Queen Elizabeth I
James I,
(1603-1625)
Related to Elizabeth (he was
from the same Tudor family)
Unlike Elizabeth, he didn’t try
to sweet talk Parliament.
He resented having people tell
him what to do and wouldn’t
beg for money from Parliament.
He is best know for having
sponsored the translation of the
Bible as many know it today,
the King James version
Today, 1 page from
an original printed
King James Version
1611 costs between
$300-500
Charles I came to the throne
when his father James died.
(rules from 1625 – 1648)
Always in need of $
because of wars with Spain
& France.
Whenever Parliament
refused to allocate funds for
war he would disband it.
Finally in 1628 they agreed
to give him the $ if he
signed the Petition of Right
Petition of Right said:
Due cause for imprisonment
No new taxes without consent of Parliament
Can not house soldiers in private homes
Can’t impose martial law during peace
After he got his money he ignored the Petition (he was
a chip off the ol’ block)
English Civil War 1642 - 1645
The war was between
those loyal to Charles
(Royalists or Cavaliers )
and those not
(Roundheads) who were
lead by Oliver Cromwell
The end of Charles I - 1649
During
Cromwell’s rule
morality laws
were enacted.
After his death in
1658 the people
longed for the
monarchy.
This is what they
got….
Charles II
The period was called
the Restoration. Let
the good times roll.
(Games, sporting
events, dancing,
comedy plays were all
brought back)
Habeas Corpus
A document that required a person would be brought before
a judge to decide if their imprisonment was legal
When Charles II died
in 1685, his son,
James II was made
king. But he was also
like his grandfather
and broke laws, he
flaunted his
Catholicism and his
subjects feared they
were in for another
round of lousy kings.
They called for help
William of Orange,
1689 – 1702
His uncle (and fatherin-law) was James II
He brought his army
from the Netherlands
and took the crown in
what was called The
Glorious Revolution
James II lost any chance of regaining his throne when he & his
Irish army (the only Catholics he could find in the British
Isles) were defeated at the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland
• Armies now included a mix of pike men
(to handle a cavalry charge), and
musket men (to handle the infantry)
• William & Mary had to agree to share power with
Parliament. They would no longer be absolute. The
form of government would be called a Constitutional
Monarchy
• William also agreed to
a Bill of Rights in
1689. Some of the
things a ruler couldn’t
do were:
• Suspend Parliament’s
laws
• Levy taxes w/o
approval from Parl
• Interfere with free
speech in Parliament
• Penalize a citizen who
complains about
grievances
They created a cabinet, which was a
group of ministers that worked as a
link between the monarch & the
Parliament
The leader of the cabinet is
called the Prime Minister
William & Mary University in Williamsburg, VA was founded
by the King & Queen of England in 1693. It is the 2nd oldest
college in America
Elizabeth I
(The Virgin Queen)
1558–1603
James I
1603–1625
Charles I
(Saint Charles the Martyr)
1625–1649
Oliver Cromwell
(Old Ironsides)
1653–1658
Charles II
1660-1685
James II
1685 –1688
William III & Mary
1689-1702