L E A R N I N G • D I S C O V E R Y • E N T E R P R I S E DVersion 3.1 Information Technology Strategy Supporting Excellence L E A R N I N G • D I S C O V E1 R Y Page • E N T E R P R I S E Vision Our vision is for a University which is truly enhanced by the use of Information Technology (IT), supporting and enabling people to fulfil their roles. Information resources and tools should be accessible and well integrated to facilitate the processes of • • • Education, learning and teaching – for students and staff Research, for all researchers and collaborators Management of all aspects of the organisation The University of Bristol is one of the leading universities in the UK; it is consistently ranked in the top 10 in the UK and is in the top 100 worldwide. To sustain this, the University needs high quality Information Technology (IT). The IT Strategy is a strategy for the whole University and is aligned with the needs of the organisation and its members. Delivery of the Strategy will be based on good governance, project and service management, coupled with high quality reliable, sustainable IT Services. Good IT is needed to support the whole University and to enable excellence! Values It follows from our vision that we value: People • • • • • Students, who are motivated to learn Staff, professional and equipped to face changes and challenges of the future Enable research collaboration Innovation enlightens teaching & learning Allow people to maximise their potential. Information • • provide a rich set of information resources and tools, accessible to people wherever they are, whenever they need. a highly valued asset, to be managed and protected but deployed and made available to those who need it Service • • consistent, efficient and effective business processes supported by well-designed, integrated systems. excellence, responsiveness, innovation, resilience, performance and availability Environment • we must be aware of the impact of what we do and seek to utilise resources in sustainable, energy-efficient ways Page 2 Introduction – Scope This is a strategy for the whole University. It is intended to encompass the applications of Information Technology in all areas: departments, faculties, support services and all other organisational structures and groupings. Therefore all members of the University are stakeholders – students, staff and all others associated with the University of Bristol. It is also a strategy for IT in its widest sense: • • • Systems - to support corporate, faculty and departmental needs (eg for financial, personnel and student management); for library and other information resource provision; learning and teaching and to enable research, including High Performance Computing Services - help, support, training, systems development, business and systems analysis, programme and project management Infrastructure - networking, computing environments and machinery All of these require clear, well defined, agreed IT management and governance structures in order to deliver the aims and objectives of this IT Strategy. Implementation of the IT Strategy will be managed through a set of inter-related programmes and projects. Inevitably it will evolve over time but the Strategy is intended to set direction for the period 2008 to 2012. The IT Strategy carries on from the earlier, IPS (Information Processes and Systems) and ICT (Information and Communications Technology) strategies and so there will be continuity from IPS, ICT and other projects which are already on track. The IT Strategy builds on long-standing common sense principles of the Information Strategy. This Strategy has been developed following a widespread consultation, through surveys, focus groups and individual interviews, with many members of staff and students. It also draws on a wealth of material from other universities and organisations (see references, later). My thanks go to all the people who were involved in the surveys, focus groups and interviews which helped to form this Strategy. We had responses from nearly two thousand students and well over one hundred staff. Tim Phillips Director of Information Systems and Computing, April 2008 Page 3 Summary of Aims Aim 1 To support education, learning and teaching and to enhance the student experience Aim 2 To support Research and Enterprise Aim 3 To support the Business - by providing efficient and effective processes, enabled by well-designed, integrated information systems Aim 4 People at the centre of IT provision: to ensure that all members of the University are well supported, trained and equipped to fulfil their roles Aim 5 Information Resources: to provide members of the University with electronic information resources that they need for their work and studies Aim 6 Access: to provide access to IT facilities for members of the University, wherever they are, whenever they need it Aim 7 Communication and Collaboration: to provide integrated tools to enable communication and collaboration between members of the University and with others with whom they work and study Aim 8 Service: to provide excellent, responsive and resilient IT services for all members of the University Aim 9: Governance: to establish a clear IT governance model for strategic planning and development, coordination, decision making, resource allocation and funding Aim 10 Environment: to develop sustainable approaches to provision of IT, to minimise the impact on the environment Page 4 Aims and Objectives Aim 1 To support education, learning and teaching and to enhance the student experience “Collaborative working is becoming more prevalent in our course – rooms to facilitate that would be great” “Timetables are a mess for my department, I’ve got to look at three separate timetables to figure mine out.” “Computer rooms are excellent … [but] the Computer Centre 24 hour terminal room is ‘soulless’”. Provide “video lectures…so if you missed a lecture or wanted to go over the material again…it would be available”. Student IT Services Survey 2007 In feedback from staff, the two most common suggestions were: • There should be more flexible spaces to encourage student group work. • There should be facilities for video recording and playback of lectures. Objectives 1.1 Provide suitably equipped spaces to promote student learning, enabled by IT. - Spaces for “formal” lectures with a common standard of IT for presentation of teaching materials and to facilitate discussion between teachers and students. - Spaces for “informal” group work, with access to IT resources, most likely through wireless data networks. - Dedicated spaces with computers provided by the University. Consideration must be given to financial and human resource requirements balanced against the benefits of improved provision. New building and refurbishment projects should plan for IT needs from the outset. 1.2 Provide a rich set of online resources to complement face-to-face teaching and to enhance students’ learning. - Develop a scaleable, common mechanism for video recording and on-demand playback of lectures and other events. This should be capable of being embedded in and integrated with other facilities for presentation of study material. - Provide staff and students with a single point of access to online tools and materials, including Virtual Learning Environments (such as Blackboard). Ref: eLearning Strategy Actions 1, 2 & 13. - Investigate innovative applications of technology to facilitate learning. - Provide the infrastructure and support for teaching systems and software. Page 5 This implies that online facilities must be integrated properly and that, wherever possible, standard tools are adopted University-wide. However, it is accepted that there may be subject-specific requirements which have to be met by multiple solutions. This is most obvious with respect to e-Assessment (see below) where requirements in mathematical and scientific subjects differ from those in arts and humanities. Ref e-Learning Strategy Action 14. 1.3 Enable efficient and effective processes for student assessment. - Improve processes for management of examinations, including recording and communication of marks and results. - Develop robust, standard facilities and mechanisms for e-Assessment, recognising the need to demonstrate benefits in process improvements as well as in student learning. - Consider the need for standard mechanisms for online submission of written assignments (including plagiarism detection), storage of assignments and ease of provision of access to authorised staff who are then able to mark students’ work and feedback results and comments. 1.4 Improve communication with students - Single point of access to University, Faculty and Departmental information: the Portal. - Consistent and clear processes University-wide. - Good communication tools – typically email, but consideration also needs to be given to the use of tools such as instant messaging, text messaging, usergenerated content (wikis and blogs) and emerging technologies. The case for use of social networking facilities needs careful consideration – feedback from the Student Survey is that students see these facilities as unrelated to their interactions with the University, but are there uses of such technology which could enhance the learning experience? - Develop a coherent approach to the provision of remote access to course materials and resources. - Provide tools and systems to support students on placements. See also Aim 7: Communication and Collaboration. 1.5 Provide effective support and training facilities so that staff and students may make best use of what is available to them. See Aim 4: People. Also, ref: e-Learning Strategy Actions 4 & 17. Page 6 Aim 2 To support Research and Enterprise “Data storage is one of the key issues that is causing a massive problem for research excellence, and I view this as a top priority”. “High Performance Computing is an important area! University support …is a very welcome development – until now, all our work has used departmental HPC resources”. Needs: “Central server for audio-visual teaching and research materials” and “efficiently networked systems that will allow transfer of audio-visual data between researchers” and “good support and reliability”. All responses from academic staff in Future IT Strategy Survey, 2007. Objectives 2.1 Provide well-managed, resilient data storage infrastructure to support researchers’ needs. - This requires a data storage strategy which encompasses multiple requirements – very high volume research data, multi-media data, more modest commodity data storage for general applications (learning and teaching and business, as well as research). See Aim 5: Information Resources 2.2 Promote sustained investment in High Performance Computing in order to maximise potential research benefits. 2.3 Provide easily accessible, well integrated information resources. - This will draw on resources existing within the University (eg ROSE, IRIS) but also link into external resources (eg e-Journals, subject-specific data repositories). 