Hardware Maintenance:
A Review of NFPA 80 and
Success Tips for Security & Fire
Doors
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
Speakers
• Dara Darsow - Security Sales Engineer
– Convergint Technologies
• Steve O'Connell - Fire Sales Engineer
– Convergint Technologies
• Jeff Carlile - Sales Consultant
– Ingersoll Rand Security Technologies
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
1
Agenda
• The design & installation process for electronic
security hardware and doors
• Overview of the requirements of NFPA 80, testing
certification process, rated door labels, and
available resources
• Best practices for testing and maintaining security
and fire doors. Who is responsible for what and
what code applies?
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
Electronic Security Hardware
and Door Design
Dara Darsow
Security Sales Engineer
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Sample Enterprise Architecture
Enterprise
System Server
Video Archive
Server
Building
Automation
Intrusion
Systems
Intercom
System
HR, Active
Directory
etc.
WAN – LAN - Internet
Network Video
Recorder
Digital Video
Client
Credential
Station
Alarm
Monitoring
Biometric
Enrollment
Access Control
Systems
Fire Systems
Finger Print
Enrollment
Voice & Video
Intercom
Badge
Printer
Basic Security Door
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Where to Start?
• What are you trying to protect?
– Assets, information, people
• What level of Security are you looking for?
– Low, medium, high
• Who are you trying to protect it from?
– Internal, external
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
Where to Start?
• Who needs access to it?
– C level execs, Doctors, employees, patients,
public
• When is it vulnerable?
– Always, night,
• Where can you have control?
– Outside, perimeter, elevator, stairwell, roof,
hallway, doorway
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Security Hardware Lines of Responsibility
•
Design Input
– Owner
– Developer
– Property
Manager
– Facilities
– Clinical Staff
– Nursing Staff
– Administrators
– Security
– IT
– Life Safety
Expert
– Emergency
Management
Director
•
To Telecom Closet
Design Vendors
– Architect
– Electrical
Engineer
– GC
– EC
– Door Vendor
– Door Hardware
Vendor
– Security Vendor
– Infant Protection
Vendor
– Fire Alarm
Vendor
– Intercom Vendor
– Interlock Vendor
Security Hardware Lines of Responsibility
•
Door Hardware
– Mechanical
– Stand-Alone
– Door Frames
– Doors
– Hinges
– Mag Locks
– Strikes
– Locksets
– Handles
– Closers
– Mechanical
Exit Devices
– Stand-Alone
Locks
– Biometrics
– ADA
controllers/
pads/buttons
•
To Telecom Closet
Electronic Security
– Electrical
Electronic
– Software
Integration
– Contacts
– Request-to-Exit
(PIR)
– Card Reader
– Biometric Reader
(Integrated)
– Cameras
– Video
– Badging
– Intercom
– Perimeter
Detection
5
REX (Request To Exit) Motion Detector
Door Position Switch
Magnetic Lock
Electronic Hinge
Proximity Reader
Electric Strike
6
REX (Request To Exit) Motion Detector
Door Position Switch
Magnetic Lock
Proximity Reader
Emergency release button
REX (Request To Exit) Motion Detector
Door Forced/Held Open Siren
Magnetic Lock
Door Position Switch
Video/Intercom integration
Proximity Reader
Emergency release button
Key switch
7
REX (Request To Exit) Motion Detector
Door Forced/Held Open Siren
Magnetic Lock
Door Position Switch
Video/Intercom integration
Infant Protection
Proximity Reader
Emergency release button
LED Indicator
ADA integration
Key switch
Interlock controller
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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NFPA 80 Requirements
Testing Certification Process
Rated Door Labels
Available Resources
Jeff Carlile
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
NFPA 80 Standard for Fire Doors and Other
Opening Protectives
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http://www.nfpa.org/index.asp?cookie%5Ftest=1
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
State of Washington
Applicable Codes
•
•
•
Building Code: International Building Code IBC – 2009
Life Safety Code: NFPA101 - Life Safety Code – 2009
Fire Code: NFPA80 - Standard for Fire Doors & Fire
Windows – 2007
•
Accessibility Standard
– ICC/ANSI A117.1- Accessible and Usable Buildings and
Facilities - 2009
