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Human Resources &
Management
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Human Resources
» Requires following laws and proper
procedures
» Requires people with strong human
relation and communication skills
» Responsibilities include:
– maintaining the employment process
– training and developing staff
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Employment Process
» Is carried out by human resources
» Goal:
– to obtain qualified employees who are wellmatched to the open position
» Steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
assess employment needs
recruit potential employees
select employee who fulfills goals
help employee get oriented
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Employment Process
» Step one: assess employment needs
– determine what openings in the company
need to be filled
– analyze what the open position involves
– obtain or write job description, including:
• qualifications
• duties
• responsibilities
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Employment Process
» Step two: recruit potential employees
– look within the company first
– contact and utilize the following:
• newspaper and/or Internet advertising
• colleges, universities, and technical or vocational
schools
• applications on file
• employment agencies and/or labor and
professional organizations
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Employment Process
» Step three: select employee who fulfills
goals
– review applications, resumes and cover
letters of applicants
– choose applicants appearing to best match
company opening and conduct interviews
• if there is not an appropriate applicant, start again
at recruiting potential employees
– review all obtained information and select
best applicant
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Employment Process
» Step four: help employee get oriented
– introduce to coworkers
– help fill out new employee paperwork
– answer questions about company pay,
benefits, policies, etc.
– assist during adjustment phase
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Training & Developing
» Is also performed by human resources
» Goal:
– maintain well-trained, qualified employees
» Is accomplished through:
– training
– evaluating performance
– focusing on motivation and cooperation
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Training
» Can be done individually or in groups
» Includes the following techniques:
– on-the-job training
• companies train employees while they work
• employees have hands-on practice with supervision
• occurs typically on an individual basis
– group training
• companies teach new skills to several employees at
once
• employees listen and learn from each other
• employees get the opportunity to express ideas and
share experiences
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Evaluating Performance
» Is often achieved through performance
appraisals
– managers evaluate employee performance
– managers provide feedback to employees
» Helps when making decisions, including:
– transfers
– layoffs
– promotions
– terminations
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Focusing on Motivation
» Can help meet employees needs
» Includes two types:
– extrinsic – motivation through outside sources
• for example: money, benefits, recognition
– intrinsic – motivation occurring internally
• for example: challenge, enjoyment, accomplishment
What motivates you to do well in school or
hobbies? Are they extrinsic or intrinsic
motivators?
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Motivation
» Can be ensured by meeting employees’
needs, including:
– hierarchy of needs proposed by Abraham
Maslow:
Self-Actualization
Self-Esteem
Belonging & Love
Safety
Basic Needs
– realizing full potential
– feeling skilled, useful, etc.
– feeling accepted, loved, etc.
– physical & emotional
– food, shelter, etc.
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Focusing on Cooperation
» Improves the output produced by working
together in groups
» Is needed to ensure high work quality and
employee job satisfaction
» Requires effective communication in
order to:
– enhance group dynamics
– ensure employees know and understand
their roles
– encourage employees to contribute ideas
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Management
» Is the process of reaching a company’s
goals and objectives by utilizing its
resources
» Has these four main functions:
– planning
– organizing
– directing
– controlling
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Planning
» Is management’s first main function
» Means determining a direction for the
company
» Includes the following:
– setting long- and short-term goals
– determining strategies to utilize company
resources
– creating a written plan
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Organizing
» Is management’s second main function
» Means obtaining and coordinating
resources to meet company goals and
objectives
» Includes the following:
– creating structure
– dividing up the workload
– arranging resources
– coordinating activities
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Directing
» Is the third main function of management
» Is leading employees to carry out their
assigned tasks
» Includes the following:
– staffing
– motivating
– influencing
– guiding
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Controlling
» Is management’s fourth main function
» Is ensuring results meet expected goals
and objectives
» Includes the following:
– evaluating employee performance
– solving problems
– setting standards for desired performance
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Management
» Is most effective when all four functions
play an important role
» Is responsible for making sure the
company runs smoothly
» Must remember to evaluate progress
regularly and provide feedback to the
appropriate personnel
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