IBM eServer™
Linux on zSeries
Module 1: Introduction
Copyright IBM
Corporation 2004
IBM eServer™
Trademarks
 Java and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun
Microsystems, Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both.
 Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, and the Windows logo are
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other
countries, or both.
 UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United
States and other countries.
 Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other
countries, or both
 IBM,
zSeries, z/VM, z/OS, Parallel Sysplex, DB2,
Lotus, Tivoli, MQSeries, and zArchitecture are trademarks of
International Business Machines Corporation in the United
States, other countries, or both.
2
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Why Linux on zSeries®
 Objectives:
Be
able to distinguish between Linux on IBM
zSeries and
USS
Describe
Where
a scenario under which you would use Linux on zSeries
is Linux on zSeries today?
List 5 ways it is being used today
List 5 misconceptions about it
What
List
is zSeries and why is it being used today?
9 major advantages of Linux on zSeries
How
is the z800 family different from z900 as far as capacity and
features are concerned?
List
9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM®
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective:
Distinguish between Linux on zSeries and USS
Option 1:
 UNIX System Services (USS) is crucial to the e-business
run time environment on z/OS®
 It is a key element in supporting middleware and
applications, and is an integral part of some strategic
solutions such as WebSphere®
 It provides a sound and robust UNIX environment,
bringing with it the qualities of service (availability,
security, workload balancing) expected and delivered with
z/OS
 USS will continue to be enhanced to support the ebusiness infrastructure, as well as vendor and customer
applications running on z/OS
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective:
Distinguish between Linux on zSeries and USS
Option 2: Linux on zSeries
 Linux on zSeries is a new environment with rapidly
growing acceptance in the marketplace
 It brings a large number of applications and faster porting
of existing UNIX applications that do not need to exploit
z/OS features or qualities of service
 It enables the consolidation of a large number of Linux
servers onto a single hardware platform
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective:
Distinguish between Linux on zSeries and USS
When to use USS
 When you need the full range of z/OS Qualities of Service
 To take full advantage of the platform's strengths in availability, handling mixed
workloads, security, transaction processing and performance
 To optimize database access performance when running an application in the
same address space as DB2®
 For access to the full set of advanced capabilities of WorkLoad Manager (WLM)
 To combine existing OS/390 applications with newer components like files and
datasets that run in a UNIX environment
 To provide the highest degree of availability
 To utilize Parallel Sysplex capabilities
 To utilize Recoverable Resource Management Services (RRMS) functionality
 When you need advanced security features such as those provided by Remote
Access Control Facility (RACF®)
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: Describe a scenario under which you would use Linux
on zSeries
When to choose Linux on zSeries
Porting a C/C++ application to Linux on zSeries is easier and faster than
a port to USS
Using the System Administration Facility, Linux on zSeries provides an
environment that supports hundreds of images
Consider porting applications that need 64-bit addressing to Linux on
zSeries
Applications that need full ASCII capabilities or that need ASCII double
byte character sets are supported in Linux on zSeries
 When speed to market is crucial, utilizing LPARs to simultaneously
develop, produce and test on the same machine can give a crucial edge
 Linux on zSeries provides a rich development environment for application
programmers
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective:
Describe a scenario under which you would use Linux
Linux momentum
on zSeries
Linux (a combination of all major
distributions) will become the dominant
server operating system in the United States
by 2005.
--Stacey Quandt, Giga,
Business 2.0, June 17, 2002
By 2006, Linux on zSeries will be a key
foundation for a strategic cross
development platform
environment, accelerating UNIX
server consolidation, while
creating a powerful alternative
to Windows .NET.
--Gartner, May 2002
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 ways Linux on zSeries is being used today
Top uses for Linux today
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 ways Linux on zSeries is being used today
Infrastructure
solutions:
1. Infrastructure Solutions
Optimized e-servers and software for Linux
Infrastructure Servers:
File/Print
Web/Application
Application development
Content/Caching
Security
Advantages:
Low cost
Highly reliable
Rapid setup
Innovative packaging
Infrastructure Software:
DB2 Universal Database
Lotus® Domino collaboration
Tivoli® Systems Management
MQSeries® messaging
WebSphere
Advantages:
Scalable
Open standards
Industry proven
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 ways Linux on zSeries is being used today
2. Workload
Consolidation
Consolidate
workloads across the organization:
Simplified infrastructure with IBM and Linux
• Workload Consolidation:
−Replace many with few
−Optimize assets
• Advantages:
−Reduce costs
−Get proven eServer reliability
−Use virtualization servers
−Dynamically manage workloads
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 ways Linux on zSeries is being used today
3.
Linuxon
Clusters
Linux
zSeries clusters:
Solutions for complex workloads
• Benefits of using clusters with Linux:
• High performance computing
• 24 x 7 availability with failover protection
• Horizontal and vertical scalability without downtime
• Large capacity data and transaction volumes including support for
mixed workloads
• Handling of unexpected peaks in workload
• Disaster recovery
• Advantages:
• Supercomputing performance at "mass market" prices
• Industry leading IBM cluster software
• GPFS - General Parallel File System
• CSM - Cluster Systems Manager
• Globus toolkit
• IBM factory installed and delivered
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective:
List 5applications
ways Linux on serve
zSeries many
is beinglocations:
used today
Distributed
4. Distributed Solutions
Replicate function across the enterprise
• Distributed solutions with Linux on zSeries:
 Geographically dispersed
 Serve more customers and/or employees
• Advantages:
 Low cost, small footprint e-server
 High reliability and stability
 Secure
 Easily replicated
 Centrally managed
 IBM world-wide support and implementation
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 ways Linux on zSeries is being used today
5. Application Solutions
Application solutions:
• IBM Business Partner and Independent Software Vendor (ISV)
solutions:
 Enable e-business initiatives
 Deliver industry vertical applications
 Leverage Business Partner and ISV expertise
• Advantages:
 Bundled e-servers
 ISV applications
 Low cost
 Optimized solutions
 Reduced implementation time
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 misconceptions about Linux on zSeries
Misconceptions about Linux on zSeries





