Operation System (OS) and
Software of Pervasive Devices
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Symbian OS - Background
• Symbian OS is used by leading mobile phone
manufacturers
• As a Descendant of Psion's EPOC OS
• Run exclusively on ARM processors
• Symbian company is currently owned by Ericsson,
Panasonic, Siemens, Nokia, Sony Ericsson and
Samsung
• Symbian Ltd provide reference implementation of
related development libraries, user interface, and
common tools
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Design of Symbian OS
• Smartphone platform based on Symbian OS - UIQ,
Nokia’s S60, S80, S90 and NTT Docomo’s FOMA
• Adopt to different Smartphone Form Factor
• Based on EPOC, with similar desktop OS features –
pre-emptive multi-tasking, multi-threading and
memory protection
• Designed for handheld device, can operate several
months without reboot
• Symbian Version 6.x (Nokia 7650, 3650) 7.x, 8.x and
9.x (Nokia N95)
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Symbian OS –
Other Type of Developments
• Many Symbian OS devices can also be
programmed in OPL, Python, Visual Basic,
Simkin, and Perl –
• Java - Java ME and PersonalJava flavors of Java
• Adobe Flash lite application
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Palm OS (Garnet OS)
• Once owned by Palm Computing Inc, now sold to
Japan Company Access
– http://www.access-company.com/
• Earliest version of Palm OS application are installed
on the RAM and then executed directly
• Processor - Palm OS 5 support ARM processor and
the palm application compatibility Environment
(PACE) emulator allow support for the legacy
“Dragonball” processor
• The native language of the Palm OS is C++
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Windows Mobile 5
• Powered by Windows CE 5.0 and used the Dot Net
Compact Framework 1.0 SP2 — an environment for
programs based on .NET
• Windows Mobile 5.0 included Microsoft Exchange
Server’s push functionality improvements that
worked with Exchange 2003 SP2
• New version of Office Mobile – Mobile Word, Mobile
Excel and Mobile PowerPoint
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Windows Mobile 6
• Windows Mobile 6 is powered by Windows CE 5.2
and is strongly linked to Windows Live and Microsoft
Exchange 2007 products.
• AJAX, JavaScript and XMLDOM support on Internet
Explorer Mobile
• Dot Net Compact Framework 2.0 SP Preinstalled
• Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Compact Edition
Preinstalled in ROM
• HTML Email support in Outlook Mobile
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Iphone and Ipod Touch OS Architecture
• Iphone OS runs on the iPhone and iPod Touch
• A variant of the same basic Mach Keral found in Mac
OS 10
• Software component “Core Animation” and the
“PowerVR” MBX 3D Hardware, responsible for the
smooth animations used in its interface
• ARM-based processor
• Multi-touch display of 320×480 resolutions,
application can be developed based on its multitouch technology
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BlackBerry OS
• BlackBerry OS is the proprietary operating system
made by Research in Motion for their BlackBerry line
of handhelds. It provides multi-tasking, and makes
heavy use of the device's specialized input devices,
particularly the thumbwheel
• The current OS 4 provides a subset of MIDP 2.0
• Developers can write software using these APIs, and
proprietary BlackBerry APIs as well
• Application are digitally signed – associated the
developer
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BlackBerry Software
• Integrated up to 10 to Push Email from BlackBerry, Microsoft
Exchange, Domino, Yahoo and other email systems, viewing
attachments of Adobe PDF, Microsoft Word, Excel and
Powerpoint
• BlackBerry Browser – only support JavaScript
• BlackBerry Maps
• Facebook services
• Yahoo Messager, Google Talks
• Calendar, Address Book and PIM Sync via USB
• GPS
• BlackBerry Games
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Android –
Mobile Phone OS Project
• Android is a software development platform for
mobile phone based on the Linux OS
• Developed by Google and the Open Handset
Alliance for different mobile phone manufacturer
• Features
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3D - OpenGL ES 1.0
SQLite - for data storage
WebKit - web browser
Dalvik - Java Virtual Machine
FreeType - Bitmap and Vector Images
Connectivity - BlueTooth, Wi-Fi, GPS
Android Software
• Core applications
– Email client, SMS program, calendar, maps(googles), browser,
contacts, and others.
– written using the Java programming language
• Application Framework
– Full access to the same framework APIs
– Architecture is designed to simplify the reuse of components
• Runtime
– Core C++ library
– Multiple Java (Dalvik) Virtual Machine (VM) running in process
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Java ME Platform
• Java as one of the most popular programming
platform
• Java is not a mobile phone OS, but run as a platform
on top of many mobile phone OSs
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Symbian OS
Windows CE/Windows Mobile
BlackBerry OS
Palm OS
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Introduction of J2ME
Agenda
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
Mobile Phone History
Software Technology for Mobile Device
J2ME Overview
– CDC
– CLDC
– MIDP
• J2ME Resources
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• The goals Mobile Technology
– Connecting people
– Information sharing
– Internet access
– Entertainment
with the most importance words – “at any
time, any where”
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• Includes
– Notebook
– Palmtops
– PDAs
– Mobile Phones
– Tablet PCs
– And more ...
