Founding Mistrustful Quantum Cryptography
on Coin Tossing?
Adrian Kent
Trusted E-Services Laboratory
HP Laboratories Bristol
HPL-2001-316
December 11th , 2001*
quantum
cryptography,
protocols,
coin tossing,
bit
commitment,
secure
computation
A significant branch of classical cryptography deals with the
problems which arise when mistrustful parties need to
generate, process or exchange information. As Kilian showed a
while ago, mistrustful classical cryptography can be founded on
a single protocol, oblivious transfer, from which general secure
multi-party computations can be built. The scope of mistrustful
quantum cryptography is limited by no-go theorems, which rule
out, inter alia, unconditionally secure quantum protocols for
oblivious transfer or general secure two-party computations.
These theorems apply even to protocols which take relativistic
signalling constraints into account. The best that can be hoped
for, in general, are quantum protocols computationally secure
against quantum attack. I describe here a method for building a
classically certified bit commitment, and hence every other
mistrustful cryptographic task, from a secure coin tossing
protocol. No security proof is attempted, but I sketch reasons
why these protocols might resist quantum computational
attack.
* Internal Accession Date Only
 Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 2001
Approved for External Publication
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