Proceedings of the Doctoral Consortium at the
18th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries (ICADL 2016), and
Asia-Pacific Forum of Information Schools (APIS 2016)
December 6th, 2016
System-Based Information Behavior Model: A Research
Proposal
Wachira Yangyuen
Management of Information Technology, School of Informatics,
Walailak University, Thailand
[email protected]
Supervisor: Siwanath Nuntapichai
Digital Information Management, School of Informatics,
Walailak University, Thailand
[email protected]
Supervisor: Thimaporn Phetkaew
Software Engineering, School of Informatics,
Walailak University, Thailand
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
This study was illustrated a conceptual idea of the new information behavior (IB)
model in perspective of system approach. Information technology has developed
and changed society in digital format. As a result, human information behavior
has changed as well. Therefore, we have a research question that is how do we
create and develop an appropriate information behavior model in the digital
environment by applying modern information technologies. So, this research is
aimed to study in 3 issues: (1) to explore storing, tracking, analyzing, prediction
and recommendation methods for supporting IB in digital context; (2) to find the
eligible data mining technique that can be applied for supporting IB model; (3) to
develop a new IB Model based on system approach. The research methodologies
are designed as follow: (1) document analysis is used to analyze and synthesis the
traditional IB and is used to select the eligible data mining technique for IB
research; (2) data mining technique analysis is applied to consider and select the
suitable technique; (3) IB model evaluation will be applied to the conceptual
framework that summarize from step 1 and 2 to existing system. Finally, the
research results will be discovered in 3 issues namely: (1) the suitable data
mining technique with information and process required to design and implement
IB model, which is enable to understand user behavior that has been dramatically
changing by the digital context; (2) the standard structure of log file to
monitoring, analyzing, prediction and recommendation for user IB in the digital
context; (3) the System-based IB model will be developed to support, describe,
and understand the IB of user in the digital context.
17
Proceedings of the Doctoral Consortium at the
18th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries (ICADL 2016), and
Asia-Pacific Forum of Information Schools (APIS 2016)
December 6th, 2016
Keywords: System-based Information Behavior; Information Behavior;
Information Seeking Behavior; Information Search Behavior; Data Mining; Log
file
INTRODUCTION
One of major research area continuing along in the information science is the information
behavior (IB) that has many researchers studied and presented models and frameworks for
various applications. Whereas today information technology has been developed and changed
dramatically, especially in the context of the digital environment that produced the new
innovations and the social media in a variety of formats. New inventions were portable and
easy to carry anywhere, the users could access digital information at any time. So, that
technology has made human life easier and more comfortable. Based on the convenience and
modern technology that affected information behavior of user, information needs, information
sources, information seeking, and information use has been changed dramatically.
Based on different human living and lifestyle, various format of electronic resources
and information systems, and diverse conditions, those brought to research problems. The
research problem is how to storing, tracking, analyzing, and predicting information behavior
of user in the digital context environment more quickly and more clearly. And another
research problem is information behavior of users had differed and personalized. So, how
solved to this problem. From review study found that research on information behavior has
proposed a model or framework of behavior a lot and are applied in information systems and
applications in a variety of formats. However, with the advancement of digital technology is
changing rapidly, so the research studies to determine the information behavior model to suit
the digital environment is necessary.
Regarding to our preliminary study, our purpose is aimed to analyze and synthesize the
traditional IB model, such as process, strength, weakness, similarity, and difference. The
result found that the traditional IB models does not support all of present human behaviors
and need to be improved IB model processes. Especially in digital context, it is important to
consider the lifestyle in human information behavior, as well as to improve its processes by
applied the data mining technique in storing, tracking, analyzing, prediction and
recommendation with IB model based on system approach. Data mining is about processing
data and identifying patterns and trends in that information and data mining can analyze big
data to information systems and the applications to working more efficiently and meet the
needs of the user. In addition, this study also found that most information system has not
designed to collect and store data user's usage history (log file) in order to learn, understand,
predict and recommend the IB for user.