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• The Internet Scenario for retrieving
information in a wireless network
Internet
Web Servers
Base
Station
Wireless Network
Request :
Response :
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• Mobile Networking
– GSM, GPRS, EDGE
– 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G and 4G
– IEEE802.11
– InfraRed and Bluetooth
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• GSM
– Short for Global System for Mobile
Communications, one of the leading digital
cellular systems. Data speed for GSM is 9.6 kilobits.
• EDGE
– Enhanced Data GSM Environment. EDGE is a faster
version of GSM wireless service. EDGE enables
data to be delivered at rates up to 384 Kbps on a
broadband.
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• EDGE
– Enhanced Data GSM Environment. EDGE is a faster version of GSM
wireless service. EDGE enables data to be delivered at rates up to 384
Kbps on a broadband. The standard is based on the GSM standard.
• GPRS
– Short for General Packet Radio Service, a standard for wireless
communications which runs at speeds up to 115 kilobits per second.
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• GPRS
– Short for General Packet Radio Service, a standard
for wireless communications which runs at speeds
up to 115 kilobits per second.
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• First Generation (1G)
– Analog system designed for voice only communication. 1G systems are
almost extinct now,
• Second Generation (2G)
– Use GSM and IS-95 CDMA technologies
– CDMA
• Allows users to communicate with different codes
– Still designed for voice communication
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• 2.5 and 2.75 Generation
– GPRS and CDMA2000 (Phase 1) are belonged to
2.5 G
– EDGE is belonged to 2.75G
– As higher data rate is provided, allows some data
transmission
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• Third Generation (3G)
– Two 3G, UMTS and CDMA-2000, are used. UMTS
is broadly deployed in Europe and CDMA-2000 is
being deployed in North American and parts in
Asia
– Higher data transmission rate (up to 2Mbps)
which allows video conferencing
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• Forth Generation (4G)
– Combined the technologies of Wireless local area
network (will be introduced soon) and 3G
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• InfraRed
– Short range data transmission technology
– Normally used as remote controller
– Data rate is around tens kbps
– Line of sight transmission, hence the space
between two InfraRed Devices should be clear
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Introduction of Mobile Technology
• Bluetooth
– Commonly used for hand-free earphone
– Short range data transmission – around 10 meters
– Data rate is up to 1Mbps
– Do not have light of sight requirement
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Software Technology for Mobile
Device
• There are many terms about mobile
application development
– Windows Mobile
– Symbian
– Embedded Visual C++ and .Net
– J2ME
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Software Technology for Mobile
Device
• Windows Mobile
– Windows Mobile is Microsoft's software platform for Pocket PCs and
Smartphones. Windows Mobile extends the familiarity of the
Windows desktop to personal devices.
– Windows Powered mobile devices include Pocket PC, Pocket PC Phone
Edition, Smartphone, and Handheld PC
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Software Technology for Mobile
Device
• Symbian
– Symbian is like an Operation
System on mobile phone. It
provides the required low level
functions for application
development
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Software Technology for Mobile
Device
• Embedded Visual C++ 4.0 and .Net
– Programming language and related libraries that
allows programmer to develop applications on
Windows Mobile platform
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Software Technology for Mobile
Device
• J2ME (Java 2, MicroEdition)
– Normally used for less memory and low
processing power devices
– A collection of packages and classes for
application development on mobile devices
• We will use J2ME to develop applications in
this course
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J2ME Overview
• Java
– A programming language developed by
Sun Microsystems
– Required a Virtual machine to interpret
the source codes and generate
bytecode
– Syntax is similar to C++
– Platform independent feature
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J2ME Overview
• Java includes three different editions
– J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition)
– J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition)
– J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition)
• The above three editions target for different
devices or systems
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J2ME Overview
• J2SE
– Provides a complete environment for applications
development on desktops and servers
– The foundation of J2EE
– J2SE 1.5 (Tiger) is available now!
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J2ME Overview
• J2EE
– Target for business use
– Large scale of systems which may contain tens of
servers and millions of users
– Web based services
– Machines are high performance
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J2ME Overview
• J2ME
– The Micro Edition of the Java 2 Platform provides
an application environment that specifically
addresses the needs of commodities in the vast
and rapidly growing consumer and embedded
space, including mobile phones, pagers, PDAs, settop boxes, and vehicle telematics systems
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