REQUEST FOR PROJECT PREPARATION GRANT (PPG) PROJECT TYPE: FULL-SIZED PROJECT THE GEF TRUST FUND Submission date: 11 November 2009 GEF PROJECT ID1: 4083 GEF AGENCY PROJECT ID:608808 COUNTRY (IES): Congo PROJECT TITLE: CBSP-Integrated management of mangrove and other coastal wetlands and forests ecosystems of the Republic of Congo GEF AGENCY (IES): FAO OTHER EXECUTING PARTNER (S): Direction Générale de l’Environnement (DGE) ; Direction Générale de l’Economie Forestière (DGEF) ; Délégation Générale à la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (DGRST) ; International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO), Wetlands Conservation Society (WCS) and International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). GEF FOCAL AREA(s): Biodiversity A. PROJECT PREPARATION TIMEFRAME Start date of PPG Completion date of PPG January 2010 October 2010 B. PAST PROJECT PREPARATION ACTIVITIES ($) List of Past Project Output of the Preparation Activities Activities Not Applicable Not Applicable Total Project Preparation Financing Project Preparation Amount 0 0 Co-financing Total 0 0 0 0 C. PROPOSED PROJECT PREPARATION ACTIVITIES ($) Describe the PPG activities and justifications: The main objective of the PPG funded activities will be the development of a full-size GEF project proposal financed under the Biodiversity focal area. The PPG will support: (1) An inception workshop will be organized to conduct a stakeholder analysis to facilitate collective action and minimize conflicts, identify key stakeholders, prepare a collaboration framework with other projects/programmes, and develop an initial proposal on project results monitoring and evaluation framework. (2) Baseline data collection and information gap analysis based on literature review in relation to Congo’s mangrove and coastal wetland and forests resource management and conservation, biodiversity and the socio-economic context. The data overview and analysis will provide a good basis for the full-size Project to finalize such databases to allow for an assessment of the present state of mangrove, coastal wetland and forests ecosystems and the identification of threats and opportunities for their conservation and sustainable use, identify hotspots and potential project sites, provide recommendations on monitoring and evaluation, including an agreed set of indicators to monitor project progress and impact, and provide the baseline information essential to develop a costed Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system to be implemented in coherence with regional requirements. The geographical area comprises mangrove, coastal wetland and forest areas taking into account integrated land management in and around mangroves; trans-boundary issues with Gabon, Angola and DRC will also be addressed. (3) Analysis of weaknesses and gaps in policies, laws and regulations affecting the mangrove, coastal wetland and 1 Project ID number will be assigned initially by GEFSEC. If PIF has been submitted earlier, use the same ID number as PIF. 1 forest ecosystems of Congo and the communities depending on them as needed for project preparation. Review and assessment of policy and institutional frameworks at the local and national levels including the adequacy of legal provisions for protection and conservation and the frameworks for ecosystem-based management of mangrove, wetland and coastal forest resources. This will guide the policy, regulatory activities and institutionalstrengthening activities to be carried out by the project (component 1). (4) A stakeholder and institutional analysis based on participatory approaches. Meetings and consultations will be conducted as needed in order to guarantee an informed institutional arrangement for project preparation and inception. It will take into account a wide range of stakeholders including inter alia community groups, civil society organizations, private sector, academic and research institutions, NGOs, governmental agencies and local authorities (municipalities and villages). The PPG will evaluate the capacity of the different institutions that will be responsible for mangroves, coastal wetland and forest management and conservation, assessment of capacity and training needs of stakeholders at all levels. All activities will build on existing organisations, knowledge and knowledge systems and will be conducted through participatory processes. The analysis will provide recommendations on participation and capacity-building programmes to be supported through project component 1 and 4 as well as on the institutional and implementation arrangements aspects of the project... (5) Socio economic review of fisheries communities as well as an assessment of ecological and environmental aspects related to sustainable fisheries management within mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems. The review will explore opportunities to maximize social participation of the fishermen in the project, to minimize potential conflicts and to define benefit sharing mechanisms between fishermen and other users of mangrove, coastal wetland and forests. The review will also provide recommendations on cost-effective methods to improve fisheries management including approaches in the identification and assessment of exploitation techniques and conservation of fisheries resources and propose priority activities to be supported through the project component 3 and 4. (6) A study on local livelihoods