UNIV 1212: Critical Thinking and Problem Solving
Critical thinking and problem solving
Assignment 2
Textbook Chapter Analysis
Claims propositions
Albatool AlSuwaiket 201200190
Nuha Alghamdi 200900831
ALbandri Almansouri 201200074
Refaah Al-dhawi
202
FALL 2013 - 2014
chapter four : claims propositions
Introduction
An Argument is a connected series of statement , in which a claim is
made support is offered for it, and there is an attempt to influence
someone in a context of disagreement we use claims and proposition
to serve the important function in arguments as they help define and
focus the direction of debate or discussion. They supported by
reasoning and evidence and concentrate on issue, different
arguments and each of those arguments have a claims. Any one who
advances a claims should be able to explain why if needs to be
justified. and supported. Arguers should also avoid multiple
meanings and statements that introduce multiple issues to
understand the results of the argumentation.
The connection between criticale thinking and communicate
there have been many definitions of critical thinking , it may defined
as a process by which we use our knowledge and intelligence to
effectively arrive out the most reasonable and justifiable positions on
issue to identify and overcome the numerous hind rences to rational
thinking communication and critical thinking are connected in many
important ways on a basic level , the ability to think critically, reason
through a problem and develop a cogent argument or explanation , is
important for all types of daily communication people with the
capability to really think about an issue and see it from different
perspective will then most likely be better communicators and be
less likely to react quickly in anger .on another level , critical thinking
often examine the way that other people are thinking and making
their arguments before they choose to respond themselves . This
type of analysis is anther very important aspect of the
communication between communicators.
what is the importance of claims and propositions in
argumentation?
we always use claimes and propositions in our arguments and both
of them are important in arguments because they focus the
direction of a discussion or debate , so we should know clearly each
of them. Argument
Claims are defined as the end points of an individual arguments and
they are supported by reasoning and evidence and it concentrate on
single issue.
proposition are the main claims that serve as the principal claims of
anextended argument. We can also say that proposition are type
of claim. They are the primary point that made by the arguer and
they focus on the field of the discussion . Claims and propositions are
focus arguer's attention and imply the issues that need to be decided
if you advance a claim you should be able to explain why it needs to
be justified and supported and which is likely to be disagreement.
Also in participation arguments people need to be clear. They want to
know what is the issues and the requires to resolve them
Concepts in claims and propositions:
There are many different concepts in our chapter and we will talk
about five concepts from it, first concept is proposition and they are
the main claims that serve as the principal claims of an extended
argument. Proposition are type of claim and they are focus the field
of discussion. They give us a definition about issues that are ready to
argue. For example, Nick and Eve, talk about p2p file sharing, the
topic area serves as a propositions. It includes some issues what is
legal what protection exist and it includes other issues-shoud they go
out for pizza ? propositions, by their nature include some issues and
exclude others.
The second concept is issues and they are different as the various
points of potential disagreement related to a propositions and they
are very important to developed the arguments.
The third concept is propositions arenas and it is the ground for
dispute and includes all the issues for controversy within a given
proposition . A, B, C, D and E are examples of irrelevant issues that
should be excluded from the discussion might be:
A= should they go to the restaurant?
B= there is no good music being product any way.
C= should we have health care reform?
D=this is a dumb topic for debate.
E= what do you want to do tomorrow?
The fourth concept is the balance and it is the requirement that the
issues for and against a proposition be included equally in the
propositional Field . A discussion of an issue can result only when the
topic of discussion is stated in a form with parties comfortable we
have an example for balance horse races one of the biggest field to
waste money funds invested in horses, race should be significantly
reduced, the fifth concept is factual claims a factual claims make
inferences about past, present or future, condition or relationships, if
we have a relationship already known in functions as evidence using
to start argument.
Here an example for a to friend:
Dana: I’m talking about going to movies.
Amanda: me too, is there any thing good is showing now?
Danna: I don’t know. I heard that “I am legend squeal” was pretty
good.
Amanda: ok, let watch it then
Danna: ok let’s go.
There is no specific proposition started or agreed on the proposition
is “ lets go” it didn’t exist proposition before Danna and Amanda
began talking. The proposition and stature can be deceiving when the
analyst fails to consider how claims and proposition in the complete
argument in the case we find some of one chapter concept like
proposition, issue, propositions arence and balance.
Conclusion:
Claims and proposition are serve important argument function and
we can classified claims to three continua : type, expression and
emergence. Each type of claim use to identify the issues that claims
implies . If an arguer attempts to influence some one, he must make a
claim with good reasons to prove his issue.
Refrencess:
I.nchn and uarnick, critical thinking and communication
B.miller,(2003).conccection.between communication and critical
thinking.
http://bloghilsoply.blogspot.com/2007/06
proposition.and argument.html.tt