501 YN cWN= XN6RKD LDSRNK= NVWXN HVD cWN= ^NV G HVD ^NHUN RD P5LNQX GV HNH\V HVD LN=,U FNVUMK GMXN IXIJU J6$ HNRIN LTXMK^NN@ HJ5RLZN= ^NV GNV L]QI N=U GMUK J6$ IR_TU ^NV GNVD HVD ^NHUN HVD GN4K I[MNR9 GK OD+NNRXN G HVD ^NHUN IR/UNM YN NN OV GN4K XKSV J6$ MN7 ^NV PL\I&NND \^ GV GMKF JNVD[K LMDUT GV8Q]K ^NV G YN6M IXWK ^NV G HVD G HVD GN4K GHK J6$ MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GK GHWNVM IR¿NK I/)NIU YN6M ODISU JNIXND Y+NK +NK [D+NKM IS8UN GV GNMN FXV JT J6D$ IR_TU ^NV G HVD OTNNMNVD GK L]IN IR NVN L OV IRIXNHG GN= UD GK /)NNLXN YNMD+N GK [E= J6 LMDUT GN4K GT1 IGN WNXN NVN J6$ []NHKN IR_TUKGMN GN=H GK L][IU YODUNVNWXG FXK JTE= J6$ LV9NVI\H RWJ IXWK ^NV ^NV G G GK HVD NNVNX YING ^NHUN \^ OV J6D$ LMDUT PL\I&NND YING G3SV JNVXV UV\ GK GN OD+NNRXN /RQV NK J6 IWOGK P5LNQX X HT> FXN@ GH IMWR= ODSX@ FUV JT YNNU YN6M G3SV UV\ GK YDUMN=9K GKHUNVD HVD JN\ JK HVD GN4K FNVUMK IS8UN GV ^NV J6D$ G HJ5RNGND^NK OTNNM GN=H LJ\V JK NT GM IQN [N J6 YN6M XN6RKD NVWXN GV YDU UG EO ^NV ^NV NVD HVD IXDI G GNV LZN=U IRIXHX HT'U GMXV GN L]/UNR J6 LMDUT GT1 U HZ< L]NN\K Ñ LK HÐ GNV OHN,U GMXV GV L]/UNR GV GNN=8RX HVD GHK MJK J6$ QV N HVD GNV\N RNINI7G cWN= GN L]HT>N O]NVU FXN JTYN J6$ HT>U YN6_NVI[G ^NV G HVD HDQK@ GNV\V LM YNNNIMU UNXK XE= ^NHUN ODRN=X GN GNN=I8RU X JNV LNXN U)NN GNV\V GV YNNUNVD GV GNMN HT>U GNV\V GK >NLU HVD I[MNR9 YNE= J6$ EOGV LIMNNH/RL NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV HVD GNV\V GV P5LNQX HVD GHK YNE= J6 YN6M HND[ YXTHNXNVD RD P5LNQX \^NVD GN IX(XUM I\V OD NNVNX GNXZXK FNJM GV ^NV IQ>NNN OD NNVNX XJKD [N J6$ RNINI7G JT J6D$ MN9K GNV\N GNV\N >NXX GDLIXNVD HVD IXWK ÑX OK ^NV G OKÐ GK GK YXTHIU GV L9a9VQNMK OV NVD HVD Y31K -VNK GV IMWRNV GNV FNXV GV I\V Y8RVNN ING\NLNVD HVD UVWK \NXV GK QCI9 OV L]5X NT IGV [V J6D$ L]N)NIHG RNINI7G cWN= YNLZIU= GK L]RCIµNND NVWXN ONMNK HVD GV IQ>NNE= LJ\V [E= UKX J6D$ RNNV EOOV GV QN6MNX L]QI N=U L]N)NIHG JNVUN J6 IG RNINI7G ODLZN= cWN= NVWXN YNLZIU= YRIN HVD GK L]RCI¿NND L]N)NIHG cWN= PL\&NUN GK L]IU NU GK L]5NI NU RNIN=G RCI QM GK UT\XN HVD RNIN=G YN6OU RCI QM L]IU NU MJK J6$ EO YRIN HVD OG\ "NMV\Z P5LNQ ÑWK 0K LKÐ GK RCI QM L]IU NU )NK WNV L]IU NU GV NVWXN \^ OV GH J6$ I4M +NK VON L]UKU JNVUN J6 IG L]N)NIHG cWN= GV I\V HND[ GK I/)NIU POOV GH J6 WNV NVWXN U6NM GMUV OH ONVSK [E= )NK$ L]N)NIHG RNINI7G cWN= GK YNR GUND ¿G¾ LV9NVI\H L]NMDI+NG YXTHNXNVD GV YXTONM@ NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= HVD LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GK HND[ IHI\X 9X JNVXV GN YXTHNX )NN ÑIR_TU cWN= GV I\V UM\ ENX YNR GUN GNV 1NV0GMÐ$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 502 XN6RKD NVWXN GV LJ\V UKX RNNV GV QN6MNX RN/UIRG RCI QM L]IU NU F6%UK J6$ IQ J RCI L]RCI¿N FXK MJUK J6 UNV RN= GV QN6MNX LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GK >NLU \[+N[ IHI\ 9X JNV[K IWOHVD IR_TU P5LNQX GV I\V UM\ ENX GK YNR GUN +NK NNIH\ J6$ ONMNK L]N)NIHG RNINI7G cWN= YNLZIU= GK L]RCIµNND ¿H 9K YNV E=¾ RN/UIRG RN/UIRG RN/UIRG \^ /RQV NK P5LNQX GNV\N G3SN UV\ L]NGCIUG [6O I\;XNE9 LX IFW\K XNI+NGK cWN= WNV0 ¾ IXR\ YNNU /9NG LIMRU=X ÑÐ YDUMN=9K FDGO= ÑÐ GT\ RNINI7G cWN= YNLZIU= ¾ ¾ YXTHNIXU NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= HVD /RQV NK O]NVUNVD OV G3SV UV\ RD L]NGCIUG [6O GN YXTHNIXU P5LNQX H N IHI\ HKI9G 9X ÑH H 9KÐ YN6M FK OK H J6$ RN= U)NN GV QN6MNX RN/UIRG P5LNQX \^NVD OV GH MJN YN6M EO L]GNM NVWXN \^ L]N,U XJKD JNV LN[N$ NNVNX ^NHUN HVD H H 9K ÑIHI\ HK 9XÐ OV FGM NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= UG IH HK 9X JNVXV GN \^ )NN LMDUT RU=HNX YXTHNX J L]QI N=U GMUV J6D IG NVWXN GV YDU UG J ^NHUN IH HK 9X UG LJTS OGUK J6 YN6M "NMV\Z HND[ LZMK GMXV GV I\V EOGV LN=,U OV YING JNVXV GK YN NN J6$ YNNUNVD LM IX+N=MUN J6$ "NMV\Z UV\ P5LNQX X FXV GNV QV>NUV JT UV\ GN YING YNNU YIXRN= L]UKU JNVUN YU cWN= YNNU IX+N=MUN YN%RKD NVWXN GV YDU HVD \[+N[ L]IU NU GK UT\XN HVD FGM XN6RKD NVWXN GV YDU HVD \[+N[ L]IU NU JNVXV GK YN NN J6$ RN= GV QN6MNX G3SV UV\ RD LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GN RN/UIRG YNNU H N IH HK 9 YN6M IH HK 9X )NN$ YXTHNX J6 IG GV QN6MNX IH HK 9X G3SV UV\ YN6M IH HK 9X LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GN YNNU IGN WN[N$ EOGV Y\NRN IXWK ^NV G `NMN IH HK 9X LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GN YNNU IGN WN[N$ IQ JK L]RCI¿N FXK MJUK J6 UNV XN6RKD [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 503 NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= GV QN6MNX G3SV UV\ GK YNNU YNR GUN IM4NEXMKW GV L]SN\X /UMNVD GNV QV>NUV JT IH HK 9X GV FKS JNV[K$ ¿>N¾ GNV\N NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV HVD GNV\V GK >NLU XV L]IU NU GK YXTHNIXU YN6OU RNIN=G OI(HI\U RCI GK UT\XN HVD L]IU NU GK BNN5HG RCI L]QI N=U GK$ EO GHK GV HT> GNMN YN6_NVI[G ^NV JNVXN@ ODONNXNVD GK GHK G HVD HDQK@ XV GNV\N YNNNIMU )NH=\ LNRM /9V NXNVD GK /)NNLXN X GV GNMN IR_TU HND[ HVD I[MNR9 GV GNMN E/LNU ^NV GV RW W6OV HVD F0V GNV\V GNV\N GV NT<G PL+NNV'UNYNVD HT'U GV ^NV G `NMN G `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¿[¾ IR_TU XN6RKD NVWXN HVD NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= HVD IFI\X GV 0&<T S IR_TU P5LNQX GN \^ M>NN [N J6 IWOHVD OV IF GV 0&<Z S ZI9I\I9NVD OV YN6M NVN [6M ZI9I\I9NVD OV J6$ NVWXN GV LJ\V UKX RNNV GV I\V ZI9I\I9NVD OV IR_TU P5LNQX GK RNIN=G RCI QM \[+N[ L]IU NU F6%UK J6 WNV L]IU NU GK RNIN=G RCI QM GV \I^NU YXTHNXNVD GK UT\XN HVD J6$ IQ JK L]RCI¿N FXK MJUK J6 UNV HVD ZI9I\I9NVD OV P5LNQX IFI\X GV 0&<Z S GV L]NMDI+NG YXTHNXNVD GK UT\XN HVD IFI\X GV 0&<Z S JNV[N \[+N[ IFI\X GV 0&<T S GK GHK GNV L]QI N=U GMUN J6$ LMDUT [6M ZI9I\9K ^NV WNV G `NMN HVD IFI\X GV 0&<Z S GN \^ L]N,U GMXV GK OD+NNRXN J6$ XN6RKD NVWXN HVD @ HV RN GN ^NHUN R"N=X \^ M>NN [N J6$ NVWXN GV LJ\V UKX RNNV HVD HV RN GK ^NHUN RCI L]N,U GK [E= J6$ YXTHNX J6 IG FGNN QNV RNNV HVD OD+NNIRU ^NHUN RCI @ HV RN GK JNV[K IWOOV XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX @ HV RN GK GT\ OD+NN2 ^NHUN RCI JNV[K WNV NVWXN \^ GK L]IU NU PL\I&N JNV[K$ XN6RKD NVWXN HVD NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= HVD IHI\ HK 9X G3SV UV\ IHI\ HK 9X GNV\V YN6M +NZ9NX OV IFI\ IG RN IFW\K GK GT\ YNNU YNR GUN IXNN=IMU GK [E= J6$ XN6RKD NVWXN GV OD NNVINU YXTHNXNVD HVD IH HK 9X G3SV UV\@ IH HK 9X GNV\V YN6M +NZ9NX OV IH IG RN IFW\K GK YNR GUN GN ODGVU J6$ ONMNK HVD XN6RKD NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= HVD RNINI7G cWN= GV P5LNQX@ >NLU U)NN YNNU YNR GUN GN ONMND N IQN [N J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 504 ONMNK RN= HVD L]N)NIHG RNINI7G cWN= GN P5LNQX@ >NLU RD YNNU YNR GUN XN6RKD NVWXN GV HNRIN OHK^NN GV YIUIM'U YXTONM YXTONM YNNU P5LNQX ÑIH HK 9XÐ HND[# >NLU ÑIH HK 9XÐ GNV\N – – – YNNU ÑIH HK 9XÐ NZ8 I\;XNE9 – P5LNQX ÑIH HK 9XÐ G3SN UV\ – – – ¾ P5LNQX ÑIH HK 9XÐ >NLU ÑIH HK 9XÐ YNNU ÑIH HK 9XÐ L]NGCIUG [6O – P5LNQX ÑIH HK 9XÐ IFW\K – – – XNI+NGK ^NHUN ÑHV[N RN9Ð LRX IR_TU P5LNQX Ñ"NV RN9 "NDÐ LX IR_TU ÑHV[N RN9Ð I9,LNK ¾ IR_TU P5LNQX JVUT HND[ NNIH\ XJKD J6$ YDIUH RNINI7G cWN= >NLU YDIUH RNINI7G cWN= >NLU HVD GNV\V GN IJ/ON GH JNVUN WN MJN J6 WFIG UV\ RD L]NGCIUG [6O U)NN IFW\K GN IJ/ON F MJN J6$ RN= HVD YDIUH cWN= >NLU HVD UV\ RD [6O GN IJ/ON \[+N[ L]IU NU )NN$ XN6RKD NVWXN HVD YDIUH RNINI7G cWN= GK HND[ Y)N=2R/)NN GK RCI QM YN6M IRI+N8X PL+NNV'UN ^NV HND[ LM IX+N=M GMUK J6$ ONMNK HVD Y85 PL+NNV[ IR \VNN YN6M XN6RKD >NLU GV I\V GNVD GK OJRUK= NVWXN GV YDU HVD OG\ "NMV\Z P5LNQ RCI GV ON)N IL1\K >NLU GV OJ ODFDN GV YNNNM LM YXTHNIXU YDIUH RNINI7G cWN= >NLU GNV IQ>NNN [N J6$ OD NNVINU YXTHNX XN6RKD NVWXN YXTHNXNVD GV I\V IRSNIMU NNMNNYNVD LM YNNNIMU J6D$ ONMNK XN6RKD NVWXN HVD RNINI7G cWN= GK YDIUH >NLU GV I\V YXTHNIXU HND[ HQ XN6RKD NVWXNXTONM HNRIN LTXMK^NNXTONM IFW\K ÑIF IG RNÐ LV9NV P5LNQ ÑIH HK 9XÐ ¾ ¾ ¾ GNV\N ÑIH HK 9XÐ ¾ L]NGCIUG [6O ÑIF "ND HKÐ ¾ I9,LNK ¾ ¾¾ IR_TU P5LNQX GV I\ HND[ NNIH\ XJKD J6$ IR_TU P5LNQX GV I\ HND[ NNIH\ GK [E= J6$ EO OH \[+N[ L]IU NU GNV\V GK >NLU@ L]IU NU UM\ ENX GK >NLU YN6M \[+N[ L]IU NU L]NGCIUG [6O GK >NLU IR_TU P5LNQX GV I\ J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 505 HNRIN HNH\NVD HVD YDIUH YN6_NVI[G ^NV LTXMK^NN J RNINI7G L]QI N=U cWN= >NLU J6 GH IG J6$ GNV\V@ WJND L]NGCIUG UG GNV\V [6O GN YN6M L] X IFW\K GV IR_TU RD J6 GNVD HVD L]5^N >NLU YNR GUNVD GH JNV [E= J6D$ LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GK HND[ HVD RCI HT>U LIMRJX RD IR_TU ^NV GMUK cWN= ^NV GNVD GV GNMN J6$ G GV IRI+N8X PL ^NV GNVD GN HNRING HZ<NDGX XKSV GV L6MN[]N4NVD HVD IQN [N J6$ IR_TU ^NV G \^ RD L]N)NIHGUN RN\V ^NV IR_TU ^NV IR_HNX ODD NVD G HVD HT> L]N)NIHGUN RN\V ^NV OV YINGUH \N+N@ OND/)NNIXG RD IRNNK GN=UD [TNR¿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ÑY)NN=Ua L]IU NUÐ RNIN=G )NN$ IQ JK L]RCI¿N FXK MJK UNV HVD WXNVLNV[K OVRNYNVD `NMN P5LNQX IFI\ IG RN GV \^ GK UT\XN HVD IFI\ IG RN UG JNV[N WNV IFI\ IG RN GK GHK GNV L]QI N=U GMUN J6$ RU=HNX L]RCI¿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¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 