New college English
Unit Eight
I Preparation
III Further Development
II Reading Activities
IV Translation & Writing
Part I
Preparation
1. Group Discussion
---- What Contributes Most to a Long
and Happy Marriage?
Activity 1 Group Discussion
—What contributes most to a long and happy marriage?
Directions: Work in groups to put the following elements in order according
to their importance in making a long and happy marriage. Explain your
answer to your group.
1)
Physical attraction
2)
Similar sense of humor
3)
Abilities to go through bad times together
4)
Similar interests
5)
Being able to talk to each other
6)
Similar social background
7)
Having enough money
8)
Being in love
Sample Answer 1
I think being in love is the most important factor. If you don’t
love each other, you won’t have a long and happy marriage
even if you have a lot of money. I don’t think it is love when
you are together only because of physical attraction. Similar
sense of humor, similar interests and being able to talk to each
other are not enough to make a happy marriage. They are only
enough to make good friends.
Sample Answer 2
I believe that abilities to go through bad times together are
most important. Being in love is too abstract. You know you
are in love today, but who knows what will happen
tomorrow. Life is not always full of flowers and songs. There
must be hardships, too. Only during bad times can you find
out who really loves you.
Part II
Reading Activities
1. Pre-reading Questions
2. Text Organization
3. Sentence Study
4. Words & Phrases
A True Love Story
Pre-reading Questions
Discuss the following questions in pairs.
1) Do you have pen pals? Do you think having pen pals is
a good idea?
2) What do you write about with your pen pals or what do
you think people write about with their pen pals?
Sample Answer1
Yes, I have pen pals. I think having pen pals will do us good.
In the first place, it gives us a chance to practice our Chinese or
English. In the second place, you can write about almost anything
to your pen pal. Because pen pals are usually far away from your
life circle, you feel at ease to let them know everything that
happens to you. You can tell them the secrets that you don’t want
to share with your classmates or roommates.
We usually write about our lives, especially about our studies.
We also write about our dreams, such as what we want to do in
the future. We also let each other know what is troubling us and
ask each other for advice.
Sample Answer2
No, I don’t have any online pal. I don’t think it’s
necessary to have them. For one thing, it’s a waste of
time to talk to the strangers online. If you have any
trouble, you may talk with your classmates. This saves
more time than talking online. For another, online pals
are far away from you, they don’t share the same
experiences with you. What you talk by enthusiastically
hitting the keyboard of your PC may mean nothing to
them. They won’t be as interested in the thing as you
are. Moreover, quite a few so-called online pals could
not be completely trusted since the cyberspace is,
to some extent, full of deceit.
A True Love Story
Text Organization
Para. 1
One of the most famous love stories in history.
Para. 2-3
Their lives before they knew each other.
Para. 4-6
How they met and fell in love with each other.
Para. 7
Their life together.
Sentence Study
1. This love story is famous for its purity, its poetry, and its
passion. (Line 3)
He studied Greek, read a great deal, and wrote poetry at a
very young age. （Line 24）
【语法】
【注意】被连接的词应该是同类词或同类成分。如：
名词对名词，副词对副词，分词对分词。不能把其
中一个概念用一种词类或语法成分表达，而另外一
个或几个概念用其他词类或语法成分表达。
The patient’s symptoms were fever, dizziness, and his head hurt.(误)
The patient’s symptoms were fever, dizziness, and headache.(正)
They are looking for a house that has four bedrooms and sitting
on a hillside.(误)
They are looking for a house that has four bedrooms and that
sits on a hillside.(正)
Sentence Study
2.
But most of all, it is famous because their romance took
place primarily by mail. (Line 4)
【句型】
most of all … “最主要的”
常用于句首，或作插入语。
相似的表达还有：first of all
Most of all, we can transform technology into productivity
as quickly as possible.
Sentence Study
3.
He was so surprised and pleased that he decided to write her
a letter. (Line 33)
【语法】
【对比】so that 和 so … that
so that 连在一起，往往引导目的状语从句，
可译为“以便，为的是”。
【例句】
His heart beat so fast that he could hardly breathe.
Sentence Study
4. A week later, without telling Elizabeth’s father, the happy
couple eloped to Italy. (Line 55)
【句型】
without telling 这一介词短语在句中作条件状
语，表示“在没有告知······的情况下”。用介
词短语作状语，可以使句子简洁明了。
【例句】
How can you leave me so quickly without saying goodbye?
Words & Phrases
1.
passion (Line 4, Para. 1)
n. a strong, deep, often uncontrollable feeling
强烈的感情，激情
【例句】
His passion for collecting ancient coins made him blind
to everything else.
Words & Phrases
2. admire (Line 21, Para. 2)
vt. look at with pleasure or satisfaction; have a
high regard for 赞赏；钦佩；羡慕
名词形式：admiration
【例句】
Both colleagues and fans admire the working capacity of Mr.
Chen Zhonghe,the head coach of Chinese women’s volleyball
team, very much.
Words & Phrases
3. struggle (Line 27, Para. 3)
vi. fight; make great efforts
抗争；奋斗；斗争；努力；挣扎
n. struggling; contest 斗争；奋斗
【例句】
We should struggle for the realization of
the peaceful reunification across the Taiwan Straits.
Words & Phrases
4. correspondence (Line 37, Para. 5)
n. 1) the act of exchanging letters 通信，通信联系
2) agreement, similarity 符合，一致；相称
【例句】
“Tell It Like It Is”, a popular talk show program of CCTV,
has a great deal of correspondence from audience to deal
with every day.
