S Learmonth Problem Pests

Problem Pests
•MEALYBUGS
•SIX-SPOTTED MITE
Stewart Learmonth & Mark Stanaway, Department of Agriculture & Food, Manjimup, WA.
•APPLE LOOPER
Stewart Learmonth & Mark Stanaway
Department of Agriculture & Food
Manjimup WA.
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
MEALYBUGS - damage:
leaf loss, bunch exposure
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
MEALYBUGS - damage:
sooty mould
adult
sooty mould
honey dew
crawler
sooty mould
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
MEALYBUGS – damage:
a virus vector
Grapevine Leafroll-associated Virus Type 3 (GLRaV-3) and maybe others are
a concern in some WA regions.
Mealybugs and ? other sucking insects such as scale transmit this virus.
We need more information on the extent of the virus(es) & the vectors.
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
MEALYBUGS - identification
Longtailed mealybug and crawlers
Obscure mealybug and eggs
Longtailed mealybug adult male
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
MEALYBUGS - monitoring
Dormant vines
Leaves in spring
DAFWA monitoring protocol
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
MEALYBUGS – action thresholds
Dormant vines – 5 to 10%
Leaves in spring – 25 to 50%
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
MEALYBUGS – management
NATURAL ENEMIES
Few naturally occurring ones:
predators & parasites
Import from ES:
green lacewing
cryptolaemus ladybird
Protect natural enemies:
- don’t spray
- use “soft” products
- ground covers & insectaries.
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
MEALYBUGS – management
SPRAYS
Insecticide
Method of
application
Timing
Comments
Numerous
products
containing
chlorpyrifos
Canopy drench
Dormant vines as per
scale control
Only apply after heavy infestations the
previous season and confirmed by
monitoring. Spot treat if extent of
infestation is known.
Samurai
Drip line soil
drench
Near bud burst; up to
80% capfall
Only apply if mealybugs were a problem the
previous season or winter monitoring
indicted they are likely to be a problem.
Systemic activity.
Applaud, Clap
Foliar spray
Up to 80% capfall
Only apply after leaf monitoring indicates
crawlers at potentially pest numbers.
Requires good coverage on crawlers.
Acts as an insect growth inhibitor.
Food grade
detergent
High volume foliar
application
Near harvest.
Physically removes mealybugs and
associated sooty mould.
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
SIX-SPOTTED MITE - damage
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
SIX-SPOTTED MITE - identification
SIX-SPOTTED MITE - management
Predators
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
SIX-SPOTTED MITE - management
•Look for leaf symptoms
•Oil not effective
•Check for predators
•Permit for Omite
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
Apple Looper
A “New” Pest in Vines
Poor
fruit set
Apple looper effects on grape yield
15mm
% grapes OK
100
75
50
25
0
Semillon
Sav. Blanc
Merlot
Shiraz
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
Apple Looper
A New Pest in Vines
ƒ Native
ƒ Common pest on pome fruit crops
ƒ First identified on vines in Margaret River region Dec 2008
ƒ Prefers to feed on small unfertilised green berries
ƒ More severe damage on later flowering varieties
ƒ Feeding on berries increases disease risk near harvest
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
Apple Looper
Summary
ƒ In 2008 a moist cool spring resulted in extended flowering
ƒ Moths attracted to flowers
ƒ Check for loopers by tapping flowers over ice cream container
ƒ Limited effectiveness of natural control agents as loopers invade en
masse and feed on berries
ƒ Spray options same as for Lightbrown Apple Moth & Grapevine Moth
ƒ APVMA emergency use permit for range of chemicals PER # 11306
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
MARGARET RIVER, MANJIMUP & MT BARKER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2009
Problem Pests
THANK YOU
QUESTIONS/COMMENTS?
GRAPE AND WINE UPDATES
SWAN VALLEY, BUNBURY, MARGARET RIVER
21, 22, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010