506 GMXV GV I\V YNR G XKIU[U NDSN PISU L OV XJKD FX LNN J6$ MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GK >NMNF IR¿NK JN\U IR¿NK OHNLX L]N,U GMXV HVD G F0K GI%XNE= J6$ ONMNK XN6RKD NVWXN YRIN HVD ^NHUN RCI GV \^ RD PL\I&N ÑHV RN HVDÐ RKD NVWXN RN/UIRG RN/UIRG GN \^ RKD NVWXN GN \^ GN OD+NNIRU OD NNVINU RN/UIRG GV8Q] \^ ÑÐ MN7# OD"N MN7 ÑÐ IXWK ^NV G ÑÐ NV[ ÑÐ ÑGNV%G HVD IQ>NNV [V YNDG0V L]IU NU PL\I&N GNV Q NN=UV J6DÐ ONMNK XN6RKD NVWXN GV YDU HVD L]5NI NU P5LNQX ^NHUN ¿HV RN HVD¾ LX IFW\K GNV ^NHUN XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX OD+NNIRU RCI GNV GT\ OD/)NNILU ^NHUN )NH=\ XNI+NGK NV[ LX IFW\K ^NHUN HVD L]IU NU YN6M UNLK ^NHUN HVD L]IU NU UG GK 7NQN GHK JNV[K$ NVWXN ^NV YRIN GV QN6MNX HV RN GK XNI+NGK cWN= ^NHUN RCI GK WN[K$ GRNM GHK GN L]IU NU EO L]GNM J6 GV8Q]K L]IU NU@ MN7 \[+N[ L]IU NU YN6M IXWK ^NV G LIMNVWXNVD GHK GN L]IU NU$ YN%RKD +NNMK MN7 NVWXN /UM OV IS8UN ^NV S\ GN G MJK HT> HVD GHK J6D$ YING LMDUT GNMN J6$ HN GV8Q]K IXWK N HVD YN6M ^NV XJKD IXWK G HVD ^NV J6 G GHK 'NVDIG YINGND N LIMNVWXNYNVD GN HT> HVD GNMN LIMNVWXNYNVD GN IR¿NK OHNLX L]N,U X JNVXN J6$ XRKGMN RD YNNTIXGKGMN GN=H )NH=\ LNRM /9V NX )NH=\ ODD NVD GN YI>N\ +NNMUK YN6OU ODD +NNM 46'9M ÑLK \ 4Ð YN%RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX L]IU NU OV FGM L]IU NU JNV [N )NN$ EOGV HT> GNMN XRKGMN RD YNNTIXGKGMN GV L]5X )NV$ WJND XRKGMN RD YNNTIXGKGMN GN SMN LZMN GM I\N [N J6@ RJND MN7 OMGNMNVD GV LMNH N= OV IR_TU HD N\# GV8Q]K IR_TU L]NINGMN ÑOK E= Ð `NMN SMN GN GNN=8RX IGN WN MJN J6$ EO SMN GV YDU[=U )NH=\ /9V NX Ñ@ HV ÑÐ RN GK L]IURN= GT\ ^NHUN H GV Z )NH=\ ZIX9Ð YNUV J6D$ EOGV LZMN JNVXV LM EO GN=H OV YIUIM'U IR_TU P5LNQX JNV[N@ ÑÐ HV RN GK YINGUH NKN= ^NHUN HVD RCI JNV[K YN6M ÑÐ )NH=\ ZIX9NVD GK WKRX YRIN RN= UG F WN[K$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 507 LXIFW\K /9V NX LX IFW\K "NMNVD GV XRKGMN RD YNNTIXGKGMN U)NN P8XX GN=H GV YDU[=U HV RN GK OI(HI\U ^NHUN GK STXK [E= /GKHVD Ñ P5LNQX ZIX9Ð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Ñ HV RNÐ GV ON)N J IJ/ON XN6RKD NVWXN YRIN GV YDU HVD FGM L]IU NU JNV WN[N$ GV GV8Q] OMGNM GK RCJQ IR_TU XKIU GV YXTONM GV8Q]K# IXWK ^NV G GK LIMNVWXNYNVD HNH\V HVD LX IFW\K LIMNVWXNYNVD GV \N+N G OV YING MN7NVD GNV IR_TU YNLZIU= GMXV RN\K HV RN N EOOV YING GK ^NHUN RN\K LIMNVWXNYNVD LM \N[Z JNVUV J6D$ EO OTIRNN GN IR/UNM ODT'U ^NV G GK LIMNVWXNYNVD GV I\ +NK IGN WNXN SNIJ$ EOGV ON)N ON)N L(L +N0NMN /GKHNVD GK ^NHUN LM +NK IRSNM GMXV GK WMU J6$ SZDIG YINGUH YNR GUN RN\V OH GV QN6MNX L(L +N0NMN ODD NVD `NMN YNLZIU= GK [E= IFW\K YING HDJ[K JNVUK J6 YU IQROK HK9IMD[ OH Ñ9K YNV 0KÐ GNV YIXRN= FXNXV GK YNR GUN J6 UNIG YINGUH YNI)N=G \N+N L]N,U GMXV GV I\V VOK IFW\K GNV YNHVI\U IGN WN OGV$ EOGV Y\NRN PX PISU L]NV5ONJXNVD GV ON)N L(LWIXU +N0NMN /GKH GNV L]NV5ONIJU GMXV GK +NK YNR GUN J6 WNV RCJQ IR_TU LIMNVWXNYNVD LM \N[Z J6$ LX IFW\K IRGNO GV I\V GV8Q] XV Y[/U@ HVD G LX IR_TU XKIU GK "NNVNNN GK )NK IWOHVD G ÊIR_TU IRGNO IXIN GN OCWX GMXN IXIJU )NN$ EO OHIL=U IXIN GN PLNV[ LX IFW\K LIMNVWXNYNVD GNV IRGIOU GMXV W6OV ING\NLNVD GNV S\NXV JVUT IGN WN[N$ EO XKIU GNV LZMK [D+NKMUN GV ON)N GNN=I8RU GMXV GK WMU J6$ MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GN IRµNK IXLNQX GH 96IM4 YN6M GCIN U)NN "NMV\Z ^NV GNVD HVD +NNMK OI&O0K YN6M YODUNVNWXG L]SN\X GN=GT N\UN GV GNMN MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GK IR¿NK JN\U EX RNNV GV QN6MNX >NMNF JTE= J6$ ONMNK HVD MN7 IR_TU ^NV G GV IR¿NK IXLNQX GNV IQ>NNN [N J6$ MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GV RNINI7G HVD "NN9V@ GMNV0 OV FGM HVD YXTHNXU @ GMNV0 LM LJTS [V J6D$ RN= HVD GCIN RD "NMV\Z ^NV GNVD LM @ GMNV0 GK IXR\ OI&O0K ÑMN7NVD# OD"N MN7NVD GNV WNXV RN\K GV8Q]K NVWXN OJNUN GV L]IU NU GK QM OVÐ GV8Q]K NVWXN HVD OJNUN GE= OV [TXN FGM MN7NVD# OD"N @ MN7NVD GNV GMNV0 WNXV JNV RN\K [E= J6 IXINNVD WNV GV RN= GV QN6MNX L]IU NU OV YING J6$ J G IS8UN GN IRN J6 YN6M EOV MNVGXV GK WMU J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 508 ONMNK MN7 IR_TU ^NV G GN IRµNK IXLNQX ÑGMNV0 LVÐ G ¿OD YXT¾ ¿RN NV¾ Y GCIN F "NMV\Z OG\ OI&O0K IX(X GNV IFW\K GK IFK GV GNMN O YDUMN=7K IFK NV[ MN7 OMGNMNVD OV L]N,U YXTQNX IXR\ OI&O0K Y8 ^NV GNVD GNV IFK OV P5L8X YIN NVN GRM X GK [E= OI&O0K >N RNINI7G "NN9V x [ MNW/R WT9NR Y L]IU NU YNM YNV YNM F GCIN# IODSNE= LM L6OV L]IU ZIX9 \N[Z GMXV OV L]IU4\ QM L]IU NU IX(X GNV L]N,U GMGV YIUIM'U MNW/R L]NI,U L][IU G XWM HVD • @ HV RN GK ^NHUN RCI GV NVWXN \^ GK UT\XN HVD L]5NI NU PL\I=&N HV RN N L]IU NU JNVXV GK YN NN J6$ • • • GV8Q]K ^NV G HVD ^NHUN RCI @ HV RN GK UT\XN HVD HV RN Ñ L]IU NUÐ JNV[K$ MN7 ^NV G HVD ^NHUN RCI @ HV RN GK \^ ^NHUN GK UT\XN HVD HV RN Ñ L]IU NUÐ JNV[K$ IXWK ^NV G HVD ^NHUN RCI HV RN JNVXV GK YN NN J6 WNV HV RN GV \^ GK GVR\ \[+N[ L]IU NU J6$ IXWK ^NV G HVD +NNMK GHK GN HT> GNMN MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GK IR¿NK Y^NHUN J6 IWOGV GNMN YXTHNVIQU IXWK ^NV G GK LIMNVWXNYNVD GV I\V +NK IR¿NK OHNLX L]N,U GMXN GI%X JNV [N J6$ • • • LX IFW\K ^NHUN GV HNH\V HVD GHK \[+N[ L]IU NU YN6M )NH=\ ^NHUN HVD L]IU NU UG JNV[K$ XNI+NGK NI'U HVD ^NHUN RCI \^ GV YXTONM JNV[K$ MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GK IR¿NK I/)NIU [D+NKM ISDUN GN IRN J6$ MN IR FNV0NV GV YNDUIMG ODONNX BNN5HG FXV JT J6D$ RN= HVD EOGV ÑÐ GMNV0 JNVXV YN6M EOK YRIN GV QN6MNX RNINI7G "NN9N ÑOI&O0K MIJUÐ ÑÐ GMNV0 JNVXV GK YN NN )NK$ W6ON IG IR_TU ÑYNLZIU=Ð YINIXH HVD IXIJU J6 IXR\ IXH LIMODLI¿NNVD LM L]IU NU YNM YNV YNM L]N,U GMXV GV I\V YN6OU 96IM4 GNV YI>N\ +NNMUK YNNNM LM L6ON L]IU ZIX9 FNXV GK YNR GUN J6 Ñ L6ON L]IU ZIX9 OV L6ON L]IU ZIX9 GV FKSÐ$ • NVWXN YRIN GV QN6MNX []NHKN IR_TUKGMN GK OD+NNIRU PL\I&N L]IU NU JNV[K YN6M L(L OV9 cWN=GMN XN6RKD NVWXN YRIN GV I\V IXNN=IMU \^ GN L]IU NU JNV[N$ NVWXN LIM2 IR_TU ^NV G GV I\V XN6RKD NVWXN GN YXTHNVIQU LIM2 @@@ GMNV0 J6 WNV GT\ OMGNMK ^NV G GV LIM2 GN L]IU NU J6$ ONMNK YN6M HVD NVWXN 2 ÑMN7 RD GV8Q]Ð RD GVDQ]K ^NV G GV IR¿N LNVNN GK L][IU GNV IQ>NNN [N J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 509 ONMNK XN6RKD NVWXN GV LJ\V UKX RNNV GV QN6MNX NVWXN 2 RD YDIUH RNNV HVD L]5NI NU 2 ÑGNV%GNVD GV YNDG0V GV HZ< /UM LM J6DÐ OD RN= RKD NVWXN ÑYXTHNVIQUÐ ÑRN/UIRGÐ# OD YXT ÑRN/UIRG# OD YXTÐ GV8Q]K MN7 NV[ Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð Ñ@@Ð @ @ ÑÐ Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð @ @ ÑÐ Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð @ @ @ ÑOD YXTÐ# YXTHNVIQU ÑÐ Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð LJ\V UKX RN= Ñ Ð Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð YDIUH QNV RNNV HVD L]5NI NU Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð OD+NNIRU IXRV N Ñ@Ð Ñ@Ð Ñ@@Ð ÑL]IU NUÐ PLNV[ ONMNK XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX GV8Q]K ^NV OD RN= G IXRV N GN IRµN LNVNN YNDUIMG RD FW9 FN WK FK O LIM2 ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ODON RKD NVWXN ÑYXTHNVIQUÐ ÑRN/UIRGÐ# OD YXT ÑRN/UIRG# OD YXTÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑOD YXTÐ# YXTHNVIQU ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ LJ\V UKX RN= Ñ Ð ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ YDIUH QNV RNNV HVD L]5NI NU ÑÐ Ñо ÑÐ OD+NNIRU IXRV N ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ XN6RKD NVWXN GN L]IU NU ¾ GV /UM GK UT\XN HVD ONHN8 ODQ+N= HVD L]IU NU GK RCI QM GK G<LXN GK [E= J6$ XNI+NGK IR_TU NVWXN NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV HVD XNI+NGK IR_TU /9V NXNVD GV L]SN\XN5HG IXLNQX HVD YN%RKD GK UT\XN HVD GN4K OTNNM JTYN J6$ IR_HNX XNI+NGK IR_TU /9V NXNVD GN YN6OU LK \ 4 HVD ÑYN%RKD NVWXN GV YDU HVDÐ L]IU NU OV FGM HVD L]IU NU YN6M HVD L]IU NU JNV [N J6$ XNI+NGK IR_TU GV I\V YXTHNVIQU NVWXN LIM2 @ GMNV0 J6$ NVWXN GV LJ\V RNNV HVD I/)NM HZ<NVD LM OD+NNIRU 2 YXTHNVIQU LIM2 GN L]IU NU J6 WNV L]IU NU GV )NNXTLNU /UM GK UT\XN HVD J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 510 cWN= HJ5RLZN= YN6M OTM^NN J6$ RD /R31 cWN= GK YNR GUN GV ODQ+N= HVD XNI+NGK cWN= GN IRGNO XNI+NGK QK"N=GNI\G IR_TU GV GNN=8RX 5RIMU NVWXN IRGNO FXNXV GV GK I\V GN= IO4NIM N NVWXN GMXV JVUT RD XKIU OMGNM U6NM GMXV XV G P3S YINGNM L]N,U OIHIU GN [%X IGN J6$ IR NVN L OV XNI+NGK IR_TU LIMNVWXN GK GN4K \(FV OH FNQ P5LNQX NT GMXV GK YRIN JNVUK J6 WNV EO L]NVWXN)N= WT9NV [V ODONNXNVD GK YQN[K GK YRIN OV +NK \(FK JNVUK J6$ YU J YIXRN= J6 IG P5LNQX NT GMXV GK EO YRIN GNV GH GMXV GK QCI9 OV PL/GM L6MNHK9M YNIQ U6NM GMXV GV IXM8UM L]5X IGV WNVD$ LNMVNN ¿9NDOIH NX¾ RD IRUMN L]FDN EO L]NN\K HVD LNMVNN RD IRUMN XTGONX GN4K YING Y)NN=Ua L]IU NU UG J6 YN6M MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GK IR¿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¿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`NMN G6I,9R# OJ P5LNQX L]NV5ONIJU GMXV GK G XKIU YLXNE= )NK$ G6I,9R ODD ODD NVD GK /)NNLXN GNV GV HNI\GNVD `NMN I[]0 GNV YIUIM'U [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 