Overview of ST 372: Possible Content for the Final Exam 1. Experiments a. Given a description of an experiment, be able to identify… i. Response ii. Factors iii. Treatments iv. Experimental units (subjects) v. Sources of variation/error vi. Possible lurking variables vii. Control viii. Replication ix. Randomization x. Blocking b. Also be able to evaluate the above ideas i. Why are they used? ii. How could they have been improved? 2. Sampling Distributions a. Big picture ideas i. What is a sampling distribution? ii. Why are they important? b. The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) i. Applies when n ≥ 25 ii. Be able to calculate probabilities pertaining to the sample mean using a normal distribution 3. Confidence intervals and prediction intervals—two‐sided, symmetric versions only a. Find the value of zα/2 for a given confidence level b. Calculate these intervals 
i. CI: x  z /2
n
1
n
c. Interpret these intervals i. CI: the key to this interpretation is that the interval is for the population mean µ ii. PI: the key to this interpretation is that the interval is for an individual value X d. Know the relationship between… i. Confidence level and interval width ii. Sample size and interval width ii. PI: x  z /2 1 
Page 1 of 2 Overview of ST 372: Possible Content for the Final Exam 4. Hypothesis testing a. Given a study description/word problem, be able to… i. Determine the appropriate null and alternative hypothesis ii. Calculate the z‐statistic iii. Calculate the p‐value iv. Evaluate statistical significance based on the p‐value b. Use a confidence interval to conduct a two‐sided hypothesis test 5. Two‐factor ANOVA a. Calculate means, main effects, and interactions b. Calculate the sums of squares (SS) c. Fill in the ANOVA table by calculating… i. Degrees of freedom (df) ii. Mean square (MS) iii. The F‐statistics iv. The p‐values—these will be given; you need to determine if they are significant d. Hypothesis testing for ANOVA i. State appropriate null and alternative hypotheses ii. Use the p‐value to evaluate the model iii. Be able to state the final model 6. Regression (see modules at http://www.stat.ncsu.edu/people/woodard/courses/ST372/) a. Describe a relationship between two variables by evaluating… i. Direction (positive or negative) ii. Strength (using r and r2—more on these in bullet e.) iii. If there are any unusual observations/outliers b. Be able to recognize the estimated regression model from computer output c. Be able to interpret the slope in the context of a problem d. Use this model to predict the value of y for a given value of x e. Hypothesis testing for regression i. State appropriate null and alternative hypotheses ii. Use the p‐value (from a given ANOVA table for regression) to evaluate statistical significance of the slope parameter f. Correlation (r) and r2 i. Know basic properties of these quantities, such as… 1. Their ranges 2. What values indicate a strong relationship 3. What the sign of the correlation indicates ii. Be able to interpret r2 in the context of a problem Page 2 of 2