TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPE:
SHOULD WE TARGET 5G EVOLUTION OR REVOLUTION?
Dr. Emilio Calvanese Strinati
Smart Devices, Security & Telecommunications Scientific and Innovation Program Director
5G CHAMPION project Coordinator
CEA-LETI
[email protected]
WTP 2017, Tokyo | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 25/05/2017
STANDARDS ACCELERATION:
WHAT WILL LOOK LIKE 5G FIRST?
3GPP release 15 acceleration:
• The previous project plan for 5G NR (as part of 3GPP Release 15) was
•
allowing standard-compliant 5G NR deployment around 2020
Actual agreed plan is to introduce an earlier intermediate milestone
to complete technical specifications related to a configuration called
Non-Standalone 5G NR
•
to enable large-scale trials and deployments starting in 2019.
• Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G NR
•
It will utilize the existing LTE radio and core network as an anchor for
mobility management and coverage while adding a new 5G carrier.
Make it quickly and working, then the market will push for technology patches
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 2
STANDARDS ACCELERATION: ADVANTAGES
Advantages
• Intermediate milestone to enable 3GPP-based large-scale trials and
deployments as early as 2019
•
(some already on February 2018 – Winter Olympic Games, Korea)
• The new standardization acceleration approach in 3GPP is making
forward compatibility a key design principle for the standardization of
the first release of 5G NR
• 5G services will be supported by release 15 before 2020 and RoI can be
accelerated
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 3
STANDARDS ACCELERATION: DISADVANTAGES
Drawback
• Standardization should also be a way to ensure further valorization of
innovation
•
This requires standards to support a "revolution "inside approach as a core
platform for digitization of the industry
•
The now embraced evolutionary approach is limiting revolutionary
solutions forcing technology to be backward compatible and limiting the
potential of the digital revolution
• Accelerating the consensus process strongly reduces the opportunity to
have dedicated study items to investigate needed innovative solutions
and force 5G to relay on today ‘old’ technology solutions
•
i.e. adopting OFDM based solutions for mmW communications
• Standard essential patents status oencourages evolution rather than
revolution
•
•
More frequent updates of standard
Less frequent changes of standards generations
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 4
Evolutionary solutions are already happening
Planned 5G demos at 2018 Winter Olympics based mainly on
release 15: a technological challenge
3D application
Content co-creation
360 media
Multi-contents play
KT (PyeongChang)
SyncView
TN 20+ Gbps
OmniPoint View
LGU+
Broadband
5G IoT-Safety
Ultra-high
data-rate
5G CHAMPION (PyeongChang)
5G CHAMPION (EU)
VR and AR
5G IoT LoRa
IoT
5G-SatCOM
SKT
AR and VR
contents
Multiparty holograms
5G-Satellite
5G-GNSS
positioning
5G CHAMPION (KR)
Mobility
Real-time
interaction
5G multi-UE interaction
Drone racing
5G Bus
Details available in D2.2
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 5
WHY ARE WE TALKING ABOUT 5G REVOLUTION?
• Standards are not ready yet (3G PPP, ETSI, etc…) or focusing on
evolutions of legacy solutions
• Regulation is not in favor yet (i.e. spectrum, drones, … for instance)
• Technology is not mature or too costy (i.e. mmW at 90 GHz+)
• 5G discussion bodies has chosen different paths and priorities (Ex.
VLC)
• The need for such technology is not here yet
• We just simply do not how to do it now … but the evolutionary
approach can severely limit the potential of 5G
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 6
EXEMPLE OF CEA-LETI DEVELOPMENT ON
TECHNOLOGIES FOR 5G REVOLUTION
Beyond 5G evolution and 5G revolution needs innovative technologies:
• Optical Wireless networks and Visible Light Communications to exploit THz spectrum
•
potential
Ambient computing with Mobile Edge Compiuting (MEC) and distributed intelligence
support
•
•
Explore ‘computational caching’ solutions and extended context aware sharing empowered
computing
In memory computing and HPC solutions
• Revolution of Data centers. Different from IT because we have real time, different
throughput requirements
•
Comodity HW in radio access HW with general purpose computing, support of cloud, etc,
New ways to have cost effective deployments of services through virtualization and connectivity
• Open source solutions & open data bases revolution