Does not scale
Is not ready for the enterprise
Lacks business applications
No security
Skills are scarce
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 misconceptions about Linux on zSeries
Linux on zSeries is scalable
1. Scalability
Database - world record TPC-H benchmark
DB2 v7.2; 4 Intel® 900MHz Pentium III Xeon processors
74% faster than the best Windows-based result
File Serving
PC Mag's performance tests for file servers “...Linux on zSeries with Samba
significantly outperformed Windows 2000”, 11/01
“...on the fastest HW while handling largest number of clients, z/Linux's
throughput was 78% faster”
zSeries Servers – Linux on zSeries vs. Solaris
12 Linux on zSeries partitions equaled 9 x 4 CPU Sun 420R servers
Linear scalability for multiple Linux on zSeries instances and multiple users
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 misconceptions about Linux on zSeries
2. Linux on zSeries is already used for enterprise
Cluster Environment Peak Operation Downtime Per Year:
(Standish Research Group 2001)
• Microsoft...........30 hours
• Linux on zSeries.................14 hours
Google runs Linux on zSeries:
100+ million queries per day
Average response times less than half a second
• IBM service/support:
• Level 1-2-3 support
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 misconceptions about Linux on zSeries
3. Business Applications
ISVs are adopting Linux
(Linux on zSeries does have business
applications)
 3,800 Linux on zSeries applications in IBM Global Solutions Directory

SAP, Sendmail, jBASE, Relavis, Sanchez, MissionCritical
 Linux on zSeries, QAD, SAS, Steeleye, SecureWorks, Fluent
Eclipse: open-source, integrated foundation for application development
 Supported by 150+ ISVs with over 267 applications
 48% of developers worldwide (40% in North America) plan to
port most of their apps to Linux on zSeries* (WHERE IS THE *?)
 39% of Int'l (34% of North American) developers have written Linux on zSeries applications
 50%+ have confidence in Linux on zSeries for mission-critical apps
 Worldwide IBM Porting Centers for Linux on zSeries
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective:
5 misconceptions about Linux on zSeries
Linux List
is ubiquitous
3. Business Applications
(Linux on zSeries does have business applications)










