!"#%$&
'(
*)+-,/.+0#1
24365879:<;<5>=@?BADCFE
AHGI<58J
K*LNMPORQTS"UVLNMWLXZY\[ML]^[_X`LN]bacdeSfLN]`gOh[jilkPmnX^OoX^pqX`SL_r+s<SutwvPkqLNQTLNg_a
x X^Qh[_k>X^[qcd"SuLN]bgNOh[zy{NyNy8|H}l{8|~N{j x
S}
[ORQm^[vPL8"tftg8[_X`Sutwv
SuPp
jnH@H_HHH¡ ¢u6
£ ¤f@nb¥¦n4¥§4fH&jH&bf6
¨HbH£b¤/©ªDD³b> (« w¬h¡´j¯¥ ¤nH ¤µ¶H¯³® n° fH¨ HD¯±bD¯f ¢f² °
©f (wu©b°8·ª©b©f"HªH¡ ¤Hn
¸e_DD4b£`¹HDDHb (H«º¬h»f(nn
© ¨ e_w¸H¤H¼fnb¸¯_6u"ªHNHwb
©ª_½¾ ¤DDn¹£¿fDbÀÁnµ§©nºHÂbw£f
z©bw_4¦ÃH¦%Änu"DD
¤w·n ¤bf ų¬Æ£¼8n<T«£°8Ç`ÈÈÉH° ¬Æ¼8¯<R«°ÊËfËHÇw°
ÌBn£ªbH8ÎÍ<µ£T°8ÇbÈÈÏf°¶Ð+Ñn§H¢¯<R«°ÊËfË˰
Ð+Ñn§H¢¯<R«°ÊËfËfÊu°ÌBb©HÑf°DÊËËfËÒl«
H@ÓÔbÕÖØ×nÙÚÛ¯Ü(Ý fVÞ_©»uHª¯`
±ß\`ÂÂß\f£ ¤b¥Å6ÇbÈÇÇ^Òl«à¨
Hná6ªDbáªD²
¤nªn£H§nFw£bf ¨ H¤¯®Dn£b¯HDnB£
_bnn·£Hµâ»Hb£ÎH£`»ãb¥§¼£µânD²
¹â³nb£Hµ±n_¹£ÄH ¨ fHµH§n«
Hn4DnÞHHÓÔbÕÖ¹×nÙÚHÛnÜ¤ÝØf©ªH ¤Hn
HDDe( ¤HnPHªHo¯HDD
Åoß<b_ß< ¤bb°8ÇbÈHÇfÇnÒl«
äPb_qH\ ¤f©Wfnb©Hµ-Hn6H\DD
n (Î_w£§H¢©§(HªD¤nzZ ¤DD£Þb
¹¯®bD`¹D ¢§n£¡£·b¡H¢n
¤«åª»¯®b©_bV<µµfnb¤¢H+ª
H_¯bDæ6`l穪_q¯Hbb°^ ¤nun°w_
§@ÅR
£b ¢b (H°8Ç`ÈèȰ¢¬Æ£¼8¯<R«°8ÇbÈfÈÉÒ¯«é
uª_n°
HH¹n (e§¢H¤bØ¡f ¢§nª²
£`n«B¬Æ©`8°Hflªç_fªHHb\HnnÎfÎH
£unD`ª©qHDDZ_\»Hn®n8D²
æ6b¯\©fHbZ¢H-_DDf«
¬h"f_bn&©ªµµ`6b@H¡HH££6@H
_DD¡Hn (H§^Îf£(¡H»nêuªH§£fj
_b^·£fÅoß<bfß\ ¤bb°>ÇbÈÇÇw°ä£>°Ç`ÈÈfëÒl«
ìbnnu»©ªH£`(^·eH ¨ _wVHZZ£_Dn`H
nf©¥Åo¬Æ¼>¯<R«°8ÇbÈfÈɰ-ÌBn£ª_nH8_Í<µ£T°8ÇbÈfÈuÏf°