and adapted conservation and management approaches and practices based on available literature in order to clarify how mangrove, coastal wetland and forest used by local communities may be intertwined with household livelihood strategies. Aspects to be covered will include, inter alia, communities and household dependency on mangroves, coastal wetland and forests, ownership, incomes from mangroves, coastal wetland and forest based activities, gender issues, resources access and use, conflict management, and social organization including leadership in communities. The study will provide recommendations on priority activities to support sustainable community based management and restoration of mangrove, wetland and forest ecosystems through the project component 3 and 4. (7) A series of local workshops will be conducted to validate the findings and identify information gaps, identify potential project sites with biodiversity of global importance, and allow for participatory design of project activities and outputs and outcomes monitoring framework. (8) Compile baseline information and monitoring and evaluation document based on the above mentioned consultations, studies and analysis including agreed and confirmed project sites, incremental reasoning of GEF involvement, monitoring and evaluation plan with indicators, monitoring methods, division of responsibilities and budget, and GEF biodiversity Tracking Tool. (9) The project design and draft Project Document will be discussed with all stakeholders, validated and then endorsed at a stakeholder consultation workshop which will be held at the end of project preparation activities. A national NGO specialized in mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems and related socioeconomic and participatory aspects will be contracted under a Letter of Agreement (contract) to assist with collecting and analyzing of data from communities related mainly to activities 3 and 4, but also to activities 5 and 6. The NGOs with relevant expertise and to be considered as partners and potential provider of services are Wetlands Conservation Society (WCS), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Centre de recherche forestière du Littoral, Congo Nature Conservation, Association pour le développement communautaire (ADECOR) and Re-Natura. The final outputs will include all inputs to the full preparation of the Project Document, CEO Endorsement Request template, Biodiversity Tracking Tools, and any other documentation required for FAO approval and GEF 2 endorsement processes. Proposed Project Preparation Activities 1. Conduct 1 inception workshop 2. Assessment of the environmental/biophysical status of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest resources in Congo 3. Carry out an analysis of weaknesses and gaps in policies, laws and regulations, and the roles and responsibilities affecting the conservation and sustainable management of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in Congo. 4. Undertake a stakeholders, and institutional analysis 5. Conduct an assessment of the environmental/biophysical and socio-economic aspects of fisheries 6. Conduct a socio-economic review of local communities and propose priority activities for livelihood improvement and sustainable Output of the PPG Activities Project Prep (a) Report with agreed operational project work plan; methodology and roles and responsibilities for studies agreed; key stakeholders identified; draft project coordination mechanism agreed; draft results framework (log frame) developed in a participatory manner; criteria for the selection of project sites identified for further consideration during project preparation; preliminary identification of possible progress and impact indicators to measure project progress (development of a draft project monitoring and evaluation framework) (b) Collaboration framework with other partner projects is established Total 5,000 6,250 12,500 12,000 24,500 (a) Report on “Policy, legal and institutional framework” with recommendations on improvements of policies, laws and regulatory tools; (b) Draft institutional framework and coordination mechanisms. (c) Recommended methods to improve mangrove, coastal wetland and forest resource management in Congo 9,000 13,000 22,000 Report on “Stakeholder and institutional analysis” that includes a stakeholder matrix and capacity building needs, and recommends a participatory and capacity building programme at all levels 8,000 11,000 19,000 5,000 6,000 11,000 11,000 10,000 21,000 (a) Report on the assessment on the drivers of the status of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in Congo including trade and climate change (b) Environmental profile and assessment reports c) Mapping of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest areas Report on the socio-economic, ecological and environmental aspects of fisheries. Report on “socio-economic survey and the role of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in local livelihoods” that includes facts and figures, prioritizes issues, and recommends project activities to promote non destructive use of these 1,250 Cofinancing 3 mangrove, coastal wetland and forest management. 7. Conduct local workshops 8. Compile a baseline information and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) report based on updated information and information gap analysis. 