Env-Or 600 Contaminated
Site Management Rule
Update
Waste Management Division
Updates
September 12, 2008
Env-Or 600 Update
Effective July 23, 2008
 Ambient Ground Water Quality Standards
 Soil Remediation Standards
 Groundwater Management Permit
Procedures
 Expedited Review Fees

Env-Or 600 Update
AMBIENT GROUNDWATER QUALITY STANDARDS
Old
AGQS
ug/L (ppb)
New
AGQS
ug/L (ppb)
Aldrin
0.04
0.1
Benzo(a)anthracene
0.05
0.1
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
0.05
0.1
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
0.005
0.1
0.4
0.5
Dieldrin
0.002
0.1
Hexachlorocyclohexane, alpha
0.006
0.1
Hexachlorocyclohexane, beta
0.02
0.1
Hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma (Lindane)
0.02
0.2
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
0.05
0.1
Chemical Name
Dichloropropene, 1,3-
Env-Or 600 Update
SOIL REMEDIATION STANDARDS
Old
Standard
(mg/kg).
New
Standard
(mg/kg)
0.002
0.004
Benzo(a)anthracene
0.7
1
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
0.7
1
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
4
12
Chlordane
2
4
Chlorotrifluoroethylene (CFC1113)
0.1
NA
Chrysene
44
120
2,4-D (Dichlorophenooxy acetic acid, 2,4-)
4
300
DDD (Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane, p,p’)
4
6
DDE (Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene, p,p’)
2
4
DDT (Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, p,p’)
2
4
Dichlorobenzidine, 3,3’-
0.2
0.7
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)
30
72
Chemical Name
Benzidine
Env-Or 600 Update
SOIL REMEDIATION STANDARDS
Old
Standard
(mg/kg).
New
Standard
(mg/kg)
3
0.7
Diphenylhydrazine, 1,2-
0.5
1
Diquat (dibromide)
0.2
0.3
Ethylene glycol
86
91
Formaldehyde
2
1
Heptachlor
0.09
0.2
Hexachlorobenzene
0.7
0.8
0.0001
0.00007
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
0.7
1
Toxaphene
0.8
1
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
260
60
Trichloropropane, 1,2,3-
0.1
0.2
Chemical Name
Dinitrophenol, 2,4-
Hexachlorodibenzodioxin, 2,3,7,8-
Env-Or 600 Update

Env-Or 607.02 Groundwater Management
Permit Procedures.
(2) Provide notification on a form provided
by the department by certified mail,
return receipt requested, to all owners of
properties specified in Env-Or
607.03(a)(20) that their property is
proposed for inclusion within the GMZ;
http://www.des.nh.gov/orcb/doclist/prop_g
d_ma_permit.doc
Env-Or 600 Update

Env-Or 607.03 Groundwater Management
Permit Application.
(16) Certification that notification has been
provided to all owners of lots proposed
for inclusion in the GMZ as required by
Env-Or 607.02(b)(2);
Env-Or 600 Update

Env-Or 607.08 Permit Notification.
(a) Within 30 15 days after the department
issues the groundwater management permit,
the permittee shall provide notice of the permit
by certified mail, return receipt requested, to
all owners of lots of record within the GMZ.
(b) Within 60 45 days after the department
issues the groundwater management permit,
the permittee shall submit documentation of
the notification required by (a), above, to the
department.
Env-Or 600 Update
Fees for Expedited Reviews
as specified in RSA 485:3-b, I
Equalized Assessed
Valuation
Fee
$0 to $250,000
$1,800
$250,001 to $500,000
$2,250
$500,001 to $1,000,000
$3,750
greater than $1,000,000
$7,500
Env-Or 600 Update Summary
Effective July 23, 2008
 Ambient Ground Water Quality Standards
 Soil Remediation Standards
 Groundwater Management Permit
Procedures
 Expedited Review Fees

Env-Or 600
NHDES Contact
Robin Mongeon, P.E.
Waste Management Division
29 Hazen Drive
Concord, NH 03301
Tel: (603) 271-7378
Fax: (603) 271-2181
E-mail: [email protected]
Env-Or 607.09,
Recordation
Groundwater Management
Recordation Procedures
Env-Or 607.09, Recordation
Updates - Private Sector Feedback
 Registry Index - Grantor/Grantee
 New Notice & Release of Notice Forms
 Links
 Contact Info