511 IFW\K GK IFK@ LNMVNN NT<G GV +NT[UNX LM LNMVNN I[]0 GK PL\&NUN@ UKOMV L^N GNV IFK YNIQ GV ODFDN 4\/RL IR_TU HVD IR_TU YN%RKD ODD NVD HD NVWXN GK N\ XV YRIN OD/)NNILU GV ^NHUN XKIU ODFDNK QN6MNX HV HV HN[= IXQV= N RN RN OV OV WNMK YING FGM IGV ^NHUN @ )NV$ RN\V HV EX L]5XNVD GV [6M WXNVLNV[K RN JNV [E=$ LMDUT YINGND N MN7 OMGNMNVD GNV G6I,9R IR_TU GK >NMKQ GV I\V Y+NK /L9 YN6M LNMQ NK= XKIUND U6NM GMXK J6D WNV G6I,9R# OJ P5LNQX IR_TU ODD HNI\G GNV PISU L]IU4\ L]QNX GM OGVD 'NVDIG EXGV X JNVXV OV IR_HNX ^NHUN GN LZMN PLNV[ XJKD JNV MJN J6$ ÑW6OV GXN=9G HVD L]IU NU OV GHÐ$ G /L9 L]NO J JNV[N IG XKIUND U6NM GK WNVD YN6M VOK LIUND GNH GK WNVD IWXOV +NNMK HN N HVD >NLU RN\V PL+NNV'UN YLXK E31NXTONM YNLZIU=GUN=YNVD OV IFW\K >NMKQ OGVD$ IR_TU GV I\V /RUD WNV IR_TU ^NV NT<G UQXTONM G HVD OTNNM GN G YIXRN= U5R /RUD IXNN=MN GV8Q] IRIXNHG YNNV[ YN6M OMGNM IR_TU XV >NMKQ /RUD GMNMNVD IRIXNHG GNV IRIXNHG WVDIONVD GK /)NNLXN J6 IRIXIHU IXGNNVD@ Y)NN=Ua GMXV GV GV8Q] /UM I\V LM P¿NMQNK GV8Q]K J6D$ IR_TU IRIXNHG YNNV[ ÑOK E= YNM OKÐ YN6M MN7 /UM LM MN7 IR_TU IRIXNHG YNNV[NVD ÑO E= YNM OKÐ GK /)NNLXN GV I\V IR_TU IRIXNHG YNNV[ YINIXH@ LNIMU IGN J6$ V IRIXNHG IXGN EXOV L]NODI[G HNH\NVD RD 96IM4 IXNN=MN GV O+NK LJ\TYNVD GK HT> L OV WNDS GMVD[VD$ OK E= YNM OK GN [%X WT\NE=@ HVD IGN [N )NN YN6M J GN= GM MJN J6$ SN6QJ MN7NVD XV YLXV O E= YNM OK /)NNILU GM I\V J6D$ NVN MN7NVD `NMN YLXV O E= YNM OK GN NK"N] [%X GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GN OTNNM RD LTXOMSXN IR_TU ^NV G HVD OTNNMNVD GN PtV @ IG4NUK \N[U LM IFW\K P5LNQX GMXN@ PL+NNV'UNYNVD GNV IR ROXK YN6M Y31K IG/H GK OVRN L]QNX GMXN YN6M J OTIXI SU GMXN J6 IG J ^NV G IR¿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¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 512 IR_TU ^NV • G OTNNM RU=HNX I/)NIU IR_TU ^NV G OTNNMNVD HVD QNV FNUNVD LM WNVM QVXV GK YN NN GK [E= )NK$ LJ\N /RUD IRIXNHG YNNV[NVD GV HNH OV IRRVGLZN= 96IM4 ODMSXN GK /)NNLXN$ QZOMN@ MN7 IFW\K FNV0NV GK LTXOMSXN@ IWOGN YN N L]5VG ^NV HVD YING GN=GT N\UN \NXV GV I\ LNMVNN RD IRUMN OV P5LNQX GNV Y\[ GMXN J6$ V OTNNM S\ MJV J6D _IL L]IN GNV LZMN JNVXV HVD GN4K OH \[V[N$ • IR_TU IRIXNHG YNNV[ YINIXH@ @ WNV GV8Q] /UM LM G YNNV[ YN6M MN7 /UM LM G Y\[ YNNV[ GK /)NNLXN GV I\V R6NNIXG YNNNM L]QNX GMUN J6@ YI/U5R HVD J6$ • • GV8Q]K IR_TU IRIXNHG YNNV[ GK /)NNLXN WT\NE=@ HVD GK [E= )NK YN6M J GN= GM MJN J6$ MN7 IR_TU IRIXNHG YNNV[NVD GK /)NNLXN MN7NVD HVD GM QK [E= J6$ WJND P0KON@ JIMNNN YN6M YNDN] L]QV N XV YLXV YINIXH GV YNKX O E= YNM OK GN [%X IGN J6 RJND P¿NM L]QV N@ GXN=9G@ LI SH FD[N\@ UIH\XN0T@ LDWNF@ IQ<\K@ [TWMNU@ H L]QV N@ YNNS\ L]QV N@ HJNMN9 YN6M MNW/)NNX XV GV8Q]K IR_TU IRIXNHG YNNV[ YINIXH GV YNKX O E= YNM OK GK /)NNLXN GK J6$ • MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GK LTXOMSXN GK I/)NIU P0KON P0KON IR_TU OTNNM YINIXH@ \N[Z J6$ YNV O E= FK GNV IX(XI\I>NU HVD IR+NNIWU IGN [N J6$ LX IFW\K GV I\V YNV S LK OK )NH=\ IFW\K GV I\V YNV LK WK OK LNMVNN GV I\V ÊI[]0GNV I[]0GNV ÑODT'U ^NV G HVDÐ GK SNM OJNG GDLIXNVD `NMN IRUMN GV I\V P0KON GNV SNM WNVXNVD HVD FND9N [N J6$ FK O E] O XV LI SHK@ LZRNV=¿NM YN6M QI^NNK WNVX I\V J6D$ H WNVX E= O I\IH GNV IQN [N J6$ JIMNNN JIMNNN IR_TU OTNNM YINIXH@ \N[Z J6$ S O E= FK GNV IX(XI\I>NU HVD IR+NNIWU IGN [N J6 P5LNQX GV I\V S LK WK OK LNMVNN RD IRUMN GV I\V S RK LK X \ QNV IRUMN GDLIXND /)NNILU GK [E= J6D XN)N= I0OGNVH ÑODT'U P_H JNVXV GK OD+NNRXNÐ ONP)N I0OGNVH L]QV N YNDN] L]QV N IR_TU OTNNM YINIXH@ \N[Z J6$ YN L] MN IR FNV0= GNV IX(XI\I>NU HVD YNDN] IR+NNIWU IGN [N J6 P5LNQX GV I\ YNDN] L]QV N P5LNQX GDLXK LNMVNN RD IRUMN GV I\V YNDN] L]QV N 9NDOGNV@ YXVG IRUMN GDLIXNVD GN [%X IGN WNXN J6$ PµNM P L] MN7 IR_TU FNV0= GN IR+NNWX UKX IX[HNVD HVD IGN [N J6@ Y)NN=Ua P L] )NH=\ L]QV N P5LNQX IX[H@ P L] LX IFW\K P5LNQX IX[H YN6M P L] IR_TU IX[H ÑLNMVNN RD IRUMN GNNV GV I\VÐ FCJQ IR_TU LIMNVWXNYNVD GK /)NNLXN G OV YING MN7NVD GNV IFW\K GK YNLZIU= RN\V F0K ^NHUN GV ODD NVD GK /)NNLXN GV I\V GV8Q] OMGNM XV G RCJQ IR_TU LIMNVWXN XKIU GN YXTHNVQX IGN )NN$VOV RCJQ ODD NVD GK ^NHUN )NH=\ GV HNH\V HVD HV RN N YING YN6M LX IFW\K LIMNVWXNYNVD GV HNH\V HVD HV RN LIMNVWXNYNVD YN6M GNV POOV IQV YING WNVD[VD$ JNV[K$ XKIU GV OKHN NT<G YDU[=U G YNIQ IR_TU OV 1Z9 2NLNM W6OV GT1 IX[H ÑLK L]NV5ONJX 9K OKÐ EX RCJQ LIMNVWXNYNVD OV IFW\K >NMKQV[N YN6M LK 9K OK U)NN MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GV FKS I`L^NK GMNM GV YDU[=U MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GNV IFW\K FVSV[N$ IQ GNVE= MN7 IR_TU FNV0= GNV +NT[UNX XJKD GMUN J6 UNV XKIU HVD GV8Q]K NVWXN OJNUN GV MN7 GV IJ/OV YN6M QZOMV G9N6UK GMXV YN6M LK 9K OK GNV +NT[UNX GMXV GN L]NRNNX J6$ LMDUT ONHNIWG ^NV J/UNDUMNNVD OV G GV YNKX L]N)NIHGUN RN\K /GKHNVD HVD +NT[UNX X GK [E= QVUNYNVD GV L]/UNIRU OHNNVWX GN L]+NNR W6OV GT1 HTtNVD GNV O+NK ODFDINUNVD GK ODUTI9 GV YXTL J\ GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 513 UGXKGK YNI)N=G /RKGCIU GV I\V GV8Q]K IR_TU L]NINGMN OKHN FNXN OMGNM XV OMGNMK ^NV OKÐ# IXRV N /RKGCIU GNV G HVD XE= LIMNVWXNYNVD GV I\V UGXKGK YNI)N=G /RKGCIU Ñ9K E= OM\ FXNXV GV I\V GNM=RNE= NT GK E6$ IXWK ^NV G GV I\V L]IUNV[K FNV\K LM 96IM4 YNNNIMU )NH=\ LIMNVWXNYNVD JVUT GV8Q]K IR_TU L]NINGMN ÑOK E= Ð `NMN 9K E= OK GK OKHN FNGM GMNV0 YN6M 96IM4 YNNNIMU VOK Y8 IXWK )NH=\ LIMNVWXNYNVD GV I\V GMNV0 GM QK [E= J6$ IXWK LX IFW\K LIMNVWXNYNVD GV I\V WNV L]IUNV[K FNV\K LM YNNNIMU J6D@ J OKHN GMNV0 M>NK [E= J6$ G OV YING MN7NVD GNV IR_TU YNLZIU= JVUT VOK P5LNQX G(LXK `NMN U6NM GK [E= LIMNVWXN GV HNH\V HVD J YINGUH MN7 OMGNM OKHN GV @ LNO XJKD GMNV0 J6 YN6M J6 IWOGN IWOGN /RNIH5R GV8Q]K LZN= OMGNM N `NMN YNDI NG L]NINGCU L OV GV8Q] N IGOK OIHIU N IXGN `NMN L]/UNIRU /GKH GV YXTL YXTHNVQX IGN [N J6$ IXWK ^NV G IXRV N YXVG /RQV NK YN6M IRQV NK L^NGNMNVD XV GT\ HV RN IR_TU P5LNQX ^NHUN /)NNILU GMXV HVD IS IQ>NNE= J6 ODLZN= QV N HVD /)NNXNVD LM EX ^NHUNYNVD GN L]/UNR IGN [N J6$ V L]/UNR PISU L]NINGNIMNVD `NMN IRI+N8X /UMNVD LM IRSNMNNKX J6D$ YINGND N HNH\NVD HVD L^NGNMNVD GNV Y+NK MN7 OMGNMNVD# MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GV ON)N IFW\K >NMKQ GMNMNVD ÑLK LK Ð GNV YDIUH L QVXN J6 LIMNVWXNYNVD GV I\V IR¿N LNVNN L]FDNNVD GNV L'GN GMXV JVUT LK LK G YIXRN= LZRN=LV^NN J6$ EX L]/UNRNVD LM UVWK OV GNM=RNE= ONMNK HVD Q NN=N [N J6 XN6RKD NVWXN HVD IR_TU ^NV GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ W6ON IG G HVD RN/UIRG ^NHUN RCI OD+NRU HV RN JNV[K WNV HV RN GV \^ GN \[+N[ L]IU NU J6$ LN=RMN YN6M LNIMI/)NIUGK XN6RKD QCI9 OV NVWXN +NNMUK GV Q/UNRVW GNV\N HVD ODG9LZN= LN=RMING J6 IWOGN L]FDN GNV PLNV[ P3S )NH=\ L]N)NIHGUN IR_TU QK P5LNQX WNUN J6$ EO IG/H GV GNV\V HVD L]IU NU OV +NK YING MN>N GK HN [E= GV J6$ I\V EO IGN N JNVUK J6 YN6M EO MN>N GV IXL9NX GK WMU J6$ RNT L]QZNN GH OV GH GMXV GV I\V ON4 OT)NMK GNV\N L]N6_NVI[GK GNV L]NV5ONIJU IGN WNXN J6$ QZOMN HTtN WKRNVD RD RX/LIUNVD GV LTXRN=O RD LTX/)NN=LXN U)NN ODM^NN GN J6 WNV F0K LX IFW\K LIMNVWXNYNVD GK /)NNLXN GV I\V G F0K Y0SX HD J6$ N\ GK IGOK IR_TU LIMNVWXN GV I\V LN=RMN RD RX GK QCI9 OV LN=RMN RD RX /RKGCIU GK YNR GUN JNVUK J6 Y)NN=Ua G ONDIRING YNR GUN J6$ LN=RMN RD RX HD LIMNVWXN GV GNN=8RX OV LJ\V J N\ XV L]QZNN GV >NUMV GNV GH GMXV GV I\V )NH=\ /9V NXNVD GNV PISU IXQV= N WNMK IGV J6D IG RV WZX@ OV NNVINU GNV\V GN PLNV[ GMVD IWOHVD L]IU NU OV YING MN>N YD N X JNV$ J L]IUFDN PX )NH=\ ODD \N[Z JNVUN J6 WNV IL9JV0 OV IH HK QZMK LM J6D YN6M NJMK ^NV Y5ING L]QZINU E\NGNVD IL9JV0 )NH=\ ODD HVD I/)NU J6D +N\V JK IL9JV0 OV PXGK NVD LM NVD# ODRVQX NK\ /)NNXNVD# QZMK IGUXK +NK JNV _IL EOGN YLRNQ J6$ J OD+NR L]UKU XJKD JNVUN J6 IG EO IQ NN HVD JNV MJK NKHK L][IU OV IXNN=IMU UNMK>N UG J GNN=I8RU JNV LNV[N$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 514 cWN= ODM^NN cWN= ODM^NN GK IR NVN L OV IFW\K GK HND[ RD YNLZIU= GV YDUM GNV GH GMXV HVD HJ5RLZN= +NZIHGN J6$ []KX JNPO [6O P5OW=X GH GMXV GV YDUMN=9K L]5XNVD HVD cWN= GK FSU RN\V IRG<LNVD GK YNR GUN LM WNVM IQN [N J6$ YXNVD XV J L]QI N=U IGN J6 IG cWN= GN4K YN6M P5LNQX@ [TDWNE N I NN ZIX9 GH GV OV cWN= LNMVNN RD J6$ PL+NNV'UN ^NV GT1 GH [IU NK\ L]IU NU IRUMN U)NN cWN= GV Y8 PLNV[ HVD cWN= FSU GK HVD +NNMU HVD YINGND N YN6_NVI[G ING\NL IRGIOU QV NNVD IRGNO NK\ OV QV NNVD L]IU NU GK UG cWN= >NLU GK UT\XN YING cWN= GK >NLU cWN= GK >NLU RN\V GT1 +NNMUK P_NV[@ IW8JVD IXD HVD L]IU GMUV P5,NNQX J6D$ YING N HT'U IGN [N J6@ W6OV IG \NVJN@ E/LNU@ OKHVD9@ GN[W RD \T;QK@ XV YLXK P5LNQX \N[U HVD cWN= GN IJ/ON GN4K GH GM IQN J6$ GV8Q] OMGNM `NMN G 2NLG cWN= ODM^NN IRNVG GN YXTHNVQX IGN [N J6 YN6M ODOQ `NMN EOV YINIXIHU IGV WNXV GK L]UK^NN GK WN MJK J6$ EO IRNVG HVD UKX HT> L]NRNNX IXIJU J6D IWXGV IX(XI\I>NU \^ J6D ÑGÐ PL/GM RD PLGMN@ PLGMNNVD GV \VFI\D[ GN=H GV I\V 8ZXUH cWN= FSU HNXG IXNN=IMU GMXN$ Ñ>NÐ cWN= ODM^NN IXHN=N GNV0 U6NM GMXN YN6M Ñ[Ð cWN= L]FDNGNVD GK IXTI'U@ cWN= \V>NN LMK^NN YN6M cWN= ODM^NN /GKHVD U6NM GMXV OIJU IXNN=IMU PL+NNV'UNYNVD JVUT L]IN HNXQD0NVD GV IRIXHX JVUT PLN GMXN$ []NHKN IR_TUKGMN GN=H [NDRNVD @ \N>N YNFNQK RN\V [NDRNVD Ñ GK WX[NXN GV YXTONMÐ HVD \[+N[ \N>N GN GV YDU UG IR_TUKGMN IGN [N J6 WNV []NH IR_TUKGMN GV YI>N\ +NNMUK YN6OU /UM GN L]IU NU J6$ EOK UMJ QV N HVD \N>N L(LOV9NVD GK ^NHUN HVD OV \N>N L(L OV9NVD GN HNS=@ UG cWN=GMN GM IQN [N J6$ NVWXN GV LJ\V UKX RNNV GV QN6MNX IXNN=IMU \^NVD GK UT\XN HVD [N]HKN IR_TUKGMN GK L][IU YN6M XN6RKD NVWXN GV YDU HVD OD+NNIRU GT\ PL\I&N GNV XKSV ONMNK HVD IQ>NNN [N J6$ ONMNK XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX IR_TUKGMN GK L][IU RN= \^ PL\I&N L]IU NU PL\I&N @ @ Ñ@Ð ÑÐ ÑÐ @ @ Ñ@Ð @ ÑYXI8UHÐ @ ÑOD+NNIRUÐ RKD NVWXN @ @ ÑOD+NNIRUÐ ÑGNV%G HVD IQV [V YNDG0V GT\ \^NVD HVD []N IR IX[H GK PL\I&N GNV L]QI N=U GMUV J6DÐ NVWXN GV UKX RNNV GK IXLNQX LTXMK^NN@ YNNS\ L]QV N@ YOH@ IFJNM@ HV"NN\ YN6M LI SH FD[N\ MN7NVD HVD []NHKN IR_TUKGMN GK NKHK L][IU GNV L]QI N=U GMUK J6$ EOGV GNMNNVD HVD [NDRNVD GN GI%X RD QTJ /)NNXNVD HVD JNVXV OV IFW\K X LJTDSXN@ EX MN7NVD GV MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV# IR_TU IR+NN[NVD GK >NMNF IR¿NK I/)NIU YN6M EOV Y\N+NGNMK GN=H OH!GM [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 515 PXGN EOV JN)N HVD X \VXN YNIQ NNIH\ J6$ J MN7 IR_TU FNV0=@ []NHKN IR_TUKGMN IX[H ÑYNM E= OKÐ GNV +NNMK FGNN NXN NI N GN +NT[UNX GMXV HVD YOH)N= MJV J6D YN6M G ODUNVNWXG YQN[K OH OZSK L]/UTU XJKD GM LNV J6D$ QT[=H IR_TUKGMN /)NNXNVD HVD IGV J6D WNXV IW8JVD RN\V ON6M \[+N[ cWN=@ \"NT @ [NDRNVD LXIFW\K HVD RD OV \[+N[ FNNVHNO IR_TU QZM W6OV QMNW RD IRGV8Q]KGCU YLM(LMN[U cWN= O]NVUNVD GV WIM GRM GMXV GK WMU J6$ []NHKN IR_TUKGMN LIMNVWXN GV 8ZXUH YNR GUN GN=H ÑH X LKÐ XNHG "N9G GN GNN=8RX YN6M POOV YN[V ODFDINU MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GV HNH OV MN7 OMGNMNVD `NMN OKNV JK IGN WN[N$ GV8Q] GV EO IXN= OV FGNN [NDRNVD@ WNV YINGND NU H X LK MN7NVD HVD J6D@ HVD IR_TUKGMN /GKH L]+NNRGNMK L OV GNN=I8RU GMXV HVD HQQ IH\V[K$ XN6RKD NVWXN YRIN GV QN6MNX L(LOV9 cWN=GMN@ WNV []NHKN IR_TUKGMN /GKH GN QZOMN F0N "N9G J6@ GV IX(XI\I>NU \^# PL\I&NND J6D ÑONMNK Ð$ ONMNK RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX L(LOV9 cWN=GMN GK L][IU RN= \^ PL\I&N @@ @@ Ñ@@Ð ÑÐ @@ L]IU NU PL\I&N @@ Ñ@@Ð ÑÐ @@ @@ ÑYXI8UHÐ ÑOD+NNIRUÐ ÑGNV%G HVD IQV [V YNDG0V GT\ \^NVD HVD []N IR IX[H GK PL\I&N GNV L]QI N=U GMUV J6DÐ IR_TU ^NV G GV I\V HNRING L]5X IR_TU ^NV ÑÐ G GV HNRING HZ<NDGX OV P5L8X GT1 HJ5RLZN= HTtV EO L]GNM J6D MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GK IS8UNWXG I/)NIU G ODG9LZN= I/)NIU Q NN=UK J6$ WF UG IR¿NK EO ^NV O^NHUN FJN\ GMXV GV U5GN\ GQH XJKD P%NV WNUV UF UG G HVD X UNV OMGNMK IXRV N \^ L]N,U GMXN OD+NR JNV[N YN6M X IXWK IXRV N YNGIN=U GMXN OD+NR JNV[N$ ÑÐ _IL P0KON@ JIMNNN YN6M YNDN] L]QV N W6OV GT1VG MN7NVD XV MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV GN IR+NNWX GMGV OTNNM L]IN GK NTYNU GK J6 LMDUT Y8 MN7NVD HVD WJND OTNNM IO NT JNV JNV MJN STGV J6$ J6D 96IM4 OTNNM FNVUMK L]IN GNV GNV UVW GNN=I8RU GMXV GK GMXN WMU J6 G GI%X UNIG EOV GN= XN6RKD NVWXN GV YDU UG LZMN IGN WN OGV$ ÑÐ P3S LK \ 4 LNMVNN RD IRUMN JNIXNVD HVD GHK RD ENX >NLU HVD G9N6UK U)NN MNW/R GN=GT N\UN ROZ\K GK HVD OTNNM O4\UN W6OV IR_TU ^NV PISU L]FDNX G GV OTNNMNVD YN6M ODLZN= P3S NV;UN LM IX+N=M GMV[K IWOV [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 516 L]FDNGK /9N4 GV L]I N^NN RD FVJUM L]FDNGK L]INYNVD GV `NMN OTQC GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ ÑÐ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ÑÐ G6I,9R IR_TU P5LNQX GK G VOV RNUNRMN HVD HJ5RLZN= +NZIHGN J6 WJND IFW\K GK OH[] L OV GHK J6$ LMDUT G6I,9R P5LNQX GV FNMV HVD RU=HNX XKIU GN4K /L9 XJKD J6$ IR_TU HD N\ `NMN G6I,9R /9V NXNVD OV I[]0 GNV LNMVNN NT<G GK YQN[K RD UKOMV L^N GNV IFK GV `NMN YIUIM'U IFW\K GK IFK JVUT XKIU IXQV= N WNMK GM IQV [V J6D$ LMDUT YINGND N MN7 OMGNMNVD GNV Y+NK G6I,9R IFW\K GK >NMKQ YN6M PO UMKGV GV ODFDN HVD /L9 RD LNMQ NK= XKIU U6NM GMXK J6 IWOOV G6I,9R# OJ P5LNQX ODD HNI\GNVD GNV PISU L]IU4\ IH\ OGV$ VOK PISU XKIUNVD RD OND/)NNIXG L]FDNNVD GK YNR GUN J6 IWXGV `NMN VOV G6I,9R ODD NVD GK P5LNIQU IFW\K GN E=9UH PLNV[ JNV OGV$ ÑÐ P5LNQX EGNENVD GNV PL\&N GM IMNUVD LNMVNN RD IRUMN EGNENVD GNV +NK IH\XK SNIJ Y8)NN MN7NVD GNV OTNNM NT GMXV GN L]NV5ONJX XJKD IH\V[N$ ÑÐ LDILU +ND0NMN /GKH _IL HDJ[K JNVUK J6@ LMDUT ORN=ING YNR GUN GK YIUIM'U IFW\K L]N,U GMXV GV I\V ONNX L]QNX GMUK J6 IWOOV L]NN\K GN FVJUM L]FDNX JNVUN J6$ GT1 IR¿NK L]NV5ONJX VOK /GKHNVD GV IRGNO HVD OJNG JNVD[VD$ XN6RKD NVWXN GK NVN YRIN GV QN6MNX YI[]H GNM=RNE= NT GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ ÑÐ XRKGMN RD YNNTIXGKGMN ÑYNM 0 HÐ HVD IXRV N OV XE= P5LNQX ^NHUN GK UT\XN HVD /L9U \N[U \N+N L]N,U J6$ YNM 0 H GNNV RD GN=GN\ GN=H HVD UVWK GV L]5XNVD GK YNR GUN J6$ ÑÐ []NHKN IR_TUKGMN OJGNIMUNYNVD@ [6M GN=H OMGNMK GNV UVW OD[%XNVD GMXV ÑX WK GV I\V@ YNVÐ YN6M []NHKN Y8 LDSNUNVD@ WX []NHKN OD[%XNVD W6OV /)NNXK IXGNNVD GK +NN[KQNMK GNV L]NV5ONIJU GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 517 ÑÐ XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX IR_TU ^NV G GV IXLNQX OV ODFDINU HTtNVD GV IR \VNN# WNDS YN6M QORKD NVWXN GV I\V YI[]H GNM=RNE= OT!NXV JVUT G GN= F\ GK /)NNLXN GK WN OGUK J6$ ÑÐ FCJQ IR_TU XKIU GV YDU[=U@ IQ GNVE= MN7 IRI N9 IR_TU FNV0= LK 9K OK GNV +NT[UNX XJKD GMUN J6@ UNV LK 9K OK GNV +NT[UNX GMXV GV I\V GV8Q]K NVWXN OJNUN RD ONHNIWG Y8 ^NV G J/UNDUMNNVD GV HVD YDU[=U MN7 GV IJ/OV L]N)NIHGUNLZN= OV G9N6UK GK WN[K$ LMDUT@ /GKHNVD LM EX QVUNYNVD GV OHNNVWX GV L]+NNR W6OK GT1 Y0SXNVD GNV J\ GMXV GK WMU J6$ ÑÐ RU=HNX LIM+NNNN GV YXTONM IGOK [NDR GNV ÊIR_TUKGCU HNX I\N WN[N IQ IGOK +NK L]NVWX GV I\V [NDR GK MNW/R OKHN GV YDQM \NV[NVD GV YNRNOK /)NNX HVD IFW\K GN PLNV[ IGN WNUN JNV$ EO L]NVWX GV I\V GT1 Y8 HNXQD0 \N[Z IGV WN OGUV J6D W6OV OT!NR GV UN6M LM IR_TUKGMN RN\V "NMNVD GN G 8ZXUH L]IU NU YN6M ^NV ÑÐ HVD \N+NGNMK YNI)N=G ING\NLNVD GN OCWX$ []NH LDSNUNVD@ []NHKN OJGNIMUNYNVD@ X WK YNV U)NN Y8 WX OD[%XNVD W6OV /)NNXK IXGNNVD GK +NN[KQNMK OV []NHKN IR_TUKGMN GN=H YN6M []NHKN ^NV NVD GV YN6_NVI[GKGMN U)NN OJNV[K ING\NLNVD GNV L]+NNRGNMK L OV GNN=I8RU GMXV HVD GN4K HQQ IH\V[K$ ÑÐ ODIRNNX GV RVD OD NNVNX GV YXTOMN HVD LDSNUNVD GNV []NHKN IR_TUKGMN RD YLNM(LIMG cWN= GNV FNRN QVXV W6OV GN=HNVD GN P¿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`NMN RNINI7G GNV\N >NXX HVD IXWK ^NV G GK +NN[KQNMK GNV OTGM FXNXV OV ODFDINU J6$ ON4 OT)NMK L]N6_NVI[IGNVD@ IR.NX RD L]N6_NVI[GK@ GNV\N FV0 HK)NVX ODONNXNVD GV IRGNO YN6M GNV\N T\NE= HVD OTNNM RD F0K HN N HVD I\;XNE9 ODONNXNVD GV IRGNO GV I\V L¿NX RD MV\ YNNNIMG OTIRNNYNVD GK RCI LM NVWXN HVD WNVM IQN WNUN MJN J6$ HNRIN LTXMK^NN ONMNK YN6M ÑXKSVÐ XN6RKD NVWXN GV LJ\V UKX RNNV GV QN6MNX GNV\V GK HND[@ P5LNQX YN6M ^NV K# ODRN=XN5HG Y8RVNN YN6M RN= U)NN NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= GV \^NVD GNV L]QI N=U GMUK J6D$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 518 ONMNK +NN6IUG IX,LNQX L6MNHK9M OD XN6RKD OD NNVINU RCI QM ¿L]IU NU¾ NVWXN \^ XN6RKD NVWXN \^ RN/UIRG YXI8UH \^ GNV\N HND[ ÑIH 9XÐ HZ\ OD NNVINU ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ GV8Q]K XVRV\K MN7 [TWMNU YXTL\&N YXTL\&N GNV\N P5LNQX ÑIH 9XÐ I\;XNE9 P5LNQX ÑIH 9XÐ WK H 0K OK MNW/)NNX GT\ I\;XNE9 ODRN=XN5HG Y8RVNN ÑIHÐ ONMNK IRµNK IXLNQX NKN= OD XN6RKD NVWXN ODSK FGNN XN6RKD NVWXN HVD YXTHNVIQU ¿#¾ GN OD NNVINU LIM2 RN/UIRG YXI8UH OD YXT LIM2 GNV\N RD I\;XNE9 X \ OK ÑIR_TUÐ GT\ H YNV OK ¾ I9,LNK ¾ OD NNVINU XN6RKD NVWXN LIM2 HVD GMNV0 OK YNE= \ HVD /R6I31G OVRN IXRCI¿N /GKH GNV GNN=I8RU GMXV GV I\V J6D$ GNV\V GK HND[ NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV HVD L]IU NU GK L]/UNIRU YN6OU RNIN=G OI(HI\U RCI GK UT\XN HVD L]IU NU GK BNN5HG RCI JTE=$ EO GHK GV HT> GNMN YN6_NVI[G ^NV G HVD HDQK@ XV GNV\N YNNNIMU )NH=\ LNRM /9V NXNVD GK /)NNLXN X JNV LNXN@ ODONNXNVD GK GHK GV GNMN /9NG OV MN7 IR_TU FNV0NV >NLU GMXN YN6M `NMN GH GNV\N I`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¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 519 ONMNK ^NV GRNM GNV\N HND[# P%NX ÑIHI\ 9XÐ ^NV G OD \^ RN/UIRG XN6RKD NVWXN GK HND[ YXI8UH HZ\ OD NNVINU GNVIGD[ GNV\N E/LNU GNVG YNVRX PL NV[ GNVIGD[ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ [6M GNVIGD[ IR_TU OVRNVD OKHVD9 E/LNU 0K YNM MV\RV PR=MG \ 9K OK# ON: 9 GNVG IXN=U ÑÐ Ñ Ð ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ Ñ Ð Ñ Ð Ñ Ð G6I,9R LNRM FK YNM GV RD Y8 >NQNX >NLU [6M GNVIGD[ GN PL NV[ GT\ NV[ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ I9,LNK GNV%G HVD YNDG0V RN NMK IH0I\D[ GV J6D YN6M NV[ HVD NNIH\ XJKD J6D$ GNV\N P5LNQX GNV\V GV P%NX HVD I[MNR9 GV GNMN NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV HVD GNV\N P5LNQX LM YOM L0N IWOGK RWJ OV GNV\N GDLIXNVD GV I\ IL9JV0 HVD GNV\N +ND0NM WHN JNV WNXV GNV MNVGXV GV I\V P5LNQX IRIXIHU GMXN YNR G JNV [N$ P5LNQX L]IU NU GK ONVSK [E= RCI GK UT\XN HVD L]IU NU GK QM OV FN$ HND[ HVD I[MNR9 GV GNMN NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= HVD Ñ Ð \I^NU GNV\N P5LNQX@ IH 9X GK UT\XN HVD GH