fo"k; oLrq
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izLrkouk
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,uvkbZvks,l ,d eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk ç.kkyh
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ços'k
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'kSf{kd lgk;rk
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ewY;kadu ,oa çek.ku
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eqDr csfld f'k{kk
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O;kolkf;d f'k{kk
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tc pkgks rc ijh{kk (vkWu fMekaM)
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vkbZlhVh rFkk ehfM;k lgk;rk
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çR;k;u
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,uvkbZvks,l vkSj vYila[;d f'k{kk
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{ks=kh; dsUæ vkSj vè;;u dsUæksa esa lgk;rk lsok,a
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D;k djsa o D;k u djsa
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vè;k;&13
mPprj f'k{kk ds fy, ijke'kZ
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izkDdFku
jkԻh; eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkku (,uvkbZvks,l) us 23 uoacj 1989 dks viuh LFkkiuk ds ckn ls
vc rd ns'k Hkj esa gh ugha vfirq varjZkԻh; Lrj Hkh viuh mifLFkfr ntZ djk;h gSA ;g eqDr vkSj
nwjLFk f'k{kk (vksMh,y) ds ekè;e ls iwoZ Lukrd Lrj rd vè;;u ds ikB~;Øeksa dh ,d O;kid
Jà•yk çnku djrk gSA Hkkjr esa ,uvkbZvks,l ds dk;ZØeksa tSls eqDr csfld f'k{kk] ekè;fed f'k{kk]
mPprj ekè;fed f'k{kk vkSj O;kolkf;d f'k{kk pykus ds fy, 6000 ls vfèkd vè;;u dsaæ gSAa
,uvkbZvks,l ds oqQN vè;;u dasæ fons'k esa Hkh gSaA fofoèk çdkj ds y{; lewg dh 'kSf{kd
vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l us Hkkjr vkSj fons'k esa cM+h la[;k esa vè;;u dasæ LFkkfir
djus dh ;kstuk cukbZ gSA
,uvkbZvks,l ds brus O;kid lajpukRed Lo:i dks ns•rs gq,] ;g LokHkkfod gS fd Hkkoh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa
vkSj ,uvkbZvks,l esa ukekafdr f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks fofHkUu Lrjksa ij ços'k] vè;;u ds ikB~;Øe] lgk;rk
lsok,¡ vkSj ijh{kk ç.kkyh ds ckjs esa fofHkUu çdkj dh iwNrkN dh vko';drk gksA ,uvkbZvks,l ls
vè;;u dsaæ ds :i esa çR;k;u çkIr djus ds fy, vkosnu djus okyh laLFkk,a@laxBu Hkh le;≤
ij fofHk çdkj dh tkudkjh ekaxrs jgrs gSaA
;|fi ,uvkbZvks,l us f'k{kkFkhZ ds lgt mi;ksx gsrq lgk;rk dsUnz (users friendly learner support
centre) LFkkfir fd;k gS ftl ij dkWy djds O;fDr ,uvkbZvks, l dk;ZØeksa vkSj xfrfofèk;ksa ds ckjs esa
tkudkjh çkIr dj ldrs gSa] rFkkfi ,slk ik;k x;k gS fd oqQN ç'u ,sls gSa ftuds mÙkj@Li‘hdj.k
,uvkbZvks,l ds fofHk foHkkxksa }kjk izk;% fn;s tkrs gSaA MkW- la;e Hkkj}kt] funs'kd] fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk
lsok,¡ foHkkx us ,uvkbZvks,l vkSj blds dk;ZØeksa ds ckjs esa vDlj iwNs tkus okys ç'uksa ij ,d
iqfLrdk rS;kj djus dk egRoiw.kZ ç;kl fd;k gSA mUgksaus bl ç;kl esa ,uvkbZvks,l ds lHkh foHkkxksa vkSj
bdkb;ksa ls ijke'kZ fd;k gSA eSa] fo|kFkZh lgk;rk lsok,¡ foHkkx ds bl ç;kl esa lg;ksx nsus ds fy,
Jh ;w-,u-•okM+s] iwoZ lfpo] Jh lh- èkk#eu] lfpo ,oa funs'kd (ewY;kadu)] MkW- oqQynhi vxzoky]
funs'kd ('kSf{kd) vkSj O;kolkf;d f'k{kk foHkkx ds vfèkdkfj;ksa dh Hkh ljkguk djrk gw¡A
eq>s yxrk gS fd ;g iqfLrdk ,uvkbZvks,l ds fofHkUu foHkkxksa] orZeku vkSj Hkkoh vè;;u dsUæksa vkSj
tu lkekU; ds fy, vR;ar mi;ksxh fl¼ gksxhA ;g nLrkost+ ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV ij Hkh fn;k
tk,xk ftlls bldk O;kid çlkj vkSj mi;ksx gks ldsA
eSa bl iqfLrdk dks rS;kj djus esa MkW- la;e Hkkj}kt vkSj muds dkfeZdksa }kjk fd, x, ç;klksa dh ljkguk
djrk gw¡A bl nLrkost+ ds ckjs esa vkids lqfopkj ,oa lq>ko dk lnSo Lokxr gSA
uoac j] 2014
ts- vkye
la;qDr lfpo] ek-la-fo-ea,oa vè;{k] ,uvkbZvks,l
izLrkouk
Hkkjr esa fofHkUu çdkj ds cPpksa dks f'kf{kr djus ds fy, eqDr ,oa nwjLFk f'k{kk ç.kkyh etcwr idM+ cuk jgh gSA
jk‘ªh; eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkku (,uvkbZvks,l) eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk ç.kkyh dks l'kDr èkjkry ij j•us dk
ç;kl dj jgk gSA eqDr rFkk nwjLFk f'k{kk ç.kkyh dh voèkkj.kk ds vuq:i ,uvkbZvks,l us cgqr ls uo çorZu vkjaHk
fd, gSa tks lkekU; rkSj ij vkSipkfjd f'k{kk ç.kkyh esa miyCèk ugha gSaA ,slh oqQN fo'ks"krk,a fuEufyf•r gSa%
f'k{kkFkhZ dks vius LFkku rFkk viuh xfr ls lh•us dh Lora=krkA
lqfoèkk,a ftuesa 'kkfey gSa%&
(i) o"kZ Hkj ços'k (ii) ikB~;Øeksa dk O;kid p;u
(iii) lkoZtfud ijh{kk (ØsfMV lap;u dh lqfoèkk ds lkFk ukS ckj ijh{kk esa cSBus dk ekSdk) (iv) tc pkgks
rc ijh{kk dh lqfoèkkA
O;kolkf;d f'k{kk ikB~;Øeksa dh çklaf xdrk] D;ksafd ;s nSfud thou esa mi;ksxh rFkk ykHknk;d gSa vkSj ;s
jkstxkj ds {ks=k ds fy, Hkh rS;kj djrs gSaA
'kSf{kd ikB~;Øeksa ds lkFk O;kolkf;d fo"k;ksa dks pquus dk fodYiA
ØsfMV lap;u lqfoèkkA
LowQy f'k{kk ds vU; cksMks± ls ØsfMV LFkkukarj.k dh lqfoèkkA
O;fDrxr laidZ dk;ZØe (ihlhih)A
vuqf 'k{kd }kjk vaf dr ewY;kadu dk;Z (Vh,e,)
f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks vkbZlhVh rFkk ehfM;k dh lgk;rkA
,uvkbZvks,l ds fofHkUu foHkkxksa rFkk vè;;u dsaæksa esa lgk;rk lsok,aA
;g LokHkkfod gS fd tc cgqr lh uohu fo'ks"krk,a ,d ubZ f'k{kk ç.kkyh dk fgLlk curh gSa rks mlds Hkkoh f'k{kkFkhZ
mlds ckjs esa oqQN Li‘hdj.k rFkk mlls lacafèkr tkudkjh ysuk pkgsaxsA ,uvkbZvks,l ds çek.ki=kksa dh ekU;rk ds ckjs
esa vfèkdka'kr% ç'u iwNk tkrk gSA bl ckjs esa dg ldrs gSa fd ,uvkbZvks,l (ekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky;] Hkkjr
ljdkj ds varxZr ,d laxBu) dks iwoZ&Lukrd Lrj rd LowQyh f'k{kk ikB~;Øeksa esa ukekadu] ijh{kk rFkk çek.ki=k
nsus dk vfèkdkj çnku fd;k x;k gSA vc ;g lofoZfnr gS fd ,uvkbZvks,l] lhch,lbZ rFkk lhvkbZ,llhbZ ds leku
jk‘ªh; Lrj ij ,d LowQy f'k{kk cksMZ ds :i esa dke djrk gSA tks f'k{kkFkZh ,uvkbZvks,l ls vius vè;;u ds
ikB~;Øe liQyrkiwoZd iwjk djrs gSa mUgsa çfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa rFkk mPp f'k{kk ikB~;Øeksa bR;kfn esa ços'k ysus esa dksbZ
dfBukbZ ugha gksrh gSA
,uvkbZvks,l ds çkjfEHkd o"kks± esa] blds ckjs esa lkekU;d turk] f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa rFkk laLFkkvksa }kjk iwNs x, ç'uksa ds
tokc çk;% lacafèkr foHkkxksa }kjk fn, tkrs FksA tqykbZ] 2002 esa fo|kFkZh lgk;rk lsok,a foHkkx ds LFkkfir gksus ds ckn
;g u;k foHkkx ,uvkbZvks,l ds dk;ZØeksa rFkk xfrfofèk;ksa ls lacafèkr vfèkdka'k ç'uksa ds mÙkj nsus dh lqfoèkk,a çnku
djus esa l{ke gSA {ks=kh; dsaæksa ds bZ&esy vkbZMh ds vykok vc f'k{kkFkhZ ,uvkbZvks,l ds f'k{kkFkZh lgk;rk dsaæ
[email protected] ij Hkh laidZ dj ldrs gSaA ;g ,d ,dek=k dkWy&ç;ksxdrkZ vuqowQy f'k{kkFkZh lgk;rk dsaæ gS
ftlds ekè;e ls dkWy djus okyk O;fDr vius ç'uksa ds mÙkj vkbZohvkj,l ds ekè;ke ls iwokZÉ 9%30 cts ls
vijkÉ 5%30 cts vkSj vijkÉ 5%30 cts ls iwokZÉ 9%30 cts rd dk;Zdkfj;ksa ds lkFk ckr djds çkIr dj ldrk gSA
blds vykok] ,uvkbZvks,l ds ckjs esa vfèkdka'k tkudkjh bldh osclkbV www.nios.ac.in ij miyCèk gSA
oqQN le; ls ;g vuqHko fd;k x;k fd gesa ^^,uvkbZvks,l rFkk blds dk;ZØeksa ds ckjs esa vDlj iwNs x, ç'uksa
(,iQ,D;w) ij ,d iqfLrdk** cukuh pkfg,A fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,a foHkkx us fofHkUu nLrkostksa esa miyCèk tkudkjh
ds lkFk&lkFk ,uvkbZvks,l ds fofHk foHkkxksa ls Hkh vfèkd lwpukRed ,d iqfLrdk cukbZA eSa vk'kk djrk gw¡ fd ;g
iqfLrdk lHkh vfèkdkfj;ksa rFkk dkfeZdksa dks vè;;u dsaæksa ij miyCèk vè;;u ds ikB~;Øeksa] ç.kkyh esa 'kkfey
lqfoèkkvksa] ijh{kk rFkk çek.ku] çR;k;u] vYila[;d f'k{kk] vkbZl hVh rFkk ehfM;k lgk;rk vkSj lgk;rk lsokvksa tSlh
fofHk çdkj ds ç'uksa dk mÙkj nsus esa leFkZ cuk,xhA bl iqfLrdk dh lgk;rk ls dksbZ Hkh vfèkdkjh ;k dkfeZd
vkxarqdksa ;k dkWy djus okyksa }kjk ekaxh xbZ tkudkjh dks larks"ktud :i ls miyCèk djk ldsxkA
ge bl iqfLrdk dh fo"k; oLrq rFkk mi;ksfxrk ds ckjs esa vkids fopkj rFkk lq>ko vkeaf=kr djrs gSaA
uoacj] 2014
MkW- la;e Hkkj}kt
funs'kd] fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,a foHkkx]
,uvkbZvks,l
vè;k; & 1
,uvkbZvks,l % ,d eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk iz.kkyh
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,uvkbZvks,l D;k gS\
mÙkj% jk‘ªh; eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkku (,uvkbZvks,l) ,d 'kSf{kd laxBu gS tks eqDr ,oa nwjLFk
ekè;e ls f'k{kk çnku djrk gS vkSj jk‘ªh; cksMkZsa ;Fkk dsUæh; ekè;fed f'k{kk cksMZ (lhch,lbZ) rFkk
Hkkjrh; LowQy lfVZfiQdsV ijh{kk ifj"kn (lhvkbZ,llhbZ) cksMks± ds led{k Lrj ij iwoZ&Lukrd Lrj
rd ds fy, ijh{kk,a vk;ksftr djrk gS vkSj çek.ki=k çnku djrk gSA
eqDr ,oa nwjLFk f'k{kk ç.kkyh D;k gS \
mÙkj% eqDr ,oa nwjLFk f'k{kk (vksMh,y) Lo&vè;;u lkexzh (,l,y,e) vkSj f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dh xfr ds
vkèkkj ij lqfoèkktud rjhds ls f'k{kk ds volj miyCèk djkus dh çorZudkjh ladYiuk gSA bl
ekè;e esa] f'k{kkFkZh dks ,l,y,e ds vfrfjDr ihlhih vkSj Vh,e, ds :i esa 'kSf{kd lgk;rk Hkh
miyCèk djkbZ tkrh gSA
eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk vkSj fu;fer fo|ky;h f'k{kk O;oLFkk esa D;k varj gS\
mÙkj% fu;fer fo|ky;h f'k{kk O;oLFkk ,d fu;r le;&lkfj.kh ds lkFk d{kk ç.kkyh dh vkSipkfjd
O;oLFkk esa vkeus&lkeus dh ,d ijEijkxr f'k{kk O;oLFkk gS_ tcfd eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk f'k{kkFkhZ
dh Lo&vè;;u ,d lqfoèkktud fofèk ls djkus vkSj mldh rS;kjh ds vuqlkj ewY;kadu dh i¼fr gSA
eqDr f'k{kk ç.kkyh mu f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa ds fy, vR;ar mi;ksxh gS tks vkfFkZd] lkekftd ;k HkkSxksfyd
dkj.kksa ls vkSipkfjd f'k{kk çkIr ugha dj ik, gSa ;k fdlh çdkj dk jkstxkj djus ds lkFk&lkFk
f'k{kk Hkh çkIr djuk pkgrs gSaA
,uvkbZvks,l f'k{kk miyCèk djkus dh n`f‘ ls fdlh vU; laLFkku ls fdl çdkj fHkUu gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l eqDr ,oa nwjLFk ekè;e ls f'k{k.k dh f'k{kkFkhZ dsfUær voèkkj.kk dk vuqlj.k
djrk gSA ;g fdlh vU; vkSipkfjd f'k{kk ç.kkyh dh rqyuk esa vfèkd O;kid Lrj ij f'k{kk ds
fo"k; miyCèk djkrh gSA f'k{kkFkhZ viuh vko';drkvksa vkSj y{;ksa ds vkèkkj ij fo"k;ksa ds la;kstu
dk p;u djus ds fy, Lora=k gSaA f'k{kkFkhZ fo'ks"k :i ls rS;kj dh xbZ Lo&vfè;;u lkexzh
(,l,y,e) ls viuh xfr ds vuqlkj vè;;u djrs gSaA f'k{kkFkhZ dks vkWfM;ks ohfM;ks lkexzh miyCèk
djkbZ tkrh gS vkSj vodk'k ds fnuksa o lIrkgkarksa esa vè;;u dsUæksa ij çR;{k d{kk,a vk;ksftr dh
tkrh gSaA f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks mudh rS; kjh ds vuqlkj muds fo"k;ksa dh ijh{kk esa cSBus dh Lora=krk gksrh gSA
,uvkbZvks,l }kjk dkSu ls ikB~;Øe pyk;s tk jgs gSa\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l fuEufyf•r dk;ZØe@ikB~;Øe pykrk gS%&
(d) eqDr csfld f'k{kk (vkschbZ) dk;ZØe] ftlesa fuEufyf•r rhu Lrj ds ikB~;Øe 'kkfey gSa%
(i) vkschbZ ^d^ Lrj dk ikB~;Øe & rhljh d{kk ds led{k
(ii) vkschbZ ^•^ Lrj dk ikB~; Øe & ikap oha d{kk ds led{k
(iii) vkschbZ ^x^ Lrj dk ikB~;Øe & vkBoha d{kk ds led{k
([k) 'kSf{kd ikB~; Øe
(i) ekè;fed ikB~;Øe & nloha d{kk ds led{k
(ii) mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øe & ckjgoha d{kk ds led{k
(x) O;kolkf;d f'k{kk ikB~; Øe
(?k) thou le`f¼ ikB~;Øe
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D;k ,uvkbZvks,l ls çkIr ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed çek.ki=k dks ogh ekU;rk çkIr gS tks
vU; cksMks± dks çkIr gS\
mÙkej% th gkaA ,uvkbZvks,l ls çkIr ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed çek.ki=kksa dks ogh ekU;rk çkIr gS
tks vU; cksMkZsa }kjk tkjh çek.ki=kksa dks çkIr gSA ,uvkbZvks,l dks fnukad 14 flracj] 1990 esa Hkkjr
ljdkj ds ladYi ds rgr ekè;fed vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ij lkoZtfud ijh{kk,a vk;ksftr
djus dk çkfèkdkj çkIr gSA blds vfrfjDr] ,uvkbZvks,l lfgr lHkh cksMZ pkgs os jk‘ªh; cksMZ gksa ;k
