语音与正音
邯郸学院外国语学院
《语音与正音》四级课题组
弱读
Brief Introduction
Weak Form
弱读
单词在句中可以强读，也可以弱读，主要取决于上下文所表达的意思。有些
英语单词本身具有两种或两种以上不同发音。以单词some为例，该词在重读或单
独出现时，其元音的发音与单词sum完全一样。但是，当some在句子中作为非重
读单词时，其元音就显得短而模糊。弱读音节中最常见的音是中元音/ə/。一个
单词在强读或弱读具有不同（两种或两种以上）发音时，这些不同的形式就叫词
的强读式或弱读式。英语单词中有强读式和弱读式的单词大约有50多个，而且他
们多出现在句子的非重读音节里。从词性上看，它们大多为单音节的限定词、助
动词、动词be、介词、关联词和人称代词等。要提高听力理解水平，在平日朗读
和说话过程中就必须养成使用弱读的习惯。虽然英语单词强弱读形式不一并且常
用词往往有不止一个弱读形式，但只要掌握其构成特点，很容易记住弱读形式的
发音。
a, an
重读/ei, æn/ ；弱读/ə, ən/
a lion / a table / an ugly man / an hour / an honest man / a European / a
university / What a pity! / You’ll need an axe. / An apple a day keeps the
doctor away.
am
重读/æm/ ; 弱读/əm,m/
I’m all right. / I’m not ready yet. / I’ve seen him and am glad to say he’s well.
/ What am I to do? / I’m in a terrible hurry. / Where am I now?
and
重读/ænd/ ; 弱读/ənd,ən/
Two and six / fire and the sword / Tom and Annie / John and Kate left early. /
Give Jack four and a penny. / Go and tell your uncle. / a cat and dog life
are
重读/a:/ ；弱读/ə/
The boys are here. / Our friends are out. / Are you there? / What are you
doing? / These things are all mine. / Are you ready to go now?
as
重读/æz/ ；弱读/əz/
as good as gold / as far as I know / It looks as if you’re right. / Do as you are
told. / It isn’t as good as I thought. / I’ll stop now, as it’s late.
at
重读/æt/ ；弱读/ət/
I’m looking at the clock. / Tom’s still at school. / He’ll be back at six. / I’ll
meet you at the gate. / You’ll see a bank at the corner. / At any rate, that’s
not bad!
be
重读/bi:/ ；弱读/bi/
Don’t be late. / Do be quiet. / I’ll be ready soon. / Come on, I don’t want to
be late! / We shall be there in plenty of time.
been
重读/bi:n/ ；弱读/bin/
You’ve been a long time. / All the work’s been done. / I’ve been cheated! /
We’ve been playing chess. / I wish I hadn’t been so hasty.
but
重读/bΛt/ ；弱读/bət/
It’s old but useful. / We’ve nothing but water. / It’s raining but I’ll go out. /
Jack’s careful but not very bright. / That’s nothing but nonsense.
can
重读/kæn/ ；弱读/kən/
What can I do to help you? / I can see it quite well. / I can smell gas. / That
can be done in a minute. / Can you do me a favour?
could
重读/kud/ ；弱读/kəd/
I could leave early. / What could I do? / The dress could be altered. / I wish I
could swim. / You could do it if you tried. / We could put you up for the night.
do
重读/du:/ ；弱读/də, d/
What do you want? / Where do you buy them? / Where do you get them? / Do
you really think he is stupid? / Why do you work so hard?
does
重读/dΛz/ ；弱读/dəz/
What does he do for a living?/ Where does this road lead to?/ Where does
your brother live?/ How does that affect you?/ How on earth does it work?
for
重读/f ɔ : / ；弱读/fə/
It this for me?/ This watch will last for ever!/ There’s a parcel here for you./
This’ll be good for you./ For years and years I’ve said it would happen./ I
was art for art’s sake.
from
重读/frɔm/ ；弱读/frəm/
I can’t tell one from the other./ I’ve just heard from Mary./ He’s a visitor
from Italy. / He can’t tell red from green.