Grantor/Grantee Index
Grantor/Grantee Search
NOTICE OF GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT PERMIT
GWP-_________-A-001
TO BE RECORDED AGAINST:
[IDENTIFY OWNER OF PARCEL AND
BOOK AND PAGE OF DEED IN TO THAT PARTY]
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT: The New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services
(Department) has issued Groundwater Management Permit #GWP-_________-A-001
(“Permit”) to [Permittee]. Pursuant to Env-Or 607.09(a) this notice is recorded for each
property located within the groundwater management zone identified in the Permit at the
Registry of Deeds for the county in which the property is located.
The Permit establishes a Groundwater Management Zone (“GMZ”), an area within which
groundwater use must be controlled and monitored due to the presence of groundwater
contaminants that exceed the State’s Ambient Groundwater Quality Standards (“AGQS”).
The Permit may include conditions to and restrictions upon the use of the properties within
the GMZ, including restrictions on the use of groundwater.
The Permit was issued on [Date] and expires on [Date], unless renewed for subsequent five-year
period(s). This Notice will remain in effect until such time as the AGQS are restored within
the GMZ and the Department issues a Release of Recordation to the Permittee. The Permit is
available for review at the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, 29 Hazen
Drive, Concord, NH 03301 or can be viewed by searching under our OneStop Data Retrieval
Site at http://www2.des.nh.gov/OneStop/ORCB_Query.aspx?Project+CCST .
The following properties are located within the GMZ:
Property Owner/Property Address
Deed Reference Book/Page
/s/ [Permittee Name], Permittee
[Company Name]
Tax Map/Lot
______________
Date
DISCHARGE AND RELEASE OF
NOTICE OF GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT PERMIT
TO BE RECORDED IN FAVOR OF
[CURRENT OWNER OF PARCEL IDENTIFIED IN ORIGINAL OR
AMENDED NOTICE]
at [BOOK /PAGE OF DEED IN TO THAT PARTY]
For value received, the State of New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, issuer of a
groundwater management permit GWP-_________-A-_ to [name of Permittee] and recorded by
Notice of Groundwater Management Permit, dated ____, against the real property of [name of
property owner], in __________ County Registry of Deeds at Book __________, Page
__________, hereby discharges and releases the said Notice of Groundwater Management Permit.
Subscribed, sworn to and acknowledged before me by ______________, the issuer, this __________
day of __________, 20__________.
____________________________
Carl W. Baxter, P.E., Administrator
Hazardous Waste Remediation Bureau
Waste Management Division
_________________________
Printed Name_______________
Notary Public/Justice of the Peace
My commission expires_________
Env-OR 607.09 Recordation
Link to Notice Forms:
http://www.des.state.nh.us/ORCB/DOCLIST
/notice_of_gmp.doc
http://www.des.state.nh.us/ORCB/DOCLIST
/landfill_notice_of_gmp.doc
Env-Or 607.09 Recordation
NHDES Contact
Karlee Kenison, P.G.
Waste Management Division
29 Hazen Drive
Concord, NH 03301-0095
Tel: (603) 271-6542
Fax: (603) 271-2181
Email: [email protected]
Low-Level Ethylene
Dibromide (EDB)
Screening Program Update
Kenneth Richards, P.G.
NH Department of Environmental
Services
Low-Level Ethylene
Dibromide (EDB)
Screening Program Update
Kenneth Richards, P.G.
NH Department of Environmental
Services
Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)

Also known as 1,2-dibromomethane and numerous
trade names and acronyms

Used in the past as a leaded gas additive (phased
out in 1985) and soil fumigant (banned in 1984) for
crops and turf (golf courses). Also as a solvent,
waterproofing agent, in dyes & pharmaceuticals

Still used in aviation and racing fuels and chemical
formulations

Released to the environment by leaded gasoline
spills and land applications as a pesticide
Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)
(cont.)

EDB is a volatile organic compound (VOC) and is
included on the U.S. EPA SW-846 Method 8260 list
of analytes

The Method 8260 detection limit for EDB in
relatively clean samples is generally 0.5 – 1.0 ug/l

The Federal Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)
and New Hampshire AGQS for EDB is 0.05 ug/l
Program Goals

Identify EDB presence/absence at NH Sites

Identify potential EDB impacts to drinking water
wells

Provide basis to formulate modified monitoring
programs at identified EDB sites to include lowlevel EDB analysis
Site & Sampling Point Selection

Release sites with known gasoline storage in
1985 or earlier

Sampling points selected along transect of
contaminant plume

In general, samples collected from one source
area well, one mid-plume well & one distal well
Analytical Methods For Low-Level
EDB Detection

US EPA SW-846 Method 8011

US EPA SW-846 Method 504.1

US EPA SW-846 Method 8260 SIM
(Selective Ion Method)
Preliminary Results

200 sites during Spring, 2008 groundwater
sampling rounds; 700 groundwater samples
analyzed

EDB positively detected at 15% of sites sampled

Detections ranged up to 650 ug/l

45% of the EDB detections were <1.0 ug/l
Preliminary Results (cont.)

