UNDERSTANDING AND
CARING FOR CHILDREN
CHAPTER 6, LESSON 2
AGES AND STAGES
GIVE AT LEAST TWO EXAMPLES OF EACH OF
THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT:
• PHYSICAL
• INTELLECTUAL
• SOCIAL
• EMOTIONAL
• MORAL
CHAPTER 6, SECTION 1 VOCABULARY
CAREGIVER- A PERSON WHO TAKES CARE OF A CHILD OR A SICK OR ELDERLY PERSON
CHILD ABUSE- PHYSICAL OR EMOTIONAL MISTREATMENT OF A CHILD
CONSISTENT- REACTING THE SAME WAY
DISCIPLINE- THE TASK OF TEACHING A CHILD WHICH BEHAVIOR IS ACCEPTABLE OR NOT
ENCOURAGE- TO INSPIRE WITH HOPE, THIS ALONG WITH PATIENCE MOTIVATES CHILDREN TO TRY
THINGS ON THEIR OWN
GUIDANCE- DIRECTION THAT HELPS PEOPLE LEARN BASIC RULES OF BEHAVIOR
INDEPENDENT- WHEN CHILDREN LEARN TO DO THINGS THEMSELVES
PARENTHOOD- THE FUNCTION OF BEING A PARENT
PARENTING- THE LONG-TERM PROCESS OF CARING FOR CHILDREN AND HELPING THEM GROW OR
LEARN
PRAISE- EXPRESSING APPROVAL OR ADMIRATION, THIS HELPS CHILDREN FEEL MORE INDEPENDENT
PRAISING CHILDREN FOR WHAT THEY DO WELL IS A WAY OF GIVING POSITIVE HELP
CHAPTER 6, SECTION 1 VOCABULARY (CONTINUED…)
PUNISHMENT- A WAY OF DISCOURAGING INAPPROPRIATE BEHAVIOR
POSITIVE- TELLING CHILDREN WHAT THEY ARE ALLOWED TO DO RATHER THAN WHAT
THEY SHOULD NOT DO
REWARD- A WAY OF GIVING POSITIVE HELP
HOW TO MEET PHYSICAL NEEDS- FEEDING AND ALLOWING FOR PHYSICAL MOVEMENTWALKING AND CLIMBING
HOW TO MEET INTELLECTUAL NEEDS- TASKS THAT USE THE MIND- TALKING, READING
BOOKS, PLAYING WITH PUZZLES
HOW TO MEET EMOTIONAL NEEDS- WHEN YOU HELP CHILDREN FEEL LOVED AND SECUREKISSING, HOLDING, HUGGING
HOW TO MEET SOCIAL NEEDS- CARE GIVERS SHOWING CHILDREN HOW TO SHARE TOYS
AND PLAY WITH OTHERS
CHAPTER 6, SECTION 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS
1) DEFINE THE TERM CAREGIVER. GIVE THREE EXAMPLES OF PEOPLE WHO
COULD BE CAREGIVERS. A CAREGIVER IS A PERSON WHO CARES FOR
CHILDREN ON A SHORT-TERM OR LONG-TERM BASIS. EXAMPLES INCLUDE:
PARENT, RELATIVE, BROTHER OR SISTER, BABYSITTER, TEACHER, DAY-CARE
WORKER, NEIGHBOR.
2) WHAT ARE SOME WAYS FOR TEENS TO ACQUIRE PARENTING SKILLS? BY
WATCHING PARENTS; TAKING A CHILD DEVELOPMENT CLASS; READING
THIS CHAPTER AND BOOKS ON THE TOPIC.
3) WHAT ARE WAYS THAT YOU CAN HELP FULFILL A CHILD’S EMOTIONAL
AND SOCIAL NEEDS? BY HOLDING, CUDDLING, COMFORTING, HUGGING,
KISSING, AND PATTING.
CHAPTER 6, SECTION 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS
4) IDENTIFY THREE WAYS THAT YOU COULD COMMUNICATE POSITIVELY WITH A
YOUNG CHILD. ANY THREE: KEEP SENTENCES SIMPLE; USE POSITIVE
STATEMENTS; BE SINCERE AND ENCOURAGING; SPEAK AT EYE LEVEL; ASK
ABOUT THEIR LIKES; PLAY GUESSING GAMES; USE PRAISE.
5) WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PARENTING AND PARENTHOOD?