jkT; cksMZ] jk‘ªh; ikB~; p;kZ ÚseodZ] 2005 dk vuqlj.k dj jgs gSaA vr% ,uvkbZvks,l ds ekè;fed
vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ds çek.ki=k vU; cksMks± ds ekè;fed vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ds
çek.ki=kksa ds led{k vkSj muds leku gSaA
,uvkbZvks,l dk laxBukRed Lo:i D;k gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l dk eq[;ky; ,&24&25] baLVhV~; w'kuy ,fj;k] lsDVj&62] uks,Mk (mÙkj çns'k) esa
fLFkr gSA blds laxBukRed Lo:i esa eq[;ky; esa ikap foHkkx rFkk ns'k ds fofHkUu jkT;ks@a
Hkkxksa esa mUuhl {ks=kh; dsUæ] nks mi&{ks=kh; dsUæ rFkk ,d çdks’ 'kkfey gSaA ,uvkbZvks,l ds foHkkx
gSa (i) 'kSf{kd (ii) O;kolkf;d f'k{kk (iii) ewY;kadu (iv) f'k{kkFkZh lgk;rk lsok,¡ vkSj
(v) ç'kkluA
eq>s ,uvkbZvks,l ds ckjs esa tkudkjh dSls çkIr gks ldrh gS\
mÙkj% blds fy, vki ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbZV www.nios.ac.in ns• ldrs gSa ;k
bih,ch,Dl% 0120&4089800] Vksy Úh uacj% 18001809393 ij iQksu }kjk laidZ dj ldrs gSaA
fdl ladYi ds rgr] ,uvkbZvks,l dks LowQy Lrj ij ijh{kk vk;ksftr djus vkSj blds fy,
çek.ki=k nsus dk çkfèkdkj çnku fd;k x;k gS\
mÙkj% Hkkjr ds jkti=k ds Hkkx&1] vuqPNsn la- 42 esa fnukad 20 vDVw~cj] 1990 dks çdkf'kr fnukad
14 flracj] 1990 ds ladYiu la- ,iQ 5-24@90vuqlwph-3 ds rgr Hkkjr ljdkj us ,uvkbZvks,l dks
LowQy Lrj ij ijh{kk vk;ksftr djus vkSj rRi'pkr çek.ki=k tkjh djus dk çkfèkdkj çnku fd;k gSA
D;k Hkkjrh; fo'o fo|ky; la?k us ,uvkbZvks,l çek.ki=kksa dks led{krk çnku dh gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA Hkkjrh; fo'ofo|ky; la?k us fnukad 25 tqykbZ] 1991 ds i=k la bZoh11@(354)@91 ds
rgr Hkkjrh; fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa mPprj f'k{kk esa ços'k ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ds ikB~;Øeksa dks
ekU;rkçkIr cksMks± dh vU; ijh{kkvksa ds leku led{krk çnku dh gSA
D;k ,uvkbZvks,l ls mÙkh.kZ ekè;fed Lrj dk f'k{kkFkhZ fdlh vU; cksMZ esa ckjgoha d{kk esa
ços'k çkIr dj ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA pwafd ,uvkbZvks,l lfgr jk"Vªh; vkSj jkT; Lrj ds lHkh cksMZ ,ulhbZvkjVh }kjk fufeZr
jk‘ªh; ikB~;Øe ÚseodZ&2005 dk vuqlj.k dj jgs gSa] blfy,] ,uvkbZvks,l ls ekè;fed Lrj dh
ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ djus okyk f'k{kkFkhZ fdlh vU; cksMZ esa ckjgoha d{kk esa ços'k çkIr djus ds ;ksX; gSA
D;k ,uvkbZvks,l ls mPprj ekè;fed Lrj dh ijh{kk ikl djus okyk f'k{kkFkhZ fo'ofo|ky;
;k O;kolkf;d dkWystksa esa ços'k çkIr djus ds ;ksX; gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA ,uvkbZvks,l dk f'k{kkFkhZ fdlh vU; fo'ofo|ky; ;k O;kolkf;d dkWyst esa ços'k
çkIr djus ds ;ksX; gS ;fn og mu fo'ofo|ky;@O;kolkf;d dkWyst ds ;ksX;rk ekunaM dks iwjk
djrk gksA
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,uvkbZvks,l esa ços'k ysus dh çfØ;k D;k gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l us ekè;fed vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ij 100» vkWu&ykbu ços'k vkjaHk fd;k
gS rkfd f'k{kkFkhZ Lo;a viuk iathdj.k djk ldsaA
bl ;kstuk ds varxZr] f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa ds ikl rhu fodYi gSa%
(i) os ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV vFkZkr~ www.nios.ac.in ij tkdj çR;{k :i ls Lo;a viuk
iathdj.k djk ldrs gSaA
(ii) os vius fudVre ,vkbZ (vè;;u dsUæ@lgk;rk dsUæ esa tkdj ogka¡ vkWu&ykbu iat hdj.k ds
fy, mudh lgk;rk dj ldrs gSaA
(iii) os vius {ks=kh; dsUæksa esa tk dj vkWu&ykbu iathdj.k ds fy, mudh lgk;rk dj ldrs gSAa
(iv) f'k{kkFkhZ ns'kHkj esa vkWuykbu iathdj.k ds fy, Hkkjr ljdkj ds tu lsok dsUæ dh lsokvksa dk
ç;ksx Hkh dj ldrs gSaA
ekè;fed ikB~;Øe esa ços'k ds fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;k gSa\
mÙkj% ,d O;fDr ftlus vkBoha d{kk ikl dh gks vkSj mlds ikl 14 o"kZ dh vk;q iwjh djus dk oSèk
çek.ki=k gks rks og ekè;fed ikB~; Øe esa iathdj.k ds fy, vkosnu dj ldrk gSA
,d Lo&çek.ki=k fd ^^eSaus ekè;fed ikB~;Øe djus ds fy, i;ZkIr f'k{kk dh gS^^ nsdj Hkh f'k{kkFkhZ
ekè;fed ikB~;Øe esa ços'k ds fy, ;ksX; gks ldrk gSA
,slk O;fDr ftlus ekè;fed Lrj dh f'k{kk dj yh gS og Hkh vius ikB~; Øe dks iwjk djus ;k vius
vadksa esa vkSj lqèkkj djus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ds ekè;fed ikB~; Øe esa ços'k dj ldrk gSA
tUe frfFk dk oSèk çek.k D;k gS \
mÙkj% uxj fuxe uxj ikfydk fudk;] xzke iapk;r ;k jftLVªkj] tUe ,oa e`R;q] Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk
çkfèkÑr dksbZ vU; fudk; }kjk tkjh tUe frfFk çek.ki=k ,d oSèk çek.ki=k gSA ;|fi] vukFk] cs?kj
cPpksa vkfn ds ekeys esa ljdkjh vLirkyksa }kjk tkjh mudh vk;q lacaèkh fpfdRlk çek.ki=k dks Hkh
oSèk çek.k ds :i esa Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gSA
ços'k dh oSèkrk vofèk D;k gS\
mÙkj% ,d ckj fy;k x;k ços'k vxys 5 o"kks± rd oSèk jgrk gSA
D;k ,uvkbZvks,l 'kqYd esa fdlh çdkj dh NwVsa çnku djrk gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l ds fu;ekuqlkj efgykvksa rFkk v-tk-@v-t-tk-@HkwriwoZ lSfudksa rFkk fHkUu :i ls
v{ke f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks 'kqYd esa NwV çnku dh tkrh gSA
D;k dksbZ f'k{kkFkhZ lhèks mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øeksa esa ços'k dj ldrk gS \
mÙkj% th ughaA mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øe esa ços'k djus ds fy, f'k{kkFkhZ dks ,d ekU;rk cksMZ ls
ekè;fed ikB~;Øe esa ikl gksuk vfuok;Z gSA
mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øe esa ços'k ds fy, U;wure vk;q lhek D;k gS \
mÙkj% mPprj ekè;fed ikB~; Øe esa ços'k ds fy, U;wure vk;q lhek ços'k ds o"kZ dh 31 tqykbZ
dks 15 o"kZ gSA
,uvkbZvks,l esa i<+kbZ ds ekè;e ds :i esa dkSu lh Hkk"kk,¡ miyCèk gSa \
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l esa ekè;fed ikB~;Øe vaxzst h] fgUnh~] mnZw] ejkBh] rsyqxw] xqt jkrh] ey;kye
rFkk mfM+;k Hkk"kkvksa esa rFkk mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øe v¡xzst h] fgUnh] mnZw rFkk caxyk Hkk"kkvksa esa
miyCèk gSA
3
21.
ekè;fed ikB~;Øe (d{kk& X) ds fy, dkSu ls fo"k; miyCèk gSa \
mÙkj% vaxzsth] mnZw] laLÑr] caXyk] ejkBh] rsyqxq] xqtjkrh] dUuM+] iatkch] vlfe;k] usikyh]
ey;kye] mfM+;k] vjch] iQkjlh] rfey] xf.kr] foKku ,oa çkS|ksfxdh] lkekftd Kku] vFkZ'kkL=k]
O;olk; vè;;u] x`g foKku] euksfoKku] Hkkjrh; laLd`fr vkSj fojklr] fp=kdyk] MkWVk ,UVªh
dk;ZA
22.
mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øe (d{kk&XII) ds fy, dkSu ls fo"k; miyCèk gSa \
mÙkj% fgUnh] vaxzsth] ckaXyk] rfey] mnZw] laLÑr] xf.kr] HkkSfrdh] jlk;u foKku] tho foKku] bfrgkl]
Hkwxksy] jktuhfr vè;;u] vFkZ'kkÐ] O;olk; vè;;u] ys•kadu] x`g foKku] euksfoKku] tu lap kj]
MkWVk ,UVªh dk;ZA v|ru fLFkfr dh tkudkjh djus ds fy, v|ru 'kSf{kd foojf.kdk ns•saA
23.
D;k eSa vius ços'k dh oSèkrk vofèk ds nkSjku vius fo"k;ksa dks cny ldrk@ldrh gwa \
mÙkj% th gkaA vki vius ,d ;k vfèkd fo"k;ksa dks cny ldrs gSa c'krZs vkids fo"k;ksa dh oqQy
la[;k lkr ls vfèkd ugha gksuh pkfg,A rFkkfi] bl çdkj ds ifjorZu dh vuqefr vkids iathdj.k
ls pkj o"kZ ds Hkhrj gh gS] rkfd vki ços'k dh oSèkrk vofèk ds Hkhrj lkoZtfud ijh{kk esa cSB
ldsaA çFke ijh{kk esa fo"k;ksa esa fdlh çdkj ds ifjorZu@laoèkZu dh vuqefr ugha gSA mÙkh.kZ fd, tk
pqds fo"k;ksa esa ifjorZu ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
24.
d{kk&X dk mÙkh.kZ çek.ki=k djus ds fy, fdrus fo"k; visf{kr gSa \
mÙkj% ekè;fed Lrj ij mÙkh.kZ çek.ki=k izkIr djus ds fy,] f'k{kkFkhZ dks ,d ;k vfèkdre nks
Hkk"kkvksa ds lkFk vfèkdre ikap fo"k;ksa esa mÙkh.kZ gksuk vko';d gSA
25.
D;k eSa vfrfjDr fo"k;ksa esa Hkh ços'k ys ldrk gwa \
mÙkj% th gka] vki nks vfrfjDr fo"k; pqu ldrs gSaA bl çdkj] vki vfèkdre lkr fo"k; ys ldrs
gSaA
26.
iathdj.k vkSj ijh{kk ds fy, ços'k 'kqYd fdruk gS\
mÙkj% iathdj.k vkSj ijh{kk ds fy, uohure 'kqYd dh :ijs•k ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV vkSj
foojf.kdk esa miyCèk gSA
27.
D;k ,d f'k{kkFkhZ ,d vkSipkfjd cksMZ ls ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øe esa mÙkh.kZ
gksus ds i'pkr ,uvkbZvks,l ds ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øe esa ços'k izkIr dj
ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA ;fn vkius fdlh jk‘ªh;@jkT; cksMZ ls ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed ikB~; Øe dh f'k{kk
izkIr dh gS vkSj vki ,uvkbZvks,l esa leku ikB~;Øe esa ços'k izkIr djuk pkgrs gSa rks vkidks
,uvkbZvks,l esa pkj fo"k;ksa ds lkFk ços'k izkIr gks ldrk gSA bl ikB~;Øe dks iwjk djus ds i'pkr
vkidks dsoy vad rkfydk çnku dh tk,xhA nksgjh@vkaf'kd ços'k ;kstuk ds varxZr çek.ki=k tkjh
ugha fd;k tkrk gSA
28.
D;k 'kSf{kd ikB~;Øe esa f'k{kk izkIr dj jgk f'k{kkFkhZ O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe ds fo"k; pqu
ldrk gS\
mÙkj % th gka] bldh vuqefr gSA
29.
eq>s esjs ços'k dh iqf‘ fdl çdkj izkIr gksxh\
mÙkj% ,d fof'k‘ ikB~;Øe esa ços'k dh iqf‘ lkekU;r% ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk ,d igpku i=k tkjh djds
gksrh gS ftlesa ,uvkbZvks,l ds ikl miyCèk fjdkMks±a ds vkèkkj ij vkids ços'k lacaèkh fooj.k gksrs
gSaA ços'k dh iqf‘ ds ckn f'k{kkFkhZ dks mldh ukekadu la[;k ds ckjs esa Hkh lwfpr fd;k tkrk gSA
4
30.
eq>s Lo&vè;;u lkexzh dSls izkIr gksxh\
mÙkj% fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ds fy, fo'ks"k :i ls rS;kj dh xbZ eqfær Lo&vè;;u lkexzh vU; lgk;d
lkexzh lfgr Mkd }kjk vkids ?kj ds irs ij Hksth tkrh gSA vr% vki vius ?kj dk lgh vkSj iwjk
irk nsaA
31.
;fn eq>s bl lkexzh dk iklZy izkIr ugha gksrk gS rks eSa Lo;a fdl çdkj ;g vè;;u lkexzh
izkIr dj ldrk gwa\
mÙkj% ;fn vè;;u lkexzh dk iklZy vkids ikl ugha igqaprk gS rks vki vius vkokl ij vè;;u
lkexzh ds iqu% çs"k.k ds fy, mi funs'kd] lkexzh forj.k bdkbZ] lhMCY;wlh] th-Vh- djuky jksM]
jk.kk çrki ckx] fnYyh & 110033 dks #- 100@& (,d lkS :i, dsoy) dk fMekaM MªkWÝV Hkst
ldrs gSa vkSj ;g fMekaM MªkWÝV lfpo] ,uvkbZvks,l ds i{k esa vkSj fnYyh esa ns; gksxkA
32.
D;k ços'k fjdkMZ esa la'kksèku fd, tkus dk dksbZ çkoèkku gS\
mÙkj% th gka] ;fn ços'k ds le; fdlh fooj.k tSls uke] firk ds uke] ekrk ds uke] tUe frfFk]
irk ;k iQksVks vkfn lgh <ax ls ugha fy•s x, gSa rks f'k{kkFkhZ lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ esa lgk;d nLrkost
çLrqr djds la'kksèku ds fy, vuqjksèk dj ldrk gSA bl lacaèk esa fn'kkfunZs'k ,uvkbZvks,l dh
osclkbV ij fn;s x, gSaA
33.
D;k ,d f'k{kkFkhZ vius fo"k; esa ifjorZu dj ldrk gS ;k vfrfjDr fo"k; ys dj ldrk gS\
mÙkj% ços'k ds i'pkr f'k{kkFkhZ visf{kr 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku djds vius fo"k; cny ldrk gS ;k dksbZ
vfrfjDr fo"k; izkIr dj ldrk gSA
34.
D;k ,uvkbZvks,l igpku i=k dh nwljh çfr tkjh djrk gS\
mÙkj% th gka] igpku i=k •ks tkus dh fLFkfr esa] lacafèkr iqfyl LVs'ku esa bldh çFke lwpuk fjiksVZ
(,iQvkbZvkj) ntZ djkus ds i'pkr igpku i=k dh nwljh çfr tkjh dh tkrh gSA blds fy, f'k{kkFkhZ
dks ,d dkxt ij ,uvkbZvks,l ds lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ esa vkosnu djuk gksxk vkSj bl vkosnu ds
lkFk ,iQvkbZvkj dh çfr] visf{kr 'kqYoaQ dk cSad MªkÝV vkSj nks iQksVks layXu djus gksaxsA bl ckjs esa
foLr`r fn'kk&funZs'k ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV ij ns•s tk ldrs gSaA
35.
D;k f'k{kkFkhZ dksbZ Hkh fo"k; la;kstu pqu ldrk gS\
mÙkj% f'k{kkFkhZ mÙkh.kZ gksus dk ekunaM vkSj çek.ku ekunaM ds lkFk&lkFk vkxs dh f'k{kk ds fy, vU;
cksMks±@fo'ofo|ky;ksa dh vko';drkvksa dks Hkh è;ku esa j•rs gq, ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV vkSj
foojf.kdk ij nh xbZ lwph ls viuh ilan ds fo"k; pqu ldrk@ldrh gSA
36.
D;k f'k{kkFkhZ ekè;fed vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ij 'kSf{kd ikB~;Øeksa ds lkFk O;kolkf;d
fo"k; ys ldrk gS\
mÙkj%th gk¡A ,uvkbZvks,l ds ikB~;Øeksa dks vkSj vfèkd lkFkZd cukus ds fy, ekè;fed vkSj mPprj
ekè;fed Lrjksa ij O;kolkf;d ikB~; Øe Lora=k :i ls ;k 'kSf{kd fo"k;ksa ds lkFk pyk, tkrs gSaA
37.