EDB detections primarily found at sampling
points within or immediately downgradient of
source areas

EDB not identified in water supply wells
included in program
U.S. EPA LNAPL Screening Study

EPA analyzed LNAPL collected from 28 older
release sites in 8 states

DES coordinated the submittal of 23 LNAPL
samples from 8 NH sites

EDB identified in LNAPL samples from 4 of the
8 NH sites

EDB detected at levels ranging from 0.15mg/l to
255.28 mg/l
Path Forward

Second round of low-level EDB screening to be
conducted during the Fall 2008 groundwater
sampling rounds

DES has been requesting field pH measurements
on wells included in Fall screening round

Individual EDB site strategy should be developed
in consultation with DES project managers
1,4-Dioxane and 1,2Dibromoethane (EDB)
Analytical Methods Review
Lou Barinelli, Assistant Director, NHDES
Laboratory
1,4-Dioxane
• MW=88.11
• Density=1.03
• BP=101.1
• Soluble in water
Available Methods
• EPA Method 8260B (C)
– Purge and Trap-GC/MS
• EPA Method 8270C (D)
– Liquid/Liquid Extraction-GC/MS
• EPA Method 8261A
– Vacuum Distillation-GC/MS
EPA Method 8260
• In order to meet low level reporting limits
on the order of 3 ppb, must make
modifications
• Heat sample during purge cycle (80-90 oC)
• Acquire data in SIM Acquisition Mode
• Use 1,4-dioxane-d8 as an internal or
surrogate standard
EPA Method 8270C
• Extract 1L of water
• Concentrate Extract
• Use Isotope Dilution (1,4-dioxane-d8)
• Acquire data in SIM Acquisition Mode
EPA Method 8261A
• Sample is placed in a distillation chamber
• The chamber is placed under vacuum
• The vapor is passed through a chilled coil
at 5 oC to condense the water
• The uncondensed distillate is cryogenically
trapped at -196 oC (liquid nitrogen temp)
• Analytes transferred to GC/MS
EPA Method 8260B Advantages
• Most labs familiar with P&T technique
• Minimal sample prep
• Automation possible
• Can achieve reporting limits 2-5 ppb
EPA Method 8260B Disadvantages
• 1,4-Dioxane has poor purging efficiency,
can be compensated for by heated purge
and isotope dilution
• If Method not managed correctly can
encounter problems with carry over or
poor reproducibility
Method 8270C Advantages
• Most labs familiar with technique
• Can achieve reporting limits 1-3 ppb
• Modified to use isotope dilution
Method 8270C Disadvantages
• Possible losses during extraction
procedure
• Possible losses during collection and
transport (samples collected with
headspace)
• Labor intensive for some labs
EPA Method 8261 Advantages
• Easily achieve 1-2 ppb reporting limit
• Potential for sub-ppb reporting limits with
SIM
• Minimal sample prep
• Isotope dilution is standard procedure
Method 8261A Disadvantages
• New Technique
• Not common for most labs
• Only 1 Instrument Manufacturer
• Requires liquid nitrogen
• Cost of equipment and operation
Misc. Info
• Ref: "1,4-Dioxane - Environmental and
Measurement issues" - Timothy W.
Fitzpatrick & Kerry Tate, State of Florida
Department of Environmental Protection“
1,2-Dibromoethane
• Available Methods
– Purge & Trap GC/MS (SIM Acquisition)
– Micro-Extraction GC/ECD
Purge & Trap GC/MS
• Method 8260
– 5 or 25 mL purge volume
– SIM acquisition allows for lower reporting limit
GC/ECD
• Methods 8011 or 504
– Micro extraction with hexane
– Direct injection on GC/ECD
– Dual column confirmation
– ECD selective for halogenated compounds
1,4 Dioxane – Background
Sampling Requirements,
Treatment Technologies and
Initial Results
Frederick J. McGarry, P.E., DEE,
Assistant Director, WMD
1,4 Dioxane
O
H2C
CH2
H2C
Sept. 12, 2008 CH2
Background, Sampling Requirements,
Treatment and Initial Results
O
1,4 Dioxane
 What is it?
 Why are we concerned about it?
 What are the sampling requirements?
 How can it be treated?
Characteristics of 1,4-Dioxane
 Solubility – Infinite solubility in water
 Low Koc therefore low affinity for activated
carbon
 Low vapor pressure
 Most mobile contaminant @ solvent release
sites
 Footprint may be many times greater than
TCA plume (up to 6X greater)
Characteristics (cont.)
 Occurs more in water than in soil
 Stays more in water than going to air
 Volatilization is slow
 Resistant to biological degradation
 Will not hydrolyze
 Attenuation?



