PowerPoint® Lecture Slides
prepared by
Barbara Heard,
Atlantic Cape Community
College
CHAPTER
10
The Muscular
System:
Part D
© Annie Leibovitz/Contact Press Images
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
• General Tip to determine Actions
– If muscle is on the Anterior Surface of the body, it
will move the insertion anteriorly
- If muscle is on the Posterior Surface … … will move
……posteriorly
- If muscle … Medial Surface … Medially
- If muscle … Lateral Surface …Laterally
Thigh Flexion
Posterior
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Leg Extension
Muscle crosses two
joints does actions
at both joints
Anterior
I. Muscles Crossing Hip Joint
Introduction
• Muscles crossing both joints: Sartorius,
Bracilis, Rectus Femoris, Hamstrings (3)
• Fascia Lata: connective tissue that wraps around
muscle groups. 3 groups are enclosed into
compartments
– Anterior Muscles: flex femur at hip, extend leg
at knee
– Posterior Muscles: extend thigh, flex leg
– Medial muscles: all adduct thigh
• Walking
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Muscles that act on the hip joint and femur:
An overview
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Introduction …
• Origins:
• Type Joint:
• Actions include:
A. Thigh flexors pass hip
joint anteriorly
1. Iliopsoas: prime mover of
flexion
• Upper groin muscle of 3
• Composed of two muscles w/
same insertion
– iliacus
– psoas major
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Anterior muscles that cross the hip joint
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Groin
Pectineus
Adductor
longus
Thigh Flexors …
2. Tensor fasciae latae
• anterior-lateral
• Inserts on Illiotibial tract = sheet of
dense connective tissue that runs from
the Illium to the Tibia laterally
• Mainly a Synergist
3. Rectus femoris
• Crosses 2 joints
• Anterior on femur
• Part of Quadriceps
4. Sartorius
• Runs inferiorly from lateral to medial
5. Adductor Group 3 muscles that Also
Flex Thigh, but are named after their
adduction of the thigh (details later)
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Movements of the Thigh
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Iliopsoas
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Tensor fasciae latae
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Rectus femoris
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Sartorius
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 10.20a Anterior and medial muscles promoting movements of the thigh and leg.
12th rib
Quadratus lumborum
Psoas minor
Iliac crest
Psoas major
Iliopsoas
Iliacus
Anterior superior
iliac spine
Tensor fasciae latae
Pectineus
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
• Rectus femoris
• Vastus lateralis
• Vastus medialis
12th thoracic
vertebra
5th lumbar
vertebra
Adductor longus
Gracilis
Adductor magnus
Tendon of
quadriceps femoris
Patella
Patellar
ligament
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 10.21a Posterior muscles of the right hip and thigh.
Gluteus medius
Gluteus
maximus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Iliotibial tract
Long head
Biceps
Short head femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Hamstrings
Movements of the Thigh
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Biceps femoris
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Semitendinosus
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Semimembranosus
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Movements of the Thigh …
B. Thigh extensors
Gluteus
• Location: Posterior Thigh
Maximus
1. Gluteus maximus – prime mover of
extension.
2. Hamstring muscles – Group of 3
muscles; prime movers
• Cross 2 Joints
Semimembranosus
• Biceps femoris– most lateral
• Semitendinosus– Has a Long Tendon
» Lays on top of Semimembranosus
• Semimembranosus – wide like a
membrane; seen on either side of
Semitendinosus
3. Adductor Magnus Large muscle w/
posterior portion acting in thigh extension
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Thigh Extensors …
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Rectus femoris
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Vastus lateralis
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Vastus medialis
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Vastus intermedius
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Gluteus maximus(c)
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Gluteus medius
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
C. Muscle that Adduct thigh
1. Adductor Group– on medial surface of
upper thigh
• also medially rotate
and flexes thigh
Quadriceps,
Sartorius, and Facia
L. removed
Cut
Pectineus
Adductor
Magnus
• Adductor Brevis
• Deep under Pectineus
• Adductor Longus
• Lowest muscle of 3 seen in groin
• Adductor Magnus
• Partially Superficial, but deep to Gracilis,
Pectineus, Adductor longus and brevis
• Large muscle with anterior and posterior
portions w/ broad insertion. Does
antagonistic actions of flex & extend thigh.
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Medial muscles that cross the hip joint
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Adductors …
2. Pectineus
•
•
•
Seen as 2nd muscle in
groin superficially
Deep to Quadriceps
Actions as for A. Longus
& Brevis
3. Gracilis
• Superficial
• Crosses 2 Joints: so also
flexes knee
• Only adducts at hip joint
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Movements of the Thigh
Close File and go to Video “Hip Joint-2”
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Medial muscles that cross the hip joint
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 10.20b Anterior and medial muscles promoting movements of the thigh and leg.
Pectineus
(cut)
Adductor
brevis
Adductor
longus
O
O
Adductor
magnus
I
I
I
Femur
O = origin
Ι = insertion
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Pectineus
D. Muscles that Move the Thigh Laterally =
Thigh Abductors
1. Gluteus medius (also
medially rotates thigh)
• Partially deep to G.
maximus
2. Gluteus minimus (also
medially rotates thigh)
• Deep to G. medius
3. Gluteus maximus
- Synergist in Abduction
Cut end of
Gluteus
Max.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 10.21c Posterior muscles of the right hip and thigh.
Gluteus medius
(cut)
Gluteus minimus
Superior
gemellus
Obturator
internus
Inferior
gemellus
Piriformis
Obturator
externus
Quadratus
femoris
Gluteus maximus
(cut)
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Movements of the Thigh
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Gluteus maximus(c)
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Gluteus medius
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 10.21b Posterior muscles of the right hip and thigh.
External
oblique
Iliac
crest
Lumbar
fascia
Gluteus
medius
Median
sacral
crest
(of sacrum)
Gluteus
maximus
Iliotibial
tract
Adductor
magnus
Gracilis
Biceps
femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Summary of Movement at the Hip Joint
VIDEO WORKS
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Movement at the hip joint
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.