Cambodia Demographic and
Health Survey - 2014
Key Indicators Report
Funding for the CDHS 2014 was provided by the Government of
Cambodia, USAID, Australia-DFAT, UNFPA, UNICEF, JICA, KOICA, and
The Health Sector Support Program – Second Phase (HSSP – 2).
Technical assistance was provided by ICF International as part of the
Demographic and Health Surveys project (MEASURE DHS). The
objective of the MEASURE DHS project is to collect, analyze and
disseminate demographic data, especially those related to fertility, family
planning, maternal and child health, and HIV/AIDS.
DHS in Cambodia
Implementation
The survey was carried out by the National Institute of
Statistics of the Ministry of Planning and the
Directorate General for Health of the Ministry of
Health.
ICF International provided technical assistance to every
phase of the survey through the worldwide
MEASURE DHS program.
Implementation
Pre-test: February – March, 2014
Main training: May 2014
Fieldwork: June – November, 2014.
Data entry and editing: August 2014 -- January 2015.
Four questionnaires were used for the CDHS 2010: the
Household Questionnaire, the Woman Questionnaire,
the Man Questionnaire, and the Micronutrient
Questionnaire.
Household Questionnaire
The household questionnaire was used to list all the usual
members and visitors and to collect information on the
following topics:
–
–
–
–
Dwelling characteristics
Accidental death and injury
Disability
Utilization of health services and health expenditures for recent
illness and injury
– Possession of iodized salt
– Height and weight of women and children
– Hemoglobin level of women and children
Women Questionnaire
The women questionnaire was used to collect information on
the following topics:
– Respondent background characteristics
– Reproduction, including a complete birth and death history of
respondents’ children, and information on abortion
– Contraception, pregnancy, and postnatal care
– Children’s nutrition, immunization, and early child development
– Health and women’s nutrition
– Marriage and sexual activity
– Fertility preferences
– Husband’s background and woman’s work
– HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections
– Other health issues
– Maternal mortality
Men Questionnaire
The men questionnaire was used to collect information on
the following topics:
–
–
–
–
–
Respondent background characteristics
Reproduction
Marriage and sexual activity
HIV/AIDS
Other health issues
Micronutrient Questionnaire
The micronutrient questionnaire was used to collect blood,
urine, and stool samples among children 6-59 months and
women mothers in 1/6 clusters (102) selected for the
survey.
Sample Design
The sample design allows indicators to be calculated at
national level, for urban and rural areas. They also can be
reported for 19 study domains.
- Fourteen of these 19 domains are individual provinces; ten
remaining provinces are paired into 5 domains.
The sample was selected in two stages:
- 611 villages (clusters or enumeration areas) were selected with
probability proportional to size.
- Households were systematically selected from those listed in each
EA for the survey.
- All women age 15-49 who were either permanent residents or
visitors present in the households on the night before the survey
were eligible to be interviewed. All men age 15-49 in a sub-sample
of 1/3 of the households were eligible to be interviewed.
Sample Size and Respond Rates
Selected households: 16,356
Households found: 15,937
Interviewed: 15,825
Response rate: 99.3%
Eligible women: 18,012
Interviewed: 17,578
Response rate: 97.6%
Eligible men: 5,484
Interviewed: 5,190
Response rate: 94.6%
Sample Distribution by Residence
Women
Men
Marital Status
Education Level
Women
Men
Total Fertility Rate
At current fertility levels, a woman in Cambodia will
have an average of 2.7 children in her lifetime; The TFR
of urban women is 2.1 and of rural women is 2.9.
Trend in Fertility
TFR for women age 15-49
for the 3-year period
preceding the survey
Trend in Fertility
TFR for women age 15-49
for the 3-year period
preceding the survey
Teenage Fertility
Percentage of young women
age 15-19 who have a live birth
or are pregnant with first child
Current Use of Family Planning
Percentage of currently married
women age 15-49
Current Use of Contraceptive Methods
Percentage of currently married
women using a contraceptive
method
Fertility Preference
Percent distribution of currently married women age 15-49 by desire for children, according to number of living children, Cambodia
2014
Number of living children1
Desire for children
0
1
2
3
4
5
6+
Total
Have another soon2
73.2
19.2
8.7
4.0
2.5
2.2
0.5
12.4
Have another later3
12.1
62.5
30.5
11.0
3.4
1.3
0.6
27.0
Have another, undecided when
4.3
3.3
2.3
1.5
1.0
0.8
0.1
2.1
Undecided
1.3
3.1
4.7
3.2
1.3
1.5
0.5
3.1
Want no more
4.4
9.6
48.4
71.0
79.3
81.8
85.7
48.4
Sterilized4
0.4
0.6
1.9
4.9
6.4
7.3
6.5
3.1
Declare infecund
4.3
1.8
3.2
4.5
6.1
5.0
6.2
3.8
Missing
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
673
2,824
3,452
2,283
1,392
713
563
11,898
Total
Number of women
1
The number of living children includes current pregnancy
Wants next birth within 2 years
3 Wants to delay next birth for 2 or more years
4 Includes both female and male sterilization
2
Trends in Unmet Need, Met Need with Modern Methods,
and Percentage of Total Demand
Trend in Early Childhood Mortality
Deaths per 1,000
live births
Maternal Health Indicators
Maternal Health Indicators by Residence
Maternal Health Indicators by Wealth Quintile
Vaccination for Children 12-23 months
Percentage of children age 12-23
months who received specific vaccines
at any time before the survey
Trends in Vaccination Coverage
Percentage of children 12-23
months fully vaccinated
Vaccination by Residence and WQ
Prevalence of ARI, Fever and Diarrhea
Percentage of children under five years
who had symptoms of ARI, fever, or
diarrhea in the two weeks preceding
the survey
Treatment of ARI, Fever and Diarrhea
Among children with symptoms of ARI,
fever, or diarrhea percentage of whom
treatment was sought from a health
facility/ provider
Treatment of ARI, Fever and Diarrhea
Among children with symptoms of ARI, fever, or
diarrhea percentage of whom treatment was
sought from a health facility/ provider
Undernourished Children
More than 2 SD below the median of WHO Child
Growth Standards adopted in 2006.
