大学英语精读(第三版)第四册课后习题答案
Unit1
Study & Practice
II. Comprehension of the Text
1. 1) c 2) b 3) d 4) c 5) b 6) c 7) a 8) d
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) thoughtful 2) might as well/may as well 3) draw your attention to
4) marvelous
5) settle for 6) done with
7) Competitive competitive 8) pains/pained
9) bonus
10) shrink
11) delivery
12) overheard
13) sour
14) for rent
15) stack
16) reproduce
2. 1) inquired 2) informed
3) awful
4) settle for
5) trash
6) claimed
7) Normally
8) a piece of cake
9) be done with 10) enable
11) am entitled
12) quite a while
3. 1) ask for
2) was set up/has been set up 3) pulled up
4) gives off
5) was held up 6) keep up
7) ran… over
8) made up
9) be left out 10) cut off
4. 1) It pained Jenny to learn of Jim’s refusal to help her with the translation.
2) The extra work to be assigned to you will greatly cut into your spare time.
3) We’d been at the job for hours, but we hardly made a dent in it.
4) You have no business saying those nasty things about Dick.
5) We might as well listen to the radio program since there isn’t anything interesting on
television.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. 1) standee
2) payee
3) grantee
4) addressee
5) a person who is absent
6) a person who is being trained
7) a divorced person
8) a person who is appointed
2. 1) output
2) breakdown
3) setup
4) Takeoff
5) drawbacks
6) breakthrough
7) cutback
8) takeover
3. 1) paper, store, shop, case, cream
2) making, keeping, bathing, conditioning, walking
3) market, way, stop, board/smith, ground
4) pill, water, material, point, machine
5) pour, look/put/come, come,
6) out, back/up, through/down/out
V. Usage
1. a dozen years
2. dozens of times
3.two dozen passengers
4. dozens of phone calls
5. three dozen boxes 6. a dozen bottles/a dozen bottles of wine
VI. Structure
1. 1) a great deal of pain “has been caused by evils which have never happened”
2) the elderly lady Miss Morris quarreled with was none other than her future mother-in-law
3) this essay is well-written except for a few grammatical mistakes
4) I just caught the train in time
5) You can’t eat your cake and have it too
2. 1) You ought to know better than to go swimming straight after a meal.
2) Uncle Rob should have known better than to trust that treacherous son of his.
3) Sally is old enough to know better than to spend all her money on fancy goods.
4) Miss Miller certainly knows better than to explore the desert all alone.
5) His college sons should have known better than to try to get the best out of their employees
by threatening them with bodily harm.
6) You ought to know better than to go out in this freezing weather in those thin clothes. You’ll
get frozen.
VII. Cloze
1. 1) delivery
2) a piece of cake
3) inquire
4) pulling up
5) stacks
6) deadline
7) marvelous
8) enable
9) cut into
10) settle for
11) settled our accounts
12) minimum
13) known better than
2. 1) advertisement/ad
2) read
3) No
4) like
5) words
6) towards
7) which
8) sizes
9) sitting
10) water
11) bottle
12) one
13) started
14) passed
15) run/pass 16) into
17) coming
18) if
19) quit
20) hour
21) wrote
VIII. Translation
1. We were informed that the Minister of Finance was to give us an audience /receive us the next
day.
2. I thought it odd that he didn’t seem to remember his own birthday.
3. Next Tuesday is the deadline for handing in the term papers, but most students have hardly
made a dent in the work so far.
4. It pained the headmaster to find the number of students shrinking.
5. Cash is commonly used in paying bills in that country, but checks are becoming more popular
and will, in a short while, replace cash as a way for people to settle their accounts.
6. The company claims that it is not responsible for the pollution in the river.
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. c 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. b
Exercise B
1. 我真想一股脑儿不干了，即使付出大的代价也行。
2. 说来奇怪，在下着雪的寒冷的郊区孤单地度过了艰难的第一天后，我发现自己干得还是
挺欢快的，虽说碰上的是几年来最冷、雪下得最多的天气。
3. 那天下午我困在大雪里，却比平日停在该停的地方吆喝叫卖做的生意还要多。
4. 零售的一个方面是定时将固定订户的冰激凌送上门——这种冰激凌一般用作午餐或晚餐
的一道甜点心，或看电视时吃的休闲食品。
5. 我尽量掌握吆喝的分寸，可对于那些不想买冰激凌的人来说， 我的吆喝总嫌太吵，对于
那些需要冰激凌的人来说，我的吆喝又总是太轻了。
Guided Writing
1. 1) disinterested
2) childlike 3) elderly 4) nation
5) resolute
6) small
7) modest
8) historic 9) respectful 10) declined
2. Kid 1: The pay is too low. We workers will get five dollars each. And both of you will collect
hundreds. That isn’t fair.
Kid 2: Five dollars per hour. Otherwise, we’ll quit.
Boss 1: Geez, that’s too much. What do you take us for?
Boss 2: Millionaires, huh?
Kid 2: Millionaire or no millionaire, we don’t care. What we care about is you ought to pay us
reasonably.
Boss 1: You know, besides your wages, we have to pay for the gasoline and buy gifts for our
neighbors who have helped us a lot as you must have seen. That’ll be a lot of money.
Kid 3: We don’t intend to put you in an awkward position. But we do deserve more.
Boss 1: How about, say, one dollar and a half per hour?
Kid 3: Three dollars.
Boss 2: (shakes his head) No.
Kids (almost in chorus) Two dollars, no less.
Bosses (nod to each other) Done！
Unit2
Study & Practice
II. Comprehension of the Text
1. 1) d 2) b 3) d 4) d 5) a 6) c 7) b 8) c
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) bull
2) horse
3) dog
4) dog
5) tiger
6) tiger
7) lioness
8) goose
9) fowl
10) cock
11) duck
2.1) practical 2) scarcity 3) external 4) raise
5) rise
6) waste
7) deficiency 8) minimum 9) draw
10) insufficient 11) reduce
12) freeze
3. 1) fundamental
2) deposited 3) in the form of
4) in good condition/in condition
5) currencies
6) resources 7) lowering
8) conceived
9) Rhythm
10) reserve
11) romantic
12) productivity
13) dependent
14) internal
4. 1) mature
2) reserve
3) deposit (enough money)
4) currency
5) ample
6) fundamental 7) given birth to
8) somewhat
9) an excess
10) expended
11) safeguard
12) conceive
5. 1) drew on/draws on 2) depend on 3) slowing … down 4) put on 5) turn…down
6. 1) The country is trying to be/become less dependent on foreign aid.
2) It amused us to see the actor’s beard fall off.
3) The rhythm of life is made up of a cycle of birth, youth, maturity, and death.
4) Conservation of our mineral resources is highly important because they can never be
replenished.