D;k Hkkjr ljdkj ds tu lsok dsaæ ,uvkbZvks,l ds lgk;rk dsaæksa ds :i eas dk;Z djus ds
fy, çkfèkÑr gSa\
mÙkj% th gk¡A ,uvkbZvks,l us lh,llh bZ&xouZsal bafM;k Kkiu lwp uk vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky;] Hkkjr
ljdkj ds lkFk le>kSrk Kkiu ij gLrk{kj fd, gSaA bl ,evks;w ds varxZr ns'k Hkj ds lHkh tu lsok
dsaæ ,uvkbZvks,l ds lgk;rk dsaæksa ds :i esa ogk¡ dk;Z djsaxs tgka dksbZ Hkh Hkkoh f'k{kkFkhZ fuèkZkfjr
njksa ij ,uvkbZvks,l dh fofHkUu vkWuykbu lqfoèkk,a ys jgs gSaA ;s njsa iqfLrdk ds i`’ 15 ls 16 ij
fn, x, gSaA f'k{kkFkhZ dks bu njksa ds vuqlkj jkf'k dk Hkqxrku djuk gksxk vkSj ;g jkf'k ,uvkbZvks,l
ds iathdj.k 'kqYd ds vfrfjDr gksxhA
5
38.
fofHkUu jkT;ksa esa tu lsok dsaæ fdu ukeksa ls tkus tkrs gSa\
mÙkj% fooj.k fuEu çdkj ls gS%&
Ø-lajkT;
lh,llh uke
1vkaèkz çns'k
jktho ukxfjd lsok dsaæ
2vaMeku ,oa fudksckj
bZ }hi
3v:.kkpy çns'k
lh,llh
4vle
v#.kksn; dsaæ
5fcgkj
olqèkk
6paMhx<+
xzke laidZ dsaæ
7NÙkhlx<+
xzkeh.k p;u dsaæ
8fnYyh.k
thou dsaæ
9xksok
yksd lsok dsaæ
10xqtjkr
bZ&xzke
11gfj;k.kk
bZ&fn'kk
12fgekpy çns'k
yksd fe=k dsaæ
13tEew ,oa d'ehj
f•ner dsaæ
14
mÙkjk•aM
çKk dsaæ
15duZkVd
usEekdnh dsaæ
16dsjy
v{k;k dsaæ
17y{k}hi
vkJ;
18eè; çns'k
ukxfjd lqfoèkk dsaæ
19egkjkԻ
egk bZ lsok dsaæ
20ef.kiqj
tu lsok dsaæ
21es?kky;
jsucks dsaæ
22fetksje
fetksje vkWu ykbu dsaæ (ekWd)
23ukxkySaM
ukxkySaM ,d] tu lsok dsaæ
24vksfM'kk
tu lsok dsaæ
25iqMqpsjh
lh,llh
26iatkc
xzke lqfoèkk
27jktLFkku
bZ&fe=k
28flfDde
dksbZ uke ugha
29rfeyukMq
tu oaQI;wVj dsaæ
30f=kiqjk
bZ&ifjlsok dsaæ
31mÙkj çns'k
tu lsok dsaæ
32mÙkjk•aM
bZ&mÙkj
33if'pe caxky
rF; fe=k dsaæ
6
,uvkbZvks,l f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks vkWuykbu lsokvksa dh lqfoèkk çnku djus ds fy, tu lsok dsUæksa (lh,llh) dh njsa@çHkkj
(d)
f'k{kkFkhZ ços'k iQkWeZ tek djus dk
Ø-la-
lsok dk uke
lsokvksa dh izdf` r
jkf'k #- eas
1
vkosnu iQkWeZ MkmuyksM] iathdj.k vkSj vkWuykbu iQkWeZ HkjukA
vko';d
10
2
iQkWeZ tek djuk ,oa iathdj.k çkfIr vkSj irk iphZ dh iqf‘ dk fçaV 5@& izfr ist ysuk
vko';d
15
3
iQkeZ tek djus ds fy, okLrfod ewY;
vko';d
25
4
lsok ekftZu
I
vkWuykbu iQkeZ tek ds fy, oqQy ewY; dsoy (laxzg 'kqYd 'kkfey ugha gS)
vko';d
33
5
dkslZ dh iQhl ds Hkqxrku ds fy, xsVos izHkkj*
oSdfYid
10
6
iQksVks yxkuk vkSj gLrk{kj LdSu djuk 5@& #- izfr dkWih iQksVks ,oa 2@& #i;s izfr LdSu
oSdfYid
7
7
vkWuykbu tek djus ds fy, okLrfod ewY;
oSdfYid
42
8
lsok ekftZu
oSdfYid
13
II
vkWuykbu tek djus ds fy, oqQy ewY; (laxzg 'kqYd lfgr)
oSdfYid
55
9
lgk;d nLrkostksa dh iQksVksdkWih ( 4 ist) #- 1@& izfr i`"B dh nj ij
oSdfYid
4
10
vkWi+Qykbu tek djus ds fy, okLrfod ewY;
oSdfYid
39
11
lsok ekftZu
oSdfYid
11.7
12
fyiQkiQk vkSj Mkd çHkkj**
oSdfYid
20
III
vkWiQykbu tek djus ds fy, oqQy ewY; ('kqYd ysuk vkSj iathdj.k iQkWeZ çsf"kr djuk 'kkfey gS)
oSdfYid
71
8
7
(B)
ijh{kk iQkWeZ tek djus ds fy, lh,llh dh njsa f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ls yh tk,¡
Ø-l-
lsok
lsokvksa dh izdf` r
jkf'k #- eas
1
vkosnu ijh{kk iQkWeZ MkmuyksM] iathdj.k vkSj vkWuykbu iQkWeZ HkjukA
vko';d
5
2
ikorh jlhn dh NikbZ
vko';d
5
lsok ekftZu
3
I
dsoy ijh{kk ds fy, ikorh jlhn tek djus vkSj eqæ.k ds fy, oqQy ewY;
vko';d
13
3
ijh{kk 'kqYd ds Hkqxrku ds fy, xsVos çHkkj*
oSdfYid
10
4
ikorh jlhn dh NikbZ #- 5@& izfr ist
oSdfYid
5
5
MkmuyksM@ijh{kk ds ços'k i=k dk eqæ.k #- 5@& izfr ist
oSdfYid
5
ijh{kk iQkeZ tek djus dk okLrfod ewY;
30
lsok ekftZu
II
oSdfYid
ijh{kk iQkeZ dks vkWuykbu çLrqr djus ds fy, f'k{kkFkhZ ds fy, oqQy ewY;
* f'k{kkFkhZ
okLrfod ikB~;Øe 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku lh,llh vkWijsVj dks djsxk
** f'k{kkFkhZ okLrfod Mkd •pZ dk Hkqxrku djsxk
8
9
39
(C)
ijh{kk dh ?kks"k.kk vkSj vadlwph ds eqæ.k ds fy, lh,llh dh njsa f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ls yh tk,¡
lsok dk uke
lsokvksa dh çÑfr
Øe la
jkf'k #- esa
1
vadrkfydk dks MkmuyksM djuk
oSdfYid
5
2
vadrkfydk dk eqæ.k #- 5@& izfr ist
oSdfYid
5
ifj.kke dh ?kks"k.kk ds fy, okLrfod ewY;
10
lsok ekftZu
3
ifj.kkeksa ds fy, f'k{kkFkhZ ds fy, oqQy ewY;
13
(D)
,uvkbZvks,l lacaèkh lsokvksa ds fy, f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ls fy, tkus okys lh,llh dh vU; njsAa
Ø-la-
lsok dk uke
lsokvksa dh çÑfr
jkf'k #- esa
1
fdlh Hkh çdkj dh fLFkfr dh iwNrkN@vkosnu dh fLFkfr ds fy,
oSdfYid
5
2
fMftVy iQksVksxzk iQh vkSj ikliksVZ vkdkj dk iQksVks dk eqæ.k
oSdfYid
10
3
f'k{kkFkhZ igpku i=k dh dyj iQksVksdkih #- 10@& izf r ist
oSdfYid
10
4
f'k{kkFkhZ igpku i=k dk ysfeus'ku #- 10@& izfr ist
oSdfYid
10
5
fdlh Hkh dkys vkSj lisQn eqæ.k ds fy, #- 5@& izfr ist
oSdfYid
5
6
fdlh Hkh jaxhu eqæ.k ds fy, #- 10@& izfr ist
oSdfYid
10
9
vè;k; & 3
'kSf{kd lgk;rk
39.
40.
ØsfMV LFkkukarj.k (Vhvkslh) D;k gS\
mÙkj% fdlh vU; ekU; cksMZ ds ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ds iwoZ&f'k{kkFkhZ] tks de ls de ,d
fo"k; esa mÙkh.kZ gksa] fdUrq~ ikB~; Øe iwjk ugha dj ik;s gksa] og ,uvkbZvks,l esa lacafèkr ikB~;Øe esa ços'k
izkIr dj ldrs gSa vkSj ØsfMV LFkkukarj.k (Vhvkslh) dh lqfoèkk izkIr dj ldrs gSa ftlds varxZr ewy
cksMZ ls mÙkh.kZ fd, x, fdUgha nks fo"k;ksa ds vad çek.ki=k ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l esa LFkkukarfjr fd, tk
ldrs gSaA
Vhvkslh ds fy, vkosnu dc fd;k tkrk gS\
mÙkj% f'k{kkFkhZ ços'k ds le; mu fo"k;ksa esa ØsfMV LFkkukarj.k (Vhvkslh) ekax ldrk gS tks ,uvkbZvks,l
dh vè;;u ;kst uk esa 'kkfey gSaA ços'k iQkWeZ ds lkFk fiNys cksMZ dh ewy vad rkfydk tek djuh gksxhA
41.
D;k fdlh vU; cksMZ@,uvkbZvks,l ls igys gh mÙkhs.kZ fd, tk pqds fo"k;ksa ds fy,
,uvkbZvks,l ds ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øeksa esa ØsfMV LFkkukarj.k (Vhvkslh) dh
vuqefr nh tk,xh\
mÙkj% th gkaA ,uvkbZvks,l vius f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks vfèkdre 4 fo"k;ksa esa rFkk vU; cksMZ ds f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks
vfèkdre 2 fo"k;ksa esa ØsfMV LFkkukarj.k (Vhvkslh) dh lqfoèkk miyCèk djrk gS] ;fn bUgsa fiNys 05 o"kks±
esa mÙkh.kZ fd;k x;k gS c'krZs ;s fo"k; ,uvkbZvks,l dh vè;;u ;kst uk esa Hkh miyCèk gksaA
42.
,uvkbZvks,l esa vuqn s'kkukRed çfØ;k D;k gS\
mÙkj% vuqns'kkukRed çfØ;k esa Lo&vè;;u eqfær lkexzh dk ç;ksx] J`O; ,oa n`'; dk;ZØeksa dks lquuk
,oa ns•uk] vè;;u dsUæksa esa O;fDrxr laidZ dk;ZØeksa esa 'kkfey gksuk] bZ&jsfM;ks eqDr fo|k ok.kh ds
ekè;e ls vkilh laidZ vkSj f'k{kd vafdr ewY;kadu dk;Z 'kkfey gSaA
43.
,uvkbZvks,l esa f'k{kkFkhZ fdl çdkj f'k{kk izkIr djrs gSa\
mÙkj % ,uvkbZvks,l esa f'k{kkFkhZ viuh xfr vkSj lqfoèkk ds vkèkkj ij f'k{kk xzg.k djrs gSAa
,uvkbZvks,l ds f'k{kkFkhZ Lo;a i<+us okys f'k{kkFkhZ gSaA
44.
f'k{kkFkhZ dks fdrus lEidZ l=k izkIr gksrs gSa\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l ds fu;ekuqlkj ,vkbZ (vè;;u dsUæksa) }kjk ços'k ds çFke o"kZ esa lkekU;r%
lIrkgkarksa vkSj vodk'k ds fnuksa esa fl¼kar ds fy, çfr fo"k; vfèkdre 30 ihlhih rFkk ç;ksx okys
fo"k;ksa ds fy, 5 vfrfjDr ç;ksxkRed l=kksa dk vk;kstu çR;{k vkèkkj ij fd;k tkrk gSA
45.
vuqf'k{kd vafdr ewY;kadu dk;Z (Vh,e,) D;k gS\
mÙkj% vuqf'k{kd vafdr ewY;kadu dk;Z f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dh lgk;rk djus ds fy, gS D;ksafd ;s mUgha ç'uksa
ds mÙkj fy•us dk vH;kl djkrs gSa vkSj mUgsa bu ij iQhMcSd Hkh izkIr gksrk gSA
46.
f'k{kkFkhZ ds fy, Vh,e, fdl çdkj lgk;d gS\
mÙkj% Vh,e, ls f'k{kkFkhZ dks viuh çxfr lqfuf'pr djus vkSj viuh i<+kbZ ds iqujh{k.k esa enn
feyrh gSA
çR;sd fo"k; esa fdrus ewY;kadu dk;Z tek djus gksrs gSa\
mÙkj% vçSy@ebZ ds nkSjku gksus okyh ijh{kkvksa ds fy, 31 tuojh ls igys rFkk vDVwcj@uoacj ds nkSjku
gksus okyh ijh{kkvksa ds fy, 30 tqykbZ ls igys çfr fo"k; ,d ewY;kadu dk;Z tek djkuk gksrk gSA
47.
