Designing an
Organization’s Standard Software Process
to meet
Multiple Standards
Bruce McNaughton
[email protected]
Customer Driven Solutions Limited
17-June-2004
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
1
Challenges for the SEPG
‘What standards should we meet?
Î Too
many external standards
Î Customer
Requirements?
‘How much documentation do we need?
Î Potential
for over documentation
‘What terminology do we use?
Î Multiple
sets of documentation?
‘How do we ensure we add value to the business?
Î Is
the investment justifiable?
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
2
My Journey
‘Started with a Business Problem
Î Implemented
good Project Management, and Software
Development practices
Î Implemented
good Management Practices
‘Significant business improvement
Î Controlled
growth
Î Predictable
plans
‘…. Then asked to meet ISO 9001 and look at the
CMM requirements
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
3
Approach
‘Begin with the end in mind (S. Covey)
‘Understand the business and users needs
‘Draw on Software Engineering principles to design
and implement the set of business processes to
meet these needs.
‘Ensure these processes meet any external
requirements
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
4
Institutionalisation
What you say you do
Industry
Standards
Process and
Technology
Best Practice
What you actually do
Training &
Coaching
Goals
Results
G
A
P
Assessment &
Corrective Action
Teams
Skills, Knowledge
Behaviours
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
5
Role and Team Based
‘Why Roles?
Î Independent
Î Multiple
Î Skill
of Job Descriptions
hats
development at a wider level
‘Why Teams?
Î Uncouple
Î Ensure
Î Cross
from the organization
clear responsibilities
organizational boundaries
‘Identify Role Models
Î Practitioners
Î Focal
and managers
point for process improvement
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
6
Focus on the Work
Process Information
(Policy, Procedures, Guidelines, Examples, etc)
Under
Change
Control
Product
Description
Plan the
Work
Do the
Work
Work
Product
Check the
Work
Product
Completed
Work
Product
Resources
(People, Equipment, Money)
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
7
Why Focus on the Work?
‘Make the ‘easy’ work ‘easy’!!
Î Share
knowledge and best practice
Î Allow
more time for difficult areas
‘Understand Role Needs
Î Terminology
Î Training
Î Some
recognized by the people
and skill requirements
good examples
‘Understand the tool requirements
Î What
tools are available?
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
8
Process Structure
Process Architecture
(Portfolio)
Process
(Purpose, Roles, Activities, Glossary)
Policy
Tools
Guidelines
/ Techniques
Examples
Procedures
Training
Materials
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
9
Project Management Process
Corporate or Programme Management
Review and Direction (Project Tolerance)
Notification of Project Start
DP - Directing a Project
DP1
DP2
‘Authorisation and Approval’
DP3
DP4
Project
Mandate
Project Brief
Project Approach
Risk Log
Initiation Stage Plan
Project Organisation
Authorisation
to Proceed
Authorisation
to Proceed
Highlight
Reports
Draft PID
CS1
Issue
SU
Starting up
a Project
‘Pre-Project’
CS6
CS
Controlling
a Stage
Exception
Report
CS8
CS3 - CS4
IP
Initiating
a Project
CS7
|
CS1
Trigger
Next Stage
DP4
DP3
Request
Exception
Plan
DP5
End Stage Report
Next Stage Plan, etc
SB
Managing
Stage
Boundaries
‘Review and Take Stock’
CS7
|
CS9
End Stage
Report, etc
Trigger
Close
End Project Report
Lessons Learned Report
Post Project Review Plan
Customer Acceptance
Follow on Actions
Operational Acceptance
Project File Archived
CP
Closing a
Project
‘Orderly Close’
Checkpoint
Project
File /
CL
Project Plan
CS5
|
CS2
‘Day to Day Management’
‘Baseline’
Initiation Stage Plan
Notification of Project End
MP
Managing
Product Delivery
‘Creating Products’
Next Stage Plan
Exception Plan
Project Plan
PRINCE® is a registered
trademark of the OGC
Notes on the Picture from SPOCE
Project Management Limited..
Team Plans
(Optional)
PL - Planning
‘Products, Resources, and Time’
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
10
Software Development Life
Cycle
Product Development Life Cycle
Identify
Requirements
Planning and
Specification
Development
Iterations
Beta
Iterations
Release
The Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM)
can also be used as the basis for a
Software Development Life Cycle.
