Problem Pests •MEALYBUGS •SIX-SPOTTED MITE Stewart Learmonth & Mark Stanaway, Department of Agriculture & Food, Manjimup, WA. •APPLE LOOPER Stewart Learmonth & Mark Stanaway Department of Agriculture & Food Manjimup WA. GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 MEALYBUGS - damage: leaf loss, bunch exposure GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 MEALYBUGS - damage: sooty mould adult sooty mould honey dew crawler sooty mould GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 MEALYBUGS – damage: a virus vector Grapevine Leafroll-associated Virus Type 3 (GLRaV-3) and maybe others are a concern in some WA regions. Mealybugs and ? other sucking insects such as scale transmit this virus. We need more information on the extent of the virus(es) & the vectors. GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 MEALYBUGS - identification Longtailed mealybug and crawlers Obscure mealybug and eggs Longtailed mealybug adult male GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 MEALYBUGS - monitoring Dormant vines Leaves in spring DAFWA monitoring protocol GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 MEALYBUGS – action thresholds Dormant vines – 5 to 10% Leaves in spring – 25 to 50% GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 MEALYBUGS – management NATURAL ENEMIES Few naturally occurring ones: predators & parasites Import from ES: green lacewing cryptolaemus ladybird Protect natural enemies: - don’t spray - use “soft” products - ground covers & insectaries. GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 MEALYBUGS – management SPRAYS Insecticide Method of application Timing Comments Numerous products containing chlorpyrifos Canopy drench Dormant vines as per scale control Only apply after heavy infestations the previous season and confirmed by monitoring. Spot treat if extent of infestation is known. Samurai Drip line soil drench Near bud burst; up to 80% capfall Only apply if mealybugs were a problem the previous season or winter monitoring indicted they are likely to be a problem. Systemic activity. Applaud, Clap Foliar spray Up to 80% capfall Only apply after leaf monitoring indicates crawlers at potentially pest numbers. Requires good coverage on crawlers. Acts as an insect growth inhibitor. Food grade detergent High volume foliar application Near harvest. Physically removes mealybugs and associated sooty mould. GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 SIX-SPOTTED MITE - damage GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 SIX-SPOTTED MITE - identification SIX-SPOTTED MITE - management Predators GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 SIX-SPOTTED MITE - management •Look for leaf symptoms •Oil not effective •Check for predators •Permit for Omite GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 Apple Looper A “New” Pest in Vines Poor fruit set Apple looper effects on grape yield 15mm % grapes OK 100 75 50 25 0 Semillon Sav. Blanc Merlot Shiraz GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 Apple Looper A New Pest in Vines Native Common pest on pome fruit crops First identified on vines in Margaret River region Dec 2008 Prefers to feed on small unfertilised green berries More severe damage on later flowering varieties Feeding on berries increases disease risk near harvest GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 Apple Looper Summary In 2008 a moist cool spring resulted in extended flowering Moths attracted to flowers Check for loopers by tapping flowers over ice cream container Limited effectiveness of natural control agents as loopers invade en masse and feed on berries Spray options same as for Lightbrown Apple Moth & Grapevine Moth APVMA emergency use permit for range of chemicals PER # 11306 GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES MARGARET RIVER, MANJIMUP & MT BARKER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2009 Problem Pests THANK YOU QUESTIONS/COMMENTS? GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER 21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
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