– ADA - Americans With Disabilities Act - - 2010
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)
Building Inspector
Fire Marshal
The Joint Commission
DNV
Others
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
NFPA 80 Fire Doors & Windows
•
•
•
•
•
•
Frame & Door Requirements
Labels
Hinge Applications
Closing Requirements
Latching Requirements
Lites & Louvers
11
NFPA 80 Fire Doors & Windows
•
•
•
•
Protective Plates
Gasketing
Thresholds
Signage
• What NOT to do
– Field Modifications
– Drilling & Cutting
Functions of a Fire Door
• Serve as regular opening
• Provide ready egress
• Inhibit fire from spreading
• Inhibit smoke from spreading
• Protect life and property
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Fire Code Intent for Openings
• Limit spread of fires
• Ensure door stays closed & latched
• Ensure materials used are fire resistant
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
Labeled
Fire
Frame
Door
Sealed
Labeled
Fire Door
FIRE DOOR
REQUIREMENTS
Steel
Bearing
Hinges
Approved
Closer
Approved
Latching
Device
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Panic Hardware vs. Fire Exit Hardware
• Provides free egress
• Dogging permitted
• UL Panic Hardware label
• Panic Exit Hardware for use on
a fire door
• No mechanical dogging
permitted
• UL Fire Exit Device Label
• Must be self-latching
Fire Rated Doors
Self Closing – Self Latching
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Panic or Fire Hardware?
MEETS REQUIREMENTS OF UBC 7-2 (1997) ; UL 10C SEE INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
1 ½ HR FIRE RATING
TEMP. RISE GREATER THAN 650 F
S
CLASSIFIED SWINGING TYPE FIRE DOOR NO: 00000000
IF “S” RATING REQUIRED, USE GASKET TESTED TO UBC 7-2 (1997)
Doors R Us
9-M
FIRE DOOR TO BE EQUIPPED WITH
FIRE EXIT HARDWARE
WARNOCK HERSEY
DO NOT REMOVE
OR COVER THIS
LABEL
50401
WB
Have You Heard This Before?
6
Why can’t I prop
the door open with
a wedge?
I’ll be nearby in
case of a fire.
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Harvey Lake Board & Care
Washington, 1998
Stairwell door was propped open.
“The fire traveled through open
doorways and the open door to the
stairway, cutting off the primary
exits from the building.” - NFPA
10 Persons Died
After a Fire…
…with Properly-Functioning Fire Doors
16
NFPA 80 2007 – Standard for Fire Doors
Chapter 5 Care & Maintenance
5.2.1 Fire door assemblies shall
be inspected and tested not less
than annually, and a written
record of the inspection shall be
signed and kept for inspection
by the AHJ.
NFPA 80 2007 Edition
Fire Door Inspection Requirements
No open
holes or
breaks…
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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NFPA 80 2007 Edition
Fire Door Inspection Requirements
Glazing…
intact and
securely
fastened…
Examples of labels
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
NFPA 80 2007 Edition
Fire Door Inspection Requirements
No
missing
or broken
parts
18
NFPA 80 2007 Edition
Fire Door Inspection Requirements
Clearances
are limited
to…
1/8”
1/8”
1/8”
3/4"
NFPA 80 2007 Edition
Fire Door Inspection Requirements
Self-closing
device…
completely closes
from full open
position
19
NFPA 80 2007 Edition
Fire Door Inspection Requirements
Latching
hardware
operates
and
secures…
NFPA 80 2007 Edition
Fire Door Inspection Requirements
Fire Exit
Hardware…
Labels Match Door,
Frame & Hardware
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NFPA 80 2007 Edition
Fire Door Inspection Requirements
Nothing
that
interferes
with the
operation…
If required,
gasketing and
edge seals…
presence and
integrity
What Code Applies?
Who is Responsible For What?
Best Practices for Testing Fire Doors
Steve O’Connell
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Review - Who Picks the Code?
Healthcare
Facility
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
No wonder you’re so tired!
Overworked
Building
Engineer
22
So, who’s the Boss?
Which code do I follow?
This may not always be CMSTJCDNV
Depends on the code in force by the AHJ
standing in front of you
Answer: The most restrictive
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
NFPA 101 - Chapter 2
“Referenced Publications”
“The documents referenced in this chapter…shall be
considered part of the requirements of this Code…”
150+
Referenced
Codes!