9. Final validation workshop. ecosystems and their restoration and rehabilitation; conduct local meetings as needed. Reports containing information and recommendations for thematic issues, geographical areas, potential project sites where there is biodiversity of global significance, stakeholders’ roles and responsibilities, and national and transboundary aspects. (a) Report on the state of the mangroves, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems of Congo, including description of biodiversity of global significance; (b) Description of project baseline and GEF alternative (added value of GEF); (c) Potential project sites identified; (d) Impact indicators identified and agreed through stakeholder consultation (national workshops) and at final validation workshop; (e) Financing plan elaborated (including incremental analysis and co-financing arrangements); (f) Recommendations for a costed Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) programme; (g) A framework of measurable indicators for Congo’s mangrove, coastal wetland and forest including socioeconomic capacity, organizational, ecosystems is established. Report on the final workshop with key stakeholders agreed , draft project document reviewed and validate finalization and closure of project preparation: M&E recommendations; state of the mangroves, coastal wetland and forests report 0 5,000 5,000 18,000 30,000 1,250 5,000 6,250 60,000 85,000 145,000 12,000 Total Project Preparation Financing 1. Including: Project Document, CEO Endorsement Template, Biodiversity Tracking Tools, etc. D. FINANCING PLAN SUMMARY FOR PROJECT PREPARATION GRANT: ($) GEF financing Co-financing Total Project Preparation 60,000 85,000 145,000 Agency Fee 6,000 6,000 4 E. PPG REQUESTED BY AGENCY, FOCAL AREA AND COUNTRIES GEF Agency Focal Area FAO Biodiversity Total PPG Requested Country Name/ Global Congo (in $) Agency Fee (b) 6,000 6,000 PPG (a) 60,000 60,000 Total c=a+b 66,000 66,000 F. PPG BUDGET REQUEST Cost Items Local consultants International consultants Contracts/LoA with national NGO Travel (Local and International) Workshops General Operational Expenses (printing, communications, misc. supplies, etc.) Total PPG Budget Total Estimated Person Weeks for GEF Grant (PW) 24 9 GEF ($) 15,000 22,500 9,500 10,500 2,500 0 60,000 Cofinancing Total ($) ($) 8,750 23,750 40,650 63,150 0 9,500 15,200 25,700 15,000 17,500 5,400 5,400 85,000 145,000 5 G. GEF AGENCY(IES) CERTIFICATION This request has been prepared in accordance with GEF policies and procedures and meets the GEF criteria for project identification and preparation. Agency Coordinator, Agency name Charles Riemenschneider (TCID) Director, Investment Centre Division Technical Cooperation Department FAO Barbara Cooney (TCID) FAO GEF Coordinator Email: [email protected] Tel: +39 06 57055478 Signature Date (mm/dd/yy) January 7, 2010 Project Contact Person Michelle Gauthier Forestry Officer Forest Conservation Service (FOMC) Forestry Department FAO Telephone +3906 5705 3692 Email Address Michelle.Gauthier @fao.org 6 Annex A Consultants Financed by the Project Preparation Grant (PPG) Position Titles $ per week Estimated weeks Tasks to be performed Local/national 1. Analysis of weaknesses and gaps in policies, laws Policy, Legal and institutional expert in natural resources conservation and coastal ecosystems management 625 6 Mangrove and coastal forest Ecosystems Specialist 625 12 and regulations; roles and responsibilities affecting the conservation and sustainable management of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in Congo 2. Undertake capacity assessments of stakeholders/partners and recommend capacity building interventions, build these assessments into stakeholder analyses 3. Characterization of existing institutional framework 4. Elaboration of alternative strategies for institutional strengthening of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest institutions 5. Assess coordination mechanisms for involvement of stakeholders and propose effective coordination mechanisms for the project 6. Advise on engagement of various national and local stakeholders in project scoping and design 7. Formulation of qualitative indicators of institutional capacities and definition of their baselines and target values 8. Identification of the most cost effective alternatives and costing of the required activities to improve the policy, legal and institutional framework 9. Participative cartography (i.e. thematic mapping of main results of diagnostic, such as institutions, activities, tenure, trade flux, etc.) 10. Participation in inception workshop, consultation and validation workshops and preparation of final workshop documents 11. Contribution to various reports as needed. 12. Preparation of Report of Activity 3 (on “Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework) 1. Compilation of the existing information on the mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems of the Republic of Congo, and identify the gaps of information and provide an overview of biodiversity and ecosystem values in community production coastal wetland and forests 2. Assistance to the Project Preparation Coordinator and the Specialist in Baseline Information for the collection, compilation and analysis of all 7 information; coordination of the team of national consultants and preparation of the missions for the international consultants. 