ÌBn>_»íf£¯©R°ÊËËfËÒl«À¬Æ¼\¯T«@H`
(nfêuªH ¤H¼fnZZ¯n·fD§6u<fDæ6b¯ª©HµZ
¼¢`¯D`"¢£jl£·£6"H¤ ¤H¼fn
_n³°uDªH£Hµ_°f(wãnufª«P
Hb¢D§¯w·b`
µf<ªH _bBFH ¤NHnªfn°Dn£·¢·u§ª
"¯£¤© ªHR°Nw-_`\nDDH¢Hb ¤
BHZÅo¬Æ¼>¯\T«°>ÇbÈfÈÉÒl«ÌB¯³¤fª¤H
`¯bD·¸ÞbÅoì\íÒ\PH`©-nªH ¨ bnnub`
ªH_H>«<î<ªHµVqª©f°_ b·n`°DH¢²
(wu©bZì\í6^b»H ¤-HªD¨H·ªçì\í
¨Bf¸Vn£wn·bbH"-¯®Dn£ªH¤D`»H(fnb¯f`£¤H££¸bHµ¡n« BH(¼f
H§V ¤DD£Þ_n4+e·ª`¯bD·Þb§
¢£`H¢£ ¤(Pªµf¢-nD£_
ª_f-H£unu-\ªHufR«çï4HnH ¢fH¼b
©fHb¢ª£Hµ+H
T°fn·fn¤¯u£ªH`+§H
¨ £HfªDBª_©Hµ¢`°DH+·ªNì<íØ¯ffflb(f¼
¤+Åo¬Æ¼>¯\R«°>ÇbÈfÈÉÒ¯«z¬Æâ³£ ¨ ²hªH¹©ªH
HW ¤fH¼b ¨ 8Hn·fnu`+³f ÀH£b¯f©b·Hµ
fl£fW¤£_6b ¨ µ·n¤³bbD_¼fHHfªHµ
zb ¤n£ (µfÎHæ6b¯bâ4j·Hn¡ ¤H£fb«4¬Æ
H§+bH¤·u§ªPì\íWH¢H ¢DHçnªH ¨
æ6blb»u¢H-·Db(nbn¡Å³¬Æ£¼8¯<R«°_ÊËËHÇnÒ¯«
H§\©ªDDn ¤f6`
Hb£ ¤£_V`©ªB³<
n ¤HªDw£f_ ¢DDb_>-f__DD(Hn (VÅRì\ÌåHÒ
wje¯®b©H££6ºHnbe£ ¤"¥eH£²
f£fµ§n+µ_«á
¤DDn¸§b¥*¥n®§©©²
Hµ ¢DDbÞ_©D`n_`(¢ðe©VåDµªHH¯
Å©ÇbÈfÈfñÒ¯«ç
H§P ¤DDn§P ¢DD£Þ`¯ªDBl£©bD²
¨ H§¸ªb»»H-¯®n£f»çHì\ÌåN«
¬Æ@fDbV¹Db¯_Hjì\Ìå ¢DDb<He³f£ ²
HµÎHw£f§¸fDDª_¯b>«¢òF¯-óô¦õ ö÷wø©öwùøbúnúbúnø©öûV¨ ü
nÿ ÿ` ©bf½
æ6f£uýHµ¿·`l1_þ£n ÿó ô
õ ö ÷ ø ö ù ønúbúnú¯ø ö ÿ û ü_("_`¯£Þ_¢£©¯¤H·b ¯fb«
òF¯jô
bøwønúbúnú¯ø
\¸©n_§n§P¯³n²
HµV ¿Dnw£f\f"DDÎ ¨
bºzb£§H@Dnb¯` ¨ £ÀHzf_ "©bn«
zDDDnzfØfD¯§wbfª¹n
«ò>¯
(ôÃõ `ø ønúbúnú¯ø ü>·b¯f bD²
bnu<¯Dwb8£Dn WH¨ªHµf n_©fn«Í<°N¯¹ ÿ ô h ÿ øw ÿ ønúbúnú¯øw ÿ !