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Code Hierarchy – Present Day
NFPA 101
Life Safety Code
2000
2003
2006
2009
2012
NFPA 25
Water Based Fire Systems
NFPA 72
Fire Alarm Systems
NFPA 80
Fire Doors
1998
1999
1999
2002
2002
2007
2008
2007
2010
2011
2010
2013
2013
Code Hierarchy – The Future
NFPA 101
Life Safety Code
2000
2003
2006
2009
2012
NFPA 25
Water Based Fire Systems
NFPA 72
Fire Alarm Systems
NFPA 80
Fire Doors
1998
1999
1999
2002
2002
2007
2008
2007
2010
2011
2010
2013
2013
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Code Confusion
NFPA 101
Life Safety Code
CMS
2000
City of Seattle
2003
DOH
2006
2009
2012
NFPA 25
Water Based Fire Systems
NFPA 72
Fire Alarm Systems
NFPA 80
Fire Doors
1998
1999
1999
2002
2002
2007
2008
2007
2010
2011
2010
2013
2013
Where is the mandate to test doors ?
NFPA 72-1999 - Not Much Help
• 15. Initiating Devices
– a. Duct Detectors
– b. Electromagnetic Releasing Device
– c. …
“Test Annually”
NFPA 72-1999 Table 7-3.2
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
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Where is the mandate to test doors ?
NFPA 72-2010, A Little more Helpful
Emergency Control Functions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Fan control
Smoke damper operation
Elevator recall
Elevator power shutdown
Door holder release
Shutter release
Door unlocking
“Shall be tested by operating or simulating alarm signals.”
NFPA 72-2010 Table 14.4.2.2
Where is the mandate to test doors ?
NFPA 80-1999, Not Much Help
NFPA 80-2010, Much more information
26
Door Testing – Best Practices
So who “Tests” the doors?
• Release/Unlock function is tested by the FA
testing vendor under NFPA 72 & 101
• Door Swing, Latching, & Integrity is tested by
the owner or certified vendor under NFPA 80
How This Will be Defined
NFPA 72 - 2013
NFPA 72 & 101
Fire Alarm System
Certified
Fire Alarm
Test Vendor
The
Door
Drops
The
Door
Latches
NFPA 80
Fire Doors
Certified Door
Inspection Vendor
27
War Story #1
Door Holder Release Scenario
• False alarm occurs – Doors do not release
• Door release tested OK 11 months ago
• Troubleshooting reveals defective relay
Is annual testing enough?
How about those quarterly, by-shift fire drills?
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
Pop Quiz
How many times per year could the door
functions be tested?
13
12 Fire Drills and 1 Annual Test
Why do I like these signs?
28
Survey Says:
“You work hard, not just to comply with
regulations, but because doing it right…
is the right thing to do.”
Survey Says:
Does your organization conduct quarterly by-shift fire drills?
100% Yes
Monthly - 1 shift each month
Do the fire drills include plant engineering personnel?
100% Yes
Is the fire alarm system used to initiate the fire drills?
83% yes
Are the door releases programmed or wired to drop during a drill?
67% Yes
29
Survey Says:
Do you observe and log the operation of the fire doors and fire
alarm system in general?
67% Yes
“We try to, it is hard to get to all areas.”
Have you ever found door operation problems in the time interval
between the normal annual tests that we perform?
– Answers ranged from "Not Often" to "Yes"
– Answer was never “No”
– Door wedges and latching issues specifically mentioned
Survey Says:
Any door related horror stories or tips to pass along?
•Missing or painted labels
•Doors damaged by Carts/Stretchers
•Holes drilled in doors
•Stretchers in doorways so door can't close
•Wrong voltage door holds, 24VDC on 120VAC circuit
•Problems due to Access Control System
30
War Story #2
Stair Door Lock Scenario
•
•
•
•
Always tested OK – on day shift
Tested one year on night shift – Failure
Access Control System programming
Access Control to Fire Alarm Connections
Work with security folks to insure realistic
conditions for testing
Again, use your fire drills!
Tools for the Future
June 7, 2013
Now
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
31
Hardware Maintenance:
A Review of NFPA 80 and
Success Tips for Security & Fire Doors
Questions?
2013 Semi-Annual Conference and Symposium
Campbell's Resort – Chelan
32