3. Formulate quantitative indicators on biodiversity protection in mangrove, coastal wetland and forests 4. Organization of the key project workshops (inception, consultation and validation of final documentation) and preparation of the workshop reports. 5. Contribution to various reports as needed. 6. Preparation of reports of activity 2 (on assessment of environmental/biophysical status of mangroves). 7. Preparation of Draft Report 8a (on overall status of national mangroves and other coastal wetlands and forests). 8. Preparation in collaboration with the International Consultant Coordinator of reports of Activities 1, 7 and 9 (workshops) Fisheries socioeconomist, ecologist and environmental specialist International Specialist in Integrated Coastal Area 625 6 1. Carry out fisheries socio-economic survey, as well as ecological and environmental fisheries conditions within mangrove and coastal wetland areas 2. Recommended methods to improve fisheries management within mangrove areas, including approaches in the identification and assessment of exploitation techniques and conservation of fisheries resources 3. Project monitoring and evaluation framework with regard to fisheries 4. Assessment of impact of fisheries activities on mangrove and coastal wetland ecosystems and propose activities to mitigate these impacts 5. Based on existing data or information, identify social conditions and requirements needed for successful development of competitive fisheries community within mangrove and coastal wetland in Congo 6. Provide recommendations to maximize social participation of the fishermen in the project, to minimize potential conflicts and to define benefit sharing mechanisms between fishermen and other users of mangrove, coastal wetland and forests in Congo 7. Assist in workshops preparation 9. Contribution to various reports as needed. 10. Preparation of reports of Activity 5 (on fisheries socio-economic, ecological and environmental aspects) 2,500 5.0 1. 2. In his capacity of project coordinator: Review outputs from all consultants to ensure 8 Management (ICAM) (team leader) 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. these meet FAO and GEF policies, criteria and other requirements Facilitation of the inception and national workshops and validation of final documentation. Integrate information to project proposal processes, from government and consultants Define implementation needs and negotiate implementation mechanisms Make inputs to detailed project budget and work plan Review of the work-plan, supervision of its implementation, preparation of a mid-term progress report on PPG implementation and a final project report Mobilize co-financing resources and follow-up on commitment letters Preparation of reports of Activities 4 (stakeholder analysis); finalization of Report 8a (on overall status of national mangroves and other coastal wetlands and forests) Preparation in collaboration with the National Consultant Coordinator of reports of Activities 1, 7 and 9 (workshops). 1. Based on the baseline information collected by local 2. 3. Specialist in baseline information and Monitoring and Evaluation (M &E) for mangroves, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems. 4. 2,500 2.0 5. 6. 7. experts, identify specific opportunities and constraints for implementing project activities Assess technical feasibility of recommended activities Assess sustainability of proposed project activities and provide recommendation for ensuring sustainability of project outcomes Provide recommendations for capacity building and stakeholder engagement activities planned for the project Consolidate baseline information and assist in the identification of project progress and impact indicators With the support and direct input of the team (all national and international consultants), prepare a coasted monitoring and evaluation plan for the project Preparation of reports of Activity 8b to g (on M&E). 1. Analysis of existing economic models and financial Financial/budget Specialist 2,500 2.0 mechanisms in Congo to promote sustainable mangrove, coastal wetland and forest management, including government programmes and lending private facilities 9 2. Prepare the incremental cost reasoning and the project financing plan, including a detailed inputs budget with unit costs and an outcomes/ outputs/ activities budget in concern with the expert on M&E 3. Analyse the project’s cost-effectiveness. 10 Annex B Project preparation activities and draft work plan Project preparation activities The proposed activities for the project preparation phase are described below in more detail: 1. Organization of an Inception workshop a) Conduct an inception workshop for planning and gathering of information with FAO, national and international consultants, national counterparts, and key stakeholders. The work plan will be confirmed, key stakeholders will be identified and roles and responsibilities for project preparation agreed; during this workshop, participatory stakeholders analysis will be conducted to facilitate collective action and involvement of all stakeholders, and minimize conflicts, prepare collaboration framework with other projects, develop an initial draft of project monitoring and evaluation framework. The inception workshop will also produce a number of outputs, including a draft results-framework, including potential project progress and impact indicators, which will be developed in a participatory manner for further review and refinement during project preparation. Criteria for the selection of projects sites and potential sites where global significant biodiversity is threatened will also be identified. 