5) Parking spaces in this city are scarce on Saturdays.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. 1) man-eating
2) earth-shaking
3) body-building
4) labor-saving
5) fact-finding
6) record-breaking
7) tone-setting
8) paper-cutting
2. 1) biochemistry: the science that deals with the chemical processes of living animals and plants;
biological chemistry
2) biocide: any substance poisonous to life
3) bioconversion: the conversion of biological waste, garbage, and plant material into energy,
fertilizer, and other useful products
4) biophysics: the branch of biology which applies the laws of physics to explain the
phenomena of biology
5) ecoactivity: any project or undertaking to combat pollution or improve the quality of the
environment
6) ecocatastrophe: a large-scale or world-wide disaster resulting from uncontrolled use of
pollutants
7) ecocide: the destruction of the earth’s environment or ecology through the uncontrolled use
of pollutants
8) ecospecies: a group of organisms only somewhat fertile with organisms of related groups,
usually considered equivalent to a species
V. Usage
1. All children in that country are
2. all her life/her whole life
3. Whole Indian tribes in the region were killed off.
4. the whole staff/all the staff
5. all the time/the whole time
6. this whole business/all this business
VI. Structure
1. 1) in the case of Tom: he was ill.
2) A case in point is Dujiangyan, which was built about 2000 years ago.
3) in the case of my two college sons, they try to live on their parents as long as possible.
4) A case in point is the successful launching of space shuttles.
5) A case in point is the chimp, who can learn to paint like a small child.
2. 1) He does not lend his books to everybody.
2) She is not always so cooperative.
3) Not all his stories make interesting reading.
4) This plant is not to be found everywhere.
5) The exhibits are not all of them worth looking at.
VII. Cloze
1. 1) go round
2) romantic
3) fundamental
4) dependent
5) resources
6) abundant
7) deposited
8) scarce
9) slowing down
10) pull through
11) draw on
12) in good condition
13) give birth to
2. 1) with
2) on
3) future
4) as
5) to
6) cycles
7) rhythms 8) from
9) body
10) other 11) studying 12) over
13) that
14) effects 15) direction 16) take
17) one
VIII. Translation
1. Bill is a mature young man who is no longer dependent on his parents for decisions.
2. There are abundant supplies of meat in this region, but fresh fruit and vegetables are scarce.
3. Drawing on the wisdom of the workers, the engineers invented a new production method that
led to increased productivity.
4. He spent a lot of time preparing for his math exam. Hence he was somewhat disappointed to
learn that he got only a B.
5. We have ample time for a leisurely lunch.
6. The local government had to draw on its grain reserves and take other emergency measures so
as to pull through the food crisis.
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. F
Exercise B
1. 一对美洲知更鸟在一家后院筑巢孵下两窝雏鸟，一窝四只。本来是两只鸟，现在成了十
只鸟。
2. 动植物都能活到不能再繁殖的年龄， 但往往等不到老年，疾病、暴风雨以及对危险的迟
缓反应就已经使许多个体的生命消亡。
3. 食草动物没有草不能生存，食肉动物没有猎物就不能存活，植物没有某些基本的化学物
质或某种土壤就不能生存。
4. 从理论来讲，如果我们把全部庄稼都犁入土中做肥料，那么我们只需再补上极少数由于
水和风而从土壤中流失的化学物质就可以了，但那样的话，我们就不会有任何赖以生存的粮
食了。
5. 人们所能看到的布满化石的岩石，看似寻常，却是千百万年来断断续续发生一系列事件
演变的结果。
Guided Writing
1. Deer survive the hard winter by various means.
2.
The modern world gets most of its energy needs from coal, oil and natural gas. These
sources have one thing in common: once they have been taken from the depths of the earth, they
can never be replaced. Naturally, their reserves tend to be on the decrease. However, as economies
develop, the world demand for energy is growing enormously day by day. It is quite obvious,
therefore, that we are threatened with the approach of energy crisis.
What, then, can we do to prevent energy crisis? The answer lies partly in practicing
conservation of resources. Large amounts of energy are being wasted in all sections of the modern
society so that the present major energy sources will be used up much sooner than expected. If we
heighten our awareness of the urgent need to conserve energy, however, we will be able to make
the sources last a lot longer.
Of course, conservation is not the perfect solution to the energy problem. Eventually, sources
like coal and oil will be exhausted. But there are many other energy sources that can be used in
place of them, such as nuclear power, wind energy and solar energy. Scientists are now doing their
best to develop new sources of energy, which is our hope for the future. We are convinced that so
long as both solutions are applied, energy crisis can be prevented.
Unit 3
Study & Practice
II. Comprehension of the Text
1. 1) b 2) c 3) c 4) a 5) d 6) d 7) b 8) d
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) cited
2) as for
3) exaggerate
4) Statements
5) preface
6) justified
7) horizon
8) authority
9) follow up
10) advanced
11) and so forth
12) threw light on/shed light on 13) pressing
14) burden
2. 1) refuted
2) swallowed
3) predict
4) outlined
5) proof
6) For the sake of
7) advanced
8) cited
9) In a way
10) cast
11) promptly
12) appealed to
3.1) rested on
2) fall back on
3) appeal to
4) followed
5) up
6) was straying from
7) aimed at
8) bring out
4. 1) If the door was not opened by force, it follows that the burglar had a key
2) Children tend to be credulous because they have not had much experience in the real world.
3) The information the police had just obtained threw light on the mystery of the stolen
antiques.
4) The three-month military training may well work a change in his living habits.
5) If this is the case, he is fully justified in blaming her.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. anklet: a band worn around the ankle
brooklet: a little brook
starlet: a little star
streamlet: a little stream
2. 1) forecasts
2) forefathers
3) foresight
4) foregoing
5) forerunner
6) forecast/foretell
3. 1) sun solar
2) dental 3) mental 4) paternal maternal
5) moon lunar
6) annual
7) night nocturnal 8) aural
9) fraternal 10) eye/ocular
V. Usage
1. John won’t like it but Jack will.
2. She was poor but honest.
3. I’ve explained more than once and I’m not going to again.
4. Is it a color or black and white film?
5. Having washed and changed, Linda went out on to the verandah.
6. His aunt and uncle had to work long hours to keep body and soul together.
7. Do you want to buy seats in the orchestra or the balcony?
8. I should have lent her the money and helped her out of the difficulty.
9. Joe hid his face behind his newspaper lest he should have to speak to acquaintances and
expose his uneasiness.
10. When Sarah was finally reunited with her children at the airport they kissed and hugged
each other.
VI. Structure
1. 1) Because he is good, it doesn’t follow that he is bright.
2) Just because she failed the exam, it doesn’t follow that she has no brains.
3) Joan has been to France many a time, but it doesn’t follow that she has obtained a good
command of French.
4) It’s true that Ben’s got a better job, but it doesn’t follow that he’ll be paid more.
2. 1) I’m sure Jim will come if asked.
2) No artistic creation can achieve greatness if divorced from life.
3) This hotel, if not well managed, will yield little profit.
4) Joe was shocked to learn that his illness could result in total blindness if left untreated.
3. 1) To her horror, Mrs. Pride saw her neighbour killed in broad daylight.
2) To our amazement, we heard the 70-year-old man had beaten the young athlete in the match.
3) To his surprise, Ted found that his learned cousin knew very little about the subject.
4) To her great relief, Mrs. Dane found her husband unhurt in the traffic accident.