• Mobile mmW & 90GHz+ mmW communications
• Support from flying base station
• 5G over satellite (see 5GCHAMPION PoC)
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 7
FROM SON TO …
4G+
Small
Data
Collect / Orchestrate
Passive
Network
Monitoring
‘Claudification’
step 1:
RRH & C-RAN
Cloud assistance
SON
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 8
FROM SON TO RAN 2.0
5G
4G+
20182020
20162019
PoC
5G Deployment
Small
Data
Passive
Network
Monitoring
Connect / Analyze
Proactive
Reporting
Silos
Analytics
Vertical markets
specific analytics
Tactile Slicing
Distributed Databases
‘Claudification’
step 1:
RRH & C-RAN
Cloud assistance
SON
‘Claudification’ step 2:
MEC & Hybrid RAN
Local cloud for SON
MEC UE empowerment
(Edge offloading)
Fog Computing
RAN 2.0
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FROM SON TO RAN 3.0
5G
4G+
5G+
2020+ - 2025
20182020
20162019
PoC
5G Deployment
Small
Data
Passive
Network
Monitoring
Proactive
Reporting
Silos
Analytics
Vertical markets
specific analytics
Tactile Slicing
Integrated
Analytics
Predictive
Analytics
Distributed
‘local-small’
& context aware
big data
Machine
Learning
Automation
Automated / Predictive
Correction
Dynamic automated
data driven decision
& machine action
Taxonomy generation
Automated
data enrichment &
versioning
Vertical Market Evolution
Distributed Databases
‘Claudification’
step 1:
RRH & C-RAN
Cloud assistance
SON
‘Claudification’ step 2:
‘Claudification’ step 3:
MEC & Hybrid RAN
Local cloud for SON
MEC UE empowerment
(Edge offloading)
Fog Computing
Full Distributed Cloud
Ad-hoc / opportunistic
local cloud (clustering)
multi-cloud
RAN 2.0
RAN 3.0
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 10
FROM SON TO RAN 4.0
5G
4G+
2020+ - 2025
20182020
20162019
Transformational
5G+
2020+ - 2030
Artificial Intelligence
Control
Artificial
PoC
Intelligence
5G Deployment
Small
Data
Passive
Network
Monitoring
Proactive
Reporting
Silos
Analytics
Vertical markets
specific analytics
Tactile Slicing
Integrated
Analytics
Predictive
Analytics
Machine
Learning
Automation
Dynamic automated
data driven decision Intelligent Automation:
& machine action
• Predict
Distributed
• Design
Taxonomy generation • Analyze
‘local-small’
& context aware
• Discover
Automated
big data
• Detect
data enrichment &
• Compare
versioning
• Find
Vertical Market Evolution
Distributed Databases
‘Claudification’
step 1:
RRH & C-RAN
Cloud assistance
SON
Cognitive computing:
Clusterization
Classification
Anomaly detection
Web 4.0
Semantic Databases
‘Claudification’ step 2:
‘Claudification’ step 3:
‘Claudification’ step 4:
MEC & Hybrid RAN
Local cloud for SON
MEC UE empowerment
(Edge offloading)
Fog Computing
Full Distributed Cloud
Ad-hoc / opportunistic
local cloud (clustering)
multi-cloud
Semantic Cloud
RAN 2.0
RAN 3.0
HPC:
Improved processing
parallelization, speed, EE
RAN 4.0
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 11
TO CONCLUDE
5G development challenging barriers are a matter of complexity
and scalability rather than bandwidth
• networks will be heterogeneous
• most of the time (many) local access points due to shorten link
coverage range
• services is provided from an E2E perspective which require highly
distributed execution environment with (ultra-)low latency for
connectivity
• "decomposing" future 5G infrastructures into "atomic" abstractions
dynamically allocated in the Cloud, Edge and even Fog
Computing-Storage capabilities
• flexibility in 5G will imply "complexity" in
management/control/orchestration of resources and services
Most of 5G will happen locally
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CONCLUSIONS
The joint Taiwan and Europe benefit in embracing 5G revolution:
• standardisation rush to deliver early 'evolutionary' standards : we can
•
not be fully satisfied with the (beneficial for ‘some areas of the globe)
(vertical) industry and society are expecting revolutionary one's, both at
RAN and core networks
•
• Specific benefit of EU-TW cooperation is on the development and
commercialization of new technology while ensuring their long term RoI
•
•
This comes to the cost of ambition and target innovation of technology
rather than ‘just’ faster efficient radio interface
The risk: with evolution we fall short of reaching our goals and … who will
reap the benefits?
• Taiwan is a key technologic and innovation partner for EU
• Together we will enforce ‘revolution’ in 5G to reach the ambition
industrial revolution that digitalization will bring.
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 13
Thank you!