For all these reasons, this study is focused on three major parts. The first part will be
studied whether there is a way to storing, tracking, analyzing and predicting human
information behavior in digital context for perspective system approach. This method is
stored user's usage history (log file) that be standardized and can be applied with data mining
approaches. The second part will be analyzed and find data mining techniques that can be
applied to information behavior model and which data mining techniques can be comparing,
predicting, and presenting of behavior that appropriately and quickly. And the final part is
presented a new information behavior model based on perspective system approach and can
applied in information system.
18
Proceedings of the Doctoral Consortium at the
18th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries (ICADL 2016), and
Asia-Pacific Forum of Information Schools (APIS 2016)
December 6th, 2016
RESEARCH QUESTION
This study seeks to answer the following research questions:
1. How to build and develop the way of storing, tracking, analyzing, and predicting of
human information behavior in a digital context environment more quickly and more clearly?
2. The method of data mining techniques can be used to analyze human information
behavior in the digital context or not?
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to study in 3 issues:
1. To explore storing, tracking, analyzing, prediction and recommendation methods for
supporting IB in digital context;
2. To find the eligible data mining technique that can be applied for supporting IB model;
3. To develop a new Information Behavioral Model based on system approach.
SCOPE OF RESEARCH
This research will establish a new information behavior model in perspective of system
approach that can be applied in 3 steps:
1. Analyzing and finding methods of data mining techniques that can be applied to
information behavior model and the methods can be recommending, predicting, and
comparing the similarities of information needs;
2. Analyzing and determining data structure for user's usage history (log file) to
appropriated of information behavior model;
3. Developing information behavioral model that is the framework for applied the
automation library system or database online system.
RESEARCH FRAMEWORK
The research framework for this study comes from the library sciences and information
technology, focusing on factors that assist in understanding human behavior. Within the arena
of data mining technology acceptance, there are numerous principal methods that have been
used in explaining determinants of usage behavior, as well as varied attempts to create new
models information behavior and present parsimonious alternatives. A brief overview of
research framework applicable to this study follows.
19
Proceedings of the Doctoral Consortium at the
18th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries (ICADL 2016), and
Asia-Pacific Forum of Information Schools (APIS 2016)
December 6th, 2016
Analyzed, synthesized and tested
of related components
- Data mining techniques
- Structure of user’s usage
history (log file)
1. Approaches of data mining
techniques using in processes of
model
- Online database or Library
automation system
2. Standard structure of log files
3. A new System-Based
Information Behavior Model
4. Evaluation framework
(model) with information system
Studied and analyzed information
behavior model
- Processes and Stages
- Applying in digital context
environment
- Traditional IB model
Figure 1. A conceptual framework of research
CONTRIBUTIONS
The study derived its importance from the belief that:
1. Data mining techniques that can be applied to information behavior model and the
methods can be recommending, predicting, and supporting of user’s information needs;
2. A conceptual framework of a new Information Behavior Model can be applied to use in
information system such as library automation system or online database system.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Researchers have determined and proceeded of methodologies or approaches in this study
were as follows:
1. Document analysis is used to analyze and synthesize the traditional IB and select the
eligible data mining technique for IB research. Document analyze has process works is; the
first step is determined to the issues study analysis; the next step is determined to objectives
and purposes of the comparative analysis after that defined to scope and terms of research;
And the final step is gathered to relevant documents, after that analyzed to the document and
summarized to the results;
2. Data mining technique is applied to consider and select the suitable technique, such as,
association rule, data classification, data clustering, prediction, etc. Then to be applied and
used data mining techniques to become part of information behavior model for system
approach;
20
Proceedings of the Doctoral Consortium at the
18th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries (ICADL 2016), and
Asia-Pacific Forum of Information Schools (APIS 2016)
December 6th, 2016
3. Information system testing will be applied to the conceptual framework that summarize
from step 1 and 2 to existing system, which may selected from either library automation
system or online database.