PARENTING CAN BE DONE BY ANY CAREGIVER, INCLUDING PARENTS. THE MAIN
CAREGIVERS HAVE THE JOB OF PARENTHOOD. THEY ARE THE PERSONS
RESPONSIBLE FOR MEETING THE CHILD’S PHYSICAL, MENTAL, EMOTIONAL, AND
SOCIAL NEEDS.
6) WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO BE CONSISTENT WHEN GUIDING YOUNG
CHILDREN? SO THAT YOU DO NOT CONFUSE CHILDREN. INSTEAD, HELP YOUR
CHILDREN KNOW WHAT TO EXPECT.
CHAPTER 6, SECTION 2 VOCABULARY
CONSCIENCE- THE INTERNAL MORAL CODE THAT DIRECTS
PEOPLES’ BEHAVIOR
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS- ACHIEVEMENTS OR MILESTONES,
SUCH AS WALKING AND TALKING THAT CAN BE EXPECTED
OF CHILDREN AT VARIOUS AGES AND STAGES OF GROWTH
PRESCHOOLERS- CHILDREN WHO ARE THREE TO FIVE YEARS
OLD
TODDLERS- CHILDREN WHO ARE ONE TO THREE YEARS OLD
CHAPTER 6, SECTION 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS
1)
DEFINE THE TERM DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS. GIVE TWO EXAMPLES.
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS ARE ACHIEVEMENTS THAT CAN BE EXPECTED OF
CHILDREN AT VARIOUS AGES OR STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT. EXAMPLES ARE
WALKING AND TALKING.
2)
WHY DON’T ALL CHILDREN OF THE SAME AGE PERFORM DEVELOPMENTAL
TASKS AT THE SAME TIME? EACH CHILD IS UNIQUE AND PROGRESSES AT HIS OR
HER OWN RATE.
3)
LIST THE FIVE MAIN AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT. PHYSICAL, MENTAL, SOCIAL,
EMOTIONAL, AND MORAL.
4)
WHAT ARE FIVE WAYS IN WHICH CHILDREN LEARN? ANY FIVE: EXPLORING,
DOING THE SAME TASK OVER AND OVER AGAIN, LISTENING TO SOUNDS AND
CONVERSATION, HANDLING OBJECTS, HAVING NEW EXPERIENCES, GAINING
PRAISE AND APPROVAL.
CHAPTER 6, SECTION 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS
5)
WHY IS IT HELPFUL TO UNDERSTAND WHEN YOUNG CHILDREN SHOULD ACCOMPLISH
CERTAIN DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS? KNOWING WHAT TO EXPECT FROM CHILDREN AT
DIFFERENT AGES AND STAGES MAKES THE TIME SPENT WITH THEM MORE ENJOYABLE. THIS
KNOWLEDGE ALSO HELPS PLAN APPROPRIATE ACTIVITIES THAT WILL BE MORE MEANINGFUL
AND EDUCATIONAL TO THE CHILD.
6)
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH OF THE FIVE MAIN AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT.
PHYSICAL- CLIMBING, WALKING
MENTAL- TALKING, SINGING
SOCIAL- SMILING, PLAYING WITH OTHERS
EMOTIONAL- HUGGING, KISSING
MORAL- FAIRNESS
7)
HOW ARE TODDLERS AND PRESCHOOLERS SIMILAR? HOW ARE THEY DIFFERENT?
TODDLERS ARE UNSTEADY WALKERS (TODDLE… THAT IS HOW THEY WALK), BUT ARE FULL
OF ENERGY AND IDEAS. THEY ARE JUST LEARNING TO DO TASKS FOR THEMSELVES. ON THE
OTHER HAND, PRESCHOOLERS CAN DO MANY TASKS FOR THEMSELVES. THEY LIKE TO TALK
AND INTERACT MORE WITH PLAYMATES.
WORDBANK FOR CH. 6, SECTIONS 1 & 2 REVIEW
QUESTIONS 1 THROUGH 19
• INTELLECTUAL
• CONSCIENCE
• LANGUAGE
• CONSISTENT
• PHYSICAL
• CRYING
• PHYSICAL
• DEVELOPMENT
• POSITIVE
• DISCIPLINE
• PRIMARY
• EMOTIONAL
• SENSES
• EMOTIONAL
• SOCIAL
• INDEPENDENCE
• SOCIAL
• INDEPENDENCE
QUESTION 20-
• INTELLECTUAL
INFANT, PRESCHOOLER, TODDLER