5) To my deep regret, I won’t be able to attend the ceremony.
6) To their dismay, the travellers found that the bridge had been washed away.
VII. Cloze
1. 1) starts off 2) superstitious 3) promptly 4) exaggerates 5) fall back on
6) authorities
7) aim at
8) outlines
9) throwing light on 10) rests on 11) credulous 12) burden
2.1) where
2) by
3) you
4) don’t
5) come
6) That’s
7) change
8) over
9) even
10) reason
11) understate
12) someone
13) task/thing 14) way
15) no
16) much
17) no
18) position
19) those
20) can
21) an
22) little
23) on
24) hope
VIII. Translation
1. In the preface to one of his plays, Bernard Shaw advances the idea that people are more
superstitious today than they were in the Middle Ages.
2. After her husband died, she had to bear the severe financial burden of raising five children by
herself.
3. One of the best ways to prove or refute a point is to cite examples from your own experience.
4. Hunt’s statement that Betty always exaggerates his faults may well lead to a quarrel.
5. I trusted her so much that I would have swallowed any story she told me.
6. When the family gathered to discuss matters of finance, Father started off by saying that it was
absolutely necessary to set aside some money each month, for in an emergency we could fall back
on our savings.
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F
Exercise B
1. b 2. d 3. a 4. a 5. d 6. c 7. d 8. b 9. a 10. b
Exercise C
1. 如今科学备受尊重，原因之一在于，人们心目中科学家的形象是一个认真收集数据资料、
不带偏见地寻找真理的人。
2. 但科学家们早就承认“欺诈因素”的存在——许多科学家往往对数据进行于己有利的处
理，以获得想要的结果。
3. 古尔德发现，莫顿是通过剔除对己不利的数据，采用不正确的程序，造成简单的计算错
误， （差错的结果总是对其有利），以及更改标准，——这种更改同样总是有利于其观点
——等等做法，而获得其结论的。
4. 孤立地看，这一发现不会令人特别不安。
5. 古尔德从他对莫顿的研究中引出的教训，并不是说科学家是邪恶的， 而是说他们也是和
我们一样的人，因此同样应该受到人们的质疑。
Guided Writing
1. 1) food, fruit, apple, McIntosh
2) vehicle, automobile, Ford
3) communicate, talk, chat
4) clothes, winter wear, overcoats
5) universe, galaxy, solar system, Mars
6) digging for coal in a mine a mile below the surface
7) strolling down the avenue
8) a small flat nose
9) my brother’s room, with sweaters, underwear, books, and toys strewn (scattered)
everywhere
2.
It is generally accepted that theory is based on practice. Galileo, for example, based his
studies of natural laws on experimentation and observation. It was by observation that he proved
the theory that the sun is the center of the solar system. Likewise, Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s
theory concerning the building of socialism with distinctive Chinese features has been established
on the basis of revolutionary practice in China today. Beyond doubt, there can be no scientific
theory without practice.
It is also certain that theory, in turn, serves practice. For instance, astronomers apply
theories about the heavenly bodies to foretell eclipses and suchlike. Another case in point is, again,
Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s theory, which guides the Chinese people on their way to building a
prosperous and powerful socialist society. Practice without theory as its guide is like a ship sailing
into a port without a pilot. The consequences can be disastrous.
In view of the above, we can safely conclude that it is highly important to combine theory
with practice in our work. We must never ignore one in favor of the other.
Unit 4
Study & Practice
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) herd 2) treading 3) in the rear
4) joking 5) communication 6) make it
7) wave 8) was fumbling/fumbled
9) make sense of 10) is blessed
11) abort 12) enormously
2. 1) communication 2) abort
3) on business
4) collided with
5) cancel
6) precisely
7) make sense of 8) curse
9) bluffing
10) mission
3. 1) poked through
2) lay around
3) settle for
4) fumbled with
5) hang up
6) sank in
7) was packing up
8) blow up
9) got in
4. 1) The news of the President’s assassination had only just begun to sink in.
2) Only a few people have made it to the top of the mountain in winter - and one died on the
way down.
3) Like a deflated balloon, all my confidence deserted me when I walked into the exam room.
4) Mr. Heywood is leaving his wholesale business in Mr. Brown’s hands.
5) The priest said to the couple, “May God bless you.”
V. Usage
1. 1) Both (of) their homes
2) both of my arrest and my subsequent fate in court
3) both of your lungs
4) were both overseas
5) us both/both of us
6) both naughty and rude
7) both
8) would both work
VI. Structure
1. 1) Her one clear thought was that, whatever he said, she would not be convinced by him.
2) They ran, picking up whatever weapons came to hand.
3) Whatever happens, the only certainty is that our determination to unify our motherland will
never change.
4) There’s something fishy about him which inclines me to distrust whatever he says.
5) Whatever price you ask, he is willing to pay.
6) Lawyers must be prepared to undergo scrutiny and be held accountable for whatever they do.
2. 1) no more than a basic education
2) no more than two days of labor to build
3) no more than Phil’s personal journal
4) not more than thirteen or fourteen
5) not more than half an hour’s drive away
6) no more than he deserves
VII. Cloze
1. 1) waved
2) on business 3) cancelled 4) blow up 5) Cursing 6) in his own hands
7) bluffing 8) hanging up 9) make sense of 10) mission 11) enormously 12) blessed
2.1) talking
2) known
3) on
4) member
5) way
6) drawn
7) that
8) watch
9) early
10) at
11) How
12) What
13) to
14) what
15) however
16) until
17) own
18) never
19) never
20) as
VIII. Dictation
At 9:03 I arrive home to find my wife, Katina, staring in shock at the television. Another plane
has just gone into the south tower.
The second crash leaves no doubt that we have been attacked, so many thoughts begin to flow
through my mind. This is no accident. As every American must be doing at this moment, I wonder:
Who would do this? This is not as simple an act as parking a truck loaded with 7000 pounds of
fertilizing chemicals in front of a federal building in Oklahoma City. No, this could only have
been the result of the carefully plotted efforts of a group, and it would have to have been
supported by a government or some organization with very big money. And people would have to
have been willing to effect their own deaths. But where are they from? Just one place that I know
of. Only the terrorists of the Middle East would do this. They had tried before, in February 1993,
and now they have come back to try again.
IX. Translation
Sometimes bad luck seems to follow you everywhere. Take, for instance, what happened to
me not long ago. One day I drove to a nearby city on business. At a junction I pulled the car to a
halt as the red light was on; however, a black Buick suddenly collided into my car from behind. I
was slightly injured. Wild with anger I cursed and got out only to find that the woman driver of
the other car appeared to have been knocked unconscious and her young child, who was sitting in
the rear of the car, was hurt, too. I had to fumble in my pockets for my mobile phone and call the
police. In a few minutes a police car came and rushed the lady and her child to hospital. I was,
however, asked to stay where I was. In fact, I didn’t leave the scene until two hours later although
I was not to blame at all. By the time I got home all my energy seemed to have deserted me. As to
the business trip, I had to cancel it. As a result, my work suffered enormously. Up to now, I still
can’t make sense of the accident.