Manufacturing Industry
Wholesale/Distribution
Retail
Public
Financial/Insurace
Education
Service
Technology
ISPs/ASPs
Transportation
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 misconceptions about Linux on zSeries
4. Security in Linux on zSeries
Linux on zSeries with a central z/OS (RACF) LDAP Server:
 Allows you to keep Linux on zSeries user information and passwords
 Allows you to make use of existing RACF user definitions for Linux on
zSeries users
 Benefits from the availability/scalability of z/OS systems for central data
storage
 Has Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): an open standard
protocol for accessing information services
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 5 misconceptions about Linux on zSeries
5. Linux on zSeries skills are not scarce
IBM Linux on zSeries Scholars Challenge
 1,462 students entered
 664 colleges represented
IBM Learning Services
 40 courses
 www.ibm.com/training/spotlight/linux
Porting Solaris applications to Linux
 80+% of APIs are identical
 Less than 15% require simple translations or masks
 Less than 5% of the APIs may require application rework
"If your IT organization supports UNIX today, you are well positioned to support
Linux. UNIX skilled programmers can easily and quickly develop into Linux
programmers.“
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: What is zSeries and why is it being used today?
What is zSeries?
 Four key features of z/Architecture include:
 A full 64-bit architecture that provides for 24, 31 and 64-bit
coexistence
 Intelligent Resource Director (IRD): provides for an exclusive way to
intelligently direct the processor and I/O resources to priority
workloads running within an LPAR cluster
 HiperSockets: an internal facility for z/Architecture that permits a
TCP/IP network to be established between LPARs
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 major advantages of Linux on zSeries
Benefits of Linux on zSeries
1. Scalability (ten to thousands of images depending on workload)
2. z/Architectecture exploitation: IRD & WLM
3. Integrated business solutions: data richness of zSeries and applications
4. Flexibility and openness of Linux with the Quality of Service (QOS) of zSeries
5. zSeries customers are offered additional opportunities to leverage their
investments through Linux
6. Consolidation benefits while maintaining one server per application
7. Reduced Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)
8. Improved service level: zSeries QOS
9. Speed to market time increased
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 major advantages of Linux on zSeries
Linux on zSeries: The best of both worlds
Gives you:






The most reliable hardware platform available
Redundant processors and memory
Error detection and correction
Remote Support Facility (RSF)
Centralized Linux systems that are easier to
manage
Scalability
 Physical - scale to 16 application processors
and up to 3 dedicated I/O processors
 Logical - scale to hundreds of Linux images





