Energy and Environment
National Science Foundation
Directorate for Engineering
Judy Raper and Usha Varshney
Outline
 Global
need
 NSF investments
 Engineering Directorate
 Programs and initiatives
 Typical projects
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Daily Oil Production
Source:
Chicago Tribune
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Daily Oil Consumption
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Energy Demand
An Escalating Concern
Billion Metric Tons
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Energy consumption
has soared over the
past 50 years, tripling
in the United States,
and demand is
predicted to escalate.
Global energy
consumption in 2004
averaged 14.5
terawatts. By the year
2030 that consumption
is expected to increase
to 23 terawatts.
Energy Consumption by Fuel
1980-2030, DOE Annual Energy Outlook 2006
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NSF Investments
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From $20 million in FY 2003, to $53 million in FY 2005
FY05 Investments
 Individual Principal Investigators (19)
 Multidisciplinary teams, NIRT (14)
 Centers (2)
 CalTech - Materials Science and Hydrogen
Storage
 University of South Carolina - Fuel Cell Research
 Major facilities and instrumentation (16)
 Education grants (11)
 SBIR/STTR (39)
 CAREER (24)
 GOALI (6)
 SGER (15)
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ENG: Energy Related Programs and PDs
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Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental &
Transport Processes (CBET)
 Environmental Sustainability (Cindy Lee)
 Energy for Sustainability (Vacant)
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Civil, Mechanical,& Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI)
 Geoenvironmental and Geohazard Mitigation (Rick
Fragaszy)
 Service Enterprise Engineering (Matthew Realff)
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Electrical, Communications & Cyber Systems (ECCS)
 Power and Energy Systems and Networks (Vacant)
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Future Impact
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Continue to Support Proposals for Alternative Energy
 Environment Friendly
 Reduce Air Pollution
 Cost Effective
 Monetary
 Planetary
Power and Energy Systems and Networks
 Interdependencies of Power and Energy on Critical
Infrastructures
 Power Drives
Sustainable Energy Production
 Solar: new materials, devices, systems and
manufacturing processes for photovoltaics
 Wind: fundamental understanding of wind with the
blade structure
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Future Impact
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Sustainable Energy Production (continued)
 Hydrogen: hydrogen from biomass
 Renewable and Alternate Energy Sources
Fuel Cells
 Low temperature systems: new membrane
materials for increased durability
 High temperature systems: new solid
electrolyte materials
Paradigm Shift on Energy Use
 Education
 Incentives
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Typical Projects and Ideas
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Multiple Power Converter Systems
Hydrogen-Electric Power Park
Solar Powered Cell Tower
Generator
Benny D. Freeman, UT Austin
Ocean Electric Energy Extraction
Multiple-Dye Luminescent Solar
Concentrators
Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Solar-Thermal-Electric Power
Umit S. Ozkan, Ohio State U
Generation
Reverse Selective Membrane for
Hydrogen Purification
Cathodic Reaction in PEM Fuel
Cells
New Sorbents for Ultrapurification
of Transportation Fuels
Ralph T. Yang, U Michigan
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Questions
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