Words & Phrases
5. intellectually (Line 42, Para. 5)
adv. from a rational, not an emotional point of view; in a way
that needs serious thought 智力方面，思维方面
intellectual adj. of or relating to the intellect; rational
智力的；需用智慧的
【例句】
Intellectually speaking, the incident is very stimulating.
Words & Phrases
6. ceremony (Line 54, Para. 7)
n. 典礼，仪式
【例句】
The grand wedding (marriage) ceremony between Diana Spencer
and Charles, the prince of Wales,in 1981 left people with an
unforgettable impression.
Part III
Further Development
Group Work
------Net Romance
Group Work
Net Romance
Directions: Read the following description of a real situation carefully.
Jane is an 18-year-old college student. She often chats on the Internet
when she has time. She came across Jerry in a chat room. They
arranged to talk once or twice a week. In the beginning, their talk was
formal and impersonal. They discussed their life and dreams. Jerry
said that he was 24 and worked for a computer company. Jane found
that she had a lot in common with Jerry. Slowly, their talk became
more personal. One day, Jerry asked for Jane’s picture and said that
he loved her. He said he would come to meet with Jane.
Group Work
Net Romance
Work in groups and discuss the following questions.
1)
Could Jane trust Jerry and send him her picture?
2)
Should Jane meet Jerry?
3)
What do you think of net romance?
Sample Answer1
 You can never trust anyone on the Internet. I never chatted
online. I think it is simply a waste of time. You can ger
much more out of talking with people around you. People
often lie online because they think they will never be found
out. Of course Jane shouldn’t send Jerry her picture, let
alone meet with him. He says he is 24 and works for a
computer company. He might be 42 and rob banks for a
living. It is too dangerous.
Sample Answer 2
 Yes and No. Yes, I think Jane should send Jerry
her picture. No, I don’t think she should meet with
him, at least not at this point. She could send him a
picture and ask for his so that they will know more
about each other. If they really love each other
after that, they could arrange to meet.But if I were
Jane, I would ask some of my friends to go with
me.
Part IV Translation & Writing
1. Translation Skills
2. Writing Practice
Translation Skills
词义增补（2）— 其他词类增添
Translation Skills
英汉两种语言，由于表达方式和语言结构的差异，翻
译时既可能要将词类加以转换，又可能要在词量上加
以增减。词义增补就是在翻译时按意义和句法上的需
要在原文的基础上添加一些必要的词，使译文更加流
畅，自然，它是译者有效处理译文的一种必要手段.
在英译汉的过程中，译者应该在必要时按意义上（或
修辞上）和句法上的需要增加一些词来更忠实通顺地
表达原文的思想内容。当然这里所说的增词不是无中
生有地随意增词，而是增加原文中虽无其词而有其意
的一些词。根据意义上或修辞上的需要，如何增加形
容词、副词及量词的情况将在这里作重点介绍。
Translation Skills
1. 增加形容词或副词
为了增加译文的可读性，在名词前面可适当地增加形容词，在某些动
词前可增加副词。 例如：
1) “This is grasping at straws, I know,” said the helpless man.
“我知道，这是在抓救命稻草，”他无可奈何地说。
2) With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I
hadn't the time to worry about such trifles.
不出两三个小时会议就要开始，我没有闲工夫为这些琐事操心了。
Translation Skills
2. 增加量词
英语中数词(包括不定冠词)与可数名词往往直接连用，它们之间没有
量词, 而汉语却需要借助量词，因此翻译时应根据汉语表达习惯
恰当地增加表示形状、特征或材料的量词。在英译中的过程中，
增加量词的现象十分普遍，即便在本单元的三篇阅读文章也出现
不少范例。例如:
1) She even put his name in a poem that she wrote.
她甚至把他的名字写进她的一首诗里。
2) He was so surprised and pleased that he decided to write
her a letter.
他惊喜万分，于是决定给她写一封信。
Translation Skills
3) We were going to meet and then drive down South where I've got
a job promised me.
我们本来打算在这里汇合，然后开车到南方去，那里人家答应给我一
份工作。
4) She was wearing a red flower on her suit, but it was not the little
red rose they had agreed upon.
她穿着套装，衣服上佩着一朵红花，但不是他们约好的红玫瑰。
5) She was standing almost directly behind the girl, a woman well
past 40, her graying hair under a worn hat.
她站在那姑娘的身后，几乎紧挨着她。那是一位有四十好几的妇女，
一顶旧帽子遮盖了她的灰发。
Translation Skills
6) A young woman was coming toward him.
一位年轻女子朝他走来。
总之，在实际英汉翻译过程中，增译是非常重要的手段，译者应该掌
握英汉语言词类用法的不同特征，根据语义需要和上下文要求，
添补必要的词汇，使译文更加流畅、通顺。
Writing Practice
Directions:
In A True Love Story, Elizabeth and Robert spent very
little time together before they married. They learned
about each other primarily through their letters. What do
you think of it? Please write a paragraph about your view
on relationships that develop through letters.
Sample writing
Of course it is better to know someone face to face. In A True Love
Story, Elizabeth and Robert spent very little time together before they
married because it was very difficult for them to do so. It was not
because they thought it was a better way to know each other. Even
though you could write to each other and even send each other pictures,
it is still difficult to know a person very well. For example, you won't
know exactly what the person looks like no matter how many pictures
you have. I am always curious myself about what a person looks like.
Besides, writing letters takes a lot of time. Meeting face to face is much
more convenient. What's more, you could see a person's facial
expressions if you meet face to face. In most cases you could tell,
according to his facial expressions, whether he is telling the truth or not.
Of course, writing letters has its advantages. For example, by writing
letters one can express one's feelings more deeply or thoroughly. Letters
are more romantic and poetic than face to face talk.