2.4 Provide easy to use and access facilities for management of research projects (eg fEC Research Costing) with timely, consistent, accurate management information and reporting. See Objective 3.4. 2.5 Provide facilities for collaboration between researchers, both inside and outside the University, such as Virtual Research Environments (see Objective 7.4). Provide means of open access to research data and to publications. See Objective 3.6. 2.6 There should be a “feedback loop” to ensure that expertise in application of High Performance Computing is exploited in teaching and research methods for students – in a wide variety of academic disciplines. Page 7 Aim 3 To support the Business - by providing efficient and effective processes, enabled by well-designed, integrated information systems “As many University processes as possible should be online” – Student IT Services Survey 2007 We need: • Improved processes for exams, timetabling, purchasing… • Improved, consistent reporting of student numbers, financial information, personnel information. Summarised comments from interviews with Deans. The commonest concerns and needs expressed in the consultation process related to requirements for properly integrated processes, systems and reporting. Objectives 3.1 Develop a common understanding and process model of the University’s business strategy, relating to operational management of the organisation. 3.2 Provide systems to enable effective business processes. 3.3 Provide integrated systems to meet business requirements (at all levels). Integration must support multiple business processes spanning multiple operational domains and levels (eg finance, HR, student management and administration, faculties and departments). This may be achieved by use of “best of breed” information systems joined together by enterprise-wide workflow and business process management software. 3.4 Develop and deliver University-wide management information facilities providing convenient access to data from multiple sources to enable consistent reporting, analysis and decision making; otherwise known as Business Intelligence. This is likely to evolve from the adoption of an overall reporting strategy, applied initially to priority needs, such as Financial Management, and then extended to other areas. 3.5 Our aim should be that at least 80% of processes are carried out in common, standard ways throughout the University. For the remaining 20%, where there is genuine local variance and need, local (typically, departmental) systems development should be facilitated by provision of standard interfaces so that local systems and data can easily be linked to University-wide systems and data. This builds on principles already established in the DataHub Project. 3.6 Ideally, a single point of access should be provided to corporate systems and processes – this is the ultimate objective which follows from 3.3 and 3.4 above. It will only be achieved if we have a robust well-found systems architecture – comprising all aspects from systems processes down to physical computing infrastructure. 3.7 There is already a programme (Information Processes and Systems) of projects in place to deliver improved business systems and this has associated procedures for prioritisation of systems development. This strategy builds on that good work and Page 8 does not need to challenge priorities already in place. However, the consultation process has brought a significant number of comments about needs for process improvement. Frequently mentioned are: o o o o o o o Aim 4 Purchasing Timetabling Financial Management Processes related to student units Unit catalogue Unit registration Examinations Submission of student assignments (see Objective 1.3) Customer Relationship Management – with reference to tracking external contacts relating to research and enterprise, integrated marketing communications, campaigns and student careers. People at the centre of IT provision: to ensure that all members of the University are well supported, trained and equipped to fulfil their roles “I’d never sent an email before coming to Uni so I don’t think people should assume you have certain levels of IT knowledge”. “Teach the Lecturers how to use Blackboard” Student IT Survey 2007 Other comments from the survey indicate that students often do not know what IT facilities are available to them. There is often confusion about how to obtain services, whether via departments or Information Services. 70% of students wanted training on a wide variety of software packages and IT services. Objectives 4.1 Provide clear, concise information on what IT services are available: see also Aim 8: Service 4.2 Provide clear information on how to get help and support, preferably via a single point of contact, whatever the contact mechanism (face-to-face, telephone, email or web); see also Aim 9: Governance. 4.3 Undertake a thorough analysis of IT training needs of staff and students with the intention of ensuring that training resources are focused on the areas of greatest need. 4.4 Provide suitable IT skills training for staff and students to ensure that they have the underlying competencies to get the most benefit from the IT facilities at their disposal. 4.5 Provide good quality support, documentation and training for the most commonly used IT systems and software. 4.6 Provide information literacy and information skills training, particularly for students, so that they may be able to make effective and appropriate use of information resources. Page 9 4.7 Ensure that staff and students are well trained and able to make best use of elearning technology; ref e-Learning Strategy Actions 4 & 12. 