EXPECTED OUTCOME / BENEFITS OF RESEARCH
The research result will be discovered in 4 issues namely:
1. The comparative review describes strengths and weaknesses of the traditional IB model;
2. The eligible data mining technique with information and process required to design and
implement IB model, which is enable to understand user behavior that has been dramatically
changing by the digital context;
3. The standard structure of log files to monitoring, analyzing, prediction and
recommendation for user IB in the digital context;
4. The System-based IB model will be developed to support, describe, and understand the
IB of user in the digital context.
CONCLUSION
We hope that the proposed IB model can be applied with various online database systems and
library automation systems and we also hope that our proposed design of user's usage history
structure (Log files Standard) can be helpful for analyzing user information behavior.
REFERENCES
[1] A. Spink, Information behavior: An evolutionary instinct, Springer Science & Business
Media, 2010.
[2] A. Spink, and M. Zimmer, Web search: Multidisciplinary perspectives, Springer Science
& Business Media, 2008.
[3] A. Spink, and T. Saracevic, “Interactive Information Retrieval: Sources and Effectiveness
of Search Terms during Mediated Online Searching,” Journal of the American Society
for Information Science, vol. 48, pp. 741–761, 1997.
[4] Bates, M.J., “Design of Browsing and Berrypicking Techniques for the Online Search
Interface,” Online Review, 13(5), 407–424., 1989.
[5] Choo, C.W., Detlor, B., and Turnbull, D., “A behavioral model of information seeking on
the Web: Preliminary results of a study of how managers and IT specialists use the
Web,” Proceedings of the ASIS Annual Meeting, vol. 35, pp. 290–302, 1998.
[6] Choo, C.W., Detlor, B., and Turnbull, D., “Information Seeking on the Web: An
Integrated Model of Browsing and Searching,” First Monday, vol. 5, no. 2, Feb. 2000.
Available: http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue5_2/choo/index.html
[7] Ellis D., “A Behavioural Model for Information Retrieval System Design,” Journal of
Information Science, vol. 15, no. 4/5, pp.237-247, 1989.
[8] Ellis D., D. Cox, and K. Hall., “A Comparison of the Information Seeking Patterns of
Researchers in the Physical and Social Sciences,” Journal of Documentation, vol. 49,
no. 4, pp. 356-369, 1993.
21
Proceedings of the Doctoral Consortium at the
18th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries (ICADL 2016), and
Asia-Pacific Forum of Information Schools (APIS 2016)
December 6th, 2016
[9] Ingwersen P., “Cognitive Perspectives of Information Retrieval Interaction: Elements of a
Cognitive IR Theory,” Journal of Documentation, vol. 52, pp. 3–50, 1996.
[10] Kuhlthau CC., “Inside the Search Process: Information Seeking from the User’s
Perspective,” Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology,
vol. 42, pp. 361–371, 1991.
[11] Marchionini G., Information-seeking in Electronic Environments, New York: Cambridge
University Press, 1995.
[12] Meho, L.I., and Haas, S.W. “Information-seeking Behavior and Use of Social Science
Faculty studying Stateless Nations: A case study,” Library & Information Science
Research, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 5–25, 2001.
[13] Meho, L.I., and H.R. Tibbo, “Modeling the Information-Seeking Behavior of Social
Scientists: Ellis’s Study Revisited,” Journal of The American Society for Information
Science and Technology, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 570–587, 2003.
[14] Spink A, Saracevic T., “Interactive Information Retrieval: Sources and Effectiveness of
Search Terms during Mediated Online Searching,” Journal of the American Society for
Information Science, vol. 48, pp. 741–761, 1997.
[15] Wilson, T. D., “Information Behaviour: An Interdisciplinary Perspective,” Information
Processing and Management, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 551-572, 1997.
[16] Wilson, T. D., “Models in Information Behaviour Research,” Journal of Documentation,
vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 249-270, 1999.
[17] Wilson, T. D., “Human Information Behaviour,” Informing Science, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 4956, 2000.
22