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
11
Process Design - Principles
‘Minimize Coupling and Maximize Strength
Î Life
Cycles translate requirements to release
Î Project
Management uses any life cycle to deliver results
‘Focus terminology on the work
Î not
the organization
Î not
the external standard
‘Separate ‘What’ from ‘How’
‘Separate ‘Training materials’ from the process
‘Integrate ‘Natural’ metrics into the processes
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
12
Process Architecture
‘A Collection of Processes
Î With
a uniform process structure
Î Used
in an organization
‘Cover all relevant work in the organization
Î for
all identified roles
Î for
all identified teams
‘Highlights interdependencies
Î Just
like a software architecture
Î Businesses
are real time…
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
13
Process Architecture
Business Performance Management
Resource Management
Contract
Management
Process
Project
Management
Process
PRINCE2 ®
Based
Software
Development
Lifecycle
Rapid Application
Development
Lifecycle
DSDM ® Based
Customer Service
and
Support Process
Process Management Lifecycle
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
14
Architecture - Principles
‘Big Picture - Single Page
Î Understand
the interfaces
Î Understand
the layers
‘Understand the information flows
Î Each
document, report, or record is a flow of information
Î Integrate
‘natural’ metrics collection into the flows
‘Each person must be able to identify which
processes they use.
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
15
Process Requirements
Industry
Standards
What you say you do
ISO 9001:2000
TickIT (ISO 12207)
Process and
Technology
SEI SW-CMM ®
/ CMMi ®
People CMM ®
Business
Excellence Model
PRINCE2 ®
/ PMBOK ®
DSDM ®, Extreme
Programming,
TSP / PSP
G
A
P
Organization’s
Software
Process Assets
(OSPA)
Best Practice
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
16
External Requirements
‘Assessment Models
Î Check
Process Coverage and Implementation
Î Examples
Š ISO 9001:2000®, ISO 12207, ISO 15504, TL9000
Š SW-CMM® CMMi ®
Š People CMM ®
Š Business Excellence Model
‘Implementation Models
Î Focus
on best practice and starting point for process design
and implementation
Î Examples
Š PMI PMBOK®, PRINCE2®
Š DSDM, Extreme Programming, TSP / PSP
Š ITIL
Š Six Sigma
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
17
Assessment vs Implementation Models
Assessment Models
(Check Process Coverage
and Implementation)
Implementation Models
(Starting Point for process design
and Implementation)
SW-CMM ®
PMBOK ®
Project
Life Cycles
All Processes
PRINCE2 ®
ISO 9001:2000
TickIT(12207)
Process Architecture
Defines the unique processes
used within the organisation
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
18
Project Management
Processes
Process Architecture
Processes
SW-CMM ®
SSM
Procurement
Purchasing
TP
SPP
SPTO
SCM
SQA,
OPF, OPD
ISO 9001:2000
TickIT(12207)
All Processes
People
Management
Project
Management
“What”
+ “How”
(Forms, Templates,
Procedures)
Process
Management
Human
Resources
PMBOK ®
All Other
Areas
EVM/EVA
Processes
Components
Areas
needing
further
detail
Prince2 ®
Unique to the
Organisation
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
19
Requirements Principles
‘Map Requirements to your business processes
Î Helps
you build a robust business process
Î Identify
gaps and actions from this mapping
‘Build a Shell around the processes
Î Help
for the assessors
Î Maps
the terminology
‘Look for synergy
Î Process
reuse?
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
20
Conclusion
‘Begin with the end in mind (S. Covey)
Î
Understand Institutionalization
Î
Balance and integrate People, Process, Techology, and the Business
Î
Make this simple
‘Understand the business and users needs
Î
Be focused on the people and their work
Î
Add value to the business and support the users
‘Understand the principles behind Process Design
Î
Separate ‘What’ from ‘How’
Î
Minimum coupling maximum strength
‘Map external requirements to your processes
Î
Identify gaps and actions to improve your processes.
Î
Build a ‘shell’ for the assessors.
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
21
References
‘ Assessment Model Information
Î
“The Capability Maturity Model”, “People Capability Maturity Model”, Carnegie Mellon University,
Software Engineering Institute.
Î
“The TickIT Guide, Issue 5.0”, Disc TickIT Office. (Includes ISO 9001:2000 and mapping to ISO
12207).
Î
ISO 15504 Series, International Standards Organization.
‘ Implementation Model Information
Î
“Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2”, “Managing Successful Programmes”,
“Management of Risk, Guidance for Practitioners”, “ITIL Managing IT Services Series”, The
Office of Government Commerce, UK.
Î
“A Guide to the ‘Project Management Body of Knowledge’”, PMBOK® Guide, 2000 Edition
Î
“Dynamic Systems Development Method”, DSDM Consortium
Î
“Introduction to the Personal Software Process”, “Introduction to the Team Software Process”,
Watts S. Humphrey
Î
“Extreme Programming explained”, Kent Beck.
‘ Other Useful References
Î
“The Seven Habits of Highly Successful People”, S. Covey
Î
“The Fifth Discipline”, Peter Senge
Î
“Business Process Improvement”, H. James Harrington
‘ For process examples, and related information www.processassets.com
Customer Driven Solutions Limited, Designing an OSSP to meet Multiple Standards: V1.0 17-June-2004
Bruce McNaughton, Copyright 2000-2004
www.process-aide.com
[email protected]
22