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. d 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. b 6. a 7. b 8. a
Exercise B
1. 她终于在四楼停下脚步，她一步也走不动了，她也不愿再走一步了。
2. 他给她饮料，她谢绝了，表现得勇敢而又坚毅。
3. 他们很少知道，一旦发现居然还有人能从这场灾难中活过来时， 消防员们会是多么高兴
啊。他们很少知道，人们正在拼命地搜寻他们，这对于所有有关的人——那些失踪的人们以
及那些拼命地在寻找他们的人——来说，都是万分紧迫的事。
4. 结果，如同在 93 航班发生悲剧那样，手机发挥了作用，这次的情况是，巴特勒由于电
话系统乱糟糟无法接通消防站，便拨通了他的妻子。
5. 他们认为，正是由于约瑟芬坚持要他们待在那个地点，那个整个世贸中心被夷为平地后
唯一残存尚未倒塌的地方，那个她视作神圣的处所，她拯救了他们的生命。
Guided Writing
1. 1) Paper Two.
2) Paper Two has more specific details and is therefore more vivid and interesting.
3) Paper One contains very few specific details if any.
2.
How to Win the War against Terrorism
Few can doubt the harm terrorism produces. News of death and suffering caused by terrorist
attacks on innocent people going about their everyday lives is far too common. What can bring
one human to behave with such cruelty towards another? Some terrorists may claim that the
injustice their group has suffered is so great that any means are justified. They may argue that
those stronger than them have used force against their people and that terror is the only weapon
left to the weak. Yet such arguments only lead to the ruin of more innocent lives. Two wrongs do
not make a right.
What can be done to solve the problem? One tactic must be better protection through
increased security, making attacks easier to uncover and prevent. Another is to attack the root
cause of terrorism, the sources of injustice that fuel its support. Neither task is easy.
Unit 5
Study & Practice
II. Comprehension of the Text
1. 1) c 2) d 3) c 4) b 5) b 6) a 7) d 8) d
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) in… eyes
2) brutal
3) promote
4) Contrary to
5) Corruption
6) betrayed
7) brings…to a close 8) risked
9) in the long run 10) distorted
11) utters
12) At times
2. 1) tolerate
2) went to great lengths
3) was rendered
4) in the eyes of
5) concealed
6) refrain from
7) concerning
8) injure
9) slip into
10) professional
11) invaded
12) arises
13) took his leave 14) day after day
15) minimize
3. 1) differs from
2) contributing to
3) shelter from
4) go on
5) has slipped into 6) hoping for
7) refrain from
8) pressing for
4. 1) Mr. Park is a strong advocate of free market policies.
2) The new way to treat arthritis provides an alternative to painkillers.
3) Please refrain from using such coarse language when talking to innocent young girls.
4) The shock of her aunt’s death rendered her completely unable to go on working.
5) As she matured politically, she became increasingly sympathetic to the cause of communism.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. 1) imaginary 2) contradiction 3) satisfactory 4) planet
5) arbitrary
6) preparation 7) legendary
8) compulsion
9) secondary
10) honor
2. 1) pitch-black 2) blood-thirsty 3) airtight
4) headstrong
5) bone-dry
6) sky-blue
7) tax-deductible 8) newsworthy 9) drug-resistant 10) class-conscious
V. Usage
1) also 2) too 3) also 4) too 5) as well/too 6) too 7) also 8) as well/ too
VI. Structure
1. 1) contrary to mine
2) contrary to the regulations
3) contrary to what we had expected
4) Contrary to what I thought
5) Contrary to all advice
2. 1) At early dawn the retired professor was seen strolling near where the monument stood.
2) Peter has always been in good health except that he has a slight headache sometimes.
3) I am thinking of how we can improve our study habits.
4) We are still uncertain as to whether Henry is the right person for the job.
5) I have an arrangement with my bank by which they let me use their money and repay them
next month.
VII. Cloze
1. 1) dilemma
2) concealing
3) benefit
4) contrary to
5) grave
6) betrayed
7) concerning
8) in the dark
9) colleagues
10) In the long run
11) consequence
12) deceiving
2. 1) see/regard
2) of
3) attitude
4) difference
5) cure
6) hand
7) Against
8) no
9) expect
10) fact
11) rather
12) do
13) that
14) patients 15) on
16) even
17) profession
18) extent/degree 19) who
20) given
21) doctor/physician 22) not
23) finds
VIII. Translation
1. I am convinced that, contrary to expectations, the so-called informed decision will bring very
grave consequences.
2. It’s true he once deceived you, but he has admitted he has done wrong and apologized. So you
shouldn’t always treat him with suspicion.
3. He had taken a stand on the issue before it was openly debated.
4. In the course of their investigation, they discovered various forms of political corruption and
exposed a number of corrupt officials.
5. Mary’s dilemma was whether to betray her colleagues by telling her boss the truth or to betray
his trust by keeping him in the dark about it.
6. Now, in the first place, what has made you think (led you to think) this program will promote
reforms, and in the second, how do you know these reforms will benefit the whole county?
Reading Activity
1. F 2. O 3. O 4. F 5. O 6. F 7. O 8. F 9. F 10. O
Exercise A
1. F 2. F 3. F
Exercise B
1. d 2. a 3. d 4. d 5. b 6. a 7. a 8. a
Exercise C
1. 那天晚上我曾一支接一支地抽烟，我感到那是致病的原因。
2. 我和妻子缪蕾尔试着戒烟，我们坚持了 8 天。
3. 我又去看了好几次，医生说“活不长了”。
4. 别的癌症可以有一半的存活可能，但这类癌症却不可能。
5. 他说毫无疑问，肺癌与吸烟有关。
Guided Writing
1. Consequently, deceptive practices are likely to affect seriously the entire medical profession.
2.
May 8, 1998
Dear Sir,
I am writing in response to your advertisement in today’s Guangming Daily. I wish very
much to be considered for the position referred to.
I feel that I am competent to perform the duties outlined in your advertisement, for my
education and experience are both in line with the requirements of the job you offer. I am
twenty-five years of age, and a graduate of Fudan University with a bachelor’s degree in business
administration. Since my graduation in 1996, I have held a job as a salesman in a trade company,
where my performance is highly appreciated.
Now I would like to move on to a position that requires more individual responsibility.
Your advertisement indicates to me that the job opening in your company is exactly what I am
looking for. It is the kind of challenge I’d like to meet.
If you feel that I might be qualified for the post, I should welcome an interview any time at
your convenience. Enclosed you will find my résumé and a recent photo of myself.
Yours faithfully,
Zhang Huaping
Unit 6
Study & Practice
II. Comprehension of the Text
1. 1) d 2) c 3) c 4) b 5) a 6) c 7) a 8) b
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) prelude
2) schedule
3) be in the way/get in the way 4) individuals
5) sequence
6) preserve
7) relevant
8) integrate
9) glide
10) inquiry
11) conscious
12) continual
13) Reading between the lines
14) sets of
15) original
2. 1) resumed
2) transferred
3) manufactured
4) loosened
5) invariably
6) set down
7) restrain
8) literally
9) glided
10) magnificent 11) do good to
12) consists ... in
3. 1) have dipped into
2) read through
3) picked up
4) left off
5) has …thought through 6) reaching for
7) tied up
8) was… marked up
9) consisted in/consists in 10) reduced to
4. 1) You mustn’t let your social life get in the way of your studies.)
