GOLF
OBJECT OF GAME
• Hit a small, hard ball, as few times as
possible to get from its starting point (tee box)
into the hole (located on the green).
• Each attempt to strike the ball, whether
successful or unsuccessful, is called a stroke.
• 9 or 18 hole courses
• 60-600 yards long
• 18 hole course = 5,600-7,200 yards long
– 1 mile =1760 yards
RULES
• You cannot improve the position or lie of the ball
• The ball farthest from the hole plays first
• The line of putt may not be touched except to move loose objects. A
ball may be lifted and cleaned and replaced in the exact position.
• Types of Penalty:
– Free Drop - No Penalty
– One Stroke Penalty
• Lost ball, out of bounds, water hazard, unplayable lie,
accidental moving of ball, whiffing
– Two Stroke Penalty
• Grounding the club in a hazard, hitting the wrong ball, hitting
the ball or flag on the green
VOCABULARY
• Tee – a small wooden peg which the ball is
placed upon when hitting your first shot at
each hole
• Divot – a large chunk of grass and soil that
may result after swinging the club and hitting
the ground
• Fore – a term yelled aloud when a hit ball is
falling in the direction of people
• Mulligan – an extra shot when one messes
up a shot and you are allowed an extra shot
without counting against you.
PARTS OF THE HOLE
• Tee Box – the area where the ball is hit at the beginning of the game
and at each new hole
• Fairway – the grassy area between the tee and the green
• Rough – taller grass along side the fairway
• Hazards
– Water
– Bunker – sand trap
• Putting Green –
the area where one will
putt the ball into the hole
SCORING
• Par – the number that represents the number of shots it
should take to get/putt the ball in the hole from the tee
• Hole In One – taking only one shot from the green to
complete the hole
• Birdie – one shot under par to complete the hole
• Eagle – two shots under par to complete the hole
• Bogey – one shot over par to complete the hole
• Double Bogey – two shots over par to complete the
hole
CLUBS
• Woods – clubs used in hitting the ball for
longer distance
• Irons – clubs in the form of a blade used in
hitting the ball; clubs are numbered for the
varying degrees of angles: the higher the
number, the more loft to the ball (3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9, S, P)
• Putter – club used to hit the ball short
distance on the ground
• Grip
• Shaft
• Clubface = toe, heel, face
TYPES OF SWINGS
• Distance Swings
– Woods, long irons
• Pitch Shot
– High trajectory little roll
• Chip Shot
– Controlled flight long roll
• Sand Shot
• Putt
– 50% of strokes are putts
• Slice
– Club face open, ball goes away from body
• Hook
– Club face closed, ball goes behind body
ETIQUETTE
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Rake all bunkers
Replace all divots
Don’t make divots with practice swing
On greens, repair ball marks
Do not move, talk, or stand close to or directly behind a player
making a stroke
Be ready to play when it’s your turn
Replace the flagstick carefully in an upright position after holing
out
Wait to hit the ball off the tee until the group ahead is a safe
distance away
Do not walk in a players lie on the putting green
Spot your ball on the green in the exact place the ball is lifted if
appears your ball may interfere with the play of another’s putt
Leave greens as soon as all players in your group have holed
out
Golf Swing
• Target side
• Rear side
• Preparation phase: set-up
• Backswing: motion away from ball
• Forward Swing: motion through ball
– swing centered around sternum
Preparation Phase
• Preparation:
– Toes parallel
– Feet shoulder width apart
– Bend forward at hips, keep back straight
– Arms hang relaxed at shoulders
– Hands over toes and under shoulders
– Flex (bend) knees slightly
– Weight even on both feet
Backswing
• Backswing:
– Turn upper body to rear
– Target arm parallel to ground
– Rear arm slightly bent
– Head down
– Target shoulder under chin
Forward Swing
• Forward Swing:
– Head down
– Weight shifts to target
– Turn hips to target
• Finish/Follow Through
– Face target
– Weight on target side
– Rear shoulder under chin