GMGV IH 9X LM OD NNVINU GMXN YNR G JNV [N$ J@ L]NMD+N HVD ONVSK [E= L]IU NU GK RCI QM GK UT\XN HVD L]IU NU GK YN6OU RNIN=G ODT'U RCI GNV L]QI N=U GMUN J6$ G(LXK RNM P5LNQX GV &N6MV XKSV ONMNK HVD IQV [V J6D$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 520 ONMNK GNV\N P5LNQX ÑIHI\ 9XÐ GDLXK XN6RKD NVWXN XN6RKD NVWXN GN \^ RN/UIRG GN OD \^ YXI8UH \^ HZ\ OD NNVINU OD GNV\ EDI0N I\ ÑOK YNE= XN6RKD NVWXN HVD L]IU NU RCI \Ð IOD[MVXK GNV GD I\ I9OGNV# EOGNV# 0K RK OK G6I,9R &\NG WNV0 YN%RKD RCIGNMK NVWXN GNV\N HVD L]N,U P5LNQX IH IH 9X 9X GK )NN$ UT\XN EOHVD OV HVD XN6RKD NVWXN IH 9X HVD LIMGI<LU P5LNQX XE= LIMNVWXNYNVD OV ÑGNV\ EDI0N I\ ÑOK YNE= \Ð IH 9X@ IOD[MVXK GNV\ GD I\IH IH 9XÐ YN6M IH 9 XV G6I,9R &\NGNVD OV L]N,U IGN WNXN )NN$ EOGK UT\XN HVD OK YNE= \ YN6M O OK OK \ `NMN /RKGCU XE= LIMNVWXNYNVD GK ^NHUN GVR\ IH 9X J6 YN6M GVR\ G G6I,9R &\NG XV \[+N[ IH 9X GN P5LNQX NT IGN J6$ EO GHK GV HT> GNMN IR_TU@ E/LNU@ HVD YN6M O OK OKHVD9 ^NV OK \ GNVD HVD `NMN Y NNDU GH YN6_NVI[G GNV\N I\ ODFDN WNXV YN6M GK GNV\N RWJ OV GDLIXNVD YLXV `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ÑX \ OKÐ GN P5LNQX \^ OV \[+N[ L]IU NU YING JTYN$ X \ OK GV HNH\V HVD XN6RKD NVWXN GN \^ IH 9X L]N,U JNV WNXV GK YN NN J6$ HND[ YNLZIU= L]FDN GNV\V GK HND[ RD P5LNQX GV HZ\ \^NVD GV FKS YDUM HVD IH 9X )NN$ EO YDUM GNV IH 9X GNVIGD[ GNV\V YN6M IH 9X [6M GNVIGD[ GNV\V GV YNNU [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 521 `NMN YN6M IGN NVN WNXN )NN$ IH 9X EOGK GNV UT\XN OK HVD YNE= YF \ `NMN OD NNVINU GNV\V HND[ RD GN QV NW P5LNQX P5LNQX YXTHNXNVD HVD FNGM LZMN GV I\V ONVSN [N YDUM IH 9X GN J6$ EOHVD OV GNVIGD[ GNV\V GK YNNU YNR GUN IH 9X JNV[K YN6M UF +NK IH 9X GN YDUM MJ WN[N$ XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX IGOK YIUIM'U YNR GUN GK LZIU= QV NW P5LNQX FNGM N OK YNE= \ GV IL9JV0 /9NG OV GNV\N \VGM GK WN[K$ LMDUT WF UG YIUIM'U P5LNQX ^NHUNYNVD GN OCWX XJKD IGN WNUN UF UG QORKD NVWXN YRIN YN6M POOV YN[V GV OH HVD QV NW GNV\N YNLZIU= LM YOM L0V[N$ GNV\N ^NV • G GN IRGNO G XWM HVD NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV HVD GNV\N >NLU RD P5LNQX HVD GHK YNE= IWOOV XN6RKD NVWXN GV \^NVD GNV OD NNVINU GMGV GH GMXN L0N$ EOGN HT> GNMN YN NN OV +NK GH NKHN YNI)N=G IRGNO YN6M XE= LIMGI<LU GNV\N YNNNIMU )NH=\ LNRM P5LNQX GK ^NHUN GN 4\K+NZU XJKD JNVXN J6$ • OD NNVINU HND[ YN6M P5LNQX \^NVD GV YXTONM@ NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= HVD IXR\ YDUM IH 9X GN JNV[N IWOHVD OV GNVIGD[ GNV\V GK YNNU YNR GUN IH 9X GK J6@ YN6M I4M +NK XNX GNVIGD[ GNV\V GK IH 9X GK GHK FXK MJV[K$ XN6RKD NVWXN GV \^NVD OV YING P5LNQX FNGM N OK YNE= \ GV IL9JV0 OV GNV\N \VGM J GHK LZMK GK WN OGUK J6$ • L]NMD+N HVD J ONVSN [N )NN IG P5LNQX GN IHI\ 9X MN9K GNV\N GDLIXNVD ÑOK YNE= \ IH 9X@ O OK OK \ IH 9XÐ GK XE= LIMNVWXNYNVD OV YN6M IH 9X XV G6I,9R &\NGNVD OV YNV[N$ EOGK UT\XN HVD NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV HVD GVR\ IH 9X ÑOK YNE= \ IH 9X@ O OK OK \ IH 9XÐ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tV IFI\ 9X GNV\N IMWR= U)NN IFI\ 9X I\;XNE9 H N GNV @@ ÊIO HK9M -VNK U)NN UG FNXN @@ HK9M )NN$ RN= MJK$ RN= YN6M GV I\V HVD \^ PL\I&N @@ HK9M GN J6$ NVWXN GV LJ\V UKX RNNV HVD L]5NI NU PL\I&N @ HK9M J6$ IQ JK L]RCI¿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¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 522 LIMNVWXN GNN=8RX XN6RKD NVWXN HVD OMGNMK ^NV G GK GNV\N GDLIXNVD OV IH 9X GNV\N P5LNQX GN \^ M>NN [N )NN IWOHVD OV IH 9X XE= LIMNVWXNYNVD OV ÑOK YNE= \ IH 9X@ O OK OK \ IH 9XÐ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ÑYNNU YNNNMNVD LM GV I\V GNVIGD[ >NT\V GNV\V ONHN8 GN \NEOVDOÐ YNNU GMUN LM J6$ YN MJN E/LNU J6$ ^NV G L]N)NIHG YNNU NT<G GNVIGD[ GNV\V LM L]IU NU YN6M [6M GNVIGD[ GNV\V LM L]IU NU J6$ JN\ JK HVD [6M GNVIGD[ GNV\V GV YNNUNVD HVD@ IR NVNGM OKHVD9 YN6M GT1 )NH=\ /9V NXNVD W6OV U9K ^NV NVD GV PL+NNV'UNYNVD `NMN UVWK IQ>NNE= [E= J6$ EOGN GNMN@ YING MV\ +NN0V L]+NNM GV GNMN QV NW GNV\V GK YING \N[U JNVXV GK UT\XN HVD O/UN YNNU J6$ GNV\V GK T\NE= GV I\V YNNNM+NZU OTIRNND MV\ T\NE= ^NHUN ^NHUNRNX GNV\N ^NV J6$ MV\RV HD FNXV GK QCI9 OV GNVFN=@ UN\SVM@ E=F YN6M P¿NMK GMXLTMN W6OV NVD HVD GT1 HJ5RLZN= MV\ I\DGNVD GV I\V GN= GMXV GN L]/UNR IGN [N N\ XV GT1 ^NV NVD HVD J GN= NT GM IQV J6D$ YN%RKD NVWXN GV YDU HVD L¿NXNVD HVD GNV\N ODSN\X ^NHUN WNV \[+N[ IH 9 )NK POV XN6RKD NVWXN GV YDU UG FNGM IH 9X GMXV GN L]/UNR J6$ EOHVD LMNQKL HVD IH 9X GK YIUIM'U ^NHUN YN6M SV8XE= HVD IH 9X GK YIUIM'U ^NHUN NNIH\ J6$ EO ^NHUN RCI GNV L]N,U GMXV GK OD+NNRXN J6$ [6M GNVIGD[ GNV\V GN NNVNX RD /R31 GNV\N L]N6_NVI[GK ¿OK OK 9K¾ LN=RMN RD RX HD N\ XV IR_TU /9V NXNVD HVD L]IU NU OV GH MN>N GK HN N RN\V GNV\V GN JK PLNV[ GMXN OV YIXRN= GM IQN J6$ LMDUT IXNN=IMU OHNRIN GV YDQM EO YNR GUN GN YXTLN\X OD+NR XJKD JNV OGUN 'NVDIG EOGV YXTL GNV\N NT\NE= [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 523 GK ^NHUNVD IR_HNX XJKD J6D$ EOGV Y\NRN /RQV NK GNV\V GV ON)N IH\NXN +NK OD+NR XJKD JNV[N 'NVDIG EOGV I\V GNV\V GN +NNMK HN IWOGK +NN6IUG YN6M IR¿NK Y0SXVD J6D$ RX RD LN=RMN HD YNNIUU GNV\V GNV N HVD YNNU GMXN L0V[N N\# GNV\N IR+NN[ `NMN EOGK LTXMK^NN GK YNR GUN J6$ GNV\N FV0 HK)NVX Y8RVNN RD QNVJX /R31 GNV\N L]N6_NVI[GK ÑOK OK 9KÐ GV YNKX XN6RKD NVWXN GN L]N)NIHGUN RN\N ^NV U)NN L]NGCIUG [6O HD ÑYNE= WK OK OKÐ J6$ EO GN= GN OH8RX GNV\N HD N\ YN6M LV9NV\ N\ GV FKS IGN WN MJN J6$ EOK UMJ GKGCU [6O OI(HI\U S RD Q]RKGCU FV0 QJX Ñ4 FK OKÐ GV WIM IR_TU P5LNQX +NK XN6RKD NVWXN GK OK OK 9K GV YNKX G L]N)NIHGUN RN\N ^NV J6$ IR_TU HD N\ `NMN EOV GT1 UVWK L]QNX GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ LN=RMING PLN !IMN YN6M MNXK[DW GNV\N ^NV NVD HVD >NNXNVD GK YN[ YN6M +NZIH NONR GK OH/NVD GH GMXN XN6RKD NVWXN GN HJ5RLZN= L]N)NIHGUN RN\N ^NV GNV\N HD N\ XV Ê!IMN RD MNXK[DW GNV\N ^NV LTXNM XNHG G /GKH U6NM GK FXN JTYN J6$ HN/9M ,\NX GV YDU[=U NVD HVD YN[ RD +NZIH NONR GV IXD N RD J6$ J /GKH P3S /UMK OIHIU GK IO4NIM NNVD LM YNNNIMU J6 YN6M EOGN GN=8RX SMNNVD HVD IGN WN MJN J6$ IR.NX YN6M L]N6_NVI[GK _IL GNV\N ^NV ING\NLNVD LM LIMNNH/RL IR R IR NVN LIM2NVD LN=RMN IXIN G GV I\ NVWXN HVD YXTODNNX RD IRGNO#IR.NX RD L]N6_NVI[GK WNVM GN ÑWK IQN LZMN E= [N PLNV[ 4Ð J6 LM8UT L][IU YN NN GV YXTL XJKD J6$ EOGV XJKD JNV LNN J6$ ODT'U MN9 IRGNO GN=H YN6M GV OJNV[ OV GNV\N /UM HK)NVX QNVJX XNHG G HJ5RLZN= LIMNVWXN GNV NVWXN HVD NT GMXV GN L]/UNR J6$ LIM2 NVWXN L]IU NU MJN J6 GV LJ\V YN6M QNV RNNV HVD 2 GV XN6RKD NVWXN OD NNVINU GV YXTHNXNVD YXTHNVIQU OIJU LIM2 OI(HI\U GN 2 GVR\ L]IU NU ÑONMNK Ð J6$ EOOV NVWXN GK FGNN YRIN GV I\V @ GMNV0 Ñ L]IU NUÐ GK FGNN NXMNI N ^NV `NMN GNVD PL\&N GNV\V MJV[K$ GK GH NVWXN HN N GV \VXV LJ\V GNV QNV QV>NUV RNNV JT YN6M SN\Z GNV\N HD RN= GV N\ QN6MNX GN PL+NNV'UN XN6RKD NVWXN LIM2 @ GMNV0 OV OD NNVINU GMGV @@ GMNV0 GM IQN [N J6 IWOHVD OK YNE= \ GK /R6I31G OVRN IXRCI¿N /GKH ÑRK YNM OÐ GV GNN=8RX JVUT GMNV0 GN LIM2 +NK NNIH\ J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 524 ONMNK LIM2 RD 2 ÑGMNV0 Ð OMGNMK ^NV OD GN PLH XN6RKD NVWXN ODISU NVN OD LIM LIM2 OD ¿#¾ RN/UIRG YXI8UH F Y Y OK YNE= \ O OK OK \ X \ OK Ñ>NNXÐ IR.NX YN6M L]N6_NVI[GK ^NV K Y8RVNN E= H O OK IR/UCU I0I\D[ Ñ[6MOK YNE= \Ð ^NV K YI;X NHX GN= LTXRN=O LIMNVWXN !IMN# MNXK[DW YXTODNNX RD IRGNO GV8Q] RK YNM O GNV\N RD I\;XNE9 ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ X \ OK ÑIR_TUÐ GT\ GNV\N HD I9,LNK ¾ N\ ¾¾ RK YNM O GV I\V GMNV0 GN LIM2 HZ\U@ X YNM 4 OV J6 YN6M GT\ HVD NNIH\ XJKD J6$ ÑOD YÐ HVD GMNV0 HVD OV GMNV0 0K FK O OV J6D YN6M E8JVD GT\ NV[ HVD WNV0N [N J6$ ¾¾ RK YNM O GV I\V GMNV0 GN OD NNVINU XN6RKD NVWXN LIM2 0K FK O OV J6 WNV RKD NVWXN HVD GNV\N IR+NN[ GNV PL\&N J6 YN6M OD NNVINU LIM2 GV NV[ HVD NNIH\ IGN [N J6$ IRQV NK OJNUN L]N,U LIMNVWXNVD ¿E= LK¾ OK YNE= \@ O OK OK \ YN6M X \ OK GV YNKX IRI+N8X GNV\N LIMNVWXNYNVD YN6M IRIXNHG NDSN LTXMK^NN LIMNVWXN GV I\V XN6RKD NVWXN HVD GMNV0 GK IRQV NK OJNUN GN IJ/ON J6$ HVD RN/UIRG 2 GMNV0 )NN WFIG HVD L]5NI NU 2 GMNV0 LV )NN$ RN= GV FW9 YXTHNXNVD HVD GMNV0 GN LIM2 IXNN=IMU IGN [N J6$ LJ\V UKX RNNV HVD ODISU L]5NI NU 2 L]IU NU J6$ NVWXN GV NVN QNV RNNV GV I\V PL\&N NVN NXMNI N GMNV0 Ñ L]IU NUÐ JNV[K$ YLXK LNDS OJNG GDLIXNVD HVD STXK [E= LIMNVWXNYNVD OV GNV\N P5LNQX FNXV GV I\V ÊGNV\N ^NV G LTX/)NN=LX LIMNVWXN ÑOK O YNM LKÐ GV GNN=8RX JVUT OK YNE= \ XV IR R F6DG OV IHI\X YHMKGK 0N\M GK BN OJNUN L]N,U GK J6$ EOGV YDU[=U GT1 IR/UNM /GKHVD YN6M +NNMK Y)N=HZRM PL/GMNVD GNV FQ\XN NNIH\ J6$ EO NXMNI N HVD IR R F6DG OV NNIH\ J6$ IXIJU GT\ IXINNVD GN YHMKGK OK YNE= IXRV N 0N\M \ PLNV[ YN6M EUXK JK NXMNI N WNLNX IXN=U YNNU F6DG ÑWVI'OHÐ OV IHI\ YHMKGK 0N\M GN YD NQNX GMV[N$ XN6RKD NVWXN HVD IHI\ YHMKGK OV NT 0N\M JTYN J6$ YN6M BN NXMNI N GMNV0 G GV L]5^N "N9G JNV[K$ FW9 YXTHNX GK UT\XN HVD OD NNVINU YXTHNX GMNV0 J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 525 GNV\N ^NV G HVD OTNNM OV GNV\V O+NK []V0NVD GV HZ< YF IXD >NNXNVD UG GNV\N G6I,9R >NNX >NLU GV FNGK []V0NVD GV HZ<NVD GNV IRIXH HT'U GMXV N HT'U