2) A good director is indispensable for a successful film.
3) Price rise restrains consumer spending.
4) His color is not relevant to whether he can become a good lawyer.
5) Reduce that passage to half the number of words.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. bourgeois: (French) a capitalist
2. café: (French) a coffee house
3. kindergarten: (German) a school or class for children from about 4 to 6 years old
4. shah: (Persian) (the title of) the ruler of Iran
5. solo: (Italian) a piece of music for one voice or instrument
6. tea: (Chinese) the specially treated and dried leaves used for making a hot drink
7. tsar: (Russian) (the title of) the emperor of Russia
8. typhoon: (Chinese) a severe tropical hurricane occurring in the western Pacific or the China
Sea
V. Usage
1. continual 2. continuous
3. continual 4. continuous 5. continual 6. continuous
VI. Structure
1. 1) I can no more play bridge than you.
2) Myron is no more a painter than I am.
3) Such an invalid as Mrs. Long is no more fit to live by herself than a three-year-old would be.
4) I would no more have anything to do with the arrogant young man himself than I would deal
with his rude brothers.
2. 1) so to speak, a member of the family
2) not worth a dot on the map, so to speak
3) so to speak, our King
4) it’s almost a crime, so to speak
3. 1) Wilson will stay to have lunch with us, I expect.
2) The first part is better written than the other parts, don’t you think?
3) This book, I suppose, will give you some idea of what ecology is about.
4) This encyclopedia, you know, is designed chiefly for middle school students.
5) I hurried home to plunge into a book which I have not opened for, I dare say, twenty years.
VII. Cloze
1. 1) read between the lines
2) magnificent
3) preserved
4) dip into
5) transfer
6) think through
7) integrate
8) Setting down
9) underlining
10) relevant
11) glide
12) reach for
2. 1) It
2) reasons
3) reading
4) no
5) speed
6) read
7) slowly
8) in
9) different
10) case
11) but
12) make
13) better
14) as
15) does
16) marking 17) because 18) without
19) marked 20) lending
21) If
22) copy
23) books
24) part
VIII. Translation
1. The vice minister of health has emphasized time and again how important it is to integrate
traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine.
2. In hot weather it is rather difficult to preserve food and keep it fresh and safe to eat. Naturally,
many people prefer not to eat in restaurants during the summer months.</
3. It will do us good to underline the points that the author emphasizes in his book.
4. After days of inquiry the police finally tied up the murder with the case of the recent escape
from prison.
5. I want to persuade them to adopt our plan, because, in the first place, it calls for less funds and,
in the second place, it will not cause environmental pollution.
6. Father bound the celery together with a rope and dipped it in the stream for a while before he
took it to the market for sale.
Reading Activity
Exercise B
1. a 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. c 6. b
Exercise C
1. 可他利用午餐时间去听医务人员举办的讲座。他小心翼翼地装作在演讲厅里做清洁工作，
但却如饥似渴地记住听到的每一个字。
2. 开始学习新的东西，不时有些间歇也会加快学习速度。
3. 但不论是什么原因，分散练习要比连续不停地练习效率高。
4. 学得开心，效率就高；学得很苦，效率就低。
5. 人们通常很快就能学会诸如打高尔夫球或保龄球之类的运动，这主要是因为他们自觉地
密切关注自身的进步。
Guided Writing
1. Furthermore, we may record our thoughts which are the results of active reading. Finally, the
physical act of writing will help retain in our memory the thoughts the author expresses and the
thoughts we have while reading.
2.
As our studying is mostly done through reading, it is self-evident that we should endeavour
to improve our reading comprehension.
The best way you can become a good reader is through practice. You cannot read a few
paragraphs just once in a while and become a fluent reader. You need to read constantly. It is
advisable to carry something to read with you wherever you go. Whenever you have the chance,
take it out and read a paragraph or two. Once you have made reading a habit, your reading is
bound to benefit.
To improve your reading comprehension, you also need to develop certain reading skills.
For example, a poor reader tends to move his eyes from word to word whereas an efficient reader
will move his eyes from thought group to thought group. To pick up speed and fluency, therefore,
you should learn to read in thought groups. Mastering such reading techniques is the key to
effective reading.
Unit 7
Study & Practice
II. Comprehension of the Text
1. 1) b 2) d 3) c 4) d 5) d 6) b 7) b 8) a
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) in answer to
2) Catching sight of
3) impression
4) attractive
5) in the least
6) in the habit of
7) beyond my means 8) in season
9) instant
10) had … taken a hand in/had a hand in
11) thrust
12) flash
13) hospitable
14) assure
15) forbids
2. 1) keep body and soul together 2) at first sight
3) dramatic
4) By all means
5) address
6) are inclined
7) forbidden/would have forbidden 8) retort
9) was obliged to 10) sighed
11) presently
12) tender
3. 1) speak for
2) has cut out
3) believed in/believes in
4) waved… aside
5) left over
6) will come to
7) rested on
8) started up
9) come in
10) passed through 11) went on with
4. 1) We could not very well refuse to help them out when they are deep in trouble.
2) The new house seems at first sight to be very small, but when you walk inside you will
realize it is larger than it looks from the outside.
3) Anne was shown into a well-decorated room. Presently a young man dressed in style came
in from a side door and greeted her with a warm smile.
4) Danny’s girlfriend had a passion for champagne and caviare, but such things were beyond
his means.
5) It is really tragic and I am afraid I just can’t bring myself to talk about it right now.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. 1) pocketful
2) mouthfuls
3) spoonfuls
4) spadeful
5) basketfuls
6) shelfful
7) handful
8) armful
2. 1) televise
2) baby-sit
3) mass-produce
4) window-shop
5) enthusiasm
6) burglar
7) automation
8) dry-cleaning
9) book-keeping
V. Usage
1. 1) close
2) closely
2. 1) freely
2) free
3. 1) hardly
2) hard
4. 1) high
2) highly
3) high
4) highly
5. 1) late
2) lately
6. 1) most
2) most
3) mostly 4) mostly
VI. Structure
1. 1) The bridge over the river is anything but safe.
2) It is known to us all that Eddie is anything but polite.
3) So, as you see, the fight is anything but finished.
4) That project was anything but easy; it took us nearly three months.
5) Tom is thought of as anything but a hero.
2. 1) The day was fairer than was usual at that season.
2) The woman ate far more than was good for her.
3) More middle-aged persons suffer from heart trouble than is generally realised.
4) There were more people present than was expected.
5) We were kept waiting longer than was absolutely necessary.