2. Assessment of the environmental/biophysical status of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest resources a) Based on the information available on Congo mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems conduct the study through desk analysis and field surveys to gather data and information on environmental and biophysical status b) Report on the assessment of threats, degradation and conservation drivers of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in Congo including trade, local production and extraction activities and climate change; c) Report on environmental profile including threats and impact assessment 3. Carry out an analysis of weaknesses and gaps in policies, laws and regulations, and the roles and responsibilities affecting the conservation and sustainable management of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in Congo; a) Based on the information available on Congo mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems, conduct the study through desk analysis/field surveys and consultation with key stakeholders. b) Produce a Report on “Policy, legal and institutional framework” with recommendations on improvements of policies, laws and regulatory tools and on institutional framework and coordination mechanisms, and identity institutional strengthening activities to be carried out by the project. 4. Undertake a stakeholders and institutional analysis a) Based on the information available on Congo mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems conduct the study through desk analysis and consultation with key stakeholders at national and local level. b) Produce a Report on “Stakeholder and institutional analysis” that includes a stakeholder matrix and capacity building and training needs, and recommends a participation programme and capacity building plan. c) Prepare Annex on Institutional and Implementation Arrangements. d) Produce specific operational recommendations for the finalization of the GEF Project Proposal. e) This activity will be undertaken by a National NGO specialized in mangrove and coastal ecosystems management and related socioeconomic and participatory aspects which will be contracted under a Letter of Agreement (draft terms of reference in Annex C). 11 5. Conduct a socio-economic review of fisheries communities as well as assessment of ecological and environmental aspects related to sustainable fisheries management within mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems and propose priority activities. Carry out fisheries socio economic survey within mangrove and coastal wetland areas, and more specifically: a) Recommended cost-efficient methods to improve fisheries management within mangrove areas, including approaches in the identification and assessment of exploitation techniques and conservation of fisheries resources b) Project monitoring and evaluation framework with regard to fisheries c) Assessment of impact of fisheries activities on mangrove and coastal wetland ecosystems and propose activities to mitigate these impacts d) Based on existing data and information and experiences from other countries and regions, identify social conditions and requirements needed for successful development of competitive fisheries community within mangrove and coastal wetland in Congo e) Provide recommendations to maximize social participation of the fishermen in the project, to minimize potential conflicts and to define benefit sharing mechanisms between fishermen and other users of mangrove, coastal wetland and forests in Congo f) Produce the reports of Activity 5 on fisheries socio-economic, ecological and environmental aspects; contribute to other reports as needed. 6. Conduct a socio-economic review of local communities and propose priority activities for livelihood improvement and sustainable mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems management a) Based on the information available on Congo mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems, conduct the study through desk analysis and socio-economic study through field surveys of sample of communities, representative and other key stakeholders as needed. Collect and validate information through inclusive and participatory process at local level, notably workshops/meetings. b) Produce a Report on “socio-economic study and the role of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in local livelihoods” that includes facts and quantified figures, prioritizes issues, and recommends cost effective measures to be supported by the project in order to promote non destructive use of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems and their restoration and rehabilitation. c) This activity will be undertaken by a National NGO specialized in mangrove and coastal ecosystems management and related socioeconomic and participatory aspects which will be contracted under a Letter of Agreement (draft terms of reference in Annex C). 7. Conduct local workshops a) Conduct national and local workshops/meetings to gather information and draw recommendations on thematic issues, potential projects sites where there is biodiversity of global significance, stakeholders’ roles and responsibilities, and national and transboundary issues. 