4.8 Support the University’s Equality and Diversity Policy, in particular working to increase accessibility of IT resources for disabled people. 4.9 Support the University’s Safety Policy, in particular ensuring that IT contributes to a healthy, safe working environment. 4.10 Investigate provision of training on applied software packages, related to specific academic disciplines. 4.11 Particularly through the Career Framework Project, ensure that Professional IT staff have appropriate training and development so that they able to provide and support the high quality IT Service which the University needs. 4.12 Recognise the need for “Professionalism” in IT Service delivery and develop people and services accordingly; See Aim 8: Service. 4.13 “Critical” IT facilities are often dependent on key individuals. Therefore, it is important that professional IT staff are developed, appropriately rewarded, and managed and deployed to ensure skill and knowledge sharing where needs are greatest. 4.14 Provide training and information to enable staff to manage local departmental information, whilst ensuring effective integration between departmental websites and databases and University-wide systems. 4.15 IT enables change and IT projects have a significant impact on business processes and working methods, so it is important that there is investment in cultural change management as part of the process of designing, developing and implementing new information systems. Aim 5 Information Resources: to provide members of the University with electronic information resources that they need for their work and studies “Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information upon it” James Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson (1791). With the accelerating trend towards digitisation, people need to be able to search and locate information resources online. The materials themselves require “curation”, ie creation, organisation, distribution and preservation. Objectives 5.1 Support digitisation and increased provision of resources online; ref Library and Information Resources Provision Strategy (LIRPS), Objectives 5 & 6. 5.2 Provide integrated search tools, able to cross-search and link multiple information resources (internal & external) simultaneously. Search facilities should be available from and integrated with University information systems so that the search process is convenient and intuitive; ref LIRPS, objective 13. Page 10 5.3 Ensure that availability of all information resources is underpinned by a comprehensive data storage strategy (ie research, learning and corporate). 5.4 Provide resilient facilities for hosting and curation of research data, including very high volume data (ref: The Exabyte Project); see Objective 2.1. 5.5 Ensure that the University’s strategy for managing research data is consistent with emerging national and international best practice. Ref: E-Infrastructure strategy for Research, Office of Science and Innovation, 2007. 5.6 Promote and establish good practice, processes and systems, for Data and Records and Document Management, to mitigate the risk of data loss and to reduce duplication and inefficiency. 5.7 Continue to develop and integrate internal information repositories, notably ROSE (Repository of Scholarly e-Prints) and IRIS (Integrated Research Information System). Consider also the feasibility of developing an electronic repository for past examination papers; see Objective 2.3. Aim 6 Access: to provide access to IT facilities for members of the University, wherever they are, whenever they need it Students accessing IT on campus everyday: 40% Students accessing IT on campus at least once a week: 87% Students accessing IT off campus everyday: 66% Students accessing IT off campus at least once a week: 93% Statistics from Student IT Services Survey 2007. Staff interviewed report high levels of need for access to University IT facilities when travelling (anywhere in the world). Greatest demand is for email but some staff predict the need for internet based telephone services (VoiceOver IP, VOIP) such as “Skype”. Locally, there is a fast growing demand for Wireless networks. “Wireless network services need to be provided everywhere on campus. This would facilitate enormously the spontaneity and interaction components of collaborative research”, from a member of staff in Future IT Strategy Survey, 2007. “A user of electronic information is simultaneously a member of several communities: researcher, learner, administrator, teacher and also employee, citizen, consumer. Users are increasingly mobile, demanding reliable access at home, at work and whilst travelling. Their information needs are immediate, and they exploit a wide variety and quantity of resources”. JISC Strategy 2007-2009 Objectives 6.1 Provide systems which enable easy, location-independent access. Web-based systems and the University Portal should aggregate information and information channels, providing users with a personalised interface to the information and resources that they need to perform their roles. 6.2 Provide systems and services that have high availability. The objective should be to reduce the time required for maintenance and upgrades whenever possible, and to increase system reliability and resilience. Page 11 6.3 The web is arguably the University's single most important tool for communication, used by everyone from potential students to research partners and alumni. It is a powerful influence on the University's international reputation. Ongoing investment is required to ensure that the University keeps abreast of technological developments and cultural shifts, including the growth in online social networking and the increasing significance of the web in the quality of the student experience. 