1.5
Radial
strain
1.0
1.5
εrr
Tangential
strain
0.5
0.5
-3
-2
-1
-0.5
-1.0
Vertical
strain
1
2
3
-3
-2
-2
-1
Distance
0.5
1.5
1.5
1.0
Volumetric 1.0
strain
-1
-1.0
2
3
Distance
0.5
1
-0.5
1
1.0
0.5
-3
εθθ
1.0
2
3
-3
Distance
εrr εθθ
-2
-1
1
-0.5
-1.0
εrr εθθ
VOLCANO DEFORMATION–
Geodetic Monitoring Techniques
By Daniel Dzurisin
U.S. Geological Survey graphics
2
Distance
3