VII. Cloze
1. 1) caught (sight)of
2) impression
3) attractive
4) bring
5) assuring
6) trifle
7) overlook
8) inclined
9) in
10) mean
11) in the least
12) body and soul
13) revenge
14) inclined
2. 1) over
2) back home
3) don’t
4) have
5) school
6) such
7) while
8) like
9) make
10) much
11) has
12) room
13) anything
14) how
15) about
16) concerned
17) made
18) never
19) since
20) treat
21) adult
22) Those
23) dirty
24) them
VIII. Translation
1. The court’s judgment aroused anger among Mr. Smith’s friends, who believed that he was
innocent.
2. As we passed the expensive restaurant, father hurried us along saying that it was well beyond
our means to have dinner at such a fancy place.
3. A teacher may evaluate and grade an essay on the basis of his general impression rather than on
a detailed analysis.
4. I was inclined to get angry at the puppy for ruining my painting but he was so cute that I could
not help but laugh and pick him up.
5. Edward was in the habit of reciting poems in the room overlooking the sea.
6. Anthony stayed up all night because he just could not make up his mind whether or not to take a
hand in the matter.
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c 6. a 7. c 8. a 9. d 10. d
Exercise B
1. 这爿店根本就不叫惠特尼，但凡是去过棕榈滩的人，都知道我指的是那一家店。
2. 我们在一间整洁有序的小办公室里见到了他，办公室刚能放下一张老式的卷盖式大办公
桌和一把椅子。
3. 她曾恳求他别无玩股票，别玩牌，他向她保证说他不干了，可过不多久他不知不觉又陷
进去而不能自拔。
4. 那意味着——哦，我已记不起她的原话了：变卖房子——房子已经抵押出去了，她说，
让两个女儿辍学，她自己也许不得不找份工作。
5. 这事我再没多想，直到第二天下午，这件事才又重新清晰浮现在我的脑际。
Guided Writing
1. The concluding sentence of the second paragraph: So it seems to describe her as “selfish.”
The concluding sentence of the third paragraph: From this it can be seen that “hypocritical” is
another apt label for the woman.
2.
Sam went to the cinema the other night, but he didn’t enjoy it.
Entering the cinema, Sam thought of taking off his coat. But the cinema turned out to be
very cold and he had to keep his coat on. As there wasn’t much space between the rows, his legs
began to ache shortly after he took his seat. Worse still, he found it difficult to breathe easily.
Looking about, he saw a lot of people were smoking.
At last the film started. To his annoyance, the person in front was wearing such a big hat
that he could hardly see the screen. To top it all, people all around him made a lot of noise, some
telling jokes, others laughing loudly, not to mention a child crying out with pleasure. Needless to
say, Sam missed most of the dialogue. He couldn’t bear to sit out the rest of the film and went out
of the cinema into the cold night in a fury.
Unit 8
Study & Practice
II. Comprehension of the Text
1. 1) b 2) b 3) d 4) c 5) d
6) c 7) b
8) c
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) recreation
2) stabilize
3) At first thought
4) species
5) Manmade
6) simplify
7) has been exposed
8) mobile
9) convenience
10) mind you
11) varies
12) occupation
2. 1) in the open
2) virtually
3) is adjusted
4) on the stroke
5) Artificial
6) entails
7) someday
8) endeavors
9) To a certain extent 10) deprived … of
11) intense
12) geared
3. 1) take up
2) Deprived of
3) derives from
4) get away from
5) protect… from
6) withdrew from
7) be geared to
8) turn… over
4. 1) Living underground, man would not have to adjust to the weather because the temperature
there remains the same and there is no rain, sleet or snow.
2) Though the attitude towards space travel varies from person to person, everyone is
interested in learning about outer space.
3) Though he described the place carefully, I could not visualize it because it was so different
from anything I’d known.
4) Steve is just one of those who derive pleasure from helping others.
5) A puppet regime was established in the 1930s during the Japanese occupation of Northeast
China.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. 1) the science which studies the use of water to produce power
2) any of several chemical compounds of hydrogen and carbon
3) electricity produced from water power
4) a flat-bottomed motor-boat which can move very fast over the surface of water
5) the treatment of diseases by the use of water, usu. water containing special chemical
substances
2. 1) run
2) wear 3) seat
4) manning
5) oiled
6) surface
7) dries 8) bus
9) cycling 10) narrowing 11) braved 12) wants
V. Usage
1. A number of officers were arrested
2. Large amounts of public money are wasted
3. even a small amount of lead is harmful to children’s health
4. large amounts of rotten apples
5. large amounts of pollutants were already discharged
VI. Structure
1. 1) There is little to be said for the strange suggestion.
2) There is something to be said for both sides of this issue.
3) There is plenty to be said for the program laid down some time ago to advance these regions’
industrialization.
4) There are things to be said for the building of a new airport in this locality.
2. 1) Kent was to a certain extent justified in blaming Jane.
2) The western part is to a large extent composed of mountainous country.
3) The temperature dropped to such an extent that the farmers had to cover the seedlings with
plastic sheets.
4) To what extent are you willing to cooperate with us?
VII. Cloze
1. 1) visualize
2) At first thought
3) someday
4) take up
5) Mind you
6) simplify
7) artificial
8) get away from
9) withdrawing
10) exposed to
11) species
12) recreation
2. 1) are
2) as
3) lifetime
4) ocean
5) carrying
6) where
7) make
8) exploring
9) true
10) with
11) in
12) living
13) lack
14) study
15) remain
16) without
17) suit/fit
18) happen
19) blood
20) searching/looking
21) away
22) land
VIII. Translation
1. Someday people need not get away from the city to find peace and quiet. When we withdraw
into underground dwellings, the surface ground now occupied by cities can be turned over to park
and to wilderness for recreation.
2. Not all of the students, mind you, are willing to attend the graduation ceremony so the school
has to require that all graduating students attend the ceremony if they want to receive a diploma.
3. Many of the ideas we have about the role of women in society are derived from feudal times
and are not relevant in today’s society.
4. People today are more mobile than ever before; perhaps this is why mobile phones have
become so common.
5. Virtually every child has dreamed of traveling in space and experiencing what it would be like
to live in a gravity-free environment.
6. Students of our school are encouraged to do independent thinking and not to be restricted by the
teacher’s points of view.
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. d 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. a 6. d 7. b 8. c
Exercise B
1. 下面主要是根据推测展望乘坐航天飞机遨游太空可能出现的情景。
2. 与国家航空和航天局的航天飞机不同，未来的航天客机不是像火箭一样发射升空，而是
像今天的喷气式飞机那样在跑道上水平起飞。
3. 随后，在离地球表面约 130 英里的高度，当飞机速度超过每小时 17，000 英里时，引
擎就会关闭——如果飞机进入围绕地球飞行的轨道并且不再加速的话——你就处于失重状
态了。
4. 你也不太可能找到易碎事物，这同样是因为，没有重力，小碎屑就不会往下掉。
Guided Writing
1. 1) He mopped the floor, cleaned the windows and did other odd jobs.
2) This program can be enjoyed by both the parents and children.
3) The value of a course depends on as much on its inherent as on the practical use you can
put it to.
4) The oral test scores of girls are usually higher than those of boys.
5) My roommate is generous, considerate, and easy to get along with.
6) The teacher has the same interest in good parking facilities as the students.
7) Marie demonstrated an interest in and a talent for writing.