J6D$ EO OH GNV\N >NXX HVD IXWK ^NV GV ÑMN9KGMNÐ I\V JK OKIHU YINIXH@ [N J6$ IXWK IXRV N GV I\ ^NV J6$ GV XNX G6I,9R OD NNVNXN)N= >NXX GK OV GNV\V GV G GK +NN[KQNMK YXTHIU GV I\V G IRNVG ODOQ HVD LV N IGN G GNV >NNV\XV JVUT EO IRNNX GK W<QK /RKGCIU YNR G J6$ OD+NNIRU \NEOVDO# >NXX L9a9VQNMK YNIQ GK HDWZMK GV I\V >NNX RD >NIXW IRGNO YN6M IRIXHX ÑH H 0K YNMÐ YINIXH@ GV YNKX Y\[ IXHNR\K U6NM GMGV Y8RVNN RD QNVJX QNVXNVD GV I\V GNV\N &\NGNVD GV YNFD9X YN6M IGOK HZ< IRRNQ GNV J\ GMXV JVUT IRIXNHG L]NINGMN GK NK"N] /)NNLXN GK YNR GUN J6$ GNV\N ^NV • G HVD OTNNM RNINI7G GNV\N >NXX HVD IXWK ^NV G GNV YXTHIU QVXV JVUT GNV\N >NNX ÑMN9KGMNÐ YINIXH@ GV OD NNVNX GV I\V IRNVG NK"N] LNIMU GMXV GK YNR GUN QV NW O]NVUNVD OV GNV\V GK YLVI^NU HN N PL\&N GMNXV GV I\V MN9K GNV\N GDLIXNVD GV L]5XNVD GNV LZMG FXNXV JVUT RNINI7G YNLZIU= GK QCI9 OV IXWK ^NV G HVD GNV\N >NXX YIXRN= J6$ • OD+NNIRU \NEOVDO# >NXX L9a9VQNMK YNIQ GK HDWZMK GV I\V H H 0K YNM YINIXH GV YNKX Y\[ IXHNR\K U6NM GMGV Y8RVNN RD QNVJX QNVXNVD GV I\V GNV\N &\NGNVD GV YNFD9X RD IGOK HZ< IRRNQ YNIQ GNV J\ GMXV JVUT IRIXNHG L]NINGMN GK /)NNLXN NK"N] GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ OH/N RN\V ^NV XKSV GT1VG OH/N RN\V ^NV ÑGÐ J6D IWXGNV QZM GMXV GK YNR GUN J6 MV\ +NN0N GNV\V LM YING NT<G \[NN WN MJN J6 YN6M EOV YNNIUU GNV\V GK UT\XN HVD YL]IUNV[K FXNN WN MJN J6$ J MV\RV `NMN NO OI&O0K GV GNMN J6$ Ñ>NÐ P5LNQGUN RD ^NHUN PLNV[ OK YNE= \ GV I\V L]IU WXLNMK P5LNQX GV ODQ+N= HVD P5LNQGUN GN XN6RKD NVWXN \^ 9X IXNN=IMU IGN [N )NN ÑYNV OK 9@ Z WK 9Ð$ HVD L]5NI NU PL\I&N 9X ÑYNV OK 9@ Z WK 9XÐ MJK J6$ EOK UMJ O OK OK \ GV I\V IXNN=IMU \^ 9X )NN ÑYNV OK 9X@ Z WK 9XÐ ONHN8 L OV OH[] P5LNQGUN GNV YN6M IR NVN L OV +NZIH[U P5LNQGUN GNV OTNNMXV GK P5LNQGUN YNR GUN GV I\V J6$ GNV\N +NNMK HD Y)N= N\ HZIRD[ XV H NKXMK HNXQD0NVD GK ÑS E= LTXMK^NN H GMXV HÐ GK JVUT G OIHIU GN [%X IGN J6$ OIHIU `NMN YLXK IMLNV9= NK"N] L]/UTU IG WNXV GK YN NN J6$ OH[] L]NN\K ^NHUN PLNV[ GNV OTNNMXV GK +NK WMU J6$ Ñ[Ð \N[U IXD +NN0N L]+NNMNVD N P5LNQX GK P3S \N[U@ YING MN7 NT<GNVD RD P3S MV\ GV GNMN /RQV NK GNV\V GN HZ< YL]IUNV[K FXUN WN MJN J6$ J OZSXN QK [E= J6 IG OK YNE= \ HVD P5LNQX GK ZIX9 \N[U GN \[+N[ L]IU NU L] NNOIXG RD Y8 GNMNNVD LM 2 JNVUN J6$ EOOV LUN S\UN J6 IG P5LNQX GK ZIX9 \N[U HVD GHK \NXV YN6M PL+NNV'UNYNVD UG \N+N LJTDSNXV GV I\V EO L]GNM GV 2 GNV GH GMXV GK GN4K [TDWNE N J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 526 GNV\N ^NV G GV ODFDN HVD HNRING QCI9GNVN GNV\N G L]STM /RQV NK cWN= O]NVU JNVXV GV GNMN JHNMV ODONNXNVD GN L]+NNRGNMK D[ OV QNVJX OTIXI SU GMXN YNR G J6$ G 2NRONIG@ L]FDNGK NV;UN GV ON)N EO ^NV G HVD L]SN\X Q^NUN HVD OTNNM GMXV GK Y5DU YNR GUN J6$ IL1\V UKX RNNV HVD _IL GNV\V GV YDUMN=9K HZ<NVD HVD L]IU NU OV YING GK I[MNR9 YNE= J6 LMDUT /RQV NK GNV\V GV HZ< HVD L]IU NU GK RCI JTE= J6$ "NMV\Z GNV\V GNV FNWNM HVD L]IUNV[K FXNXV GV I\V L]FDNGK GIHNVD GK WNDS GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ G QK"N=GNI\G cWN= GN= NVWXN GV YD[ GV L HVD IXMDUM L OV GNV\N ^NV G GV IRGNO GK YIXRN= YNR GUN J6$ PISU L]FDNGK ONNXNVD OV EOGK [TNR¿NN@ L]N6_NVI[GK@ P5LNQGUN@ ^NHUN PLVN[ YNIQ HVD OTNNM \NXV GK IQ NN HVD OI(HI\U L]5XNVD GK WMUVD JNVD[K$ NK"N] OTNNM GMXV JNVD[V IWOOV EO ^NV GNV\N RD I\;XNE9 ^NV EOGV Y\NRN IXWK ^NV G GV IXRV N GK OTIRNN JVUT G HVD L]IU/LN= P5L8X GK WN OGV$ G GV HNRIN HZ<NDGX OV PQa+NZU GT1 HJ5RLZN= HTtV EO L]GNM J6D ÑÐ XN6RKD NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV HVD "NMV\Z GNV\V GK HND[ RD P5LNQX LM YOM L0N J6 IWOOV YNDUIMG ODONNXNVD GK P5LI¿N L]+NNIRU JTE= J6 YN6M EOGN HT> GNMN IR_TU@ OKHVD9 YNIQ W6OV F0V PL+NNV'UN ^NV GNVD `NMN GNV\V GK >NMKQ HVD GHK J6$ XK GNV\N YNNNIMU P5LNQX ^NHUN RCI +NK PUXK XJKD JNV LNE= J6 IWUXK LIMGI<LU )NK$ /RQV NK YN6M IXN=U QNVXNVD FNWNMNVD HVD PISU IRLNX GN= NVWXNYNVD GV `NMN HND[ HVD UVWK \NXV GV L]5XNVD GK WMU J6 UNIG PL\&N P5LNQX ^NHUNYNVD GN LZMN PLNV[ JNV OGV$ J OTIXI SU IGN WNXN SNIJ IG GNV\N >NMKQ HVD Y/)NNE= HDQK GV GNMN GNV\N P5LNQX GNV IRIXIHU GMXV GK MN9K GNV\N GDLIXNVD ÑX OK OKÐ GK RU=HNX L]RCI¿N PO OH GV I\V IR_TU ODG9 ^NV X G P5L8X HVD GMV WF IXHN=NNNKX GNV\V IXWK ^NV G GK HND[ GK F WNUK J6 IR NVNGM WF IR_TU LIMNVWXNVD GNN=I8RU JNV WNUK J6D$ ÑÐ XE= LIMNVWXNYNVD GNV S\NXV GV GNH HVD YXVG GNMNNVD OV IR\(F JNV MJN J6 YN6M EOGV 4\/RL HNRIN OGUK J6$ IR_TU ODD RD QK"NN=RIN HVD GNV\V GK PL\&NUN HVD GHK YN NVD GK UT\XN HVD GNV\N >NNX GV P5LNQX NT GMXV GK YRIN GN4K YING JNVUK J6 YN6M EO RWJ OV QORKD NVWXN GK L]NMDI+NG YRIN GV QN6MNX IR_TU ^NV G GK YNR GUNYNVD GNV LZMN GMXV GV I\V NVWXN SIXU HVD LIMNVWXNYNVD GN IRGNO GN= GNN=I8RU GMXV GK WMU J6$ ÑÐ 2NLG I0I\D[@ IR NVNGM OK YNE= \ GV YINGNM ^NV OV FNJM GNV\N RN\V &\NGNVD HVD I0I\D[ GV `NMN Y31K IG/H GV GNV\N +ND0NM GNV FNXV GK U5GN\ YNR GUN J6$ _IL VOK 2NLG I0I\D[ GV I\V EO OH FW9K OJNUN YNR G JNV[K@ U)NNIL OMGNMK ^NV G PLHNVD YN6M IXWK ^NV G GV FKS ODT'U P_HNVD GK OD+NN2UN GN LUN \[NXV GK WMU J6$ ÑÐ LIMNVWXN LN=RMING L]IUGZ\ GNN=8RX /RKGCIU@ L]+NNR GK Y0SXVD@ W6OV +NZIH YIN[]JN@ LTXRN=O@ RNIXGK RD ODONNX YNIQ LIMNVWXNYNVD GV GNN=8RX GK L][IU LM 0N\UK J6D IW8JVD@ OTNNMXV GK WMU J6$ LIMNVWXNYNVD GK [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 527 LN=RMING /RKGCIUÐ RD RNIXGK L]NN\K RD /RKGCIUNVD MN9K GV I\V LTXRN=O ÊIOD[\ XKIU GNV IRD0NV YDIUH G L JK QVXV /)NNX GK LM U5GN\ YNR GUN J6$ ÑÐ GNV\N ^NV G OMGNMK ^NV GV PLHNVD GK IR¿NK I/)NIU OTNNMXV GNV\N IFK GK FGNN NXMNI N GK ROZ\K GV PISU GN= UD GV I\V U6NM GMXV GK WMU JNV[K$ ÑÐ E=/9X= GNV\ 4K<0 I\IH ÑE= OK \Ð@ +NNMU GNVIGD[ GNV\ I\IH ÑFK OK OK \Ð YN6M OVD9\ GNV\ I4<0 I\IH ÑOK OK \Ð GN LTXNM UTMDU IGN WNXN SNIJ UNIG PXGK IR¿NK JN\U GNV OTNNMN WN OGV$ GNV\N GDLIXNVD HVD ONHN8 L OV YN6M "NN9V HVD S\ MJK GDLIXNVD HVD IR NVN L OV WX NI'U GK TI'UOD[UUN +NK U5GN\ OTIXI SU GK WNXK SNIJ$ Y8 PLNNVD HVD EO ODFDN HVD RK YNM O G IRG<L JNV OGUN J6$ ÑÐ ^NHUN RN\V GNV\N ^NV NVD HVD HJ5RLZN= MV\ I\DGNVD GN IXHN=N NK"N]UN OV GMXV GK YNR GUN JNV[K$ EOGV Y\NRN GNV\N /\MK LIMRJX GK OD+NN2UN GK WNDS GMXK JNV[K$ ÑÐ YING MN>N IR_TU ^NV GV YD N RN\V +NNMUK GNV\V GV GT N\ PLNV[ JVUT GNV\N RD GNVD `NMN IRIXHN=UNYNVD GV ON)N PISU UN\ HV\ GMGV IR_TU P5LNQX JVUT /R31 GNV\N L]N6_NVI[GK@ Q]RKGCU /UM QJX# QNIFU Q]RKGCU /UM QJX FN\O= YLXNXN YNR G JNV[N$ ÑÐ GNV\N T\NE= GV I\ MV\ +NN0N QMNVD GNV TI'UOD[U FXNXV GK YNR GUN JNV[K$ ÑÐ GNV\N ^NV G HVD IXWK ^NV G IXRV NNVD GNV OTIRNNWXG FXNXV GV I\V R6NNIXG GNM=RNE= NK"N] GMXV YN6M "NMV\Z GNV\V GK HT'U L OV IFK GNV YXTHIU QVXV GK YNR GUN J6$ ÑÐ GNN=8RX OD/RKGCIU WNXN HVD OV SNIJ@ OH LJ\V P8JVD RD \N[U IR¿NK YDIUH GK LNVNN L GV IQN RCI OV I\V WNXN FSXV GV IXV IXINNVD GV O]NVUNVD SNIJ YN6M LIMNVWXNYNVD GN PXGN LUN UN\HV\ GK \[NN IGN WNXN SNIJ$ ÑÐ GNV\N GDLIXNVD RD GNV\N HD N\ GV YNKX PL+NNV'UN HD YNNV[ GV L]IUIXINNVD GV ON)N G Y8UMH8 >NXX LIMNVWXNYNVD GV GNN=8RX GK N\NVD RD NVWXN N\K HNIX9IMD[ []TL `NMN GNV\N [JX RD IXIHU HNIX9IMD[ GNV L]NN\KF GMXV GK YNR GUN$ ÑÐ IRI N9 IR_TU GNV\N RD >NLU E/LNU ^NV G /UMNVD `NMN HVD GHK PISU \NXV HND[ HVD L]FDN PL+NNV'UN PLNNVD OV ^NV G QT\=+N OV@ IR NVNGM ODONNXNVD GN ODM^NN JNV[N YN6M PISU HND[ YXTHNX \[NXV HVD HQQ IH\V[K$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 528 LV9NVI\H RD L]NGCIUG [6O ^NV G LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GK FUK JTE= HND[ YN6M G3SV UV\ GV X FUV JT /RQV NK P5LNQX GNV QV>NUV JT IX(XI\I>NU ^NV • • • • • • NVD GNV XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX IR NVN NX QVXV GV I\V STXN [N J6 Y8RVNN L]5XNVD GNV@ IR NVNGM [JMV YLU9K ^NV EI'R9K UV\ GV I\V IRQV N HVD YW=X ^NV NVD HVD UVW GMXN$ GK OD+NNRXN GNV YN[V FNXN$ +ND0NMN L]FDNX OTNNMXV LM IR NVN NX QVXN$ G OHTQ]LNMK UV\ RD [6O YNLZIU= XKIU U6NM GMXN$ IXDI U HZ< L]NN\K Ñ LK HÐ GNV IRIXHX HT'U# TI'UOD[U GMXN$ Q]RKGCU L]NGCIUG [6O Ñ\ X WKÐ GV L HVD L]NGCIUG [6O GV YNNU GK OD+NNRXN$ • • • • • • LN=,U LIMGMN ^NHUN ÑHND[ GN L]IU NU L]IU NUÐ GN IXHN=N$ IRLNX RD IRUMN OTIRNNYNVD GNV FNXN YN6M P8XU GMXN$ P5LNQ GK [TNR¿NN HVD OTNNM$ IR_HNX L] NNOIXG Y0SXNVD GNV QZM GMXN$ IRIXNHG GN=UD GK /)NNLXN$ YNLZIU=ND OTIXI SU GMXV GV I\ ONNX ODL8X 9DGKODSX /)NNILU GMXN$ HNRING LTXMK^NN XN6RKD NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV GV QN6MNX +NN6IUG RD IR¿NK IXLNQX@ GK L]5NI NU RD OD+NNIRU NVWXN PL\I&NND XKSV GK ONMNK HVD QK [E= J6D$ J /L9 JNVUN J6 IG +ND0NMNNVD HVD RCI \^ OV XKSV MJK J6 WFIG NNVNX ^NHUN HVD IR/UNM \^ OV YING J6$ IR¿NK QCI9 OV \^ GN GVR\ \[+N[ L]IU NU IXRV N JNVXV GK OD+NNRXN J6$ ONMNK +NN6IUG IXLNQX GN=H XN6RKD OD+NNIRU \^ GN NVWXN GV PL\I&N L]IU NU RN/UIRG \^ \^ RN/UIRG RN/UIRG L]5NI NU QN6MNX L]5NI NU PL\I&N HND[# >NLU ¾ ¾ ¾ ÑH H 9KÐ IMWR= WHN ÑH H 9K YNV E=Ð G3SN UV\ x ÑH H 9KÐ [6O P5LNQX ÑFK OK HÐ NNVNX ^NHUN ÑH H 9KÐ ¾ IR_TU P5LNQX JVUT UM\ ENX NNIH\ XJKD J6$ x RN= YN6M GV QN6MNX H N YN6M IHHK 9X GV YXTHNIXU P5LNQX GNV QV>NUV JT$ xx YN6M GV QN6MNX H N YN6M IF "N HK GV YXTHNIXU P5LNQX GNV QV>NUV JT$ ¾¾ H H 9K YNV E= GV 8ZXUH /UM LM [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 