10
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
D;k ,uvkbZvks,l ds lHkh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks Vh,e, tek djkuk gksrk gSA
mÙkj% th ugha] Vh,e, dh O;oLFkk dsoy ,uvkbZvks,l ços'k ds LVªhe&1 ds varxZr ços'k izkIr djus
okys f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ij gh ykxw gSA ;g LVªhe&II, III rFkk IV ds varxZr ços'k çkIr djus okys f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa
ij ykxw ugha gSA
D;k ,d f'k{kkFkhZ ftldh vafre ijh{kk dk ifj.kke mls ,d O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe esa ços'k izkIr
djus ds fy, ik=k cukrk gS] og mldh çfr;ksxh ijh{kk esa Hkkx ys ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th gka] f'k{kkFkhZ ,uvkbZvks,l dh ijh{kk esa Hkkx ysus ds ifj.kke dh çR;k'kk esa O;kolkf;d
ikB~;Øe dh ços'k ijh{kk esa Hkkx ys ldrk gSA
D;k Vh,e, djuk vfuok;Z gS\
mÙkj% Vh,e, dk ewY;kadu ^lrr vkSj o`gr ewY;kadu* dk ,d egRoiw.kZ Hkkx gS] blfy, ,d 'kSf{kd
vH;kl ds :i esa bls ^vfuok;Z* ekuk tkuk pkfg,A rFkkfi] f'k{kkFkhZ dks lkoZtfud ijh{kk esa cSBus dh
vuqefr çnku dh tkrh gS pkgs mlus vius fo"k; esa Vh,e, tek ugha djk, gSaA f'k{kkFkhZ dks vkarfjd
ewY;kadu ds ^Vh,e,* Hkkx ds fy, ^'kwU;* vad çnku fd, tk,axsA
D;k eSa viuk vè;;u dsUæ@,vkbZ cny ldrk gwa\
mÙkj% f'k{kkFkhZ dks vius vè;;u dsUæ@,vkbZ dk p;u vR;ar è;kuiwoZd djuk pkfg,A ;fn f'k{kkFkhZ
vius vè;;u dsUæ esa ifjorZu djuk pkgrk gS rks og blds fy, oSèk dkj.k nsrs gq, vius vuqjksèk ds
i{k esa mfpr nLrkost çLrqr djds vkosnu dj ldrk gS vkSj blds fy, mls lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ esa
fMekaM MªkÝV ds :i esa 300@& dk 'kqYd tek djkuk gksxk tks lfpo] ,uvkbZvks,l ds i{k esa vkSj
lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ esa ns; gksA ekeys ij fu.kZ; ysus ds fy, funs'kd (fo-l-ls) l{ke çkfèkdkjh gksxa sA
O;fDrxr laidZ dk;ZØe (ihlhih) D;k gS\
mÙkj% ihlhih i<+kbZ ds fy, ,d lqO;ofLFkr funkukRed l=k gS tks f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks mudh i<+kbZ ds nkSjku
fo"k; lacaèkh leL;kvksa ds lekèkku esa lgk;rk djrk gSA
ihlhih dk D;k egRo gS\
mÙkj% ihlhih f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vR;aar egRoiw.kZ gS] D;ksafd ;g mudh i<+kbZ esa viuh dfBukb;ksa ds
lekèkku dk volj nsrk gSA f'k{kkFkhZ fe=k lewg esa feydj viuk vuqHko ckaV ldrs gSaA
ihlhih fdu ds fy, gS\
mÙkj% ihlhih ,uvkbZvks,l ds LVªhe&1 ds varxZr ços'k ysus okys f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa ds fy, gSA
fdrus ihlhih esa Hkkx ysuk vfuok;Z gS\
mÙkj% 30 ihlhih esa ls 10 esa Hkkx ysuk vfuok;Z gS pwafd ihlhih ds nkSjku fofHkUu xfrfofèk;k¡ vk;ksftr
dh tkrh gSa vkSj mudh tkap dh tkrh gSaA vr% f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks lykg nh tkrh gS fd os lHkh ihlhih l=kksa
esa Hkkx ysaA
ihlhih l=kksa dh vofèk fdruh gksxh\
mÙkj% ihlhih l=kksa dh vofèk 40 feuV çfr l=k gksxhA
;fn f'k{kkFkhZ U;wure ihlhih esa Hkkx ugha ysrk gS rks D;k mls ijh{kk esa cSBus dh vuqefr nh
tk,xhA
mÙkj% th gkWaA
ihlhih dh le; lkj.kh dkSu rS;kj djsxk\
mÙkj% lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsaæ@,vkbZ le; lkj.kh rS; kj djsaxs vkSj tSlk Hkh ekeyk gksxk lacafèkr f'k{kkfFkZ; ks]a
{ks=kh; dsaæ vkSj f'k{kkFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,a foHkkx dks lwfpr djsaxsA
ihlhih dgkWa vk;ksftr fd, tk,axs\
mÙkj% ihlhih l=k lacaèkh vè;;u dsaæksa esa vk;ksftr fd, tk,axsA
vuqf'k{kdksa dh vko';d ;ksX;rk D;k gS\
mÙkj% ekè;fed Lrj ds fy, çf'kf{kr Lukrd f'k{kd vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ds fy, LukÙkdksrj
f'k{kdA
11
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
;fn f'k{kkFkhZ us Vh,e, tek djk;k gS] ijarq og lkoZtfud ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ ugha gks ik;k vkSj
ijh{kk esa iqu% cSB jgk gS rks D;k mls Vh,e, iqu% tek djkuk gksxk\
mÙkj% Vh,e, iqu% tek djkus dh dksbZ vko';drk ugha gSA Vh,e, ds vad vxys ifj.kke esa tksMs+ tk,axAs
;fn f'k{kkFkhZ lkoZtfud ijh{kk esa oqQN fo"k;ksa esa vuqÙkh.kZ gks tkrk gS vkSj ml fo"k; fo'ks"k ds
fy, tc pkgs rc ijh{kk (vksM~l) pqurk gS rks D;k Vh,e, ds mlds vad tksM+s tk,axs \
mÙkj% th gk¡A
f'k{kkFkhZ Vh,e, dgk¡ tek djk,a \
mÙkj% f'k{kkFkhZ viuh Vh,e, fuEulfyf•r LFkkuksa ij tek dj ldrk gS f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds }kjk lHkh Vh,e,
vkcafVr vè;;u dsaæksa ij tek fd, tk,axsA ;fn vè;;u dsaæ dk;Z ugha dj jgk gS rks Vh,e, lacfa èkr
{ks=kh; dsaæ ij tek fd, tk,axs vkSj ogk¡ {ks=kh; dsaæ }kjk gh mudk ewY;kadu djk;k tk,xkA ;fn fdUgha
dkj.kksa ls dksbZ vè;;u dsaæ can gS rks Vh,e, u, vkcafVr vè;;u dsaæ esa tek fd, tk,axs mlh vè;;u
dsaæ esa Vh,e, dk ewY;kadu Hkh fd;k tk,xkA
;fn f'k{kkFkhZ ijh{kk ls igys Vh,e, tek ugha djrk gS rks D;k mls ijh{kk esa cSBus dh vuqefr
gksxh \
mÙkj% th gk¡A f'k{kkFkhZ dks ijh{kk esa cSBus dh vuqefr gksxhA ;|fi blls f'k{kkFkhZ leat L; fLFkfr esa gks
tk,xkA vr% ;g lykg nh tkrh gS fd os Vh,e, tek djsaA
;fn dksbZ f'k{kkFkhZ Vh,e, esa mÙkh.kZ vad izkIr ugha djrk gS rks mldk D;k ifj.kke gksxk \
mÙkj% ifj.kke lkoZtfud ijh{kk esa izkIr vadksa ds vkèkkj ij ?kksf"kr fd;k tk,xkA vyx ls mÙkh.kZ vad
Vh,e, esa vfuok;Z ugha gSA
D;k ijh{kk esa leku pØ esa Vh,e, iqu% tek djkuk laHko gS vFkok ugha\
mÙkj% th ughaA
D;k Vh,e, dh fVIif.k;ka vkSj vad f'k{kkFkhZ dks n'kZk;s tk ldrsa gSa \
mÙkj% th gk¡A Vh,e, dh tkaph xbZ mÙkj iqfLrdk f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks n'kZk;h tk ldrh gSA vuqf'k{kd muds
fu"iknu esa lqèkkj ds ckjs esa fopkj&foe'kZ Hkh dj ldrk gSA blds fy, ihlhih l=kksa ds nkSjku 5 fnu
fu/kZfjr fd, x, gSaA
D;k f'k{kkFkhZ Vh,e, ds iquZewY;kadu ds fy, vkosnu dj ldrk gS \
mÙkj% th ughaA
Vh,e, esa ,d ckj fn, x, vad vafre gksrs gSa vFkok ugha \
mÙkj% ,vkbZ }kjk çnku fd;k MkVk vafre MkVk ds :i esa Lohdk;Z fd;k tkrk gS vkSj le;kUrj esa blesa
ifjorZu ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
;fn ,d f'k{kkFkhZ us fdlh fo"k; fo'ks"k ds ckn Vh,e, tek djk;k gS ijarq og fl¼kar
(fyf[kr) ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ ugha dj ik;k rks vafre ifj.kke D;k gksxk\
mÙkj% ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gksus ds fy, fl¼kar ijh{kk esa vyx ls mÙkh.kZ vad izkIr djuk vfuok;Z gSA bl
ekeys esa f'k{kkFkhZ dks lkoZtfud ijh{kk esa vuqÙkh.kZ ?kksf"kr fd;k tk,xkA
;fn f'k{kkFkhZ lkoZtfud ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gks tkrk gS] ijarq Vh,e, esa isQy gks tkrk gS rks D;k
mldk ifj.kke ?kksf"kr fd;k tk,xk vFkok ugha \
mÙkj% Vh,e esa mÙkh.kZ gksus ds fy, dksbZ U;wure vad ugha gS fiQj Hkh f'k{kkFkhZ dks cká ijh{kk esa de ls
de 33» vad vkSj lesfdr ifj.kke esa 33» vad izkIr djus gksaxsA v|ru tkudkjh ,uvkbZvks,l dh
osclkbV ls ns•h tk ldrh gSA
D;k f'k{kkFkhZ dks mlds Vh,e, cukus ds fy, ihlhih ds nkSjku ekxZn'kZu çnku djus ds fy, dksbZ
çkoèkku gS\
mÙkj% f'k{kkFkhZ ihlhih ds nkSjku Vh,e, ds mÙkj nsus ds fy, vuqf'k{kdksa ls ekxZn'kZu ys ldrk gSA
12
vè;k; & 4
ewY;kadu ,oa izek.ku
73.
,uvkbZvks,l dh ijh{kk dk Lo:i D;k gS\
mÙkj% lkoZt fud ijh{kkvksa dk vk;kst u ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk fuèkZkfjr frfFk;ksa esa vçSy&ebZ vkSj
vDVwcj&uoacj ds eghuksa esa o"kZ esa nks ckj fd;k tkrk gSA rFkkfi] ;fn dksbZ f'k{kkFkhZ ekè;fed ;k
mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ds fy, igys ls ,uvkbZvks,l dk iathÑr f'k{kkFkhZ gS rks og tc pkgks rc
ijh{kk (vkWu&fMekaM ijh{kk) dh lqfoèkk izkIr dj ldrk gSA vkarfjd vkadyu] ewY;kadu dk ,d
vfHkUu vax gSA lacfèakr fo"k;ksa esa çk;ksfxd ijh{kk,a vè;;u dsUæ esa vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSaA
74.
D;k ijh{kk 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku çR;sd ijh{kk ls igys fd;k tkrk gS\
mÙkj% th gka] ,uvkbZvks,l dh ijh{kk esa cSBus ds fy, f'k{kkFkhZ dks vkWuykbu ijh{kk iQkWeZ Hkjuk gksrk
gS vkSj mls ijh{kk 'kqYd dk Hkh Hkqxrku djuk gksrk gSA
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
D;k ijh{kk 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku vkWuykbu fd;k tk ldrk gS\
mÙkj% MsfcV dkMZ rFkk ØsfMV dkMZ ds ekè;e ls ijh{kk 'kqYd~ dk Hkqxrku vkWuykbu fd;k tk ldrk
gSA
ijh{kk 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku vkWiQykbu fdl çdkj fd;k tk ldrk gS\
mÙkj% ijh{kk 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku vkWiQykbu Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj blds fy, 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku
cSad MªkÝV ds ekè;e ls fd;k tkrk gS tks ^*lfpo] ,uvkbZvks,l** ds uke ij cuk;k tk,xk vkSj
lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ ij ns; gksxkA
D;k ijh{kk ds fy, foyac 'kqYd ds Hkqxrku ds fy, dksbZ çkoèkku gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA fuèkZkfjr frfFk;ksa ds i'pkr fu;eksa ds vuql kj f'k{kkFkhZ foyac 'kqYd vFkok lesfdr
foyac 'kqYd ds lkFk ijh{kk 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku dj ldrk gSA ;g Hkqxrku cSad MªkÝV ds ekè;e ls
fy;k tk,xk tks ^*lfpo] ,uvkbZvks,l** ds i{k esa vkSj lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ ij ns; gksxkA lesfdr
'kqYd ds lkFk vkosnu dsoy lacfèakr {ks=kh; dsaæ esa Hkh fy;k tk ldrk gS u fd ,vkbZ esaA
,d f'k{kkFkhZ dks ijh{kk dh frfFk lacaèkh tkudkjh fdl çdkj izkIr gksxh\
mÙkj% ijh{kk dh frfFk lacaèkh tkudkjh ijh{kk vkjaHk gksus ls yxHkx ,d ekg iwoZ osclkbV ij miyCèk
djk nh tkrh gSA ijh{kk ;kstuk dks ,vkbZ ds lwpuk cksMks± ij Hkh n'kZk;k tkrk gSA
D;k ,d f'k{kkFkhZ ftls fiNys o"kZ ekè;fed ikB~;Øe dk çek.ki=k izkIr gqvk gS og bl o"kZ
mPprj ekè;fed ijh{kk esa cSB ldrk gSA
mÙkj% th gk¡A f'k{kkFkhZ dks vfèkdre 04 fo"k;ksa dh ijh{kk esa cSBus dh vuqefr nh tk,xh vkSj
çek.ki=k izkIr djus gsrq vko';d 5osa fo"k; esa iathdj.k djkus ds ;ksX; gksus ds fy, ekè;fed
ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ djus ds ckn nks o"kZ dk varj gksuk vfuok;Z gS f'k{kkFkhZ çFke o"kZ ds nkSjku vfèkdre
04 fo"k;ksa esa ijh{kk ns ldrk gSA
;fn ,vkbZ can gks tkrk gS rks ijh{kk 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku fdl çdkj fd;k tk,xk\
mÙkj% ;fn ,vkbZ can@fuf"Ø; gks x;k gS rks ml {ks=k ds lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ esa fuèkZkfjr iQkeZ ds
ekè;e ls 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku fd;k tk,xkA
çk;ksfxd ijh{kk,a dgka vk;ksftr gksrh gSa \
mÙkj% lkoZtfud ijh{kk ds fy, ç;ksx ijh{kk,a lacafèkr ,vkbZ esa vk;ksftr gksrh gSa tgka f'k{kkFkhZ us
ukekadu djk;k gSA oqQN ekeyksa esa] ;fn f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dh la[;k de gS rks çk;ksfxd ijh{kk ,uvkbZvks,l
ds lehiorhZ ,vkbZ ;k ,uvkbZvks,l ds fu.kZ; ds vuqlkj fdlh vU; laLFkku esa vk;ksftr fd;k tk
ldrk gSA
13
82.
83.
84.
fl¼kar ijh{kk ds fy, ijh{kk dsUæ dgka fuèkZkfjr gksxk\
mÙkj% f'k{kkFkhZ }kjk lS¼kafrd ijh{kk ds fy, iathÑr fd, tkus vkSj ijh{kk iQkWeZ o 'kqYd tek djkus
ds i'pkr fl¼kar ijh{kk ds fy, Ldwy dh miyCèkrk ds vuqlkj muds vè;;u dsUæ ds lehiorhZ
{ks=k esa ijh{kk dsUæ vkcafVr fd;k tkrk gSA
D;k ijh{kk dsUæ cnyk tk ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th gka] ,uvkbZvks,l ds fu;eksa vkSj fn'kkfunZs'kksa ds vuqlkj ijh{kk dsUæ cnyk tk ldrk gSA
D;k ijh{kk ds nkSjku fHkUu :i ls v{ke O;fDr;ksa dks fdlh çdkj dh NwV çnku dh tkrh gSa\
mÙkj% ijh{kk ds nkSjku fHkUu :i ls v{ke O;fDr;ksa dks fuEuufyf•r NwVsa çnku dh tkrh gSa%
✦ ,d ys•d dk çkoèkkuA
✦ us=kghu] fHkUu :i ls v{ke ;k eancqf¼ f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks vfèkdre ,d ?kaVs dk
vfrfjDr le; fn;k tkrk gSA
✦ vpkud chekj gq,@nq?kZV ukxzLr f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa ds fy, fj;k;rA
✦ cSBus ds fy, vyx ls O;oLFkkA
✦ pyus fiQjus esa@vfLFk jksx ls xzLr] ns•us o lquus fu'kDr f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks fu'kDrrk&okj
fj;k;rsaA
✦ cgqy fu'kDrerk@efLr"d i{kk?kkr] ekufld :i ls ean rFkk oqQ’jksx mipkfjr
O;fDr;ksa dks fj;k;rA
✦
85.
86.
;g fj;k;rsa dsoy lS¼kafrd ijh{kk ds fy, miyCèk gSa] çk;ksfxd ijh{kk ds fy, ughaA
,d fHkUu :i ls v{ke O;fDr ijh{kk esa NwV ds fy, fdl çdkj vkosnu dj ldrk gS\
mÙkj% fHkUu :i ls v{ke O;fDr lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ esa fyf•r :i ls vkosnu dj ldrk gS vkSj bl
vkosnu ds lkFk mls ljdkjh vLirky ls tkjh fu'kDrrk dh çÑfr vkSj Lrj dks n'kZkus okyk çek.ki=k
Hkh çLrqr djuk gksxkA
D;k fHkUu :i ls v{ke O;fDr;ksa dks vfrfjDr le; çnku fd;k tkrk gS\ ;fn gka] rks
fdruk le;\
mÙkj% th gka] fu;eksa ds vuqlkj us=kghu vkSj fHkUu :i ls v{ke O;fDr;ksa dks vfrfjDr le; fn;k
tkrk gSA çfr ?kaVs 20 feuV dk vfrfjDr le; çnku fd;k tkrk gSA
87.
88.
,slh fLFkfr esa D;k gksrk gS tc ,d f'k{kkFkhZ vkcafVr ijh{kk dsUæ ds vfrfjDr fdlh vU;
dsUæ esa ijh{kk nsrk gS\
mÙkj% f'k{kkFkhZ dks dsoy vkcafVr ijh{kk dsUæ esa gh cSBus dh vuqefr çnku dh tkrh gSA ;fn f'k{kkFkhZ
ijh{kk ds fy, fdlh vU; dsUæ esa tkrk gS rks mldk ijh{kk ifj.kke ?kksf"kr ugha fd;k tkrk gS vkSj
,sls ekeys dks vuqfpr lkèkuksa ds ç;ksx dk ekeyk ekuk tkrk gSA
f'k{kkFkhZ dks ijh{kk ifj.kkeksa dk irk fdl çdkj pyrk gS\
mÙkj% ijh{kk ifj.kke ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV vkSj ,vkbZ ij miyCèk djk;s tkrs gSaA çR;k;u
ekunaMksa ds vuqlkj ikB~;Øe liQyrkiwoZd iwjk djus ds i'pkjr f'k{kkFkhZ dks vad rkfydk]
LFkkukUrj.k çek.ki=k rFkk vfUre çek.ki=k lhèks mlds mlh irs ij Hkstk tkrk gS tks mlus vius
vkosnu iQkWeZ esa fn;k gSA
89.
;fn f'k{kkFkhZ ,d ;k nks fo"k;ksa esa vuqÙkh.kZ gks tkrk gS rks D;k mls iqu% gj fo"k; dh
ijh{kk nsuh gksxh \
mÙkj% th ugha] f'k{kkFkhZ dks dsoy mlh fo"k; dks mÙkh.kZ djuk gksrk gS ftlesa og vuqÙkh.kZ gqvk gSA
14
90.
mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ij] ;fn ,d f'k{kkFkhZ lS¼kafrd ijh{kk esa vuqÙkh.kZ gks tkrk gS fdUrq
çk;ksfxd ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gksrk gS rks D;k mls nksckjk çk;ksfxd ijh{kk nsuh gksxh\
mÙkj% th ughaA ;fn f'k{kkFkhZ çk;ksfxd ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gks tkrk gS fdUrq ml fo"k; ds fl¼kar Hkkx esa
vuqÙkh.kZ jgrk gS rks mldh çk;ksfxd ijh{kk ds vad ;Fkkor jgsaxs vkSj mls fl¼kar dh ijh{kk iqu% nsuh
gksxhA
91.
D;k fdlh fo"k; esa vius vadksa esa lqèkkj fd;k tk ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th gka] lkoZt fud ijh{kkvksa esa dsoy ,d ckj vkSj tc pkgks rc ijh{kk esa vius iathdj.k dh
oSèk vofèk ds nkSjku ftruh ckj pkgs vadksa esa lqèkkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA
92.
f'k{kkFkhZ dks vius ifj.kke nLrkost+ vad rkfydk@çek.ki=k vkfn fdl çdkj izkIr gksrs gSa\
mÙkj% lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ }kjk f'k{kkFkhZ ds i=kkpkj irs ij vadrkfydk vkSj vU; nLrkost+ Hksts tkrs
gSaA
93.
,uvkbZvks,l }kjk tkjh çek.ki=k dh fo'oluh;rk D;k gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l lfgr lHkh cksMZ] pkgs os jk‘ªh; vFkok jkT; cksMZ gksa] lHkh ,ulhbZvkjVh }kjk rS; kj
jk‘ªh; ikB~;p;Zk ÚseodZ dk vuqlj.k dj jgs gSaA vr% ,uvkbZvks,l Lo&tkjh çek.ki=kksa dh Lohdk;Zrk
Ldwy f'k{kk ds vU; cksMks± }kjk tkjh çek.ki=kksa ds leku gSA ,uvkbZvks,l ds ekè;fed vkSj mPprj
ekè;fed çek.ki=kksa ds led{k gSA
94.
vadrkfydk@çek.ki=k dh nwljh çfr djus dh çfØ;k D;k gS\
mÙkj% vadrkfydk@çek.ki=k dh nwljh çfr izkIr djus ds fy,] ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV ls vkosnu
iQkWeZ MkmuyksM djsa ;k lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUnz ls bls izkIr djsa vkSj rRi'pkr fuèkZkfjr 'kqYd ds fMekaM
MªkÝV ds lkFk vad ,oa ekbxzs'ku vuqHkkx] ,uvkbZvks,l esa blds fy, vkosnu djsaA
95.
ifj.kke esa la'kksèku djkus dh D;k çfØ;k gS\
mÙkj% ;fn ifj.kke esa dksbZ vfu;ferrk ik;h tkrh gS rks f'k{kkFkhZ dks ifj.kkeksa dh ?kks"k.kk ls rhl fnuksa
ds Hkhrj vius {ks=k ds {ks=kh; funs'kd ds ikl la'kksèku ds fy, vkosnu djuk gksxkA vius fjdkWMZ esa
la'kksèku djkus ds vkosnu dk çk:i ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV esa f'k{kkFkhZ lwpuk Hkkx esa miyCèk gSA
96.