had has have
重读/hæd,hæz, hæv/ ；弱读/ həd, d; həz, z;
həv, v /
Has the post come?/ Had I known, I’d have told you about it./ When Tom had
finished, he left./ Cook has burned the cakes./ The guest have arrived./
They’d gone./ We’d better hurry./ You’ve made a mistake./ That’s never
occurred before./ Has your friend got over the incident?
he
重读/hi:/ ；弱读/hi,i/
He told me a story./ What was it he said?/ He’s good boy./ He’s gone before I
arrived.
her
重读/hə:/ ；弱读/hə, ə/
I give her the book./ She’s got her ticket./ Her answer surprised her father./
They gave her a lot of good advice.
him
重读/him/ ；弱读/him,im/
I gave him a book./ Give him my best wishes./ Tell him to come./ I met him
once./ I don’t know him and I don’t want to know him.
is
重读/iz/ ；弱读/z,s/
Who’s in the bathroom?/ What’s the matter?/ The man’s in the kitchen./ His
wife’s Italian./ What’s the use of grumbling?/ That fellow’s a scoundrel.
me
重读/mi:/ ；弱读/mi/
He gave me my ticket./ They want me to do it./ Bill taught me to swim./
Don’t look at me like that, it makes me nervous.
must
重读/mΛst/ ；弱读/məst/
You must eat it at once./ He must go now./ You must remember you’re only a
beginner./ I must make a note of that./ That must be done at once.
of
重读/ ɔ v/ ；弱读/əv/
One of the books is missing./ It’s made of cheese and eggs./ The jug is full of
cream./ I’ve never heard of it. / That one’s the best of the bunch.
shall
重读/ſæl/ ；弱读/ſəl/
When shall I see you again?/ I shall be back soon./ Shall I see you home?/
What shall we tell him when we see him?/ I shall be thirty next Wednesday.
she
重读/ ſi:/ ；弱读/ſi/
What did she say?/ She said she was in a hurry./ She told me she hadn’t
time./ She doesn’t like plums, does she?
should
重读/ ſud/ ；弱读/ſəd/
What should I say?/ We should get there early by that train./ You should be
careful, my boy./ I should be much obliged to you./ Everyone should try to do
good.
some
重读/ sΛm/ ；弱读/səm/
Would you like some milk?/ I’ve got some letters for you./ Give him some
more./ Have you got some good coffee?/ He bought some eggs, some bacon
and some bread.
than
重读/ ðæn/ ；弱读/ðən/
It’s bigger than I thought./ That’s more than I want./ That’s more than
enough./ Don’t eat more than your share.
that
重读/ ðæt/ ；弱读/ðət/
He said that he was late./ I told him that he was lazy./ Well, this is the best
that I can do.
them
重读/ ðεm/ ；弱读/ðəm/
I’ll give them back./ We saw them yesterday./ Please hand these pens to
them./ Give them my regards./ If I see them, I’ll tell them what happened.
there
重读/ðεə/ ；弱读/ðə/
There’s a club around the corner./ Is there a canteen here?/ There was a
strange look in his eyes./ Oh, dear, there isn’t any bread left.
to
重读/tu:/ ；弱读/tu,tə/
I want you to work hard./ They went to the zoo./ Do you want to go? Oh, yes,
I’d love to./ Last year they went to India.
us
重读/Λs/ ；弱读/əs,s/
They told us to go./ I wonder if they saw us./ Let’s go out now./ They gave
us a cordial welcome.
was
重读/ wɔz/ ；弱读/wəz/
What was he saying?/ Was anyone hurt?/ That was splendid./ He said his
friend was an artist./ What was his explanation?
we
重读/ wi:/ ；弱读/wi/
We saw him there, didn’t we?/ What shall we do?/ We’ll go tomorrow./ We’d
like a drink./ We’ve not much time./ Why are we waiting?
were
重读/ wə:/ ；弱读/wə/
The boys were busy./ They were all at home./ What were you doing?/ There
were several foreigners here./ Why were you so angry with him?
would
重读/wud/ ；弱读/wəd,d/
What would you like?/ What would be the best thing to do?/ John would help
you if you asked him./ I’d do it if I could./ We’d love to go./ You’d succeed if
you tried.