529 ONMNK LIM2# 2 ÑGMNV0 Ð XN6RKD NVWXN OD+NNIRU PLNV[ GN GN YXTHNV RN/UIRG RN/UIRG OD GV QN6MNX IXRV N L]IU NU RN/UIRG LIM2 YXT L]5NI NU 2 ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ PLT='U ONMNK GNV QV>NXV OV IX(XI\I>NU FNUVD ONHXV YNUK J6D LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GK HND[# >NLU RN= YXTHNX UKX \[NN RNNV HVD [N L]N,U GV QN6MNX )NN IQ LV9NVI\H IWOHVD J IR_TU RCI QM P5LNQNVD P5LNQX Ñ GK GV HND[ I\V L]IU NUÐ UM\ FXK 9X JNV[K IWOHVD IR_TU P5LNQX GV I\V • UM\ • • +NZG(LK FVIOXNVD ORV=^NN GV J6$ IL1\V GV QN6MNX LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GK HND[ GN \^ LZMN JNVXV G3SV UV\ GN P5LNQX \^ OV \[+N[ HVD I\V 2NLG 0K PLNV[@ YN6M ÑÐ P¿NMK F]HLT Y8RVNN@ L]N6_NVI[GK • ÑÐ JNE0NVGNF=X IMWR= RCI \^ OV GN4K GH NNVNX ^NHUN@ \^ OV YING L]N,U JNVXV GK YN NN J6$ • GN YN6M OKHNDU ^NV L]NGCIUG [6O GN P5LNQX \^ OV )NNV0N GH J6$ LM WNVM IQN [N J6@ IWOHVD IX(XI\I>NU NNIH\ O+NK GN JNV OGUN J6$ I\V XN6RKD NVWXN HVD Y8RVNN GN= XKIU FQ\XV ÑÐ UNV XJKD JNVXV L]IU NU GH JNV OGUN J6$ • G3SV UV\ GV "NMV\Z P5LNQX GNV FNXV GV NNIH\ 9X GK YN NN J6$ Y8RVNN RD IRGNO J6D J6 HK IXLNQX GK HT> FNUVD ENX GK YNR GUN +NK NNIH\ J6$ ENX MJUK LV9NVI\H P5,NQNVD GK >NLU \[+N[ IHI\X IHI\ UV\ GN YNNU HVD IHI\ 9X GV \^ GNV LNM GM OGUN J6$ NVD • HVD [JMV W\ HVD Y8RVNN$ IXD NHZ<L]NN\K GK OHNI,U RD NT<G TI'UOD[UUN GK [IU LIMG<LXN OV GH$ GNV\N Y8RVNN RD WT\NE=@ FV0 QNVJX HVD HK)NVX GK ÑOK XKIU YXTHNVQX GN IGN FK HÐ OMGNM [N )NN$ • GV Y8RVNN RD P5LNQX HVD IXWK ^NV G GK +NN[KQNMK YN NN OV GH$ `NMN • EO XN6RKD NVWXN GN 2 YXTHNVIQU LIM2 OV GH JNV OGUN J6$ XKIU HVD J NNIH\ J6D ÑÐ R6I RG IXIRQN FNV\K L]NN\K@ ÑÐ HXNVXX GV YNNNM LM OMGNMK ^NV GV PLHNVD GNV &\NG L]QNX GMXN@ YN6M ÑÐ UV\ RD L]NGCIUG [6O IX[H I\ ÑYNV X WK OK \Ð U)NN +NNMUK [6O L]NINGMN I\ ÑWK YNE= \Ð `NMN OK FK H GN ODT'U L OV Y8RVNN$ LUN YNV X WK OK IRQV N I\IH IRQV N OV EI'R9K UV\ RD [6O L]N,U GMXV GV YROMNVD GN \[N MJN J6$ Y8 MN9K UV\ GDLIXND@ W6OV YN\ EDI0N I\IH EDI0X YN\ GNLNV=MV NX YN6M IJ8QT/UNX LV9NVI\H GNLNV=MV NX I\IH IRQV N HVD UV\ GV Y8RVNN RD P5LNQX HVD ODT'U P_HNVD GK OD+NNRXNYNVD GN LUN \[N MJV J6D$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 530 JNE0NV GNF=X IMWR= RCI YNV X WK OK YN6M YNV YNE= \ GV I\V XN6RKD NVWXN JVUT L]NI,U NV; IMWR= RCI \^ UV\ U)NN [6O GV OHUT< UV\ ÑH H 9K YNV E=Ð GV ODFDN HVD IH 9X U)NN IH 9X GV FKS )NV LMDUT EX \^NVD GV L]N,U JNVXV GK YN NN XJKD J6$ NVWXN GV LJ\V UKX RNNV GV QN6MNX L]5NI NU RCI GVR\ H H 9K YNV E= J6$ ZIX9K OV YING N POGV FMNFM FN JTYN IMWR= L]IU/)NNLX YXTLNU ÑYNM YNM YNMÐ L]N,U GMXV GV I\V MN9K UV\ GDLIXNVD GN Y8RVNN GN=H Y[/U HVD LTX U6NM IGN [N$ NVWXN GV UKX RNNV@ Y)NN=Ua OV UG GV I\V QTFNMN U6NM GK [K NVWXN GNN=8RX GV YNKX J6$ LMDUT UF UG IMWR= RCI GK I/)NIU HVD GNVE= HJ5RLZN= LIMRU=X JNVXV GK YN NN XJKD J6 WF UG IG GNVE= HJ5RLZN= >NNVW XJKD JNV LNUK$ Y_UX YXTHNXNVD GV YXTONM NVWXN HVD IMWR= RCI H H 9K YNV E= LJTDSXV GK YN NN J6$ L]5NI NU G3SV UV\ RD L]NGCIUG [6O GN P5LNQX LJ\V UKX RNNV GV \^ YN6M IM4NEXMK YN6M NVWXN \^ OV GH JNVXV GK OD+NNRXN J6$ NNVNX ^NHUN NNVNX ^NHUN GN \^ HVD IH HK 9X ÑHD[\N6M LV9NVG6IHG\ I\IH GK ^NHUN IH HK 9X OV FGM IH HK 9X JNV WNXV OV IH HK 9X GN LTX YNG\X IGN [N J6Ð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`NMN IGV WNXV GK YN NN J6$ G3SV UV\ RD LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GN YNNU RN= GV QN6MNX IH HK 9X G3SV UV\ YN6M IH HK 9X LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GN YNNU IGN [N$ VON YXTHNX J6 IG GV QN6MNX IH HK 9X G3SV UV\ YN6M IH HK 9X LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GN YNNU IGN WN[N$ EOGV Y\NRN IXWK ^NV G `NMN IH HK 9X LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GN YNNU IGN WN[N$ RN= GV QN6MNX G3SV UV\ GK YNNU YNR GUN OV IH HK 9X JNV[K$ HZ< OTNNM YXTONM IXHX O+NK HT'U GMXN LV9NVI\H IXDI P5LNQNVD U GV HZ< L]NN\K PL+NNV'UN OHN,U HZ< ÑH GMXV GV O@ S YXTHNVIQU O 0K@ GN=H 9K GV 4@ ONR=WIXG IRUMN L]NN\K GV I\V IHrK UV\ YN6M Q]RKGCU LV9NVI\H [6O Ñ\ LK WK ÑQV NWÐ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 531 GNV 1NV0GMÐ IXD N HT'U GM IQV [V J6D$ EOGV Y\NRN S O 0K GV +ND0NMN HZ< GNV +NK YNNU HZ< GV ON)N ODFD GM IQN [N J6$ LMDUT \ LK WK YN6M IHr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ÑOKOVÐ RN\V H O GK Ñ []N# \K9MÐ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ÑLK OK YNM Ð@ IM4NEXMKW@ YL/9KH YN\ ^NV LK OK@ OK YNE= YNE=@ I4'GK W6OK XV9RIG[ OD/)NNYNVD@ GV I\V LV9NVI\H ODM^NN G@ UV\ IRLNX GDLIXNVD@ X EDWKIXO= OD/)NN@ X WK YNV YN6M MN7NVD HVD VOV JK OD[%XNVD U)NN 2I'U[U PL+NNV'UNYNVD `NMN L]5X IGV [V J6D$ 2NLG WX WN[CIU YI+NNX S\NV [V J6D$ YLM(LMN[U cWN= O]NVU HD N\ RD POGV YNKX OD[%XNVD `NMN IGV [V L]5XNVD GV 4\/RL +NK LV9NVI\H OIJU cWN= ODM^NN GNV FNRN IH\UN J6$ EOK UMJ OMGNM GV L]NV5ONJX RD PQNMKGMN GK L]IN GN +NK EOHVD NV[QNX J6@ P_NV[ LIUNVD RD P_IHNVD `NMN +NK L]N6_NVI[GK P8XX GV L]5X IGV [V J6D IWOOV LV9NVI\H GNV ODM^NN IH\N J6$ LIMRJX ^NV G@ WNV LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GN OFOV F0N PL+NNV'UN J6@ HVD L]N6_NVI[GK P8XX IGN WN MJN J6$ LMDUT EX O+NK IRI+N8X ODM^NN PLNNVD GV LIMNNH/RL LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GK IGUXK FSU JTE= J FUNXN GI%X L]UKU JNVUN J6$ ODM^NN RD L]QZNN MNVG)NNH L]5XNVD OV VOV \N+NNVD GV YNG\X GK GN=L]NN\K U6NM GMXV YN6M IRI+N8X ING\NLNVD GNV YDUMN=9K LIUNVD GV HNXQD0NVD GV YXTONM FXNXV GK YNR GUN J6 IWOOV P5LNQX RD >NLU ^NV GNVD HVD cWN= >NLU GNV GH IGN WN OGV$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 532 NVWXN LIM2 2 XN6RKD NVWXN GV I\V LV9NVI\H ^NV UG @ G GN LIM2 @ GMNV0 J6$ YXTHNIXU GMNV0 YN6M UG GMVN0 JNV WN[N$ YN NN GK WNUK J6 IG WNV GHK J6 RJ HT>U ODT'U P_H IM4NEXMK LIMNVWXNYNVD GNV NT GMXV HVD IR\(F GV GNMN J6$ LV9NVI\H ^NV G GV I\V HNRIN L]5X LV9NVI\H RD L]NGCIUG [6O ^NV G GV HNRIN HZ<NDGX OV P5L8X GT1 HJ5RLZN= HTtV EO L]GNM J6D ÑÐ NVWXN GV LJ\V QNV RNNV GV QN6MNX JNE0NVGNF=X IMWR= RCI \^ V XKSV J6D$ YLV^NUN GH O4\UN QM [D+NKM ISDUN GN HNH\N J6$ Y8RVNN GNNV GNV UVW GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ X E= \ LK GV YNKX Y8RVNN &\NG L]QNX GMXV GK YRIN FNGM EOV L]N,U IGN WN OGUN J6$ EOGV Y\NRN FVJUM 2N>N GMXV GV I\V PL\&N YNDG0NVD GK [TNR¿NN OTNNMXN +NK HJ5RLZN= J6$ ÑÐ IM4NEIXD[ ^NV G \NEOVDO HT'U GM IQN [N J6 YN6M IXWK ^NV G GV I\V >NNV\ IQN [N J6$ IR/UNM YN6M L]N)NIHG RCI QNVXNVD GV `NMN LN=,U IM4NEIXD[ ^NHUN FNXV GK QCI9 OV LIMNVWXNYNVD GK XN6RKD NVWXN YNR GUNVD LZMN GMXV GV I\V HDWZMK QV QK [E= J6$ LMDUT RU=HNX GH YDUMN=9K IM4NEIXD[ HNIW=X GV GNMN EO ^NV GMXV GV ^NHUN G GV GT1 ODT'U P_H +NN[KQNM YNNNM+NZU IM4NEXMKW /)NNILU I\V GN YIX31TG NVWXN \^ J6D$ F0K IXWK IM4NEXMKW GV L]NQT+NN=R OV IM4NEIXD[ YN NN OV YING L]N,U JNVXV GK OD+NNRXN J6$ YU YXTHNVQX GV I\V GNM=RNE= GV YNKX GT1 YNNNM+NZU IM4NEXMK LIMNVWXNYNVD GK OZSK LTX U6NM GMXV GK WMU J6 WG UF IG HND[ XJKD F WNUK$ ÑÐ LV9NVI\H ^NV G GV I\V IXDI U HZ< L]NN\K Ñ LK HÐ GNV OHN,U GMXV HVD NT<GNVD GK TI'UOD[UUN GV ODFDN HVD GT1 YDUM MJV J6D$ EOOV +NNRK XKIU GV FNMV HVD GT1 YIXI SUUNVD P5L8X JNV [E= J6D$ LK H GNV OHN,U GMXV GK L]IN GNV IXNN=IMU L HVD YLXNXV GK WMU J6 UNIG YL]6\@ UG HZ<NVD GNV IRIXHXHT'U IGN WN OGV W6ON IG LJ\V@ IXNN=IMU IGN [N )NN$ ÑÐ Y)N= 2R/)NN HVD UV\ ^NV G GV IR NVN HJ5R GNV QV>NUV JT FJTMN9K GDLIXNVD ÑH X OKÐ GV ON)N L]IUNVI[UN GV I\V YLVI^NU ^NHUNRNX FXNXV JVUT OMGNMK ^NV GV PLHNVD GN LTX[=%X GMXV GK YNR GUN J6$ EX GDLIXNVD GV LTX[=%X GV FNQ G LNMQ NK= L]IN GV HNH OV EXGN IXWKGMN IGN WNXN SNIJ$ ÑÐ LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GV IRLNX RD IRUMN GV I\V RU=HNX GN= UD HVD J IXNN=MN IGN [N J6 IG EX ING\NLNVD GNV IGOK UV\ GDLXK `NMN S\NN WNV$ RJ N UNV "NMV\Z IM4NEIXD[ ^NHUN HVD GMNV0 GN IXRV N GMV N IHI\ 9X G3SV UV\ GN RNIN=G P5LNQX GMXV GV I\V OTIRNNYNVD GN OCWX GMV$ J 2R/)NN VOV Y31V IXRV NGNVD GNV YNGIN=U GMXV RN\K XJKD LNE= [E= J6 [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 533 WNV IRLNX HVD +NK IS M>NUV JNVD$ L]IUNVI[UN GV OCWX GV I\V J OT!NR IQN WNUN J6 IG PLT='U HNXQD0NVD GNV LZMN GMXV GV I\V LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GV IRLNX RD IRUMN HVD IXRV N GNV +NK NNIH\ IGN WNV$ IRLNX YINGNMNVD GV ODFDN HVD RU=HNX P5LNQX@ GMXV XKIU IM4NEIXD[@ RN\K GDLXK GK LTXMK^NN LNEL\NEX GV I\V GMXV N LIMRJX GK YNR GUN 9IH=X<O HVD ENX IRLNX GV J6$ GMNV0 Y8RVNN YINGNM GN GK RD IXRV N NU= M>NK WNXK SNIJ$ VOV IXRV N LIMODLI¿NNVD GNV FNXV GK IQ NN HVD YN6M EI'R9K W6OV ONNXNVD N BN GV L HVD JNVXV SNIJ$ ÑÐ UV\ GK \[+N[ YNNU IX+N=MUN F MJK J6 YN6M XN6RKD NVWXN GV YDIUH RN= HVD EOGV L]IU NU JNVXV GK YN NN J6$ EOGK LTXMK^NN GK WMU J6 IG 'N LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GK >NLU OKIHU M>NXV GV L]5X IGV WNVD N XJKD$ LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GV YNNU LM IGOK L]GNM GV HXHNXV D[ GN L]IUFDN \[NXV OV QV N GN YNI)N=G IRGNO L]+NNIRU JNV OGUN J6$ OJK PLN JK JNV[N IG HZ<NVD HVD EOGK QT\=+NUN L]QI N=U GK WNV$ EOOV LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GV ODM^NN RD GT N\ PLNV[ GV I\V L]NV5ONJX