D;k mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa dh iqu%tkap dk dksbZ çkoèkku gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA ,uvkbZvks,l mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa dh iqu%tkap ds fy, ,d volj çnku djrk gS ftlesa
mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa ds vadksa dk iqu% ;ksx fd;k tkrk gS vkSj ;fn dksbZ Hkkx NwV x;k gS rks mldk
ewY;kadu fd;k tkrk gSA iqu% tkap ds fy, f'k{kkFkhZ dks ifj.kke dh ?kks"k.kk ds 15 fnuksa ds Hkhrj
lfpo] ,uvkbZvks,l ds i{k esa 200@& :i, çfr fo"k; (nks lkS :i;s) ds fuèkZkfjr 'kqYd ds cSd
a
MªkÝV ds lkFk vkosnu djuk gksxkA
97.
D;k mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa ds iqu%ewY;kadu ds fy, dksbZ çkoèkku gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa dk iqu%ewY;kadu mPprj ekè;kfed Lrj ij dsoy fl¼kar ds ipks± esa
miyCèk gSA f'k{kkFkhZ dks fdlh Hkh fo"k; ds iqu% ewY;kadu ds fy, ifj.kke dh ?kks"k.kk dh frfFk ls
15 fnuksa ds Hkhrj ,d lkns dkxt ij vFkok fuèkZkfjr çksiQkWeZk ds lkFk lfpo] ,uvkbZvks,l ds i{k
esa vkSj lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ ds uxj esa ns; 500@& :i, (ikap lkS :i;s) çfr fo"k; (lkoZtfud
ijh{kk ds fy,) ds cSad MªkÝV ds çkslsflax 'kqYd ds lkFk vkosnu djuk gksxkA iqu% ewY;kadu ds fy,
çksiQkWeZk osclkbV ij miyCèk gSA
98.
vuqfpr lkèku (;w,iQ,e) D;k gSa \
mÙkj% ;w,iQ,e ls rkRi;Z ijh{kk esa vuqfpr lkèkuksa dk ç;ksx djuk gSA vuqfpr lkèkuksa ds ç;ksx ds
ekeys esa iaQls f'k{kkFkhZ dh ijh{kk jí dj nh tkrh gS vkSj mls Hkkoh ijh{kkvksa esa cSBus ls çfrcafèkr
fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd mlds ços'k dks Hkh jí fd;k tk ldrk gSA
15
D;k çk;ksfxd ijh{kkvksa ds fy, Hkh iqu% tkap vkSj iqu% ewY;kadu vk;ksftr fd, tkrs gSa\
mÙkj%& th ughaA iqu% tkap vkSj iqu% ewY;kadu dsoy fl¼kar ijh{kkvksa esa vk;ksftr fd, tkrs gSaA
100. iqu% tkap vkSj iqu% ewY;kadu dk ifj.kke dc ?kksf"kr gksrk gS\
mÙkj%& vkosnu dh vafre frfFk ds ckn 45 fnuksa esaA
101. jksds x, ifj.kke okys ekeyksa ij dc fu.kZ; fy;k tkrk gS vkSj mudh fLFkfr dSls tkuh tk
ldrh gS \
mÙkj% eq[; ifj.kke dh ?kks"k.kk ls 40 ls 60 fnuksa esaA
fu.kZ; ,uvkbZvks,l osclkbV ij n'kZk;k tkrk gSA lacfUèkr f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks ,d i=k Hkh Hkst k tkrk gSA
102. D;k çk;ksfxd ijh{kk esa Hkh fofHkUu :i ls v{ke f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks dksbZ NwV nh tkrh gS \
mÙkj%& ughaA ;g dsoy fl¼kar ijh{kk ds fy, gh nh tkrh gSA
99.
16
vè;k; & 5
eqDr csfld f'k{kk
103. vkschbZ D;k gS\
mÙkj% eqDr csfld f'k{kk (vkschbZ) dk;ZØe] chp esa gh Ldwy NksM+ pqds cPpksa] uo lk{kjksa vkSj LowQy
u tkus okys f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, çkjfEHkd f'k{kk gSA ,uvkbZvks,l rhu Lrjksa_ Lrj ^,^] Lrj ^ch^] vkSj
Lrj ^lh^ ij csfld f'k{kk çnku djrk gS tks vkSipkfjd fo|ky;h f'k{kk ç.kkyh dh Øe'k% d{kk
rhljh] ik¡p oha vkSj vkBoha ds led{k gSA
104. vkschbZ ds varxZr dkSu ls ikB~;Øe pyk, tkrs gSa\
mÙkj% vkschbZ dk;ZØe ds varxZr pyk;s tk jgs ikB~;Øeksa esa ,d Hkk"kk] xf.kr] i;kZoj.k foKku]
lkekftd foKku 'kkfey gSA foLr`r tkudkjh ds fy, Ñi;k mÙkj la- 110 ns•saA
105. vkschbZ dk;ZØe ds varxZr çR;kf;r ,tsafl;ka D;k gSa\
mÙkj% vkschbZ dk;ZØe dks ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çR;kf;r ,tsafl;ksa ds lg;ksx ds lkFk fØ;kfUor fd;k tk
jgk gS tks çR;kf;r ,tsafl;ksa ds uke ls tkuh tkrh gSA çR;kf;r ,tsafl;ka ,uvkbZvks,l ds fn'kkfunZ's kksa ds
vuqlkj ikB~; Øe miyCèk djkrh gSa vkSj ijh{kk,a vk;ksftr djrh gSaA
106. vkschbZ ds varxZr dkSu ços'k izk Ir dj ldrk gS\
mÙkj% vkschbZ dk;ZØe ewy :i ls nks y{; lewgksa ds fy, vk;ksftr fd;k tk jgk gS vFkZkr 1) 6&14
o"kZ dh vk;q okys f'k{kkFkhZ rFkk 2) 14 o"kZ ls vfèkd dh vk;q okys f'k{kkFkhZA 6 o"kZ ls de dh vk;q
okys f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks bl dk;ZØe ds varxZr iathÑr ugha fd;k tkrk gSA chp esa gh Ldwy NksM+ pqds
cPps] ,u,iQbZ dk;ZØeksa dks NksM+ pqds cPps] jk‘ªh; lk{kjrk vfHk;ku dh lrr f'k{kk ;kstuk ds uo
lk{kj cPps] yM+fd;k¡ vkSj efgyk,a] nj fdukj fd, x,] v-tk-@v-t-tk- xjhch js•k ls uhps okys
lewg] çFke ih<+h ds f'k{kkFkhZ] Ldwy u tkus okys cPps ,oa çkS<+ viuh vk;q ds vkèkkj ij vkschbZ
dk;ZØe ds varxZr ços'k ys ldrs gSaA
107. vkschbZ ds varxZr vè;;u dh vofèk D;k gS\
mÙkj% çR;sd Lrj d@•@x ij vè;;u vofèk ,d o"kZ gSA
108. vkschbZ dk;ZØe ds varxZr çR;k;u ds fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;k gS\
mÙkj% Lrj d dh ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gksus ds fy, f'k{kkFkhZ dks ,d Hkk"kk fo"k; vkSj rhu vU; fo"k;ksa esa
mÙkh.kZ gksuk vfuok;Z gSA blh çdkj] vkschbZ ds • rFkk x ds ikB~; Øeksa ds fy, ,d Hkk"kk fo"k; vkSj
pkj vU; fo"k;ksa esa mÙkh.kZ gksuk vfuok;Z gSA
109. vkschbZ dk;ZØe ds varxZr çek.ki=k dkSu tkjh djrk gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l vkSj lacafèkr çR;kf;r ,tsalh }kjk ,d la;qDr çek.ki=k tkjh fd;k tkrk gSA
17
110.
vksc hbZ ds varxZr dkSu ls fo"k; pyk, tkrs gSa\
mÙkj% vkschbZ dk;ZØe ds varxZr fuEufyf•r fo"k; pyk, tkrs gSa%
Lrj ^d*
6 ls 14 o"kZ
14 o"kZ ls vf/d
Lrj ^•*
6 ls 14 o"kZ
14 o"kZ ls vf/d
Lrj ^x*
6 ls 14 o"kZ
✦ ,d Hkk"kk
✦ ,d Hkk"kk
✦ ,d Hkk"kk
✦ ,d@nks Hkk"kk
✦ xf.kr
✦ i;kZoj.k
✦ xf.kr
✦ i;kZoj.k vè;;u ✦ Xf.kr
✦ i;kZoj.k
vè;;u
vè;;u
(bZoh,l)
✦ thou dkS'ky ✦ xf.kr
✦ csfld
(bZoh,l)
✦ i;kZoj.k
vè;;u
✦ ,d Hkk"kk
✦ foKku
14 o"kZ ls vf/d
✦ ,d@nks Hkk"kk
✦ foKku
✦ lkekftd foKku
✦ xf.kr
✦ lkekftd foKku ✦ xf.kr
✦ csfld dEI;wfVax ✦ eqDr O;kolkf;d ✦ csfld dEI;wfVax
✦ thou
dkS'ky
dkS'ky
dEI;wfVax
dkS'ky
✦ eqDr O;kolkf;d
fo"k;
✦ eqDr
fo"k;@O;olk;&iwoZ
dkS'ky
ikB~;Øe
✦ eqDr O;kolkf;d
fo"k;
O;kolkf;d
fo"k;
*thou
dkS'ky esa vU; ikB~;p;Zk {ks=k 'kkfey gSa tSls dyk f'k{kk] LokLF; ,oa 'kkjhfjd f'k{kk] dk;Z ,oa f'k{kk] 'kkafr
ds fy, f'k{kkA
Hkk"kk esa fgUnh] vaxzst h] mnZw ;k {ks=kh; Hkk"kk gks ldrh gS] 6&14 o"kZ dh vk;q lewg ds fy, ,d
O;kolk;iwoZ dkS'ky ikB~;Øe vkSj çkS<+ vk;q lewg ds fy, ,d O;kolkf;d fo"k; vfuok;Z gSA
111. vkschbZ dk;ZØe ds varxZr vè;;u dk le; D;k gS\
mÙkj% ;g ikB~;Øe çfr fo"k; de ls de 100 ?kaVs ds vè;;u le; ij vkèkkfjr gSA blesa ls
50 ?kaVs vè;;u dsUæ ds fy, gSa vkSj 50 ?kaVs Lo&vè;;u ds fy, gSaA
fiQj Hkh] çkFkfed Lrj ds ekeys esa] tgka cPps y{; lewg gSa] çR;kf;r ,tsalh (,,) }kjk vè;;u ds
?kaVksa dh la[;k~ esa o`f¼ dh tk ldrh gSA
112. vkschbZ dk;ZØe ds varxZr d]• o x Lrj dh ijh{kk,a dkSu vk;ksftr djrk gS\
mÙkj% ijh{kkvksa dk vk;kstu çR;kf;r ,tsalh }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA ijh{kk lekIr gksus ds ckn] izR;kf;r
,tsalh la; qDr çek.ki=kksa ds eqæ.k ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l dks ifj.kke Hkst rk gSA
18
vè;k; & 6
O;kolkf;d f'k{kk
113. O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe esa ços'k ds fy, U;wure vkSj vfèkdre vk;q lhek D;k gS\
mÙkj% O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øeksa ds varxZr ekè;fed Lrj esa ukekadu ds fy, U;wure vk;q 14 o"kZ gS
vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ds fy, U;wure vk;q 15 o"kZ gS rFkk oqQN vU; fof'k‘ ikB~;Øeksa esa vk;q
lhek 18 o"kZ gSA dksbZ vfèkdre vk;q lhek ugha gSA
114. ços'k iQkWeZ ds lkFk dkSu ls vU; nLrkost+ tek djkus gksrs gSa\
mÙkj% ços'k ds fy, visf{kr nLrkostksa esa ekU;rk çkIr f'k{kk cksMZ }kjk tkjh ekè;fed vkSj mPprj
ekè;fed çek.ki=k] vk;q çek.k rFkk LFkk;h irs dk çek.k 'kkfey gSaA
115. ,d O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe dh oSèkrk vofèk D;k gS\
mÙkj% ,d O;kolkf;d ikB~; Øe esa f'k{kkFkhZ ds fy, ços'k dh oSèkrk vofèk ukekadu dh frfFk ls 5
o"kZ gSA
116. O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øeksa esa ços'k dh vafre frfFk;ka D;k gSa\
mÙkj% bu ikB~;Øeksa esa o"kZ Hkj ços'k pyrs jgrs gSaA fdUrq ijh{kk ds ç;kstu ls ;ksX;rk dks fofu;fer
djus ds fy, çR;sd o"kZ 30 twu vkSj 31 fnlacj dks ços'k ds fy, vafre frfFk;ka fuèkZkfjr dh
xbZ gSaA
117. iathdj.k 'kqYd esa D;k&D;k 'kkfey gS\
mÙkj% O;kolkf;d ikB~; Øeksa ds fy, iat hdj.k 'kqYd esa iathdj.k] igpku i=k] vè;;u lkexzh dk
ewY;] laidZ d{kkvks]a ç;ksx çf'k{k.k vkfn dk çHkkj 'kkfey gSA
118. O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe dh vofèk D;k gS\
mÙkj% O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øeksa dh vofèk ikB~;Øe dh çÑfr ds vkèkkj ij Ng ekg ls nks o"kZ gSA
119. D;k f'k{kkFkhZ dks dksbZ vè;;u lkexzh feysxh \
mÙkj% th gkaA ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk fufeZr Lo&vè;;u lkexzh miyCèk djkbZ tkrh gSA f'k{kkFkhZ dks
viuh çR;kf;r O;kolkf;d laLFkk (,ohvkbZ) ls vè;;u lkexzh vkSj igpku i=k izkIr djuk gksrk gSA
120. f'k{kkFkhZ çk;ksfxd çf'k{k.k ds fy, dgka tkrs gSa\
mÙkj% vè;;u dsUæ vius laLFkku esa ;k fdlh lehiorhZ dk;Z LFky esa çk;ksfxd çf'k{k.k dk;ZØe
vk;ksftr djrk gSA
121. D;k O;kolkf;d fo"k;ksa dks 'kSf{kd fo"k;ksa ds lkFk la;ksftr fd;k tk ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA O;kolkf;d fo"k;ksa dks 'kSf{kd fo"k;ksa ds lkFk la;ksftr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
122. O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øe dh çk;ksfxd vkSj lS¼kafrd ijh{kk,a dc gksrh gSa\
mÙkj% çk;ksfxd vkSj lS¼kafrd nksuksa ijh{kk,a o"kZ esa nks ckj vFkZkr vçSy&ebZ vkSj vDVwcj&uoacj esa
vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSaA
19
123. çk;ksfxd ijh{kk,a dgka gksrh gSa\
mÙkj% çk;ksfxd ijh{kk,a f'k{kkFkhZ }kjk pquh xbZ lacafèkr ,ohvkbZ esa yh tkrh gSaA
124. ijh{kk ds fy, iathdj.k dc fd;k tkrk gS\
mÙkj% vçSy&ebZ dh ijh{kk ds fy,% 15 tuojh rd vkSj vDVwcj&uoacj dh ijh{kk ds fy, 15 tqykbZ
fuèkZkjd frfFk;ka gSaA
125. O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øeksa esa ijh{kk 'kqYd fdruk gS\
mÙkj% O;kolkf;d ikB~; Øe ds fy, ijh{kk 'kqYd çfr ekM~; wy çfr fo"k; 150@& :i, gSA bl 'kqYd
esa fl¼kar] ç;ksx rFkk vkarfjd ewY;kadu ds fy, 'kqYd 'kkfey gSA
126. D;k fofHkUu O;kolkf;d ikB~;Øeksa ds fy, JO;&n`'; dk;ZØe Hkh miyCèk gSa\
mÙkj% th gkaA ,uvkbZvks,l vè;;u esa lgk;rk çnku djus ds fy, vusd JO;&n`'; dk;ZØeksa dk
fueZk.k djrk gSA ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØeksa dk çlkj.k jk‘ª Hkj esa çR;sd 'kqØokj dks çkr% 5-00 cts
MhMh&A ij rFkk çfrfnu 'kke lk;a 6-30 cts 'kSf{kd pSuy Kku n'kZu ij rFkk osc jsfM;ks (eqDr fo|k
ok.kh) ij Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA
20
vè;k;&7
tc pkgks rc ijh{kk
127. vksM~l D;k gS\
mÙkj% tc pkgks rc ijh{kk ç.kkyh (vksM~l) ,d ijh{kk lqfoèkk gS tks ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk lkoZtfud
ijh{kkvksa ls vfrfjDr vU; ijh{kkvksa ds fy, vius f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks miyCèk djkbZ tkrh gSA f'k{kkFkhZ çFke
lkoZtfud ijh{kk ds i'pkr tc Hkh ijh{kk ds fy, rS; kj gks] vksM~l ds varxZr ijh{kk ns ldrk gSA
f'k{kkFkhZ vksM~l ds fy, vkWuykbu vkosnu dj ldrk gS vkSj viuh lqfoèkk ds vuqlkj ijh{kk dh frfFk
dk p;u dj ldrk gSA vksM~l ijh{kkvksa dk vk;kstu lHkh {ks=kh; dsUæksa esa ekfld vkèkkj ij rFkk
miyCèk lhVksa ds vkèkkj ij fd;k tkrk gSA
128. tc pkgks rc ijh{kk (vksMhbZ) ijEiijkxr lkoZtfud ijh{kkvksa ls fdlh çdkj fHkUu gS\
mÙkj% lkoZtfud ijh{kkvksa esa] cksMZ ijh{kk dh frfFk fuèkZkfjr djrk gS vkSj ml frfFk dks fdlh fo"k;
dh ijh{kk gksxh] fdUrq vksMhbZ esa f'k{kkFkhZ fu.kZ; djrk gS fd mls fdl frfFk dks ijh{kk nsuh gS vkSj og
ml frfFk dks fdlh fo"k; dh ijh{kk nsuk pkgrk gSA
129. D;k ,d O;fDr tks ,uvkbZvks,l esa f'k{kkFkhZ ds :i esa iathÑr ugha gS] og vksM hbZ esa ijh{kk
ns ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th ughaA ;fn vki ekè;fed vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ij ,uvkbZvks,l esa iathÑr gSa rks
vkids ikl vksMhbZ ds rgr ijh{kk nsus dk fodYi miyCèk gksxkA rFkkfi] LVªhe&III rFkk LVªhe& IV ds
varxZr] vki vksMhbZ ds fy, lhèks ls iathÑr djk ldrs gSaA
130. vksMhbZ ds varxZr dkSu ls fo"k; miyCèk gSa\
mÙkj% ekè;fed ikB~;Øe (13 fo"k;)_ fgUnh (201)] vaxzsth (202)] laLÑr (209)] xf.kr
(211)] foKku ,oa çkS|ksfxdh (212)] lkekftd Kku (213)] vFkZ'kkÐ (214)] O;olk; vè;;u
(215)] x`g foKku (216)] oMZ çkslsflax (219)] euksfoKku (222)] Hkkjrh; laLÑfr vkSj ijEijk
(223) vkSj fp=kdyk (225)A
mPprj ekè;fed ikB;Øe (19 fo"k;) _ fgUnh (301)] v¡xzsth (302)] laLÑr (309)] xf.kr
(311)] HkkSfrdh (312)] jlk;u 'kkÐ (313)] tho foKku (314)] bfrgkl (315)] Hkwxksy (316)]
jktuhfr foKku (317)] vFkZ'kkÐ (318)] O;olk; vè;;u (319)] ys•kadu (320)] x`g foKku
(321)] euksfoKku (328)] lekt 'kkÐ (331)] fp=kdyk(332)] i;Zkoj.k foKku (333) rFkk MkWVk
,aVªh dk;Z (336)A
131. D;k vksM hbZ dh mÙkj iqfLrdk dk iqu% ewY;kadu fd;k tk ldrk gS \
mÙkj% th gk¡A vksMhbZ mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa dk iqu% ewY;kadu dsoy mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ij gh miyCèk
gSA f'k{kkFkhZ dks ijh{kk ifj.kke dh ?kks"k.kk ds fnu ls 15 fnuksa ds Hkhrj fdlh fo"k; ds iqu% ewY;kadu
ds fy, ,d lkns dkxt ij vFkok ,d fuèkkZfjr çksiQkWeZk ij lfpo] ,uvkbZvks,l ds i{k esa vkSj
lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsaæ ds {ks=kh; funs'kd dks ns; #- 700@& çfr fo"k; ds cSad MªkÝV ds :i esa fuèkZkfjr