Non-disruptive capacity upgrade on demand
Support for mixed workloads
Complete workload isolation
High speed inter-server connectivity
Virtualization technology when run on z/VM
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 major advantages of Linux on zSeries
3-tierdiagram
Logical, 2-tier Physical
Linux on zSeries
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: How is the z800 family different from the z900?
Linux on z800
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: How is the z800 family different from the z900?
Linux on z900
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
9 Reasons to run Linux as a guest under z/VM
1. Resource
sharing among multiple Linux images running on the
same VM system
2. Server hardware consolidation
3. Virtualization
4. Linux guests can transparently take advantage of VM support
for zSeries hardware architecture and RAS features
5. High-performance communication among virtual machines
running Linux and other operating systems on the same
processor
6. Minidisk device driver for Linux on zSeries can access all z/VM
supported DASD types
7. Data-in-memory performance boosts are offered by VM
exploitation of the z/Architecture
8. Control and automation
9. Horizontal growth
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Linux as a guest under z/VM
 Supports ten to thousands of
images depending on
workload
 Supports Linux for S/390 and
Linux on zSeries guests
 Complements the zSeries
Integrated Facility for Linux
(IFL) with attractive pricing
terms and conditions
 Exploits z/Architecture
 Offers 64-bit real storage
support: real storage constraint
relief
 Offers 64-bit virtual support: run
64-bit guest systems on zSeries
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 1: Resource control
Allocate system resources on a per-Linux-image basis
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 2: Consolidation
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 3: Handling Linux guests
Integrated Facility for Linux* (IFL):
• Additional engines/processors dedicated to Linux-only workloads
• Supports z/VM, Linux on S/390 and Linux on zSeries
• Available on 9672 G5/G6, Multiprise 3000 and zSeries
• Lower price than standard engines
• Begin deployment or consolidation of Linux, UNIX and NT workloads to
zSeries immediately
• Traditional zSeries software charges unaffected
• IBM zSeries S/390 software and middleware
• ISV products
*Only usable in LPAR mode and cannot be
"mixed" with standard processors
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Sample IFL configuration
zSeries 900 model with 3 IFL processors and z/VM V4
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 4: Take advantage of VM support for zSeries
•- Performance collection and reporting for every Linux image
•- Log accounting records for charge back
•- Direct console output from your Linux systems to a single console
• using "Set Observer" or Single Console Image Facility (SCIF)
•- Automate system actions based on console output
•- System Automation with CMS, Rexx, Pipelines, PROP
•- Userid and password control for each Linux image
•- Record and report hardware errors using EREP
•- Dynamic I/O reconfiguration: add more disks without interruption
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 5: Virtual networking/communication
One Linux guest connects to external networks
Also connects to multiple guest LANs
Provides external routing and firewall services for guests
Other Linux guests connect to individual guest LANs
Virtual HiperSockets
An ideal way to connect a server farm to z/OS using real hipersockets
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM eServer™
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 6: DASD access
 Minidisks are partitions or sections of a full volume
• one-to-one relationship between the minidisk and the Linux partition
- makes control access easier and “keeps things straight”
- full volumes must be used if running Linux in an LPAR
 DASD is basically your hard drive
 Direct Access Storage
• Directly attached disk or tape storage
• I/O requests access the devices directly
• Easy to deploy
Linux on zSeries includes a minidisk device driver that
can access all DASD types supported by z/VM
36
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 7: Data-in-memory
 Use VM's data-in-memory
techniques for improved
performance
 Virtual Disks in Storage
(excellent swap device)
 Minidisk cache (high-speed
access to shared data)
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM eServer™
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 8: Control and management
Systems Management: data backup using Shark and TSM
38
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Objective: List 9 reasons to run Linux on zSeries as a guest under z/VM
Reason 9: Horizontal growth
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Recap

What environments are offered for z/OS?

Unix System Services (USS) and Linux
Where is Linux today?
The 5 ways it is being used today are:
workload consolidation, clustering,
application solutions, distributed enterprise
and infrastructure solutions
The misconceptions about Linux are: does
not scale, is not ready for enterprise, lacks
business applications, has no security,
skills are scarce
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Recap Continued
What are the major advantages of Linux on zSeries?
1. Scalability (ten to thousands of images depending on
workload)
2. z/Architectecture exploitation: IRD & WLM
3. Integrated business solutions: data richness of z/Series and
applications
4. Flexibility and openness of Linux with the zSeries QOS
5. zSeries customers are offered additional opportunities to
leverage their investments through Linux
6. Consolidation benefits, while maintaining one server per
application
7. Reduced Total Cost of Ownership
8. Improved service level: zSeries QOS
9. Speed to market time increased
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
Recap Continued
Why run Linux as a guest under z/VM?
Increased performance, growth and scalability





Server consolidation enables horizontal growth
Three-tier architecture on two tiers of hardware
Extensive support for sharing resources
Virtual networking
Complete isolation of Linux images if required
Increased productivity


Development and testing
Production support
Improved operations


Backup and recovery
Command and control
© 2004 IBM Corporation
IBM ^
© 2004 IBM Corporation