For more questions
Dr. Emilio Calvanese Strinati
[email protected]
Leti, technology research institute
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives
Minatec Campus | 17 rue des Martyrs | 38054 Grenoble Cedex | France
www.leti.fr
5G: KEY ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES (SELECTION)
• Network densification
• Very compact and massive MIMO antennas
•
•
related beamforming
very high antennas’ directivity
• High and agile spectrum usage (below 6 GHz & mmW)
• Wider communication bands
• Distributed Mobile edge cloud and Intelligenge support
• D2D communications
• Advanced Caching Techniques
• Full-duplex communications
• Interference management
• New PHY waveforms
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 15
ACCELERATING 5G NEW RADIO
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 16
5G & 5G+: THE UNKNOWN & ISSUES
• mmW Spectrum
•
•
•
•
Blocking /reliability
Mobility & Tracking
Coverage cost
…
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Per user processing
Interference management (Uplink, DL, D2D, Intra-systems, Near-Far, …)
Spectrum Sharing
Slicing
Mass number & heterogeneity of devices
5G new services requirements
Real functioning of Self-Organization (SON)
…
• Complexity
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 17
5G & 5G+: THE UNKNOWN & ISSUES
• Channel width & BW aggregation
•
With higher frequencies is progressively easier to accommodate wider
RF channel widths but at the cost of more directive communications
significantly driving up the cost of providing area coverage for mobility
90 GHz+
Source: 5G Spectrum group whitepaper – qualitative figure
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 18
5G & 5G+: THE UNKNOWN & ISSUES
• From MIMO to mmW Multi-User (MU)
Massive MIMO
• Wireless Backhaul/Franthaul
•
•
Insufficient capacity for target densification of the network and number of
devices
Tb/s wireless capacity is expected as a need in dense 5G deployments
• Terminal Complexity
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Large number of antennas
Multi-sensors management
Evolved HMI
Self-organizing functionalities
Cloud computing and Storage assistance
All in one device
…
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 19
MMW MU MASSIVE MIMO
?
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 20
5G & 5G+: THE UNKNOWN & ISSUES
• Real 5G Operational performance & PoC
•
•
•
•
5G CHAMPION (Olympic Games 2018 - Korea)
MiEdge (Olympic Games 2020 - Japan)
Industrial Trials
…
Source: 5G CHAMPION
• “Claudification”
•
•
•
Full distribution of cloud & multi-cloud (computing & Storage)
Multi-tenant cloud
Distributed virtualization of multi-cloud
• Spectrum Licensing real implementation
•
Exploitation of new (today) unlicensed spectrum : 90 GHz+, THz, …
• Security/Privacy & Mixed Criticality Management
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 21
FUTURE CAPACITY NEEDS: TB/S (WIRELESS)
Applications and services beyond 2020 will require 1Tb/s wireless
connections
Reference: G. Fettweis, System Concept for 1 Gbit/s and Beyond, Tutorial IEEE 802 Plenary, Vancouver, November 2005
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 22
NEW SPECTRUM: ABOVE 90 GHZ FOR 1TB/S
220 GHz
100 GHz
100 GHz
Jonathan Well, „ Faster Than Fiber: The Future of Multi-Gb/s Wireless,“ IEEE Mircrowave Magazine, May 2009, pp. 104-112
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 23
FUTURE BACKHAUL NEEDS
Source: 2016 Ethernet Roadmap - The Past, Present, and Future of Ethernet
EU-TW Workshop 2017 Bruxelles | Dr. Calvanese Strinati Emilio| 27/06/2017 | 24
TO CONCLUDE
5G Reality Check
•
How to use efficiently mmW Spectrum? Will it work?
•
How to manage 5G complexity?
•
•
•
How to fight backhaul/fronthaul capacity shortage in ultra-dense
deployments?
•
•
•
Network management: SON  RAN 4.0
Terminal complexity
Edge cloud can relax backhaul requirements on capacity & latency
Enough?
How will 5G perform in real use scenarios?
•
•
5G CHAMPION PoC validation in 2018
Others (Industry, 5G PPP Phase 2, MiEdge,…)
•
How to efficiently design and run a mmW Multi User massive MIMO?
•
Higher BW & wider RF channels versus more directive beams
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WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF NETWORK EVOLUTION ON UPLINK
TRAFFIC?
Inversion more UL than DL traffic due to Cloud Architecture Evolution
UL
Capacity
2025+
Today
2010
DL Capacity
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BANDWIDTH & LATENCY REQUIREMENTS FOR GENERIC
APPLICATIONS
Source: GSMA Intelligence, 2015
27
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THE ISSUES: UPLINK TSUNAMI [CALVANESE2016]
• Recent estimated ratio of UP and DL data is 1:7
• Ericsson mobility report of 2012 shows that UL to DL ratio reaches 1:1 for bidirectional applications such as P2P TV and P2P sharing
• In 2016 experienced UL to DL usage ratio approximatively 1:2.4
• Today, the asymmetry between UL and DL is reduced, and sometimes
inverted due to social media sharing, computation offloading to cloud,
explosion of number of device
• Inversion of UL and DL ratio due to Cloud Architecture Evolution
• Few UL traffic models comparing to DL
• Tomorrow?
[Calvanese2016] J. Oueis, E. Calvanese Strinati, ‘Uplink Traffic in Future Mobile Networks: Pulling the Alarm’, CROWN, Mai 2016.
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TO CONCLUDE
We are in the hyper connected age
•
•
Moore’s Law morphs into Metcalfe’s Law
Scaling is in number of connected devices, no longer in number of
transistors/chip
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