'kqYd ds lkFk vkosnu djuk gksxkA iqu% ewY;kadu dsoy fl¼kar ipk±s dk gh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
132. D;k vksM hbZ dh vad rkfydk ,uvkbZvks,l dh lkoZtfud ijh{kk ls fHkUu gksxh\
mÙkj% th ugha] vksMhbZ dh vad rkfydk ,uvkbZvks,l dh lkoZt fud ijh{kk ls fHkUu ugha gksxhA ;g
mlds leku gh gSA
133. D;k ,d f'k{kkFkhZ ,d ekg esa ,d fo"k; esa ,d ls vfèkd ckj vksM hbZ esa ijh{kk ns ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th ughaA f'k{kkFkhZ ,d eghus esa nks ckj ,d gh fo"k; esa vksMhbZ dh ijh{kk ugha ns ldrk gSA
21
134. tc pkgks rc ijh{kk esa cSBus dk 'kqYd D;k gS\
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
mÙkj% fl¼kar ijh{kk ds fy, çfr fo"k; 250@& #i, vkSj çk;ksfxd ijh{kk ds fy, çfr fo"k; 100@&
#i, (dsoy lkS :i,) ds vfrfjDr 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku djuk gksxkA
D;k eSa tc pkgks rc ijh{kk ds ekè;e ls nks fo"k; rFkk lkoZtfud ijh{kkvksa ds ekè;e ls rhu
fo"k;ksa dh ijh{kk ns ldrk gwa\
mÙkj % th gka] vki viuh lqfoèkk ds vuqlkj tc pkgks rc ijh{kk vkSj lkoZtfud ijh{kk ds fy,
fo"k;ksa dk p;u dj ldrs gSaA
eSa jkT; cksMZ ls mPprj ekè;fed ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ dj pqdk gw¡A D;k eSa vksMhbZ ds ekè;e ls ikap
fo"k;ksa dh ijh{kk ns dj çek.ki=k izkIr dj ldrk gwa\
mÙkj% th ugha] vkids pkj fo"k;ksa rd gh ^vkaf'kd ços'k* dh vuqefr nh tk,xhA vkidks dsoy vad
rkfydk çnku dh tk,xhA vkidks dksbZ çek.ki=k tkjh ugha fd;k tk,xkA
eSa lhch,llh ls rhu fo"k; mÙkh.kZ gw¡ D;k eSa ,uvkbZvks,l ds vksMhbZ ds ekè;e ls 'ks"k nks
fo"k;ksa esa ijh{kk nsdj çek.ki=k dj ldrk gwa\
mÙkj% th ughaA vki lhch,lbZ ls ,uvkbZvks,l esa nks mÙkh.kZ fo"k;ksa ds fy, ØsfMV LFkkukarj.k ds
fodYi pqu ldrs gSa vkSj 'ks"k rhu fo"k;ksa dh ijh{kk ns ldrs gSa rkfd bUgsa liQyrkiwoZd mÙkh.kZ djus
ij vkidks ,uvkbZvks,l ls çek.ki=k izkIr gks ldsa
vksMhbZ ds fy, iathdj.k dh D;k çfØ;k gS\
mÙkj% tc pkgks rc ijh{kk gsrq iathdj.k dsoy www.nios.ac.in osclkbV ds ekè;e ls fd;k tk
ldrk gSA
vksMh ijh{kk iQkWeZ dks dgk¡ tek djk;k tkrk gS\
mÙkj% vksMh ijh{kk iQkeZ vkSj visf{kr ijh{kk 'kqYd (;fn fMekaM MªkÝV }kjk tek fd;k x;k gS)
,uvkbZvks,l ds lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ esa tek djk;k tkrk gSA
D;k eq>s vksMh ijh{kkvksa esa ç'u&i=k {ks=kh; Hkk"kk esa izkIr gks ldrs gSa\
mÙkj% th ughaA vksMhbZ esa ç'u&i=k dsoy vaxzsth vkSj fgUnh Hkk"kk esa gh miyCèk gSaA
;fn eSaus twu ekg esa lHkh fo"k;ksa dh ijh{kk nsdj mUgsa liQyrkiwoZd mÙkh.kZ dj fy;k gS rks esjh
ijh{kk dk o"kZ D;k gksxk \
mÙkj% vad rkfydk vkSj çR;k;u ds mís'; ls] ebZ ls vDVwcj ds nkSjku ijh{kk esa cSBus okys lHkh
f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks ml o"kZ dh vçSy ijh{kk ds varxZr ekuk tk,xkA vkSj uoEcj ls vçSy ds nkSjku ijh{kk
nsus okys lHkh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks iwoZorhZ vDVwcj ijh{kk ds varxZr ekuk tk,xkA
eSaus jkT; cksMZ ls ekè;fed ijh{kk ikl dh gSA D;k eSa lhèks vksMhbZ ds ekè;e ls mPprj
ekè;fed ijh{kk,a nsdj çek.ki=k izkIr dj ldrk gwa\
mÙkj% th ughaA LVªhe&IV ds varxZr tc pkgks rc ijh{kk dsoy mu f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa ds fy, miyCèk gS
ftUgksaus igys gh fdlh ekU;rk izkIr cksMZ@fo'ofo|ky; ls mPprj ekè;fed ;k mPprj ijh{kk ikl dh
gS vkSj viuh ;ksX;rk dks v|ru djus ds fy, ,d fo"k; ;k vfèkdre 4 fo"k;ksa esa vkaf'kd ços'k
djuk pkgrs gSa ;k tks f'k{kkFkhZ ;ksX; Fks fdUrq leku fo"k; la; kstu esa fdlh ekU;rk izkIr cksMZ ls
mPprj ekè;fed Lrj dh lkoZtfud ijh{kk esa Hkkx ugha ys lds vkSj vc mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ij
,uvkbZvks,l dh tc pkgks rc ijh{kk ç.kkyh ds ekè;e ls ijh{kk nsuk pkgrs gSaA
143. vksMh ijh{kkvksa esa çk;ksfxd ijh{kk dc vkSj dgka vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSa\
mÙkj% vksMh ijh{kk ç.kkyh ds varxZr çk;ksfxd ijh{kk,a ,uvkbZvks,l ds lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ }kjk
fuèkkZfjr LFky ds vuqlkj mlh lIrkg vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSa ftl lIrkg f'k{kkFkhZ us fl¼kar dh ijh{kk,a
nh gSaA
22
144. tc pkgks rc ijh{kk esa eq>s vad rkfydk fdl çdkj izkIr gksxh\
mÙkj% ;fn vkius çek.ki=k ds fy, lHkh fo"k; mÙkh.kZ dj fy, gSa rks vki lexz ijh{kk ds fy, lacfa èkr
{ks=kh; dsUæ ls vksMhbZ dh vad rkfydk izkIr dj ldrs gSaA ;fn ,slk ugha gS rks] bls fuèkkZfjr 'kqYd ds
lkFk fyf•r fuosnu ij gh fy;k tk ldrk gSA
145. D;k eSa] ^tc pkgks rc ijh{kk* ds fy, vkWiQykbu vkosnu dj ldrk gwa\
mÙkj% th ughaA iathdj.k çfØ;k dsoy vkWuykbZu ekè;e ls gh dh tkrh gSA
146. ^tc pkgks rc ijh{kk* ds fnu vkSj le; D;k gSa\
mÙkj% ;s ijh{kk,a eaxyokj] cqèkokj rFkk xq#okj (fnYyh] {ks=kh; dsaæ dks NksM+dj lHkh {ks=kh; dsUæksa ds
fy,) lk;a 2-00 cts ls 5-00 rd vkSj {ks=kh; dsaæ] fnYyh ,&31] lsDVj&62] uks,Mk esa eaxyokj]
cqèkokj] xq:okj rFkk 'kqØokj dks lk;a 2-00 cts ls 5-00 rd vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSaA
23
vè;k; & 8
vkbZlhVh ,oa ehfM;k lgk;rk
147. ,uvkbZvks,l dk gSYicykbu uac j D;k gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l dk gSYi;ykbu uacj gS 18001809393
¶;g ,d dkWy &ç;ksxdrkZ vuqowQy f'k{kkFkhZ lgk;rk dsUæ ¶ gS ftlds ekè;e ls dkWyj lqcg 9-30
cts ls 'kke 5-30 cts rd dk;Zdkjh ds lkFk ckrphr }kjk rFkk 'kke 5-30 cts ls lqcg 9-30 cts
rd vkbZohvkj,l ds ekè;e ls ,uvkbZvks,l ds fo"k; esa lHkh tkudkjh dj ldrk gSA
148. D;k dksbZ bZesy irk Hkh miyCèk
gS tgka f'k{kkFkhZ ,uvkbZvks,l ls lhèkk laidZ dj lds\
mÙkj% th gka] {ks=kh; dsUæksa ds bZesy vkbZMh ds vfrfjDr] f'k{kkFkhZ [email protected] ij
,uvkbZvks,l ls laidZ dj ldrk gSA
149. D;k eSa ,uvkbZvks,l dh vkWuykbZu ikB~; lkexzh izkIr dj ldrk gwa\
mÙkj% th gka] vki www.nios.ac.in ij miyCèk ,uvkbZvks,l dh vkWuykbu ikB~; Øe lkexzh izkIr
dj ldrs gSaA vki bl lkexzh dks ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV ls i<+ ldrs gSa vkSj bls MkmuyksM Hkh
dj ldrs gSaA
150. ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV ds ekè;e ls f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks dkSu lh lqfoèkk,a miyCèk gSa\
mÙkj% vkWuykbZu ds ekè;e ls f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks fuEufyf•r lqfoèkk,a miyCèk djkbZ tk jgh gSa%
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
vkWuykbu ços'k
ijh{kk 'kqYd vkWuykbu tek djkuk
vkWuykbu ikB~;Øe lkexzh Vh,e,] ihlhih le; lkfj.kh] fiNys o"kks± ds ç'u i=k izkIr
djuk
ikB~; Øe lkexzh] igpku i=kksa] vadrkfydkvksa vkSj çek.ki=kksa ds çs"k.k dh fLFkfr tkuuk
,uvkbZvks,l ds iqLrdky; esa miyCèk] iqLrdsa] tuZy rFkk if=kdk,aA
,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV ls gj çdkj ds iQkWeks± dks MkmuyksM fd;k tk ldrk gSA
f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa] ,uvkbZvks,l esa miyCèk vè;;u dsUæksa] {ks=kh; dsUæksa] ikB~;Øeksa vkfn lacèa kh
tkudkjhA
ifj.kkek@lwp uk (gkWy fVdV)
[email protected]=kksa dk lR;kiu
vkWu&fMekaM ijh{kk dk iathdj.kA
151. jk‘ªh; pSuy&MhMh&1 esa ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØe ds çlkj.k dk le; D;k gS\
mÙkj% MhMh&1 esa ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØe dk çlkj.k çR;sd 'kqØokj lqcg 05-02 cts ls 05-25 cts
rd gksrk gSA
152. Kkun'kZu pSuy esa ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØe ds çlkj.k dk le; D;k gS\
mÙkj% Kkun'kZu ij ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØe dk çlkj.k çfrfnu 'kke 6-30 cts ls 'kke 7-00 cts rd
gksrk gSA
24
153. ,iQ,e pSuy&Kku ok.kh esa ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØe dk çlkj.k le; D;k gS\
mÙkj% Kkuok.kh & 105-6 esxk gV~tZ ,iQ,e pSuy ij çR; d 'kqØokj] 'kfuokj vkSj jfookj dks lqcg
8-30 cts ls lqcg 9-00 cts rd ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØe dk çlkj.k gksrk gS vkSj blh dk;ZØe dk
iqu%çlkj.k 'kke 3-30 ls 4-00 rd fd;k tkrk gSA
154. f'k{kkFkhZ dks vkoafVr ,vkbZ esa mls dkSu&dkSu lh lsok,a miyCèk gSa\
mÙkj% ços'k ds le; f'k{kkFkhZ }kjk p;fur ,vkbZ (vFkZkr vè;;u dsUæ~) fcuk fdlh vfrfjDr
çHkkj ds fuEufyf•r lsok,a miyCèk djkrk gS
(d) fuèkZkfjr ewY;~ ij foojf.kdk tkjh djukA
(•)
(x)
(?k)
(Ä)
(p)
(N)
(t)
ijh{kk iQkeZ vkSj ijh{kk 'kqYd Lohdkj djukA
,uvkbZvks,l ds ekunaMksa ds vuqlkj 30 ihlhih vk;ksftr djuk vkSj ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk
fuèkZkfjr vuqlkj çk;ksfxd l=k dk vk;kstu djukA
vuqf'k{kd vafdr ewY;kadu dk;Z dk ewY;kadu
ikB~;Øe ls lacafèkr leL;kvksa@ç'uksa ds lekèkku ds fy, ijke'kZ djukA
fo"k; (fo"k;ksa) esa ifjorZu ;k vfrfjDr fo"k;ksa ds fy, vkosnu Lohdkj djuk o mls
,uvkbZvks,l ds {ks=kh; dsU æ dks HkstukA
'kqYd ds Hkqxrku dh frfFk;ka] ijh{kk dh frfFk;ka] ijh{kk dsUæ rFkk vU; egRooiw.kZ lwpuk
miyCèk djkuk
lkoZtfud ijh{kkvksa ds ifj.kkeksa dks n'kZkukA
155. eqDr fo|k ok.kh D;k gS \
mÙkj% eqDr fo|k ok.kh ,d osc vkèkkfjr var&fØ;kRed vkWuykbu O;fDrxr laidZ dk;ZØe gSA
156. eqDr fo|k ok.kh dh le; lkfj.kh D;k gS \
mÙkj% eqDr fo|k ok.kh &ihlhih dk;Z fnolksa esa lk;a 2-00&5-00 cts ykbo vkjaHk gksrk gS vkSj
'kfuokj vkSj jfookj dks çkr% 10-30 ls 12-00 cts rd çlkfjr gksrk gSA
157. D;k eSa eqDr fo|k ok.kh ij ç'u iwN ldrk gw¡A ;fn gk¡] laidZ uacj D;k gSa\
mÙkj % th gk¡A vki 18001802543 (VkWy Úh) vkSj 0120&4626949 ij dkWy dj ldrs gSaA
158. D;k eSa ohfM;ks dk;ZØe dh MhohMh •jhn ldrk gw¡ \
mÙkj% th gk¡A ekè;fed vkSj mPprj ekè;fed Lrj ij xf.kr fo"k; ds ohfM;ks dk;ZØe 100@& #
çfr MhohMh foØ; ds fy, miyCèk gSaA vkSj vfèkd fooj.k ds fy, 0120&4089898 ij laidZ djsa
vFkok [email protected] ij bZ&esy djsaA
25
vè;k; & 9
izR;k;u
159. ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk fdl çdkj dh laLFkkvksa dks çR;kf;r fd;k tkrk gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l mu laLFkkvksa dks çR;k;u çnku djrk gS tks ,uvkbZvks,l ds eqDr csfld f'k{kk
(vkschlh) dk;ZØe] O;kolkf;d dk;ZØeksa rFkk 'kSf{kd dk;ZØeksa dks pykuk pkgrs gSaA
160. vkschbZ dk;ZØe pykus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ls çR;k;u izkIr djus dh bPNqd laLFkkvksa ds
fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;k gSa\
mÙkj% f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa dksbZ ,uthvks@iathÑr lkslkbVh@VªLV ftls rhu o"kZ dk vuqHko gks] og
vkschbZ dk;ZØe çnku djus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l dk vè;;u dsUæ cuus gsrq vkosnu dj ldrk gSA
vkschbZ dk;ZØe pykus okys vè;;u dsU æ çR;kf;r ,tsafl;ka (,,) dgykrs gSaA
161. O;kolkf;d dk;ZØe pykus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ls çR;k;u izkIr djus dh bPNqd laLFkkvksa
ds fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;k gSa\
mÙkj% O;kolkf;d f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa dksbZ ,uthvks@iathÑr lkslkbVh@VªLV ftls rhu o"kZ dk vuqHko gks
og O;kolkf;d dk;ZØe çnku djus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l dk vè;;u dsUæ cuus gsrq vkosnu dj
ldrk gSA O;kolkf;d dk;Zde pykus okys vè;;u dsUæksa dks çR;kf;r O;kolkf;d laLFkku
(,ohvkbZ) ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
162. 'kSf{kd dk;ZØe pykus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çR;k;u izkIr djus dh bPNqd laLFkkvksa
ds fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;k gSa\
mÙkj% fdlh jk‘ªh;@jkT; cksMZ ls lac¼rk j[kus okyk dksbZ Ldwy] 'kSf{kd dk;ZØeksa ;Fkk d{kk X rFkk
d{kk XII dh f'k{kk çnku djus ds fy,] ,uvkbZvks,l ds vè;;u dsUæ ds fy,] vkosnu dj ldrk
gSA 'kSf{kd dk;ZØeksa dks pykus okys vè;,;u dsUnzksa dks çR;kf;r laLFkk (,vkbZ) ds uke ls tkuk
tkrk gSA
163. çR;k;u ds fy, fdruk 'kqYdk visf{kr gS\
mÙkj% çR;k;u 'kqYd 5000@& :i, gS ftldk Hkqxrku cSad MªkÝV ds ekè;e ls fd;k tkrk gS vFkZkr
4000@& #i, vkSj 1000@& #i, dk cSad MªkÝV tks lfpo ,uvkbZvks,l ds i{k esa gks vkSj
,uvkbZvks,l ds lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ ij ns; gksA
164. çR;k;u ds fy, vkosnu fdl çdkj fd;k tkrk gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l ls çR;k;u izkIr djus ds bPNqd laLFkku ,uvkbZvks,l ds lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ
esa vkWuykbu ;k vkWiQykbu vkosnu dj ldrs gSaA vkWuykbu vkosnu ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV ds
ekè;e ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA laLFkku okafNr fooj.k vkWuykbu ds ekè;e ls Hkj ldrs gSa vkSj
rRi'pkr dEI;wVj ls mldk fçaVvkmV izkIr djds mls okafNr nLrkost ksa vkSj çkslsflax 'kqYd lfgr
lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ dks Hkst ldrs gSaA vkWiQykbu vkosnu djus ds fy,] bPNqd laLFkku osclkbV ls
vkosnu dk fçaVvkmV izkIr dj ldrk gS ;k ,uvkbZvks,l ds {ks=kh; dsUæ ;k eq[;ky; ls vkosnu
iQkWeZ izkIr dj ldrk gSA vkosnu iQkWeZ Hkjus ds i'pkr visf{kr dkjZokbZ dh tkuh pkfg, tSlk fd
vkWuykbu vkosnu dh fLFkfr esa visf{kr gSA
26
165. D;k fons'k esa fLFkr laLFkku ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çR;k;u ds fy, vkosnu dj ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th gka] og laLFkku visf{kr 'kqYd lfgr lacafèkr Hkkjrh; nwrkokl ds ekè;e ls fuèkZkfjr iQkWeZ esa
vkosnu dj ldrk gSA
çR;k;u ds fy, vkosnu dks fdl irs ij Hkstuk gksrk gS\
166.
