For Release: Tuesday, June 03, 2014
14-935-SAN
WESTERN INFORMATION OFFICE: San Francisco, Calif.
Technical information: (415) 625-2270 [email protected]
Media contact:
(415) 625-2270
www.bls.gov/regions/west
Occupational Employment and Wages in Salinas, May 2013
Workers in the Salinas Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $20.44 in May
2013, about 8 percent below the nationwide average of $22.33, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics. Regional Commissioner Richard J. Holden noted that, after testing for statistical significance,
wages in the local area were significantly higher than their respective national averages in 11 of the 22
major occupational groups, including protective service; healthcare practitioners and technical; and life,
physical, and social science. Six groups had significantly lower wages than their respective national
averages, including arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media; legal; and management.
When compared to the nationwide distribution, local employment was more highly concentrated in 4 of the
22 occupational groups, including education, training, and library; and food preparation and serving related.
Conversely, 14 groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including
office and administrative support, production, and business and financial operations. (See table A and box
note at end of release.)
Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and the Salinas
Metropolitan Statistical Area, and measures of statistical significance, May 2013
Percent of total employment
Major occupational group
Total, all occupations .............................................
Management .....................................................
Business and financial operations.....................
Computer and mathematical .............................
Architecture and engineering ............................
Life, physical, and social science ......................
Community and social services.........................
Legal..................................................................
Education, training, and library..........................
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media.
Healthcare practitioner and technical ................
Healthcare support ............................................
Protective service ..............................................
Food preparation and serving related ...............
Building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance......................................................
Personal care and service.................................
Sales and related ..............................................
Office and administrative support......................
Farming, fishing, and forestry............................
Note: See footnotes at end of table.
United States
Mean hourly wage
Salinas
United States
Salinas
Percent
difference (1)
100.0%
4.9
5.0
2.8
1.8
0.9
1.4
0.8
6.3
1.3
5.8
3.0
2.5
9.0
100.0%
4.0*
3.0*
1.4*
0.5*
0.9
1.3
0.5*
8.1*
1.5
4.1*
2.2*
2.8*
9.8*
$22.33
53.15
34.14
39.43
38.51
33.37
21.50
47.89
24.76
26.72
35.93
13.61
20.92
10.38
$20.44*
50.43*
34.92
39.98
37.22
39.63*
25.32*
42.08*
27.49
20.69*
42.68*
15.84*
31.49*
11.56*
-8
-5
2
1
-3
19
18
-12
11
-23
19
16
51
11
3.2
3.5
12.51
15.07*
20
3.0
10.6
16.2
0.3
2.1*
8.9*
12.8*
18.3*
11.88
18.37
16.78
11.70
13.50*
16.89*
18.07*
9.71*
14
-8
8
-17
Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and the Salinas
Metropolitan Statistical Area, and measures of statistical significance, May 2013 - Continued
Percent of total employment
Major occupational group
Construction and extraction...............................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ................
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
United States
Mean hourly wage
Salinas
3.8
3.9
6.6
6.8
United States
2.3*
2.8*
3.4*
5.9*
21.94
21.35
16.79
16.28
Salinas
Percent
difference (1)
24.92*
23.37*
16.58
14.96*
14
9
-1
-8
Footnotes:
(1) A positive percent difference measures how much the mean wage in Salinas is above the national mean wage, while a negative difference
reflects a lower wage.
* The percent share of employment or mean hourly wage for this area is significantly different from the national average of all areas at the 90percent confidence level.
One occupational group—food preparation and serving related—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of
data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Salinas had 15,210 jobs in food preparation
and serving related, accounting for 9.8 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 9.0percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $11.56,
measurably above the national wage of $10.38.
Some of the largest detailed occupations within the food preparation and serving related group included
waiters and waitresses (3,130), combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food (2,550),
and food preparation workers (1,750). Among the higher paying jobs were chefs and head cooks, and
institution and cafeteria cooks, with mean hourly wages of $26.19 and $18.50, respectively. At the lower
end of the wage scale were fast food cooks ($8.97) and dishwashers ($9.54). (Detailed occupational data for
food preparation and serving related are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations
available go to www.bls.gov/oes/2013/may/oes_41500.htm.)
Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the
composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location
quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it
does nationally. In the Salinas Metropolitan Statistical Area, above average concentrations of employment
were found in many of the occupations within the food preparation and serving related group. For instance,
dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers were employed at 2.1 times the national rate in
Salinas, and food preparation workers, at 1.8 times the U.S. average. On the other hand, restaurant cooks
had a location quotient of 1.0 in Salinas, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national
employment shares were similar.
These statistics are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative
program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the California Employment Development
Department.
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Note
OES wage and employment data for the 22 major occupational groups in the Salinas metropolitan
statistical area were compared to their respective national averages based on statistical significance
testing. Only those occupations with wages or employment shares above or below the national wage or
share after testing for significance at the 90-percent confidence level meet the criteria.
NOTE: A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference
has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make
confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference
between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the
size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested.
Technical Note
The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual mail survey measuring occupational
employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States.
Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands are also surveyed, but their data are not included in the national
estimates. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Forms are
mailed to approximately 200,000 sampled establishments in May and November each year for a 3-year
period. May 2013 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected in May 2013,
November 2012, May 2012, November 2011, May 2011, and November 2010. The overall national
response rate for the six panels is 75.3 percent based on establishments and 71.6 percent based on
employment. The sample in the Salinas Metropolitan Statistical Area included 1,678 establishments with a
response rate of 76 percent. For more information about OES concepts and methodology, go to
www.bls.gov/news.release/ocwage.tn.htm.
The OES survey provides estimates of employment and hourly and annual wages for wage and salary
workers in 22 major occupational groups and 821 detailed occupations for the nation, states, metropolitan
statistical areas, metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas. In addition, employment and wage
estimates for 94 minor groups and 458 broad occupations are available in the national data. OES data by
state and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area are available from www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and
www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm , respectively.
The May 2013 OES estimates are based on the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system
and the 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Information about the 2010 SOC is
available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc and information about the 2012 NAICS is available at
www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm .
Area definitions
The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S.
Office of Management and Budget.
The Salinas, Calif. Metropolitan Statistical Area includes Monterey County.
Additional information
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OES data are available on our regional web page at www.bls.gov/ro9/home.htm. Answers to frequently
asked questions about the OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical
information about the OES survey is available in our Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS
website at www.bls.gov/oes/2013/may/methods_statement.pdf. Information in this release will be made
available to sensory impaired individuals upon request – Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: 1-800-877-8339.
4
Table 1. Employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey, by occupation,
Salinas Metropolitan Statistical Area, May 2013
Occupation (1)
Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations ...
Chefs and Head Cooks ............................................
First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and
Serving Workers .......................................................
Cooks, Fast Food .....................................................
Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria ...............................
Cooks, Restaurant....................................................
Cooks, Short Order ..................................................
Food Preparation Workers .......................................
Bartenders................................................................
Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers,
Including Fast Food..................................................
Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession,
and Coffee Shop ......................................................
Waiters and Waitresses............................................
Food Servers, Nonrestaurant ...................................
Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and
Bartender Helpers ....................................................
Dishwashers.............................................................
Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and
Coffee Shop..............................................................
Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All
Other ........................................................................
Employment
Level
(2)
Location quotient
Mean wages
(3)
Annual(4)
Hourly
15,210
220
1.1
1.8
$11.56
26.19
$24,040
54,480
900
0.9
17.38
36,150
1,030
300
1,270
190
1,750
680
1.7
0.6
1.0
1.0
1.8
1.1
8.97
18.50
12.72
12.20
9.95
12.76
18,650
38,470
26,460
25,370
20,700
26,550
2,550
0.7
9.94
20,680
440
0.8
10.20
21,220
3,130
450
1.1
1.6
11.40
13.27
23,710
27,600
980
2.1
10.40
21,620
850
1.5
9.54
19,840
320
0.8
10.35
21,530
(5)
(5)
11.45
23,820
Footnotes:
(1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in Salinas, CA, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_41500.htm.
(2) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not
include self-employed workers.
(3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient
greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the
occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
(4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a ‘year-round, full-time’ hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those
occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(5) Estimate not released.
5