(b¯£Þ_+6n-çH§·`l`«
H¤Hn (Z ¤DDb+HªH£-fªHeH(¯fD²
nnD\P"ÓÔ`Õw#Ö "oÙ%Ô $ ¨ <_ç·fb¯¸Å8ÿó ø> ÿ Ò
n`©bf£µe ¤(¹nz¯f ¢nu¢
©bnÞæ6f£u¢nDÞ_µªHw£fj\Zb«jÍħµ
ªH _b<PDDnb°çõÅNÿó ø8 ÿ Òlø &PôÇønúbúnú¯(ø 'Püh°_§ªb
enHbnu-ZDDjHb ¤«Î¬h_b£n·fb
wH¸H»ªb
¤£ ¤Bn`©bfw£fVnnDDb
f n§n» (½Åoð"ff¤"åDHµªHHnT°8ÇbÈÈuñu°
Ð+ÑbH¢¯<T«°_ÊËfËfÊwÒl«
H¢_DD"§¯f+£`Hben ¤H§n£Z³ Án£ã²
fn·^ Hw¦µfwHnbýDªH£µ¾¦ ¤&D²
£HµÁHf©f«
HÂbHHµÁµf£H Db¯£b
¥ÅRð"¢"åDHµfªHH¯R°8Ç`ÈÈfñwÒ¢µfªunb_w
`_DDe§¯fef+»Hb£µfuHD"B© ¤£§¸H
§¯fb«
H§£ ¤£6f_b©6jn¡V¯®DH£`
¤Hn ¤nu-µDnufnnu©wnµ³ ¤w·uHµ-H
³ %H-¯fDÞµfªHZ(HHbb«
L s1
Attractor
Object
Attractor
Object
Stick
n-nf©H¤nu§qÞb ¨ fb§¯ªH§wb"ªHµZH
n®n_Db_DD"§¯f H ¨ §6(ÅoíqµªHëuÒl«
H`©
j¯f ¢ ªD` ¥¹ ÿ ô ÿ ¨ Hb
ôÅ ÿ Z ÿ Ò ÿ » ÿ ªHH£q·fb¯Fn ¤HªDb
ª_ ©HµH¢f£f¸H¢ ¨ DDeDnw£f
©f`Z"8_DD»nb«
¬ÆÂ¯f¯ª£f>°¤Hb@4n·fn¢` ±
P©ªH§^·fW ÔÓÔ qÓÔ`ÕwÖ+×nÙÚHÛnÜ¤Ý Ç^Ò>£q¨ w·§Db
He ¨ £@znu²T ¤¢ ¤DDn¸VH
wPn-_ª©`+³q¯ufHF ¤w·fn ¤nu ÊÒN£
(¼bBn®£§¯£
H-D§6£_l¯ ¨ nn©b¤© ¢²
ª£n ¤Hµ+³f &Hb·uH ¤nu_n© ªH
n ¤Hµz³ He H@b4nu§££ ¢²
££³HHD¯bPNn^·¨ D©bnÞnw£f fëuÒqBn
-bH`»ªDf ¤§n£¤³f %n£ã²Tfn·^ uÒB£
b¢nn ¤ ¤DHwHµ`FHBnDÞ_µªHw£fHH
`«
c
_]
L r2
L r2
θ2
L r1
θ1
L r1
ae
43&'5*)+67%89.-'59-%-:)-+,0")
5;.<,=?>6
ZµH£bf¢¯nu¢¢n£`¡ªD¢£enu§
Þn§Î ¨ HÎHDnw£fÎPHµn\<¤ ¤®D²
ªH &·w£ªHBnq_f£uqfµH`-·wªHbç£
H¸<Hb£D§©_¯³ ºHµnb«F
²
bf8ÞbΧ\ ¤_u©`ÎHºÿó ¯f ¢nu<qH
_DD»n
ªD<§¯ ¤HªHbf©`»H ÿ ¯ ¤²
Hnu»n\D©¯¸¢H-µffNηu§ª>n«
ZnHbnu¡
H»ì\Ìå¡zn ¤DD
n£ ¨ \¯®b©_Hì\ÌåΣ ¤\V<²
µfb<µ_«º
ZHn·fbfHDHµ¹ N¯
·`lfH¸©b¢n ¤_fHnu8H+H(n
Hfª_nç
¯·ww`wfHbD²
æ6¨ b¯b«¤¬Æ Hb ¨ fn°8£W ª¡©b §+µµb`
Hbà ÿ ô ÿ Ô ×nÛ «@
H" N¯V·fb¯¤©ã
H¯nun
PH·u§ª>bnnD£·f+Þn§H\çHDD
nb«
b-·b¯f\bίf ¢ªD`"\¢³ªH_l
BH(n®D©Hµ"H§¯_HZnγbªHb
çH©fHb»Hæ6bl`«
çᣪ6ÀbÀ§D`4¯fDbH&n®D ¤H£
© ¨ jíqµªHÎÇ«
¢-§-V ¨ ²ÆD ¤n£f
(HHªH§wW ¨ ( ¨ -µ§¤£ _W_(-µ£_bb«
ÌB¤æ6f£ub"VÇ`èË(Dbµn`ÅoË @ö ÷ øö ù FÒl«
H<_ ¨ VDDΣDnb° ¸ °Nf6²
©Dnb £ n_ §© «+
Hn_©f
·`lf (ô¨ `ø +B¨ ¯f ¢ªD`¤¨ ³f Ân ¤n-£ ¢²
µf«
HBæ6u<Hµf£¸·`l
\µ·n»Zóeô bö ÷ ø©ö ù u«
ì\Ìå¸ ¤DDnD`n_`w· >`6b£ ¢²