mÙkj% çR;k;u izkIr djus ds bPNqd laLFkkau dks lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæksa esa viuk vkosnu Hkst uk gksrk gSA
rFkkfi] ;fn vkosnd laLFkku lhch,lbZ ls lac¼ gS vkSj fons'k esa fLFkr gS rks vkosnu dks funs'kd
(fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,¡)] jk‘ªh; eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkku] ,&24@25] lsDVj&62] uks,Mk ds ikl
Hkstk tk,xkA
167. lhch,lbZ lac¼ Ldwy çR;k;u ds fy, fdlh çdkj vkosnu dj ldrk gS\
mÙkj% lhch,lbZ lac¼ Ldwy }kjk çR;k;u ds fy, vkosnu dh çfØ;k ogh gS tks fdlh vU; laLFkku
}kjk vkosnu fd, tkus ds fy, gSA rFkkfi] os viuk vkosnu funs'kd (fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,¡)] jk‘ªh;
eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkku uks,Mk] ,&24@25] lsDVj&62] uks,Mk dks HkstsaxsA blds vfrfjDr]
,uvkbZvks,l }kjk lhch,lbZ lac¼ fo|ky;ksa dk fujh{k.k ugha fd;k tk,xk D;ksafd os igys ls lac¼rk
ds dM+s fu;eksa dk vuqikyu djrs gSaA
168. ;fn ,d Ldwy fdlh cksM Z ls ekè;fed Lrj rd lac ¼ gS rks D;k ,uvkbZvks,l mls mPprj
ekè;fed ikB~;Øe miyCèk djkus ds fy, çR;k;u çnku dj ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th ugha] ,uvkbZvks,l vkosnudrZk laLFkkuksa dks dsoy mlh d{kk ds fy, çR;k;u çnku dj
ldrk gS ftlds fy, og vius ewy cksMZ ls lac¼ gSA bldk vFkZ gS fd ;fn ,d Ldwy vius ewy
cksMZ ds lkFk ekè;fed Lrj rd ds fy, lac¼ gS rks ,uvkbZvks,l mls dsoy ekè;fed Lrj ds
ikB~; Øe ds fy, çR;k;u çnku djsxkA
169. ,d Ldwy tks vius ewy cksMZ ds f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks foKku fo"k; miyCèk ugha djk jgk gS] D;k
og ,uvkbZvks,l esa foKku fo"k; miyCèk djk ldrk gS\
mÙkj% th ugha] ,uvkbZvks,l dsoy mUgha ikB~; Øeksa ds fy, çR;k;u çnku dj ldrk gS ftuds fy,
og fo|ky; vius ewy cksM Z ds lkFk lac¼ gSA
170. vkosnd laLFkk dks fdrus f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çR;k;u çnku fd;k tkrk gS\
mÙkj% vkosnd laLFkk esa miyCèk lajpukRed lqfoèkkvksa ds vkèkkj ij 'kSf{kd dk;ZØeksa ds fy, 150
(Js.kh x)] 300 (Js.kh •) rFkk 500 (Js.kh d) ds fy, çR;k;u fn;k tkrk gSA
171. ,d laLFkk dks fn, x, çR;k;u dh oSèkrk vofèk D;k gS\
mÙkj% ,d laLFkku dks vLFkkbZ (Provisional) vkèkkj ij çR;k;u çnku fd;k tkrk gS ftldk
uohdj.k le;&le; ij fd;k tkrk gSA
172. ;fn] ,uvkbZvks,l ds vè;;u dsaæ ls mldk ewy cksM Z mldh lac¼rk okil ys ysrk gS rks
D;k ,uvkbZvks,l vius çR;k;u dks tkjh j•sxk\
mÙkj % th ugha] ;fn lac¼rk çnku djus okyk cksMZ mldh lac¼rk okil ys ysrk gS rks
,uvkbZvks,l dk çR;k;u Lor% gh lekIr gks tk,xkA ;g vè;;u dsUæ ds leUo,;d dk
mÙkjnkf;Ro gS fd og bldh lwpuk ,uvkbZvks,l dks ns vkSj ,uvkbZvks,l ds fu;eksa ds vuqlkj
mi;qDr dkjZokbZ djsA
173. ;fn ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çR;k;u dks okil fy;k tkrk gs rks] bl vè;;u dsUæ esa iathÑr
f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dk Hkkoh ifjn`'; D;k gksxk \
mÙkj% ;fn ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çR;k;u okil ys fy;k tkrk gS rks ml vè;vks;u dsUæ esa iat hÑr
f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks lehiorhZ vè;;u dsUæ esa LFkkukUrfjr dj fn;k tkrk gSA
27
vè;k;&10
vè;,uvkbZvks,l ,oa vYila[;d f'k{kk
174. D;k
,uvkbZvks,l esa vYila[;dksa ds fgrksa dk è;ku j•us ds fy, dksbZ fo'ks"k O;oLFkk gS\
mÙkj% ekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; ds lHkh foHkkxksa vkSj Lok;Ùk fudk;ksa esa vYila[;d çdks’
LFkkfir djus ds Hkkjr ljdkj ds fu.kZ; ds vuqlkj] ,uvkbZvks,l us vYi;la[;d leqnk;ksa dh 'kSf{kd
vko'drkvksa ij fo'ks"k è;ku nsus ds fy, vius fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,¡ foHkkx esa o"kZ 2006 esa ,d
vYila[;d çdks"B dh LFkkiuk dh gSA
175. vYila[;d çdks"B] ,uvkbZvks,l ds mís'; D;k gSa\
mÙkj% vYila[;d çdks"B dk mís'; ekStwnk vYila[;d 'kSf{kd laLFkkuksa ds lkFk laidZ LFkkfir djds
fo'ks"k çlkj dk;ZØeksa }kjk vYila[;d leqnk;ksa fo'ks"k :i ls eqfLye leqnk; esa ,uvkbZvks,l ds
dk;ZØeksa vkSj uhfr;ksa dks igqapkuk vkSj mlds çHkko esa o`f¼ djuk gSA
176. ,uvkbZvks,l ds vYila[;d çdks"B ds D;k dk;Z gSa\
mÙkj% vYila[;d çdks"B ds fuEukfyf•r dk;Z gSa%
vYila[;d leqnk;ksa esa ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØeksa vkSj uhfr;ksa dh igqap vkSj ç;ksx esa foLrkj
ykukA
ekStwnk vYila[;d 'kSf{kd laLFkkuksa ds lkFk laidZ LFkkfir djds lfØ; çlkj dk;ZØe djukA
enjlksa@nkj&my&mywe dks ekU;rk çnku djuk vkSj mUgsas f'k{kk dh eq[; èkkjk ds lkFk tksM+ukA
vYila[;d laLFkkvksa ds laoèkZu ds fy, çlkj dk;ZØeksa@vuqowQyu dk;ZØeksa@dk;Z'kkykvksa dk
vk;kstu djukA
ik=k laLFkkuksa dk fujh{k.k djus ds fy, fujh{k.k nyksa dk xBu djukA
fujh{k.k nyksa vkSj {ks=kh; dsUæksa ls fujh{k.k fjiksVZsa ,d=k djukA
fujh{k.k fjiksVZ dh laLrqfr;ksa dks vafre :i nsus ds fy, çR;k;u lykgdkj lfefr dh cSBdsa
vk;ksftr djukA
u, çR;kf;r 'kSf{kd] O;kolkf;d vkSj eqDr csfld f'k{kk vYila[;d laLFkkuksa ds lacaèk esa
vfèklwp uk tkjh djukA
,lihD;wbZ,e ds varxZr vkus okys ,uvkbZvks,l ds çR;kf;r dsUæksa ls f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds vkadM+s
,d=k djuk vkSj nkoksa ds ç;kstu ls mUgsa ekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; dks HkstukA
177. ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk vYila[;dksa dh f'k{kk ds fy, D;k ç;kl mBk, x, gSa\
mÙkj% igqap] lekurk vkSj xq.koÙkk ,uvkbZvks,l dk;ZØeksa vkSj xfrfofèk;ksa dh igpku gSaA ;g fo'ks"krk
,uvkbZvks,l }kjk pyk;s tk jgs lHkh ikB~; Øeksa izkIr dk;ZØeksa esa Hkh >ydrh gSA gkykafd
,uvkbZvks,l ds ikB~; Øe@dk;ZØe lekt ds lHkh oxk±s ds fy, gSa] fdUrq ,uvkbZvks,l buesa vuqlfw pr
tkfr (v-tk-)] vuqlwfpr tutkfr (v-t-tk-)] vYila[;d lewg (eqfLye] bZlkbZ] flD•] tSu]
ckS¼)] yM+fd;ksa o efgykvksa] fHkUu :i ls l{ke] dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa jgus okys yksxksa vkSj HkwriwoZ
lSfudksa dks çkFkfedrk çnku djrk gSA
28
178. ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk vYila[;d leqnk; dks dkSu lh fo'ks"k fj;k;rsa çnku dh tkrh gS\a
mÙkj% eqfLye vYila[;dksa dks xq.koÙkiw.kZ vkèkqfud f'k{kk çnku djus dh n`f‘ ls enjlksa dks çR;k;u
çnku djus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk vusd fj;k;rsa çnku dh xbZ gSaA oqQN çeq• fj;k;rsa fuEukuuqlkj
gSa%
✦ ,uvkbZvks,l us fnukad 12-04-2014 ds ifji=k la- ,uvkbZvks,l@lfp@,l,l,l@2010 ds rgr
enjlksa vkSj edrcksa dks 5000@& :i, ds çR;k;u 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku djus ij NwV çnku dh gS
vkSj çR;k;u ds fu;eksa esa fj;k;r çnku dh gSA
✦ ,lihD;wabZ,e ;kstuk dks ykxw djus ds fy,] fnukad 30-11-2010 dks ifji=k la- ,uvkbZvks,l@
lfpo@57okbZch@2010 tkjh fd;k x;k gS ftlesa ,uvkbZvks,l ikB~;Øeksa esa enjlksa ds ekè;e ls
ukekafdr eqfLye f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks 'kqYd ls iw.kZ NwV çnku dh xbZ gSA
✦ vYila[;d laLFkkvksa ds fy, çR;k;u fu;eksa esa Hkh NwV çnku dh xbZ gSA
✦ enjlksa ds fy, fujh{k.k lfefr esa vYiela[;d leqnk; ds ,d fo'ks"kK dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k
x;k gSA
✦ fofHkUu jkT; enjlk f'k{kk cksMks± }kjk çnku fd, tk jgs iQksdkfu;k vkSj ekSyoh ikB~; Øeksa dks
,uvkbZvks,l }kjk pyk;s tk jgs Øe'k% ekè;fed vkSj mPprj ekè;fed ikB~; Øeksa ds led{k
vfèklwfpr fd;k x;k gSA
✦ ,lihD;w; b,e ;kstuk ds varxZr] enjls@edrc@nkj&my&mywe ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed Lrj
ds dk;ZØe pykus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ds çR;kf;r vè;;u dsUæ cu ldrs gSaA enjls tks
fiNys rhu o"kks± ls vfLrRo esa gSa vkSj dsU æ ;k jkT; ljdkj vfèkfu;eksa ;k enjlk cksMks± ;k
oDiQj cksMZ ;k ,uvkbZvks,l ds varxZr iathÑr gSa] os bl dk;ZØe ds varxZr lgk;rk ds fy,
vkosnu djus gsrq ik=k gSaA pwafd ;gka dsoy vkB enjlk cksMZ gSa blfy, vU; jkT;ksa ds enjlksa
dks tgka enjlk cksMZ ugha gS ;g lqfoèkk miyCèk djkus ds fy,] vuqnku lgk;rk lfefr dh
cSBd esa fy, x, fu.kZ; ds vuqlkj ,ulh,ebZvkbZ }kjk ftu laLFkkuksa dks vYila[;ud ntkZ çnku
fd;k x;k gS mUgsas Hkh çR;k;u çnku fd;k tk,xkA
✦ csgrj le> çnku djus ds fy, mnZw ekè;e miyCèk djk;k x;k gSA
✦ funZs'kksa ds csgrj laçs"k.k ds fy, foojf.kdk mnZw Hkk"kk esa eqfær dh x;h gSA
✦ vYila[;d çdks’ dk fooj.k ,uvkbZvks,l dh osclkbV ij miyCèk gSA bl •aM esa çR;k;u
fLFkfr] ckj&ckj iwNs tkus okys ç'u vkfn ds fo"k; esa lHkh egRoiw.kZ lwpuk miyCèk gSA
✦ lHkh egRoiw.kZ lwpuk,¡ mnZw lekpkj i=kksa esa çdkf'kr dh tkrh gSaA
✦ vYiela[;d laLFkkvksa ds çR;k;u dh çfØ;k esa rhozrk ykus ds fy, fo'ks"k çR;k;u lykgdkj
lfefr dh cSBd dk vk;kstu djukA
✦ vkosnd laLFkkvksa@enjlksa dks v|ru lwpuk miyCèk djkus ds fy, çR;k;u dh fLFkfr dks
osclkbV ij fn;k tkrk gSA
✦ f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa vkSj laLFkkvksa ds fy, vDlj iwNs tkus okys ç'u osclkbV ij fn;s x, gSaA
✦ ,ulh,ebZvkbZ }kjk ftu enjlksa dks vYisla[Õd dk ntZk fn;k x;k gs mudh çkslsflax iQhl dks
lekIr djus ds fy, fnukad 26-03-2013 dks vfèklwpuk la- ,iQ&24@10&4@,uvkbZvks,l@
,l,l,l&,elsy@,lihD;wbZ,e Hkh tkjh fd;k x;k gSA
✦ enjlk ds f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds ekeys esa vkWiQykbZu iQkeks± dh çfØ;k esa yxus okys le;] laHkor%
ftlds dkj.k vè;;u lkexzh dh vkiwfrZ nsj ls gksrh gS] dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, ,uvkbZvks,l us
muds enjlksa ds ekè;e ls ,sls f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks vè;;u lkexzh dh vkiwfrZ dk fu.kZ; fy;k gS vkSj
lkFk gh enjlksa dks ;g funZs'k fn;k gS fd os bl vè;;u lkexzh dks iathÑr f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks lkSai
nsaA bl lacaèk esa fnukad 24-12-2013 dh vfèklwpuk la- 26-3@,uvkbZvks,l@,l,l,l@ih, tkjh
dh xbZ
29
179. ,lihD;wbZ,e esa ,uvkbZvks,l D;k Hkwfedk vnk dj jgk gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l ds ekè;e ls ekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; esa 26 iQjojh 2009 dks enjlksa esa
xq.koÙkkiw.kZ f'k{kk çnku djus dh ;kstuk (,lihD;wbZ,e) vkjaHk dh xbZ FkhA ,lihD;wsbZ,e dh dsUæh;
vuqnku lgk;rk lfefr dh igyh cSBd o"kZ 2010&11 esa lfpo] ,lbZ ,aM ,y] ekuo lalkèku
fodkl ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj dh vè;{krk esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ Fkh ftlesa ,lihD;wbZ,e dk;ZØe ij
,uvkbZvks,l ds ;ksxnku ls lacafèkr fo"k;ksa ij ppZk dh xbZ vkSj lS¼kafrd :i ls fuEufyf•r ckrksa
ij lgefr O;Dr dh xbZ%
✦ ,uvkbZvks,l viuh çR;kf;r laLFkkvksa ds :i esa enjlksa dks rc çR;k;u çnku djsaxs tc
enjls jkT; enjlk cksMZ@jkT; ds oDiQ cksMZ ls ekU;rk d gksaxs vkSj muds ikl nloha vkSj
ckjgoha ds Lrlj ij ,uvkbZvks,l ds ikB~;Øeksa ds lapkyu dh lqfoèkk,a miyCèk gksaxhA
✦ ,uvkbZvks,l ds fu.kZ; ds vuql kj bu enjlksa ls ,deq'rj çR;k;u 'kqYds ugha fy;k tk,xkA
✦ ,uvkbZvks,l mu enjlksa ds ekè;e ls ukekafdr f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa ls fdlh çdkj dk ços'k 'kqYd