2. Technology has brought immense benefits to humankind. Take a look around and you’ll find
examples too numerous to list. Electric appliances like microwave ovens have rendered our home
life much easier and more enjoyable. Also, if you wish to travel to another city or country, the
airplane will take you there within a matter of hours. What’s more important, the use of advanced
technology has made possible enormous increases in our food production capacity, enabling the
world’s fast-growing population to maintain at least an acceptable standard of living.
On the other hand, however, technology has created problems that may threaten human
existence. A major hazard is pollution. Indisputably, we have little chance to survive while the
land, water and atmosphere are seriously polluted. Furthermore, technology can expose mankind
to such threats as a nuclear war.
Confronted with the two sets of consequences, we must keep a clear head. Personally, it is
important to realize that without technological advance there can be no further progress for human
civilization. At the same time, because of the associated hazards, the use of technology must be
subjected to careful planning and firm social control.
Unit 9
Study & Practice
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) intrigued
5) ignorance
9) concept
2) shallow
6) entity
10) mystery
3) barrier
7) dimensions
11) pursuit
4) enriched
8) grasp
12) unify
13) gets to the root of
14) in all directions
15) collecting her wits/gathering her wits
16) were held prisoner
2. 1) parallel
2) baffled
3) amazing
4) miracles
5) hurled
6) nevertheless
7) resembled
8) dedicate
9) construct
10) next to
11) not ... in the slightest
12) fascinated/ intrigued
13) alien, alien
14) comprehension
3. 1) live out
2) moving around
3) take… in
4) pick out
5) made up
6) tried on
7) consisting… of
8) set out
9) laid out
10) held up
4. 1) Sarah was greatly fascinated by the movie star’s stories of life in Hollywood.
2) Why Jack has been behaving so oddly is beyond our comprehension.
3) In my opinion, adopted children shouldn’t be kept in ignorance about their true origins.
4) Their team hadn’t lost a game the entire season. Nevertheless, we beat them by a huge
margin last night.
5) Professor Armstrong was held in great respect because he dedicated himself wholeheartedly
to the cause of science.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. 1) magnetic
2) cyclical
3) physical
4) genetic
5) mathematical
6) scientific
7) chemical
8) critical
9) scenic
10) atmospheric
2. 1) nonfiction 2) nonprofit
3) Nonresident
4) nonsense
5) non-nuclear
6) nonviolent 7) Non-racist
8) nonexistent
9) non-verbal 10) nonproductive
V. Usage
1. proud that you’ve been chosen for the national basketball team
2. very angry that no one agreed with her opinion on the matter
3. convinced that her brother was still alive
4. most upset that so few people attended the exhibition of paintings
5. anxious that she might be ill with / suffering from cancer
6. not surprised that he broke his promise again
7. felt so relieved that her son’s injuries were only slight
8. disappointed that you couldn’t come to the dinner party
VI. Structure
1. 1) It suddenly struck me that I hadn’t seen Peter all day.
2) It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new plan for increasing production.
3) It struck me that nobody was in favor of the changes in our holiday plan.
4) From what you’ve said, it strikes me that you would be better off working for someone else.
5) At this point, it suddenly struck Sam that he was wasting his time.
2. 1) appears rather unfriendly
2) appeared to be talking to himself
3) It appears to me that
4) appeared confident of victory
5) it appears that Alice is now living in the South of France / Alice appears to be now living in
the South of France
VII. Cloze
1. 1) dedicated
2) mystery
3) construct
4) get to the root of
5) grasp
6) dimensions
7) parallel
8) moving around
9) ignorance
10) barrier
2. 1) after
2) Although
3) and
4) But
5) life
6) smartness
7) conquer/overcome
8) as
9) showing
10) unable
11) heart
12) over
13) enjoying
14) named/called
15) changed
16) for
17) not
18) among
19) for
20) theory
21) like
22) the
23) with
24) did
VIII. Dictation
When Marie was young her family struggled financially. In order to help cover the costs of
her university training, she spent three years in a village teaching the children of a sugar factory
owner. For another two years Marie went on working as a private teacher. Shortly before she
turned 24, Marie calculated she had saved up just enough money for university studies in Paris. In
autumn 1891 a young woman traveled economy-class all the way to Paris. Marie was not as well
prepared as her fellow students. Nevertheless, through hard work she completed master’s degree
in physics and math in only three years. A few years later, Marie began looking for a research
topic that would earn her a doctorate in science. No woman in the world had yet completed that
degree. In 1903 Marie became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and in 1911 the first person to
win a second Nobel prize.
IX. Translation
When my parents took me to America several years ago, everything there felt very alien to
me. Soon after I attended an American high school, I felt desperately lonely because my lack of
competence in English formed a barrier separating my new schoolmates and myself. When my
parents found out why I was in such low spirits, they encouraged me to improve myself in English
and enrich my vocabulary by reading extensively. From then on I spent many hours reading
English books and magazines. I was always intrigued by good mysteries, but what fascinated me
most was stories of outstanding scientists. I remember I was greatly impressed by Albert Einstein
whose ideas profoundly changed mankind’s basic concepts of space, time, matter and energy. And
I found it amazing that Aristotle had written about 400 books on a variety of subjects. Stephen
Hawking is physically disabled and unable to speak; nevertheless, he has made a notable
contribution to science. What a miracle! Brilliant deeds of the great scientists led / prompted me to
make up my mind to dedicate my life to the pursuit of science.
Reading Activity
Exercise A
Words with unfavorable connotative meanings:
unimaginative, cowardly, skinny, fat, gullible, conceited
Exercise B
1. c 2. b 3. b 4. c 5. d 6. d 7. b 8. c
Exercise C
1. 要说所有这许多不同却相似的物种是被一个个单独创造出来的， 这似乎根本不可能。 他
认为唯一的解释是假设它们源自几个最初的物种, 而后在逐渐变化而成。
2. 他注意到，一中南美的鸵鸟可能没能“很好适应，因此消亡” ，而在具有有利特性的品种
身上“也许会产生出许多变种” 。
3. 达尔文马上意识到，“在这种情况下有利的变异往往会保存下来， 而不利的变异往往会
遭到毁灭。这一现象的结果会形成一个新的物种。这样我就有了一种可以从事研究的理论
了。”
4. 他提出了许多含有深刻真理的想法，就连泛生论等广受批评的一些看法也是如此。在泛
生论中他把遗传的机理归于他叫作“小芽”的身体实体，而这些实体被认为与身体的各部分都
有联系。
5. 他探索的范围之广令人惊讶，他从不引人注目的细节中得出重要理论的能力无与伦比。
不过，随着时间的推移，人们往往更多地强调他理论中许多模糊不清之处，其实这些模糊的
地方他本人当时也是清楚地意识到了的。
Guided Writing
1. words: … I began to visit libraries and bookstores across the city…
phrases: …this story was far more exciting than any murder mystery and more important than
anything I could imagine.
Clauses: They said that very few people could understand his ideas, but that his discoveries
changed the entire world and everything around us.