ªH§w¥uH§n£Hµ¥©flfVH¨ æ6blÎwÎD Nnnu
H§¯`"Hf_ \bu·fH ¤nub«ì`HHµ(n^·u²
£fZ ¨ j©¯f ¨ nn®`¯ªDb¥ª©Hµ¹H
_bf>Þb ¤¯>«
H¢ ¢¯®D_b ¤nu ¨ b
b_`wb ¨ £H¢f_HfH£HµZ©§¼N«¬ÆH¢©²
/ACB
D
&E /A
ML
#E
Uh
i
i)j
y
x
@
GF
KJ
`
`
-i
@
/A
`
gf
Robot
Robot
!"#$%&$'(&")*)+,&-./102"2)
B^_ ] a` b dc
c
NJ
FIH
L
,@
,
-kU)S./P")./&/Q(=P'5*-")P"#.$&TlS43UP")0105%U0UQ
,=4").P6nm"o).(43-'5*)+p-")+qQr)p\.<g=P'5*-")P"#.(&
43UP"8010g%#Q()9.<=?>6
s
5 5>=5F:<GN5
t
u
v$a+,=P=?)xwy;6l-")0{z:
+-xw|}6~<PY-a6d)2%U0UQK,"K)
%?-"W")P?-+7%8&./P.-T$=P-*&1-+[P\XP")P./.P6G)a
8-
MaU/-a a
8?awO-~<XOa &XV-&6
v$a/)-wz69~O--Ya6^)G4/
} V4a
)4<R5--a5a
)x6
W&¡-&?0g¢S")¡Y4./qQ£7P./.P6
v$a/¤w)z6&"80g?-././")a/¤w)$6~O--Ya67¥¦)P"(TxX%P=P'54.
"1&gP'(-**)")
§&TC./*)-=PK%#Q¨#+./6ª©U-Ua
8«<
¬ -
-9MaU/-a a
8?aw7XO~¤ka XP#YO-6
yS?&P,-")w®{6wU¯$#->YwY°;6,w-")0;l1Q+-1w#¯S6~O--Ya68¯$U0")
W+#=1&-"-T)W&'±%#Q5./
-U16[² a
8?awO&1-³YOP
1-³U6
yS?&P,-")w®{6w}PQ+-1w¯S6w&"80V®#&wW6~O&Oa6:¯$-'2´
*+,a3'5X¡YP'54"U.[P¡Y->Y10g%#Qd'5=4.<';)+,&"-T*a´
=P4"U/?&+=4-/43}6aU<-
)w8k- ³&a#³Y#6
S10}w 6-")0K S+'5P.Pwly;6~<1UXa65|P"./-/QR0.<%8&")=P
Tµ'¶=P4P%?-++P./").P6\·<
)w)k-1YOPO-&6
m,>Uxwz6U4\-+x6l~<P-Ya6¯$U0,"
C&T7'5U0q¸8P0(%U0UQ(./=aP'(
0")
¦#-+2)./§%#Qn'(-=1-¹U§*.<=P4"U/?&+2")4".P6
MaU/-/º-axw# O-kYO-1UO-kk-6
m,>Uxwz6l45&+x6\~O--Xa6|4+Tµ´,'(&
P.;")(¡Uµ0PV'5"q´
&9=PU010p%#Q'5-")>Y4Qd"#/?-*)&4?-+7"P-").P6WMaU/»
a a
8a9¼:a4/-/?#wYU,Pk18X&k6
y
®&?-././w£6}&"80R|&")
-)")4xw}½6~<1-Y-a6|UP+qT¾´-
-")P"
%U0UQ´./=?)P'(MT¿&W'5&-:*)+,-"")")
6W©U&?
-«7<WÀ{--
·W- -?w}O-~<Xa -O1U-6
y
x
x
=P
'5*-")P"#.S-T$C%U0UQV=P"
.
-T
5O#);./P")./&/QR
W$W!<-,"#:'(-"*))+,X-1YP+%1Z8%8[\.<16
£7&,++,&?0}wÁ6[~<P-kYa6;);8-")0{&"80p)#+x;T¾)")=a´
")-+}X=a4=4S-T'(-"C4=a")=1-+./>U++.P6lm"Â
Ã4d<p81« 54ÄgÅWU5-
§-
g-
8»¿UU5-
GÆ 5-aw
*)-
4.Wk-X#6ÇS3UT¾-?0g¢S")¡Y4./qQ£7P./.P6
P'54./'(Uw8°C6l~<1-³Ya69·S1&Äd²8?)a5-
2·S1-Ä5È?51#1É
Ê
(È?
)a/ a º«
8-aÄ5-
Æ[ «&4?º «8²x)&Ä-67|Ua.
&"80pËPq+")
a9vS6)½;6wzS'5.<4?0-'p6
© Copyright 2026 Paperzz