;k ijh{kk 'kqYd ugha ysxkA ,uvkbZvks,l bl ij fd, x, O;; dh çfriwfrZ gsrq ,uvkbZvks,l
ds nks fHkUu pØksa esa o"kZ esa nks ckj ekuo lalkèku ea=kky; ls çfriwfrZ dk nkok çLrqr djsxkA
180. ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk fdlh çdkj ds laLFkkuksa dks çR;kf;r fd;k tkrk gS\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l mu laLFkkauksa dks çR;k;u çnku djrk gS tks ,uvkbZvks,l eqDr csfld f'k{kk
(vkschbZ) dk;ZØe] O;kolkf;d dk;ZØe rFkk 'kSf{kd dk;ZØe pykuk pkgrs gSaA
181. vkschbZ dk;ZØe pykus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ls çR;k;u izkIr djus dh bPNqd laLFkkvksa ds
fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;kk gSa\
mÙkqj% f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa dksbZ ,uthvks@iat hÑr lkslkbVh@VªLV ftls rhu o"kZ dk vuqHko gks og
vkschbZ dk;ZØe çnku djus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l dk vè;;u dsUæ cuus gsrq vkosnu dj ldrk gSA
vkschbZ dk;ZØe pykus okys vè;;u dsU æ çR;kf;r ,tsafl;ka (,,) dgykrs gSaA
182. O;kolkf;d dk;ZØe pykus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çR;k;u izk Ir djus dh bPNqd laLFkkvksa
ds fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;k gSa\
mÙkj% O;kolkf;d f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa dksbZ ,uthvks@iathÑr lkslkbVh@VªLV ftls rhu o"kZ dk vuqHko gks
og O;kolkf;d f'k{kk dk;ZØe çnku djus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l dk vè;;u dsUæ cuus gsrq vkosnu
dj ldrk gSA O;kolkf;d f'k{kk dk;ZØe pykus okys vè;;u dsUæksa dks çR;kf;r O;kolkf;d laLFkku
(,ohvkbZ) ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
183. 'kSf{kd dk;ZØe pykus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çR;k;u izkIr djus dh bPNqd laLFkkvksa ds
fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;k gSa\
mÙkj% fdlh jk‘ªh;@jkT; cksMZ ls lac¼ dksbZ Ldwy 'kSf{kd dk;ZØeksa ;Fkk d{kk X rFkk d{kk XII dh
f'k{kk çnku djus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ds vè;;u dsUæ ds fy, vkosnu dj ldrk gSA 'kSf{kd
dk;ZØeksa dks pykus okys vè;;u dsanzksa dks çR;kf;r laLFkku (,vkbZ ) ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
184. D;k ,uvkbZvks,l enjlksa dks Hkh çR;k;u çnku djrk gS\
mÙkj% th gkaA ,uvkbZvks,l enjlksa dks xq.koÙkkiw.kZ f'k{kk çnku djus dh ;kst uk ds rgr çR;k;u
çnku dj jgk gSA
185. ,uvkbZvks,l ls çR;k;u izkIr djus ds fy, enjlksa ds fy, ;ksX;rk ekunaM D;k gSa\
mÙkj% ,lihD;wb,e ;kst uk ds varxZr] enjls@edrc@nj&my&mywe ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed Lrj
ds dk;ZØe pykus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ds çR;kf;r vè;;u dsUæ cu ldrs gSaA
30
(i)
enjls tks fiNys rhu o"kks± ls vfLrRo esa gSa vkSj dsUæ ;k jkT; ljdkj vfèkfu;eksa ;k
enjlk cksMks± ;k oDiQ cksMks± ;k ,uvkbZvks,l ds varxZr iathÑr gSa] os bl dk;ZØe ds
varxZr lgk;rk ds fy, vkosnu ds ik=k gSaA
(ii)
pwafd ;gka dsoy vkB enjlk cksMZ gSa blfy, vU; jkT;ksas ds enjlksa dks tgka enjlk cksMZ
ugha gS] ;g lqfoèkk miyCèk djkus ds fy, vuqnku lgk;rk lfefr dh cSBd esa fy, x,
fu.kZ; ds vuqlkj ,ulh,ebZvkbZ }kjk ftu laLFkkuksa dks vYila[;d ntZk çnku fd;k x;k gS
mUgsa Hkh çR;k;u çnku fd;k tk,xkA
(iii) blds vfrfjDr fuEufyf•r dks iwjk djus okys enjlksa ds çR;k;u ij Hkh fopkj fd;k
tk,xk%&
(d)
enjls@n:y&mye ftudh Lora=k igpku gS vkSj os ekSyoh] vkt+eh vkSj iSQft+y
ikB~;Øe pyk jgs gSaA
(•)
ftuds ikl vkoklh; lqfoèkk,a miyCèk gSaA
(x)
tks rhu o"kZ iqjkus iat hÑr lkslkbVh ;k VªLV gSaA
(?k)
vYila[;d laLFkkvksa ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk fuèkZkfjr ,uvkbZvks,l ds ikB~;Øe
pykus ds fy, U;wure lajpukxr lqfoèkk,a gks (tSls ç;ksx'kkyk] iqLrdky; vkfn)
fdUrq d{kkvksa dh okafNr la[;k, lkekU; Js.kh dh laLFkkvksa ds fy, fuèkZkfjr la[;k
ls 50» gks ldrh gSA
(Ä)
blds ikB~; Øe mPp rj vè;;u ds fy, vU; laLFkkuksa ls ekU;rk izkIr gksaA
186. enjlksa lfgr vYila[;d laLFkkvksa dks çR;k;u izkIr djus ds fy, vkosnu fdl irs ij
Hkstuk gksxk\
mÙkj% vkosnu funs'kd (fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,¡)] jk‘ªh; eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkku] ,&24@25]
lsDVj&62] uks,Mk dks Hkstuk gksxkA
31
vè;k;&11
{ks=kh; dsUnzksa ,oa vè;;u dsUnzksa esa lgk;rk lsok,¡
187. ,vkbZ D;k gSA
188.
189.
190.
191.
mÙkj% çR;kf;r laLFkk,a (,vkbZ) ;k vè;;u dsUæ os laLFkk@Ldwy gSa ftUgsa fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,a çnku
djus ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk çkfèkÑr fd;k x;k gSA
,vkbZ }kjk dkSu lh lqfoèkk,a miyCèk djkbZ tkrh gSa\
mÙkj% çR;kf;r laLFkk f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks ços'k] ijh{kk rFkk vè;;u lkexzh vkfn ls lacafèkr fuEufy[kr
lgk;rk miyCèk djkrs gSaA lkFk gh ,uvkbZvks,l ds fu;eksa ds vuqlkj O;fDrxr laidZ dk;ZØe
(ihlhih) dk vk;kstu Hkh ,vkbZ ds }kjk djk;k tkrk gS %
(d) fuèkZkfjr ewY;k ij foojf.kdk tkjh djukA
(•) ,uvkbZvks,l ds ekunaMksa ds vuqlkj 30 ihlhih vk;ksftr djuk vkSj ,uvkbZvks,l }kjk
fuèkZkfjr vuqlkj çk;ksfxd l=kksa dk vk;kstu djukA
(x) f'k{kd vafdr ewY;kadu dk;Z (Vh,e,) dk ewY;ka du
(?k) ikB~;Øe ls lacafèkr leL;kvksa@ç'uksa ds lekèkku ds fy, ijke'kZ djukA
(Ä) fo"k;(fo"k;ksa) esa ifjorZu ;k vfrfjDr fo"k;ksa ds fy, vkosnu Lohdkj djuk o mls
,uvkbZvks,l ds {ks=kh; dsU æ dks Hkst ukA
(p) 'kqYd ds Hkqxrku dh frfFk;ksa] ijh{kk dh frfFk;ksa] ijh{kk dsUæ rFkk vU; egRoiw.kZ lwpuk
miyCèk djkukA
(N) lkoZtfud ijh{kkvksa ds ifj.kke çnf'kZr djukA
(t) ijh{kk iQkeZ vkSj ijh{kk 'kqYd Lohdkj djukA
D;k ços'k izkIr djus ds le; vè;;u dsU æ dk p;u djuk vfuok;Z gS\
mÙkj% gka] fofHkUu lgk;rk lsok,a izkIr djus ds fy, ços'k ds le; ,uvkbZvks,l ds vè;;u dsUæ
dk p;u djuk vfuok;Z gSA
D;k eSa viuk vè;;u dsUæ cny ldrk gwa\
mÙkj% th gka] ,uvkbZvks,l ds fu;eksa ds vuqlkj lacafèkr {ks=kh; dsUæ dks oSèk dkj.k nsdj rFkk
oSèk nLrkost çLrqr djds rFkk visf{kr 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku djds vè;;u dsUæ esa ifjorZu fd;k
tk ldrk gSA
,uvkbZvks,l ds {ks=kh; dsUæksa esa D;k lsok,a miyCèk djkbZ tk jgh gSa\
mÙkj% ,uvkbZvks,l ds {ks=kh; dsUæksa esa fuEufyf•r lsok,a miyCèk djkbZ tk jgh gSa%
(d) ços'k ds fy, vkosnu izkIr fd, tkrs gSa vkSj mudh iqf‘ dh tkrh gSA
(•) ;ksX; f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa dks igpku i=k tkjh fd, tkrs gSaA
(x) lkoZtfud vkSj tc pkgks rc ijh{kk ds fy, ijh{kk iQkWeZ vkSj 'kqYd izkIr fd;k tkrk gSA
(?k) dk;ZØe ds vuqlkj lkoZtfud vkSj tc pkgks rc ijh{kk,a vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSaA
(Ä) f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks vad rkfydk vkSj igpkui=k tkjh fd, tkrs gSaA
(p) fo"k; esa ifjorZu djus] vè;;u dsUæ o ijh{kk dsUæ esa ifjorZu djus] MqfIydsV nLrkost+
tkjh djus ds vuqjksèk vkSj f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dh f'kdk;rksa vkfn ij dkjZokbZ djukA
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vè;k;&12
D;k djsa o D;k u djsa
192. vkosnu iQkWeZ esa fn, x, funZs'kksa dks è;kuiwoZd i<+s fcuk vkosnu iQkWeZ u HkjsaA
193. ços'k ds vkosnu iQkWeZ esa fdlh Hkh dkWye dks •kyh u NksM+saA
194. ços'k ds fy, lgk;d nLrksostksa ds fcuk vkosnu iQkWeZ tek u djk,aA
195. vçkfèkÑr ,tsafl;ksa ds >kals esa u vk,a tks Hkzfer djds vkidh liQyrk dh xkjaVh nsrs gSaA
196. ços'k ds fy, vkosnu iQkWeZ esa mfYyf•r fuèkZkfjr 'kqY d ds vfrfjfDr fdlh dks Hkh ços'k ;k ijh{kk
ds fy, vfrfjDr jkf'k dk Hkqxrku u djsaA
197. çR;sd fo"k; esa O;fDrxr laidZ dk;ZØeksa (ihlhih) dks u NksM+sa ftls lHkh ,vkbZ vfuok;Z :i
ls miyCèk djkrs gSaA
198. ijh{kk ds nkSjku fdUgha vuqfpr lkèkuksa tSls udy djuk] vius LFkku ij fdlh vkSj dks cSBkuk]
esa fyIr u gksaA
199. vkosnu tek djrs le; ,l,e,l ,yVZ ds fy, viuk oSèk bZ&esy vkbZMh vkSj eksckby uacj nsaA
200. vius vè;;u dsUæ esa f'k{kd vafdr ewY;kadu dk;Z le; ij tek djk,a vkSj fo"k; ds f'k{kd
ls iQhMcSd izkIr djsaA
201. igpku i=k Hksts tkus ds le; {ks=kh; dsUæksa@,uvkbZvks,l }kjk Hksts x;k Lokxr i=k i<+saA
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vè;k;&13
mPprj f'k{kk ds fy, ijke'kZ
202. D;k eSa mPprj ekè;fed ikB~;Øe dks iwjk djus ds i'pkr vkxs i<+kbZ dj ldrk gw¡\
mÙkj% ;fn vki mPprj vè;;u ds fy, ,uvkbZvks,l ds çek.ki=k dk ç;ksx djuk pkgrs gSa rks ;g
vkids fgr esa gksxk fd vki bl ckr dks è;ku esa j•sa fd ,uvkbZvks,l ls ekè;fed@mPprj ekè;fed
ikB~; Øe dks mÙkh.kZ djus ds i'pkr vki ftl cksMZ@fo'ofo|ky; esa tkuk pkgrs gSa mldh vko';drk,¡
D;k gSaA oqQN cksMZ@fo'ofo|ky; ços'k ds fy, muds }kjk ekfur laLFkkuksa ls fof'k‘ fo"k; la;kstu dh ekax
djrs gSa tSlk fd ,uvkbZvks,l dh foojf.kdk esa mYys• fd;k x;k gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] fpfdRlk
ikB~; Øe ds fy,] ik=krk ekunaM ;g gS fd vkids ckjgoha esa eq[; fo"k; ds :i esa vaxzsth lfgr jlk;u
'kkL=k] HkkSfrdh vkSj thofoKku@tSo rduhdh fo"k;ksa esa mÙkh.kZ gksuk pkfg,A f'k{kkFkhZ tks ,uvkbZvks,l dh
nloha d{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gksus ds i'pkr ckjgoha esa vkSipkfjd f'k{kk izkIr djuk pkgrs gSa os mu fo"k;
la;kstuksa (vko';drk vuqlkj 5 ;k 6 fo"k;ksa es)a dk p;u dj ldrs gSa tks ,uvkbZvks,l ds vfèkdkjksa
ds çfr HksnHkko fd, fcuk ml vkSipkfjd Ldwy cksM Z }kjk X;kjgoha d{kk ds fy, Lohdk;Z gksA rFkkfi]
,uvkbZvks,l çek.ki=k vU; jk"Vªh; vkSj jkT; cksMks± }kjk oSèk] ekU;rkizkIr vkSj muds led{k gSaA
203. D;k ,d çek.ki=k f'k{kkFkhZ fofHkUu çfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa esa Hkkx ys ldrs gSa\
mÙkj% th gka os ys ldrs gSaA ,uvkbZvks,l f'k{kkFkhZ fofHkUu çfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa esa Hkkx ys ldrs gSAa rFkkfi]
os ;ksX;rk ekunaMksa tSls vk;q] fof'k"V fo"k;ksa dh vis{kkvks]a U;wure vad çfr'kr vkfn dks vo'; iwjk
djrs gksaA
34
vf/d tkudkjh
,uvkbZvks,l vius f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa vkSj vU; LVsd èkkjdksa dks okafNr vkSj lgh lwp uk çnku djus esa vR;ar rRij gSA
rnuqlkj] f'k{kkfFkZ; ksa vkSj vU; LVsd èkkjdksa }kjk iwNs x, ç'uksa ds vkèkkj ij vDlj iwNs tkus okys ç'uksa dh
iqfLrdk rS; kj dh xbZ gSA Hkfo"; eas bls lHkh lacafèkrksa }kjk tkudkjh ds vkèkkj ij v|ru fd;k tk,xkA
vr% ;fn dksbZ] lEcfUèkr O;fDr bl iqfLrdk esa nh xbZ tkudkjh ds vfrfjDr dksbZ vU; tkudkjh izkIr djuk
pkgrs gSa rks] fuEufyf•r iQkWeZ Hkjsa vkSj funs'kd (fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,¡) dks fuEufyf•r irs ij Hkstsa%&
O;fDr dk uke %
irk %
okafNr tkudkjh
Hkstus dk irk
funs'kd
(fo|kFkhZ lgk;rk lsok,¡ foHkkx)
jk"Vªh; eqDr fo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkku
,&24&25] baLVhV~;w'kuy ,fj;k] lsDVj&62]
XkkSre cq¼ uxj] uks,Mk&201309] m-iz-
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