Sentences: … I didn’t understand that perhaps there was a link between the carp swimming in
the Tea Garden and the unfinished papers lying on Einstein’s desk. I didn’t understand that
higher dimensions might be the key to solving the unified field theory.
2.
As early as I was a high school student I decided to dedicate myself to medical science.
This important decision in my life had a great deal to do with my uncle’s sudden death.
It was like this: One day when I came home from school I was shocked to hear my aunt
crying with deep grief. Upon inquiry I learned that my uncle, who had been ill with hypertension
for years, died of cerebral haemorrhage that very afternoon. While mourning my uncle’s passing I
recalled that hypertension was also the root cause of my grandfather’s death and my father was
afflicted with the same illness. Obviously it is mostly a hereditary disease, able to be passed on
through the genes of a parent to a child. So there is a chance I may suffer from it too.
As time went on, I uncovered more about hypertension. For one thing, at present it is
impossible to effect a permanent cure of the disease. For another, it causes thousands upon
thousands of deaths every year. It became clear to me that we got to find ways to make the
incurable disease curable and save millions of lives. A likely victim of the disease, I made up my
mind that one day I would join hands with the scientists in trying to solve this knotty medical
problem.
Unit 10
Study & Practice
II. Comprehension of the Text
1. 1) b 2) a 3) d 4) c 5) a 6) b 7) c 8) d
III. Vocabulary Activities
1. 1) renewed
5) identity
9) status
13) complaint
2. 1) unique
2) focus
6) necessity
10) capacity
14) absence
2) On the whole
3) took pride in
7) in particular
11) contribution
15) healed
3) significant
4) exert
8) potential
12) envied
4) staff, staff
5) Aside from
6) inherent in
7) crucial
8) aspect
9) reflected
10) demonstrated
11) focus
12) harmful
3. 1) had longed for
2) stand aside
3) adjusted to
4) store up
5) fend for
6) derives from
7) belongs to
8) worked off
9) been associated with
4. 1) At work the ability to get along with others plays a vital role.
2) It was the way he said it rather than what he said that upset her.
3) All right, you have made the point; there is no need to go on about it.
4) Aside from her parents, Margaret did not have any relatives left after the war.
5) It is crucial to the development of every country for the government to get full support from
its people and maintain the stability of the country.
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1. 1) homelike
2) doglike
3) statesmanlike
4) sportsmanlike
5) businesslike
6) lifelike
7) springlike
8) childlike
2. 1) international
2) interplanetary
3) interview
4) intercontinental
5) interplay
6) intermarriage
3. 1) the examination of a person’s mind to discover the unconscious desires, fears, anxieties
which produce certain mental and emotional disorders
2) an expert in psychology
3) of the mind, or of psychology
4) the branch of psychology that deals with the physical relations of mental phenomena
5) brain surgery used in the treatment of certain severe mental illnesses
V. Usage
1. can now be cured
2. were completely cured of their symptoms
3. heal quickly
4. was being treated for brain injury
5. should be regularly treated for them
6. healing the sick
VI. Structure
1. 1) Rather than travel by air, I’d prefer to spend a week on an ocean liner.
2) The minister rather than the trade union is responsible for the present impasse.
3) The luggage is two pounds over the allowance. So Bill decided to leave a couple of clothing
articles behind rather than pay the extra charge.</
4) I’d rather stay in a motel than in an expensive hotel.
5) Mr. Partridge resigned rather than get himself involved in the dirty dealings.
2. 1) was used to/is used to
2) Didn’t … use to
3) is not used to
4) didn’t use to
5) am used to
3. 1) Mrs. Austin won’t leave the TV set, even though her children are waiting for their supper.
2) Even if he had been present at the meeting, I would have said the same thing.
3) Emily dislikes the job, even though it’s well paid.
4) I will not change my mind, even if still greater pressure is exerted on me.
VII. Cloze
1. 1) associate … with
2) in particular
3) Aside from
4) financial
5) healed
6) reverse
7) unemployment
8) harmful
9) work off
10) status
11) symptoms
12) acute
13) at work
14) staff
15) institution
16) rather than
2. 1) in
2) perform/do
3) own
4) as
5) itself
6) who
7) difference
8) mental
9) worker
10) laborer
11) attitude
12) means
13) likely
14) from
15) fewer
16) rest/play
17) What
18) workers
19) grow/get
VIII. Translation
1. The absence of the crucial witness was likely to weaken the case against the defendant.
2. To prepare us for the debate, the coach wanted us to be always aware of arguments that are
quite the reverse of ours.
3. Above all you are expected to demonstrate a potential to motivate and lead the team.
4. A doctor often prides himself on the ability to cure his patient of a rare disease.
5. If books are not returned to the library on time or not renewed before they are due, a fine must
be paid in accordance with the regulations.
6. On the whole, few people do not complain about their jobs. On the other hand, they would be
very unhappy if they got no chance to work.
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. d 2. c 3. b 4. a
1. “Work” is a neutral word, while “drudgery” has a negative connotation.
2. “Rare” is often used in a connotative meaning to describe something precious or marvelous,
such as “rare skills” in the reading passage. “Scarce”, on the other hand, has an unfavorable
connotation.
3. The word “idle” often has a negative connotation.
4. “Admire” is a general word, While “envy” carries more or less the implication of a selfish
desire to have something possessed by another.
Exercise B
1. a 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. d 6. d 7. c 8. b
Exercise C
1. 然而，我却认为只要工作量不是过大，对大多数人而言即使是最乏味的工作也比无所事
事好受些。
2. 如果人们能够根据自己的选择自行安排时间，大多数人会茫然无措，想不出什么称心如
意的事值得一做。
3. 除了那些具有非凡的主动精神的人，人们肯定乐于听从别人吩咐自己何时该干何事，只
要这些吩咐不过分令人不愉快。
4. 因此，工作可取之处首先就在于它能防止无聊，因此，一个人在从事虽然乏味但是必要
的工作时所感到的厌倦，与他终日无所事事而感到的无聊相比，就算不得什么了。
5. 无论所从事工作多么单调乏味，只要它有助于自己在社会上，或仅仅在个人小圈子里树
立声誉，那也是可以忍受的。
Guided Writing
1. The two arguments in the second paragraph:
Firstly, human beings longs for a sense of being accomplished.
Secondly, people take pride in being part of an accomplished work team.
2.
Some people think that health is essential to happiness. Others believe wealth makes
them happy. Still others of a strong intellectual turn of mind look upon wisdom as the source
of happiness.
In a way, they all have a point. However, health, wealth and wisdom are not gifts
dropped from the heaven, but rewards of your own efforts. For instance, you have to work very
hard in order to earn your share of money. Indeed, it is work that helps make us healthy, wealthy
and wise. True happiness, to my mind, comes first and last from hard work.
We derive great satisfaction from our work also because work constitutes a
contribution to the modernization effort. As masters of our country, we feel duty bound to do our
bit for socialist construction and take pride in the fact that our joint efforts are bringing prosperity
to our motherland. And then again, we are eager to become more knowledgeable about and
efficient in our lines of work. Work, more than anything else, provides us with the much-desired
opportunity to learn and improve ourselves.