Unit VIII: Motivation, Emotion and Stress
Module 37: Motivational Concepts
Motivations:
Instinct theory
Drive-Reduction Theory
Arousal Theory
Instincts and Evolutionary Psychology
Instinct
The underlying assumption of evolutionary psychology
Drives and Incentives
Drive reduction theory
Drive
Homeostasis
Figure 12.1: label each part of the figure and explain how this process works if the need is water
Optimum Arousal
Yerkes-Dodson law
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A Hierarchy of Motives
Abraham Maslow
Figure 37.3 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Label, explain and give a real life example for each of the six levels
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Strength
Weakness
Maslow’s
Hierarchy
of Needs
Optimal
Arousal
Theory
Drive
Reduction
Theory
Instinct
Theory and
Evolutionary
Psych
Theory
Module 38: Hunger Motivation
Explain Ancel Key’s Study
Physiology of Hunger
Cannon & Washburn 1912
Body Chemistry and the Brain
Role of the brain
Glucose
How does a normal hypothalamus function?
What happens when the hypothalamus is damaged?
Set point
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Basal metabolic rate
Why do some psychologists use the term set range instead of set point?
Figure 12.5: Label the digestive system showing where each hormone is produced
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Where does each hormone originate and what is its role in appetite?
Production Area and Role
PYY
Leptin
Orexin
Ghrelin
Insulin
Hormone
The Psychology of Hunger
Taste Preferences by Culture
Figure 12.6: Copy the graph and explain the graph’s meaning
Situational Influences in Eating
Social Facilitations
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Unit Bias
Food variety
Obesity and Weight control
Physiology of Obesity
Set point and metabolism
Genetic factors of obesity
Food and activity factors
Sleep loss
Social influence
Close Up: Waist Management / For Those Who Want to Lose Weight
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Module 39: Sexual Motivation
Physiology of Sex
Sexual Response Cycle : Please label the different stages of the cycle
Sexual Dysfunctions and Paraphilias
Erectile disorder
Premature ejaculation
Female orgasmic disorder
Paraphilias
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Hormones and Sexual Behavior
Two side effects of sex hormones:
1.
2.
estrogens
testosterone
testosterone in women versus other mammals
Psychology of Sex
Figure 12.8 : Explain the role of each influence
Psychological
Influences
Sexual
Motivation
Biological
Influences
External Stimuli
SocioCultural
Influences
Imagined Stimuli
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Module 40: Social Motivation, Affiliation Needs
Benefits of Belonging
Autonomy
Competence
Self esteem
Disruption of attachments
Pain of Being Shut Out
Module 41: Theories and Physiology of Emotion
Cognition and Emotion
Emotions
Two big questions of Emotion Theories
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Historical Emotion Theories
James-Lange Theory
Cannon-Bard Theory
Schachter and Singer
Two Factor Theory
Figure 13.5: Please Label the brain figure and explain the pathways of emotion
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Table 41.1 Summary of Emotion Theories
Theory
Explanation of Emotions
Your own Example
James - Lange
Cannon - Bard
Schachter - Singer
Zajonc, LeDoux
Lazarus
Module 42: Expressed Emotion
Detecting Emotion in Others
Gender and Emotion
Culture and Emotional Expression
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Label each of the basic emotions in the pictures below, compare to figure 13.11
Effects of Facial Expressions
Facial Feedback Effect
Behavior Feedback Phenomenon
Module 43: Stress and Health
Stress
Stressors
Catastrophes
Significant life changes
Daily hassles
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Figure 43.2: Review the graph and explain
The Stress Response system
Fight of flight
General adaption syndrome
Cortisol
Telomeres
Tend and befriend
Oxytocin
Figure 14.4 Copy the graph and explain
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Module 44: Stess and Illness
Psycho-physiological illness
Psychoneurommunology
Lymphocytes
Stress and Heart Disease
Coronary Heart Disease
Type A
Type B
Figure 14.6 Copy the graph and explain
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