Dilution
Dispersion
Volatilization
Uses for 1,4-Dioxane
 Stabilizer for chlorinated solvents (TCA) added 2





8% by volume
Paint strippers
Dyes
De-greasers
Varnishes
Impurity in antifreeze and deicing fluids
Deodorants, shampoos, & cosmetics


23 ppm in Clairol Herbal Essence shampoo
12 ppm in Hello Kitty Bubble Bath
Health Effects of 1,4 Dioxane
 Group B2 carcinogen:
“. . . reasonably anticipated to be a human
carcinogen”
 Cancer of gall bladder, lungs, skin, and liver
in laboratory mice.
Drinking Water Standards for
1,4-Dioxane
EPA IRIS: 1x10-6 cancer risk – 3 ppb
EPA Regions 3 & 6 screening level – 6.1 ppb
State cleanup guidelines – 3 to 85 ppb
World Health Organization – 50 ppb (10-5 cancer
risk)
 NH AGQS – 3 ppb
 NJ – 3 ppb
 Conn, Vt – 20 ppb
 Maine – 32 ppb (10-5 cancer risk)
 Mass – GW-1 of 3 ppb




Presence of 1,4 Dioxane
 Superfund Sites:


Keefe (Epping) – Max. conc. of 842 ppb
In Mar. 2004 present in 28 of 35 wells
Ottati & Goss (Kingston) – Max. conc. 260 ppb
Presence of 1,4 Dioxane (cont.)
 Likely present in wastewater discharges (0.25
mg/person/day = 1 ppb)
 Landfill leachate –




Colebrook - 98 ppb; in 21 of 34 wells
Newmarket - 610 ppb; in 22 of 29 wells
Newport 240 ppb; in 6 of 9 wells
Hopkinton - 14 ppb; in 3 of 8 wells
 Groundwater in Tokyo – 0.05 to 113 ppb, avg.
2.23 ppb
 Tama River in Japan 0.06 to 5 ppb (likely due to
flow from WWTF)
1,4-Dioxane At Haz. Waste Sites
 1,1,1-TCA AGQS – 200 ppb
 2-8% 1,4-dioxane in TCA
 Dioxane could be controlling contaminant at
TCA site (3 ppb vs. 200 ppb)
 TCA breaks down to 1,1-DCA or 1,1-DCE
 DCA could be primary contaminant w/o TCA
& dioxane be present & controlling
Dioxane Sampling Requirements
 New haz. waste sites after Jan. 30, 2008
 Sites receiving new GWMP in 2008
 GWMPs where public/ private wells sampled
 GWMPs or sampling programs where dioxane
is an identified analyte
 Haz waste sites w/ TCA, DCA, or DCE present
 Haz waste sites, salvage yards, landfills after
Jan.1, 2009
 Waiver of sampling w/ 2 rounds ND
Remediation for 1,4-Dioxane
 SVE for removal from soil but . . .
 Biodegradation in presence of THF
 GAC generally inappropriate
 Air stripping poor due to low Henry’s Law
coef. but does work (47% and 28% removal
Colebrook, 65% removal Hadco)
 AOP appears best process


Ozone/peroxide
Peroxide and UV light
Remediation for 1,4-Dioxane (cont.)
 Air sparging is ineffective
 Zero-valent iron walls don’t work
 ISCO has worked





H2O2 plus ozone
Fenton’s reagent
Permanganate
Persulfate
Ozone alone
 Phytoremediation effective
1,4 Dioxane Summary
 Highly mobile, recalcitrant compound
 Present at many haz. waste sites
 Likely present at active & inactive landfills
 Low AGQS
 May be controlling contaminant at some sites
 Can be treated in-situ by ISCO and ex-situ by
AOP
 Additional sampling results beginning 2009
will help define extent of this contaminant