8. Compile baseline information and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) report based on updated information and information gap analysis and publish the state of the mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems of Congo a) Based on the information available on mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in Congo, with the participation of all national and international consultants involved in the project preparation, compile the available information and identify the gaps in relation to the design of project components and the monitoring and evaluation framework. Collect the key missing information through desk analysis/field surveys and consultation with key stakeholders at national and local level. b) Produce a Report on the “state of the mangroves, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems of Congo” that contains: 12 1. Baseline information on i) socio-cultural, economic, management and conservation aspects, ii) recommendations on strategies to address these issues, and iii) recommendations on the strategic ways to assess their use and change. The report will also include a description of biodiversity of global significance, impacts and threats to these ecosystems and will be illustrated with tables (quantitative data), photography’s, and maps and other as needed. 2. Project output and outcome indicators agreed. 3. Project sites confirmed and agreed. 4. Baseline description and GEF alternative incremental reasoning prepared. 5. Recommendations for a coasted Monitoring and Evaluation Plan. 6. Biodiversity Tracking Tools prepared for review and discussion c) Validate the information at the final workshop for documentation validation. d) Produce specific operational recommendations for the finalization of the GEF Project Proposal. 9. Final validation workshop a) Conduct a final workshop for review and endorsement of draft Project Document including final monitoring and Evaluation Framework with key stakeholders. 13 Proposed work plan The project will be implemented in 6 phases as follow: - Phase I: Inception workshop, selection of team members, compilation of basic information, methodology and project work plan. - Phase II: Collection of desk/field data and information - Phase III: Analysis of data and completion of information baseline - Phase IV: Finalization of Baseline information, preparation of GEF project proposal. - Phase V: Finalisation and Validation of the project document and submission of GEF project proposal. - Phase VI: Publishing of major reports. The draft work plan for the project preparation is outlined below: Phases/Activities 2009 Oct Preparatory activities Selection of consultants Compilation of basic information Inception workshop Preparation of the inception workshop Workshop Report & Recommendations Technical studies and analysis 1 – Policy, legal and institutional 2 – Stakeholder and institutional 3 – Information gap study 4- Environmental/biophysical 5 - Local socio-economic study/surveys Baseline, monitoring and evaluation 1 – Integrated Analysis of data of activities 1 to 5 for Report on Baseline Information and Report on the state of mangrove, coastal wetland and forests of Congo 2 –Report for baseline, monitoring and evaluation Finalization of project proposal (including final workshop) 1- Pre-design of the content; preparation; and, Report of the state of the mangroves, coastal wetland and forests 2 – GEF Project Proposal formulation 3 – Validation workshop: Validation of final documentation, finalization and closure of project preparation: M&E recommendations; state of the mangroves, coastal wetland and forests report; GEF Project Proposal. 2010 Nov-Dec Jan-Mar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep collect collect collect collect collect analysis analysis analysis analysis analysis final draft final draft final draft final draft final draft Report Report Report Report Report collect analysis final draft Nov Nov-Dec Nov-Dec Dec Report Pre-design Editing Drafting Validate Finalize Publish Validate. Finalize. Workshop. Report Finalized. Submit to GEF. Closure project. 14 Annex C Items for draft Letter of Agreement between FAO and a national NGO specialized in mangrove coastal wetland and forest ecosystems resources management and related socioeconomic and participatory aspects. Main activities and products 1. Collection of baseline information for socioeconomic analysis. 2. Organization of the local meetings/workshops as needed for data collection and validation. 3. Validation of baseline information and discussion of the community involvement strategies with local communities (and prepare local workshop reports recording these results). 4. Contribute to the analysis of stakeholders and institutions (from community perspectives). 5. Contribute to the study on the socio-economic status of local communities and local means of livelihoods and propose adapted socio-economic and conservation and management approaches and practices. 6. Participation in national consultations and validation workshops (for inception, consultation and validation of final project document). 7. Contribute to draft text during preparation of the following final reports: (a) Report on the “Stakeholder and institutional analysis” (activity 3); (b) Report on the “socio-economic study and the role of mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems in local livelihoods” (activity 5). Draft PPG Congo mangrove, coastal wetland and forest ecosystems Dr Folack 23 September 2009 Page 15
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