values into Algebraic Expressions
To evaluate an algebraic expression, you
substitute values for the variables and then
simplify the resulting numerical expression.
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 4: Evaluate each expression using
the values given.
a.
𝒙+π’š
π’˜π’‰π’†π’ 𝒙 = 𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 π’š = πŸ”
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 4: Evaluate each expression using
the values given.
a.
𝒙+π’š=
=𝟐+πŸ”=
=πŸ–
π’˜π’‰π’†π’ 𝒙 = 𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 π’š = πŸ”
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 4: Evaluate each expression using
the values given.
b.
πŸ‘π’™ βˆ’ πŸ’
π’˜π’‰π’†π’ 𝒙 = πŸ• 𝒂𝒏𝒅 π’š = 𝟏
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 4: Evaluate each expression using
the values given.
b.
πŸ‘π’™ βˆ’ πŸ’π’š
π’˜π’‰π’†π’ 𝒙 = πŸ• 𝒂𝒏𝒅 π’š = 𝟏
=πŸ‘βˆ—πŸ•βˆ’πŸ’βˆ—πŸ=
= 𝟐𝟏 βˆ’ πŸ’ =
= πŸπŸ•
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 4: Evaluate each expression using
the values given.
c.
πŸπŸŽπ’‚ βˆ’ πŸ’ 𝟐 + 𝒃
π’˜π’‰π’†π’ 𝒂 = πŸ• 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃 = 𝟐
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 4: Evaluate each expression using
the values given.
c.
πŸπŸŽπ’‚ βˆ’ πŸ’ 𝟐 + 𝒃
π’˜π’‰π’†π’ 𝒂 = πŸ• 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃 = 𝟐
= 𝟏𝟎 βˆ— πŸ• βˆ’ πŸ’ 𝟐 + 𝟐 =
= πŸ•πŸŽ βˆ’ πŸ’ βˆ— πŸ’ =
= πŸ•πŸŽ βˆ’ πŸπŸ” =
= πŸ“πŸ’
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 5: If 𝒂 = πŸ–, 𝒃 = πŸ‘, and 𝒄 = πŸ”,
evaluate the following by substituting these values into
the following expressions.
a.
𝒂 + πŸ’π’ƒ ÷ 𝒄 =
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 5: If 𝒂 = πŸ–, 𝒃 = πŸ‘, and 𝒄 = πŸ”,
evaluate the following by substituting these values into
the following expressions.
a.
𝒂 + πŸ’π’ƒ ÷ 𝒄 =
=πŸ–+πŸ’βˆ—πŸ‘÷πŸ”=
= πŸ– + 𝟏𝟐 ÷ πŸ” =
=πŸ–+𝟐=
= 𝟏𝟎
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 5: If 𝒂 = πŸ–, 𝒃 = πŸ‘, and 𝒄 = πŸ”,
evaluate the following by substituting these values into
the following expressions.
b.
πŸ’π’‚ + πŸπ’ƒπ’„ βˆ’ πŸ‘ =
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 5: If 𝒂 = πŸ–, 𝒃 = πŸ‘, and 𝒄 = πŸ”,
evaluate the following by substituting these values into
the following expressions.
b.
πŸ’π’‚ + πŸπ’ƒπ’„ βˆ’ πŸ‘ =
=πŸ’βˆ—πŸ–+πŸβˆ—πŸ‘βˆ—πŸ”βˆ’πŸ‘=
= πŸ‘πŸ + πŸ‘πŸ” βˆ’ πŸ‘ =
= πŸ‘πŸ + πŸ‘πŸ‘ =
= πŸ”πŸ“
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 5: If 𝒂 = πŸ–, 𝒃 = πŸ‘, and 𝒄 = πŸ”,
evaluate the following by substituting these values into
the following expressions.
c. πŸ‘π’‚ + πŸπ’ƒ
=
𝒄
Variables and Expressions
Sample Problem 5: If 𝒂 = πŸ–, 𝒃 = πŸ‘, and 𝒄 = πŸ”,
evaluate the following by substituting these values into
the following expressions.
c. πŸ‘π’‚ + πŸπ’ƒ
=
𝒄
πŸ‘βˆ—πŸ–+πŸβˆ—πŸ‘
=
=
πŸ”
πŸπŸ’ + πŸ” πŸ‘πŸŽ
=
=
=πŸ“
πŸ”
πŸ”