Table 13. Breastfeeding status by age
Percent distribution of youngest children under two years who are living with their mother, by breastfeeding status and the percentage currently
breastfeeding; and the percentage of all children under two years using a bottle with a nipple, according to age in months, Cambodia 2014
Breastfeeding status
Number of
BreastBreastyoungest
BreastBreastPercent- children Percentfeeding
feeding
under two age using Number of
feeding
feeding and
age
and
and
Not
Exclusivel consuming consuming
years
and
consuming
currently
a bottle all children
breast- living with
with a
Age in
breasty breast- plain water non-milk consuming complementar
under two
1
years
Total
months
other milk
y foods
feeding the mother nipple
only
liquids
feeding
feeding
0-1
2-3
4-5
6-8
9-11
12-17
18-23
3.6
6.6
9.4
7.2
11.4
22.2
60.3
79.9
67.1
50.4
9.0
0.4
0.3
0.0
5.6
12.9
12.5
5.4
1.3
0.2
0.0
0.4
2.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.5
5.9
6.7
1.3
0.9
0.0
0.2
4.0
5.4
20.6
76.8
86.0
77.3
39.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.4
93.4
90.6
92.8
88.6
77.8
39.7
210
257
249
396
349
673
724
8.6
16.2
32.5
38.4
38.3
34.1
33.0
213
262
260
403
357
689
771
0-3
5.2
72.9
9.6
1.3
6.2
4.8
100.0
94.8
467
12.8
475
0-5
6-9
6.7
8.8
65.0
7.1
10.6
4.2
1.0
0.1
6.4
1.1
10.3
78.8
100.0
100.0
93.3
91.2
717
514
19.8
38.8
736
523
12-15
20.0
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
79.5
100.0
80.0
461
34.9
467
12-23
42.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
57.6
100.0
58.0
1,398
33.5
1,460
20-23
62.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
37.0
100.0
37.1
484
32.3
519
Note: Breastfeeding status refers to a "24-hour" period (yesterday and last night). Children who are classified as breastfeeding and consuming
plain water only consumed no liquid or solid supplements. The categories of not breastfeeding, exclusively breastfed, breastfeeding and
consuming plain water, non-milk liquids/juice, other milk, and complementary foods (solids and semi-solids) are hierarchical and mutually
exclusive, and their percentages add to 100 percent. Thus children who receive breast milk and non-milk liquids and who do not receive other
milk and who do not receive complementary foods are classified in the non-milk liquid category even though they may also get plain water.
Any children who get complementary food are classified in that category as long as they are breastfeeding as well.
1 Non-milk liquids include juice, juice drinks, clear broth or other liquids
Minimum Acceptable Diet by Age (Months)
Percentage of children 6-23
months received minimum
acceptable diet
Anemia in Children 6-59 months
Children with <7.0 g/dl of hemoglobin have severe anemia,
children with 7.0-9.9 g/dl have moderate anemia, and
children with 10.0-10.9 g/dl have mild anemia
Anemia in Women
Women with <7.0 g/dl of hemoglobin have severe anemia,
women with 7.0-9.9 g/dl have moderate anemia, and nonpregnant women with 10.0-11.9 g/dl and pregnant women
with 10.0-10.9 g/dl have mild anemia.
Knowledge of HIV Prevention Methods
Percent who know HIV can be prevented by:
Trends in Knowledge of HIV Prevention
Methods
Percent both prevention methods:
Trends in Comprehension Knowledge of HIV
Among Youth 15-24
Percent knowing that consistent use of condoms during sexual intercourse and having just
one uninfected faithful partner can reduce the chance of getting HIV, and knowing that a
healthy-looking person can have HIV, and rejecting the two most common local
misconceptions about transmission or prevention of HIV :
Number of Lifetime Sexual Partners
Multiple Partners and Condom Use: Men
Level and confidence interval of maternal mortality ratios