Normal T/O and Landing Objectives: To demonstrate the ability to perform takeoffs and landings under normal conditions using appropriate recommended procedures. Takeoff: 1. Visually clear runway environment and base/final legs of opposing traffic 2. Make appropriate radio call for entering runway environment 3. Position flight controls appropriate for wind direction during taxi and takeoff roll 4. Align airplane with centerline, smoothly apply full power and right rudder to maintain alignment 5. Verbally verify “airspeed alive” and “gauges green” 6. As aircraft approaches Vr, smoothly apply aft yoke pressure to bring nose up 7. As aircraft lifts off, bring cowling to horizon to capture Vy and maintain coordination with right rudder 8. Track extended runway centerline with crab angle appropriate to wind direction Landing: 1. Maneuver aircraft to downwind leg of traffic pattern, make radio call 2. Abeam touchdown point, reduce power to ~1700 RPM and extend 1 notch flaps within airspeed range 3. Allow nose to drop below horizon, trim for Approach +20kt and descent ~500fpm – FORWARD YOKE 4. With runway at 45° off shoulder, begin 90° turn to base leg, make radio call 5. Apply second notch of flaps, continue descent rate, approach speed +10kt 6. Lead final turn based on wind direction and strength – HEADWIND = LATER TURN 7. After turning final, apply third notch of flaps, achieve recommended approach speed 8. On final, pitch controls airspeed, power controls altitude 9. Place runway aimpoint in center of windscreen, keep nose pointed at this point 10. Reaching threshold, reduce power, adjust back pressure to slow descent and enter ground effect 11. Allow airspeed to bleed off in ground effect, increase back pressure as airplane settles to runway 12. Touch down on main gear first, continuing to increase back pressure to keep nose up 13. Continue roll out, maintaining centerline, following through with full aft yoke pressure Common Errors: Standards: 1. Improper airspeed monitoring resulting in 1. Maintain Vy on climbout +10/-­‐5kt stall or ballooning 2. Maintain approach speed +10/-­‐5kt 2. Improper wind correction 3. Touch down within 400 feet of specified 3. Failure to gauge final turn point w/ no drift and aligned w/ runway 4. Poor flare resulting in flat or nose landing 4. Appropriate climb and descent angle 5. High airspeed on final resulting in bouncing 5. Accurate wind drift correction