6.4 Investigate and experiment with innovative applications of IT, especially relating to new web-based methods of access, communication and collaboration. “Mobile technologies, social media, and tools that facilitate online reflection and collaboration are growing in popularity and relevance for teaching and learning. In particular recent web 2.0 technologies such as MySpace, You Tube, wikis, blogs etc. have changed the learner experience”. JISC Strategy 2007-2009 6.5 Many members of staff consulted in preparation of this strategy, said that they often accessed University IT resources remotely and that, whilst it is possible to access most facilities, it should be easier and less cumbersome to do so. IT systems and facilities should be developed to provide easier access for remote workers, this might be achieved by making all facilities accessible via the web but it is also possible that, with the establishment of a standard (PC Based) “desktop” this should be a “mobile” desktop. The most commonly requested facilities for mobile access are: • • • Email Filestore University licensed software. Development should focus on easy provision of access to these and other important applications through the web/portal and for those who have need, through mobile desktops. 6.6 Mobility of access on campus should be enhanced by further expansion of wireless networks, combined with provision of flexible space, eg for student group work and for visitors. Two levels of wireless network should be provided: • • 6.7 Secured network, requiring login and authentication for access to University and/or HE resources Open network for visitors – possibly provided in collaboration with Bristol City Council as part of the “Wireless Bristol” initiative. Provide facilities for identity management, which build on existing facilities for user authentication, authorisation and access. Participate in national and international initiatives to develop and implement best practice policies and procedures for provision (and de-provision) of user access to IT, Information resources and systems. Identity management facilities must be properly integrated with [other] systems which require user authentication in order to provide controlled, automated access to information and other resources. Page 12 Identity management is a fundamental building block, not only for access to IT but also for access to other University services; wider applications include University Identity Cards. 6.8 Ensure effective security policies and procedures are in place, building on the existing Information Access and Security Policy. Aim 7 Communication and Collaboration: to provide integrated tools to enable communication and collaboration between members of the University and with others with whom they work and study We need “greater flexibility in creation and sharing of data, including more wiki-type spaces for collaboration” from Future IT Strategy Survey of Staff 2007. Analysis from the Student IT Services Survey 2007 indicates that students expect to rely heavily on email for communication with the University and see this as quite separate from communication facilities which they use with friends and peers, eg Facebook and personal email accounts. There were some differences on whether students felt it appropriate for the University to contact them via text messages to their mobile phones. Many staff expressed the need for improved, better integrated communication facilities. Objectives 7.1 Provide effective, easy to use, integrated communication tools; this will evolve over time: • Short-term Provide support, documentation and training to allow people to make effective use of tools available now • Medium-term Provide improved integration of existing tools for email, contacts, (address books) and diary /calendar. • Long-term/aspiration Provide a fully integrated virtual communication centre which allows people to communicate with each other irrespective of the communication channel used (email, telephone, SMS text, instant messaging, video conference etc.) 7.2 Investigate the convergence of IT and telephony and develop a University strategy for conventional and internet telephony (VOIP), including use of mobile phones. 7.3 Provide integrated time management tools – diary/calendar, teaching and exam timetables. 7.4 Investigate and develop facilities, such as Virtual Research Environments, to support collaboration between researchers both within and outside the university. Page 13 Aim 8 Service: to provide excellent, responsive and resilient IT services for all members of the University Student IT Survey 2007 responses indicate that: • Students were generally satisfied with IT services • ResNet (81%) and email (79%) were rated as excellent or good • “Public” computer rooms were less well rated (c. 50% excellent or good) Staff responses indicated a need for: • More focused and responsive IT support • Robust, resilient, reliable systems and IT services We have also noted elsewhere that there is a lack of clarity about what IT services are provided and who provides them. Further more, the University Risk Register identifies dependence on “critical” IT services as a major risk; it also shows a series of mitigating steps which have been taken to protect such services. So, the fundamental aim is to ensure that: 1. The University has the IT services it needs 2. Members of the University know about those services and know how to make best use of them 3. Services are reliable and effective It also follows that: 4. Changes and developments of services must be well managed and communicated and achieve objectives. 