P5L8X JNV[N$ ÑÐ LV9NVI\H ^NV G HVD LZN= HZ< IRIXHX HTI'U RD GT N\ FNWNM ODSN\X GV I\V IGOK ONDIRING IRIXNHG L]NINGMN `NMN IRRVGLZN= IXHNVD RD IRIXHNVD GK YNR GUN J6$ YU G WMU J6 UNIG HZ< IXD IRIXNHG GN=UD GK /)NNLXN NK"N] GMXV N L]NN\K OV FNWNM ODSNI\U HZ< IXNN=MN UD GK GK IQ NN HVD G GT N\ LIMRU=X OTIXI SU JNV OGV$ +NIR GV ODSN\G# HN[= IXQV= N UV\ RD L]NGCIUG [6O ^NV • X E= \ LK RD XNX X E= \ LK QNVXNVD ^NV G NVD HVD Y8RVNN ING\NLNVD GNV UVW GMXV GK WMU J6$ X E= \ LK GV YNKX Y8RVNN &\NG L]QNX GMXV GK XKIU WNMK M>NK WN OGUK J6$ X E= \ LK GV YNKX FNV\K YRIN GK YNRCI¿N GNV FNXV GK YNR GUN J6$ • YING ^NHUN JNV WNXV GK I/)NIU HVD XE= YNNNM+NZU NNVNX ^NHUN GV IRGNO GNV GH GMXV GK WMU J6$ • LK H OHNI,U GN GNN=8RX /RKGCU OHOZSK GV YXTONM JNVXN SNIJ UNIG HT'U FNWNM RD /R/)N L]IU/LN= JNV OGV$ • LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GV IRLNX RD IRUMN HVD XE= GDLIXNVD GV L]RV N GK XKIU GK@ P8JVD L]NV5ONIJU GMXV GK QCI9 OV LTXMK^NN GMXV GK WMU J6$ Y8RVNN RD P5LNQX@ IM4NEIXD[@ LNEL\NE8O N 9IH=X<O HVD GMNV0 GN IXRV N GMXV RN\K GDLIXNVD GV I\V LIMRJX ENX GV IRLNX YINGNM GNV G NU= FXNN WNXN SNIJ$ VON IXRV N LIMODLI¿NNVD GK FNVUMK GK IQ NN HVD YN6M EI'R9K@ EI'R9K W6OV ONNXNVD N BN GV L HVD GDLXK GV ODM^NN HVD JNVXN SNIJ$ • JNE0NVGNF=X GK HZ< IXNN=MN XKIU HZ<NVD HVD L]QI N=U GK WNXV RN\K GHK GK /RKGCIU LM YNNNIMU JNVXK SNIJ$ EOOV LV9NVI\H P5LNQNVD GV ODM^NN RD GT N\ PLNV[ GV I\ L]NV5ONJX IH\V[N$ • LNEL\NEX RD L]NGCIUG [6O OIJU 0NPX/9KH OV'9M GV I\ G IRIXNHG GN=UD GK NK"N] /)NNLXN$ cWN= GV XV RD LZMNK O]NVU YLM(LMN[U cWN= ^NV G GV YNKX F0V GN=HNVD HVD@ LRX@ 1NV9K LX LIMNVWXN@ W6RHNO YN6M ON6M cWN= GV `NMN IR_TU P5LNQX@ MN9K W6R LQN)N= IRGNO LIMNVWXN ÑX LK FK 0KÐ@ MN9K P8XU SZ<JN GN=H ÑX LK YNE= OKÐ@ GKGCU []NHKN cWN= GN=H ÑYNE= [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 534 YNM E= LKÐ PLNV[ L]GN N@ JVUT GN=H R6GI<LG ON6M NNIH\ ENX@ LNXK cWN= J6D$ [H= GMXV@ GN=H Y8 HJNON[M >NNXN W6OV GN=H cWN= LGNXV []NHKN cWN= JNE0NVWX YNIQ OV YN6M HND[ cWN= ODFDINU IODSNE= J6D GNV I\ LZMN ENX IWXHVD GV GMXV O6<O@ EO LNXK ODFDNK +NZU\ OH GK LDILD[ W6OV OHNWNVLNV[K LIMRJX YXTODNNX GV RD I\V IRGNO ING\NL S\NV WNUV J6D$ XN6RKD GMNV0 NVWXN GN YNE= LIM2 E= FK HVD YNM @ ÑYNDUIMG GMNV0 RD FW9 GK OG\ FN FW9K ODONNXÐ OJNUN NNIH\ YN6M J6D$ L]NNXHD K GK LJ\ LM Ê+NN6IUG YNNNM OTIRNNYNVD GV 5RIMU OTNNM JVUT NVWXN YNNV[ `NMN G IR NVN GN= NVWXN ÑO LKÐ U6NM GK [E= J6 IWOHVD Y8 FNUNVD GV ON)N ON)N YLMDLMN[U cWN= O]NVU +NK NNIH\ J6D$ GT\ OG\ FW9K OJNUN HVD OV H LK GV YNKX GMNV0 GK NXMNI N IXNN=IMU GK [E= )NK$ H LK HVD NNIH\ YNNNM+NZU OTIRNNYNVD OV ODFDINU GN=HNVD HVD \"NT LX LIMNVWXN@ 4NV9NVRV<9VG W6R HNO@ GN=H OJ P5LNQX@ NNIH\ J6D$ XN6RKD W6R NVWXN HNO IR_TU YLMDLMN[U W6R HNO cWN= O]NVU [6OK4NM@ HD N\ YN6M JVUT ON6M @ GMNV0 GK NXMNI N GV LIM2 GN YXTHNVQX IGN [N J6$ ONMNK IRµNK L][IU XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX GV8Q]K ^NV G IXRV N GN IR¿N LNVNN ÑGNV%G GV YNDG0V GV HZ< /UM GV J6DÐ ÑGMNV0 Ð OD RN= XN6RKD NVWXN ÑYXTHNVIQUÐ ÑRN/UIRGÐ ÑRN/UIRGÐ O FW OJN YNE= E= FK YNM LIM2 ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑOD YXTÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ LJ\V UKX RN= ÑL]5NI NUÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ RNNV HVD L]5NI NU ¾ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ ÑÐ RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX OD+NNIRU IXRV N ¾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¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 535 +NN6IUG L][IU YXTHNVIQU NVWXN \^NVD HVD IHI\ FNNV[6O ODD 0&<Z FNNVHNO [6OK4NM@ H 0&<Z LRX H 0&<Z \"NT LX LIMNVWXN ÑIXWK ^NV IXWK ^NV G GK +NN[KQNMK OV OJ P5LNQX IR_TU @ IHI\ P8XU SZ<JV@ H ÑIXWK ^NV G GK +NN[KQNMK OIJUÐ@ G OIJUÐ YN6M H 0&<T FNNVHNO IFW\K NNIH\ J6$ Y8 GN=HNVD HVD XE= L]N6_NVI[GK GV ODFDN HVD ON6M 4NV9NVRNV<9VG@ ON6M cHN L]NN\K YN6M YXTODNNX RD IR.NX ING\NL NNIH\ J6D$ ONMNK XN6RKD NVWXN GV QN6MNX IR_TU P5LNQX RD OHNWNVLNV[K GN=HNVD GK L][IU IG/H OD RKD LJ\V Y[\V OD+NN PL NVWXN RN/UIRG OD+NN RNNV HVD RNNV HVD ¿RKD NVWXN PL OD+NNIRU OD+NNIRU L]IU NU¾ \^ LRX IR_TU ÑHV RNÐ ÑÐ \"NT LX IFW\K ÑHV RNÐ ÑÐ FNNVHNO IFW\K ÑHV RNÐ ÑÐ NJMK RD YN6_NVI[G GZ0N GSMN ÑHV RNÐ ÑÐ FNNVHNO ODD Ñ\N>N Ð ÑÐ P8XU SZ<JV Ñ\N>N Ð ÑÐ YLMDLMN[U cWN= GN=HNVD GV I\V HNRING L]5X XV YN6M LZMNK cWN= O]NVUNVD GV HNRIN HZ<NDGX OV P5L8X GT1 HJ5RLZN= HTtV EO L]GNM J6D ÑÐ LJ\V JK OD/)NNILU W6R [6O ODD GV I\V /RUD WVDIONVD Y)NRN X WK YNV `NMN HZ<NDGX YX NT IGV WNXV SNIJ$ GN= X GM MJV ODD YLMDLMN[U NVD GK ODLZN= GN= L]NN\K GN HZ<NDGX GMXV cWN= O]NVU HD N\ NVD HVD HM(HU RD YXTM^NN GN= YNR G J6$ GNV YLXV O+NK GN=HNVD GV I\V 2NLG HZ<NDGX YX NT GMXV JNVD[VD YN6M VOV YXNVD GV LIMNNHNVD GV YNNNM LM YLXV +NNRK GN=HNVD GN YXTHNVQX GMXN JNV[N$ ÑÐ P8XU SZ<JN GN=H GNN=I8RU GMXV GK RU=HNX L]NN\K []NHKN ^NV NVD HVD OFOV [MKF \NV[NVD UG JK OKIHU J6 YN6M 2I'U[U \N+NN)NK= YNNNM LM J6$ WF UG EOV [NDR S\NN HVD WNUN@ P3S UF YN R[= UG J GV \N+NNI)N=NVD GN=H O4\ OIJU XJKD JNV ODLZN= [NDR OGUN$ GV FVJUM I\V XJKD IG/H GV SZ<JV FXNXV GV I\V@ /)NNXK \NV[NVD GNV L]I N^NN QVXV YN6M EX SZ<JNVD GV PISU [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 536 YXTM^NN U)NN P8JVD []NHKNNVD GNV OT\+N HZ<NVD LM PL\&N GMNXV W6OV Y8 LJ\TYNVD GK YNVM +NK NX QVXV GK WMU J6$ ÑÐ ON6M D NVD# [W9NVD GV I\V OI&O0K GV `NMN ON6M cWN= GN=H GN GNN=8RX IGN WNUN J6$ YLMDLMN[U cWN= HD ODFDINU HD N\ GNV OI&O0K L]QNX GMXV GN HNH\N N\NVD# IR+NN[VND GV ON)N P%NXN SNIJ YN6M ON6M cWN= GN=H U)NN L]QNX GK [E= OI&O0K GV I\V \ LK WK@ IHrK UV\ YNIQ W6OV QZOMV GN=HNVD GK UT\XN HVD YN6IS5 IO GMXN SNIJ$ ÑÐ []NHKN U)NN QZM QMNW GV ^NV NVD HVD YLMDLMN[U cWN= O]NVUNVD GV HNH OV cWN= GK YNR GUN GK LZIU= JVUT GN4K ^NHUN J6$ EO OH HV RN UG GK \"NT LX IFW\K OIJU VOV cWN= O]NVUNVD GN YD NQNX GT\ OD/)NNILU IR_TU P5LNQX ^NHUN GN \[+N[ L]IU NU J6$ EX O]NVUNVD OV EX NV[QNX GNV GN4K FNXV GK [TDWNE N J6$ ÑÐ \NV[NVD GNV IH\XV RN\V GN=H GV \N+NNVD GN L]SNM GMXV GV I\V YNR G L]SNM RD WNXGNMK GN=H S\NXV JNVD[VD$ ÑÐ O+NK GNV IFW\K L]QNX GMXV GV MN9K \^ GV ODQ+N= HVD QZM QMNW GV ^NV NVD GN IR_TUKGMN Y8 YLMDLMN[U cWN= HD N@ YNM E= OK@ MN IR_TU FNV0NV RD WVDIONVD GN G F0N GN= J6$ YNM E= OK# O E= FK# MN7 OMGNMNVD GV I\V J YNR G J6 IG RJ QZM QMNW GV [NDRNVD GN ORV=^NN GMNVD UNIG IRGV8Q]KGCU cWN= O]NVUNVD OV IR_TUKGMN IGV WNXV RN\V [NDRNVD GN LUN \[NN WN OGV$ NVWXN GN=HNVD I/)NU GV [NDRNVD GV L]5X GV FNNVHNO W6OV QMNW GV [NDRNVD LGNXV RD GMXV GV cHN L]N,U \^ 2I'U YNNNIMU POOV [6O@ O]NVUNVD LUN /GKHVD GNV YN6M FNNV IRI+N8X GN RNNV YN[V GK YRIN HVD YLM(LMN[U cWN= \^NV8HT>NK JNVXV SNIJ UNIG QZM QMNW RD QT[=H ^NV I\V I\ \N+NNI)N=NVD NVN OV \[NXV GMXV OVRN GK GK L]QNG cWN=@ cWN= YN6M W6OK FXNXV FXNXV ON6M GK 1NV9K YNR GUN IRGV8Q]KGCU cWN= GK J6$ GV IFW\K@ LZMK GK O]NVUNVD OV LRX WN L]5X RD GN4K LZDWK /)NNX LM ODLZN= cWN=@ OGV$ MNV NXK@ YNR GUNYNVD EO LIU L]NNI\NVD cWN= L]N)NIHG YNR GUN RU=HNX LX NVD HVD HVD QZM >NNXN GNV LZMN 2I'U[U OI&O0K RN\K [NDR \^ GNV FXNXV GK YNR GUN J6$ WJND OD+NR JNV [NDRNVD HVD cWN= YNR GUNYNVD GNV LZMN GMXV GV I\V ONHTQNIG L]NNI\NVD GNV /)NNILU GMXN JNV[N$ ÑÐ IXWK P_IHNVD P5LNQX IR_TU W6OV FNV0NV `NMN ODSNI\U YLMDLMN[U GV I\V LRX@ cWN= GOHNX \"NT O]NVUNVD HN[= OV LX IFW\K@ IFW\K IXQV=I NGNVD FNNVHNO >NMKQXV FXNXN GV YN6M ODFDN YNR G HVD J6$ OJ MN7 /RUD LZMNK IR_TU P5LNQGNVD ÑYNE= YNM LK LKÐ GNV UKOMV L^N GNV IFW\K FVSXV JVUT PISU NT<G GN +NT[UNX GMGV IR_HNX LNMVNN \NEXNVD GV WIMV IFW\K +NVWXV GN YINGNM JNVXN SNIJ$ EO ODFDN HVD ONMK Y0SXNVD GNV QZM GMXV GK YNR GUN J6 UNIG YLMDLMN[U cWN= O]NVUNVD OV IR_TU P5LNQX GNV FNRN QVXV [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([ 537 JVUT YLXN NV[QNX GMXV GV I\V YNE= YNM LK LK GNV L]NV5ONIJU IGN WN OGV$ ÑÐ OMGNM XV HV RN OV HV RN ^NHUN LIMNVWXNVD YLMDLMN[U cWN= O]NVU HD IR_TU HD N\ GV LNO )NKD$ HV UG GK RJ O+NK \"NT LX IR_TU N\ GNV J/UNDUIMU GM QK J6D WNV LJ\V RN UG GK LIMNVWXNYNVD GV IRGNO HVD YL c O]NVU HD ^NHUN GK \"NT LX IFW\K N\ GV IXLNQX GNV OTNNMXV GK WMU J6$ HV RN UG GK ^NHUN RN\K YXVG LX IFW\K LIMNVWXNYNVD HVD YDUM MN7K OH/NVD JNVD[K$ HV RN UG GK ^NHUN GK LIMNVWXNYNVD GNV PL\&N IR¿NK \N+N IQ HV RN UG GK ^NHUN RN\K LIMNVWXNYNVD GNV +NK IQV WNUV J6D$ UNV EOOV OMGNM LM +NNMK FNV! L0V[N$ EX O+NK LJ\TYNVD GNV U5GN\ J\ GMXV GK WMU J6 IWOOV OMGNM `NMN "NNVINU XKIU GNV ONGNM L IQN WN OGV$ ÑÐ YLMDLMN[U YN6M LZMNK cWN= O]NVUNVD GV HNH OV []NHKN \NV[NVD GK cWN= YNR GUN Ñ>NNXN LGNXN@ [MH GMXN YNIQÐ GNV LZMN GMXV GK GN4K [TDWNE N J6$ LDSNUNVD@ Y8 /)NNXK IXGNNVD@ OJGNIMUNYNVD RD X WK YNV GV HNH OV \NV[NVD GK +NN[KQNMK `NMN VOV GN=HNVD GV PtV NVD GNV L]N,U GMXV HVD F0K HQQ IH\V[K$ LI SH FD[N\ HVD OTQMFX ^NV GV ON[M`KL HVD WNV PL\I&N JTE= J6 POXV J L]QI N=U GM IQN J6 IG MNH GCN IH NX YN6M YI>N\ +NNMUK HIJ\N O(HV\X W6OV X WK YNV GV HNH OV \NV[NVD GK +NN[KQNMK `NMN 'N GT1 IGN WN OGUN J6 []NHKN ^NV NVD HVD cWN= GK YNR GUN GK LZIU= GV I\ PQNJMN YXTGMNK J6$ [ ¿ ª ^ 6 « »9 [ % ( · Y ¡Y % ( · ±º % ([
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