5. Although IT services are currently delivered in a devolved way (through IT staff in departments and faculties as well as through Information Services), this should be transparent to those who need the services; see also Aim 9: Governance. Objectives 8.1 Develop Service Level Statements for IT Services, starting from initiatives currently going on in Information Services, but to extend this to cover all IT services. In identifying IT Services, “core” services must be clearly defined, as should additional (possibly chargeable) services. The relationship to local (eg departmental) IT must also be clear. 8.2 Implement ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library) best practice service management processes, building on the ITIL project which is already underway in Information Services but to extend this across the whole University. 8.3 As part of Service Level Statements, there should be a well defined set of standards, which is maintained and kept up to date with organisational needs and with technological developments. 8.4 Provide IT infrastructure which is well designed and managed and fit for purpose. Critical IT Infrastructure should be robust and resilient and risks of systems failure Page 14 must be assessed, with appropriated (tried and tested) Disaster Recovery/Business Continuity plans in place and kept up to date. 8.5 Service performance will be monitored as general good practice and to enable early detection and resolution of problems. 8.6 The University must continue to invest in IT infrastructure. Currently this is £1.1M pa, covering data networks; central services such as email and web, e-Learning, corporate and library systems; and IT facilities in Information Services sites. [There is separate provision for High Performance Computing, for estates and building management systems, and faculties and departments budget separately for IT too]. 8.7 In furtherance of objective 8.6, an on-going programme of work will be established to develop enterprise level technical architecture to provide the infrastructure to underpin University-wide IT services. 8.8 Opportunities for sharing of investment in IT will be exploited – for example by collaboration with other institutions in the South West Region (through SWERN) or with other Russell Group universities (through RUGIT). Aim 9: Governance: to establish a clear IT governance model for strategic planning and development, coordination, decision making, resource allocation and funding Feedback from staff in the consultation process for this strategy indicates needs for: • • • A University-wide, strategic approach to planning and provision of IT. Coordination of spending on IT and a review of the way budgets for IT are allocated. More coordinated central provision to prevent local “re-invention of wheels”, to reduce the burden of local (departmental) systems administration and development. Objectives 9.1 Carry out a review of IT provision across the University and from this to recommend the most appropriate management and decision making structures for provision of IT services. 9.2 Use this Strategy as the starting point for development of a “Development Plan” showing actions to deliver strategic objectives. The Development Plan will be enacted through programmes of projects, building on existing ICT and IPS Programmes and following resource planning and prioritisation mechanisms already in place (ie the “sifting” process). The Development Plan will identify Business Cases to be developed and submitted for sifting / approval. PRINCE2 continues to be the agreed standard for Project Management. Development of Strategy and Development Plan must be dynamic and responsive to needs. Page 15 9.3 Effective mechanisms must be in place to ensure compliance for example with Data Protection, Freedom of Information and Disability Discrimination legislation, and with copyright and licensing requirements. 9.4 Benefits and Value for Money of investment in IT will be assessed as outcomes of IT development projects and in planning and budgeting for IT service provision. 9.5 There will be continuing consultation and communication with all stakeholders on IT services and strategic development. Aim 10 Environment: to develop sustainable approaches to provision of IT, to minimise the impact on the environment IT, by its use of space, generation of heat, consumption of energy and production of paper documents, has a significant affect on the environment. It is self evident that we should recognise the need to be aware of the impact of what we do. Objectives 10.1 Give due weight to environmental impact (energy requirements, but also eventual waste disposal) when purchasing and recommending IT equipment. 10.2 Assess the environmental impact of existing IT equipment and to identify potential improvements, especially savings in energy consumption. 10.3 Develop environmentally sustainable strategies (in particular, reduction of power and cooling requirements) for: • Computer machine room environments • Servers • High Performance Computing • Desktop computing 10.4 Develop a strategy for supporting staff working from home (see also 6.5) to help reduce transport needs. 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