ﺝﺎﻡﻌﺔ ﻓﻴﻼدﻟﻔﻴــــﺎ آﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻹداریﺔ واﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ إﺳﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎت اﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﻡﻮاﺝﻬﺔ ﺗﺤﺪیﺎت اﻟﻌﻮﻟﻤﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ( ﺩ .ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﻨﺎﻴﻑ ﻋﻠﻭﺍﻥ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ /ﻟﻴﺒﻴﺎ 15 – 16/3/2005 1 http:// www.philadelphia.edu.jo http:// www.philadelphia.edu.jo ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ( ﺩ .ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﻨﺎﻴﻑ ﻋﻠﻭﺍﻥ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ /ﻟﻴﺒﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ ﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻹﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ ،ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﻘﻘﻪ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻭﺍﺌﺩ ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﺠﺩﻭﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺃﻓﻕ ﺯﻤﻨﻲ ﻤﺤﺩﺩ .ﻭﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻤﺤﺎﻜﺎﺓ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ، ﻋﺭﻑ ﺒﺎﺴﻡ MRP2ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ Modulesﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ : ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺩﺨﻭل ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ،ﻭﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ،ﻭﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﻓﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ) (140ﻤﻠﻔﺎ ًﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺒﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ . ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻭﺼل ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ) (MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺩﻗﺔ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺴﻌﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺠﺩﻭﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ ﻹﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻤﻊ ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻨﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺼل ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ .ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﺘﺨﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ :ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴُﻌ ُﺩ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ ﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ،ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﻥ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﺒﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﻤﻊ ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻜﻔﻭﺀ ﻭﻓﺎﻋل . 2 Abstract Information System Design of Maintenance Resources Planning " Proposed system " The aim of this research study is to design information system for the planning of requirement in order to accomplish maintenance work in the Steel and Iron Libyan concerned to locate the resources and schedules according to the maintenance master operation set during specific time. However, to achieve the objectives of the research study, a design of information system was built in order to resemble maintenance resources planning system, which know as MRP 2 and made of group modules such as, input unit, process unit, output unit. These unites consist of several sub – units made of 140 files form the schedule system database. The objectives of the research study were met with high accuracy by implementing the MRP 2 system design according the planning time period, in order to establish maintenance operation to locate the suffocation occurred in the resource loading operation upon the maintenance operation instrument centers in the company in question. In addition to the necessary information preparation need by the decision makers related to the maintenance operation environment. The study contained some recommendations such us, the need to take up the MRP 2 system design of the company in focus because this system process changes occur in the system operation environment, as it is considerer more suitable for the maintenance operation environment in the company. Moreover, implementing the system required the need to train the technical staff in order to operate the designed information system and locating the basic input needed to implement the system from theMaintenanceMasterSchedules( MMS), Available Resource Files ( ARF) and Bill of Resources ( BoR), in order to contribute in effective and efficient ways in the Steel and Iron Libya Company. 3 ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ ﻟﻘﺩ ﺤﺩﺜﺕ ﺘﻁﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺴﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻋﻬﺎ ،ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻭ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻴﻥ ﻭﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻟﺯﺍﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺭﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﻓﻌﻼ ،ﺇﺫ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ Materials Requirement planning systemﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺭﻤﺯ ﻟﻪ ﺒــــ ) ( MRP1ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﻘﺘﺼﺭ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻟﻼﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻴﺸﻤل ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻭﺠﺎﺕ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻵﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ،ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻋﺭﻑ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺒﺎﺴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ Manufacturing resources planning systemﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺭﻤﺯ ﻟﻪ ﺒــ ) . ( MRP2 ﻭﻗﺩ ﺤﺩﺜﺕ ﻓﺠﻭﺓ ) ( Gapﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺤﺩﺜﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺒﺄﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ ﻟﻬﺎ ). (Kassim,2004 ) ، (Support Systemsﻭﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺠﻭﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ ﺒﻤﺼﺭﺍﺘﺔ ﺘﺘﺤﻤل ﻜﻠﻑ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻟﻼﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻌﺩﻡ ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻊ ﻭﻀﻤﻥ ﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺩﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻴﺠﺎﺩ ﻨﻅﻡ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺨﻔﻴﺽ ﻜﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻓﻊ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻊ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ . ﻭﻤﻥ ﻫﻨــﺎ ﺠـﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻜـﺭﺓ ﻟﻼﺴﺘﻔــﺎﺩﺓ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴـﺔ ﻭﺘﻜﻴﻴﻔﻬــﺎ ﻤـﻊ ﻭﺍﻗـﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴـﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴـﺔ ﺘﺤـﺕ ﺍﺴـﻡ ﻨﻅـﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴـﻁ ﻤـﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ )(MRP2 Maintenance Resources planning systemﻭﻫﻭ ﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ ﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ )(MRP2 Manufacuring Resources planning systemﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺯﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺍﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﻜﻴﻴﻔﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁﻲ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺩﻯ .ﺍﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﺕ ﻭﻋﺩﺩ ﻭﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺨﺭﻯ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻤﺠﺎﻤﻴﻊ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻭ ﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻻﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﻭﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﻜل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻓﻕ ﺯﻤﻨﻲ ﻤﺤﺩﺩ . ﺴﻴﺤﺎﻭل ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻓﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻁﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺭ ) ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ( ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﻬل ﺃﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﻰ ﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ . ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺘﻜﺘﺴﺏ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺩ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻴﻌﺔ ،ﻭﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩ .ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻠﻌﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺩﻭﺭﺍ ﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺘﺠﻨﺒﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻏﻭﺏ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺤﺩﻭﺙ ﻓﺸل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺠﻲ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ،ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ . 4 ﻭﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﻓﺄﻨﻪ ﻟﺯﺍﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺨﻁﻁ ﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻻﺕ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﺠﻬﺯﺓ ،ﻭﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ . ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻨﺤﺼﺭ ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻌﺎل ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺒﺄﻗل ﻜﻠﻔﺔ ،ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻗﺼﺭ ﻭﻗﺕ ﻤﻤﻜﻥ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺠﻨﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﺎﻁﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺍﻀﺢ ﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺠل ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﺍﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ : ﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ،ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻬﺎ : -1ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ . -2ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ . -3ﺘﺤﺩﻴـﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ) ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴـﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ،ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ( ﻟﻜل ﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨـﺔ ) ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﺌﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺠﺎﺌﻴﺔ ( . -4ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ ﻭﻟﻜل ﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ،ﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ ( ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ . -5ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . -6ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ : ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻴﺠﺎﺩ ﺤﻠﻭل ﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ،ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺘﻨﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ " ﺍﻥ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ ،ﺴﻴﻭﻓﺭ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺴﺭﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺤﺩﻴﺜﺔ ﻟﻼﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﺴﺎﺴﺎ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺘﺨﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺒﻤﺎﻴﺭﻓﻊ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ" . ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ : ﺘﺒﺭﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ .ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻨﻅﺎﻤﺎ ﺸﺎﻤﻼ ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻻﺘﻲ : -1ﺍﻓﻀل ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . -2ﺍﻓﻀل ﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺠﺎﻨﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ . -3ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺄﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻨﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺼل ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﺍﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻭﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ : ﻟﻐﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﻪ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ،ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻜﺎﻩ ﺒﻭﺴﺎﻁﺔ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺼﻼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ 5 ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻩ ،ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﻬل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻜﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻴﺴﺘﺭﺸﺩ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻤﺭﻭﺭﺍ ﺒﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ . ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ : ﺍﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻭ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺠﺩﺍ ،ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﺘﺴﻨﻰ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﺎﺒﺫﻟﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺠﻬﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻻ ﺍﻨﻪ ﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﺕ ﻤﻭ ﻀﻭﻉ ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻋﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﻰ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ : -1ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ) : (Steinberg, etal., 1980ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺀ .ﻭﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ : -ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻫﺎ ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻼﺌﻡ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻻﺴﺒﻘﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻜل ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻓﻀﺎﺀ . ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻁﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻠﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺴﺒﻘﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻼﺕ. ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ،ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﺨﺯﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺭﺠﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻭﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺘﻴﺔ : ﺃ-ﻤﻠﻑ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺌﻴﺔ ) ( STSﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﻨﺎﻅﺭ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ) ( MPSﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ . ﺏ-ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﻨﺎﻅﺭ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ . ﺝ -ﻤﻠﻑ ﻫﻴﻜﻠــﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺎﻅﺭ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘــﻭﺝ ) BOM (. ﺩ-ﻤﻠﻑ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺌﻴﺔ . ﻫـ-ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺀ . ﻭ-ﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﺨﺭﻯ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻭﺨﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ . ﺍﺜﺒﺘﺙ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻨﻪ ﺒﺎﻻﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻟﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻅﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ . -2ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ) : ( Cox,et.al.,1980ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ . ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻨﺼﺒﺕ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻜﻭﻜﺱ ﻭﺯﻤﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺸﺎﻤل ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ .ﻭﺘﻭﺼل ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻭﻟﻲ ﻟﻭﻀﺎﺌﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ ،ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻟﻠﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺼل ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ .ﻭﻴﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻋﻤﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ 6 ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﻴل .ﻭﻴﺴﻤﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﺒﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻗﺔ ﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺫﺓ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻻﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻲ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ . -3ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ) : ( Scemell,et.al.,1982ﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺍﺤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ) ( P.Pﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ .ﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ : -ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺍﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ )( Park Plaza . -ﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺼﻭل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩ ) ﻏﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺍﺤﻴﺔ ( . ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻤﻌﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺍﺤﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺩﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﺍﺨﺭﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻏﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ . ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ : ﺃ-ﺘﻤﺜل ﺠﺩﻭﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺍﺤﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺼﺭ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﻪ ﻭﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ . ﺏ-ﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ،ﻻﻥ ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻤل ﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺠﺭﺍﺡ ، ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺴﺤﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻲ . -4ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ) : (Khumawala,et.al.,1986ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻭﻥ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ . ﻭﺘﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ : ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻤﺜل )Manufacturing ( MRP2 Resources Planningﻭ ) Just – In – Time System ( JITﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ . -ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ،ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻼﺌﻡ ﻤﻊ ﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ . -ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ،ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻜﻔﻭﺀ ﻭﻓﺎﻋل . -5ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ) : (David, 1990ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ .ﻭﻫﻭ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺫﻭ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺱ ﻟﻪ ﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻲ .ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ .ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻭﺨﺼﺎﺌﺼﻬﺎ ﻤﻨﺎﻅﺭﺓ ﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻌﻴﺔ ) ( Assembly Products ﺘﻡ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﺘﺭﺍﻀﻴﺔ ،ﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ،ﻫﻤﺎ ﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ ، ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻅﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ .ﻭﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻫﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ) ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ( ﺒﻨﻭﻋﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻴﺠﺎﺯ ،ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺘﺭﺍﺽ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ . -6ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ) : (Roth and Dierdonk, 2003ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ،ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻁﺭﺡ ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﻭﺃﻁﺭ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺴﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ . ﺤﺎﻭل ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻴﺠﺎﺩ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻴﻼﺌﻡ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ،ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺭﺍﺭ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ . 7 ﺘﻡ ﺠﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﺤﺩﺍﻫﻤـﺎ ﺫﺍﺕ ) 300ﺴﺭﻴﺭ ( ﻭﺍﻻﺨـﺭ ) 1100 ﺴﺭﻴﺭ ( ﻭﻜﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ .ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻭﻫﻲ : ﺍﺨﺩ ﺒﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻥ ﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ .ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ.-ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ . -7ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ) : (Kassim , 2004ﺍﺴﺘﻬﺩﻓﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ) ( MRP1ﻜﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻼﺴﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ – ﻟﻴﺒﻴﺎ – ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MAP/3000ﻟﻤﺤﺎﻜﺎﺓ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP1ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺒﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل. -ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . -ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺨﻁﻁ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻼﺌﻡ ﻤﻊ ﺨﻁﻁ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﺘﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺼل ﻓﻲ ﺨﻁﻁ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ .ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ : ﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﻭﺤﺩﺍﺜﺔ ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻤﺎ ﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺨﺎﻭﻑ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭ ﻓﻰ ﻫﻜﺫﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ) ( Chase and Aquilano , 1998ﻓﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺘﺴﻤﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ ﺍﻻﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ : ﺃ-ﺍﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻤﺜل ﻤﺤﺎﻭﻻﺕ ﺠﺭﻴﺌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺨﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﺸﻴﺎﺀ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻠﻤﻭﺴﺔ ) ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ( ،ﻭﺍﻨﺩﻓﺎﻋﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ ﺍﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺤﺩﻴﺜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻨﺤﺼﺭ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺩﺓ ﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻭﺀ ﻭﺍﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﺤﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤﺔ ،ﻭﻤﺤﺎﻭﻟﺘﻬﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ . ﺏ-ﺤﺩﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎﻴﻨﺎﻅﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ . ﺝ-ﻓﺘﺤﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﺴﻌﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺨﻭل ﻓﻲ ﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻭﻻﺕ ﺍﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ ﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻤﺜل ) Material Requirements planning system ( MRP1 ) Just- In – Time Manufacturing Resources planning system ( MRP2ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ . ﺍﻤﺎ ﺍﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯﻫﺎ ﺒﺎﻻﺘﻲ : ﺃ-ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺼﺭ ﻋﻤﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺨﺫﺕ ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺼﻴﺭﺓ ﺘﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻥ ،ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺠﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﺴﻭﺓ ﺒﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ . ﺏ-ﻟﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﺩ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﻓﻕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺔ . 8 ﺝ-ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺘﻤﺜل ﺒﻪ ﺠﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺭﺌﺔ ﻭﻗﻭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺽ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ .ﻟﻜﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻤﺨﺎﻭﻑ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻴﺠﺎﺩ ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﺎﺕ ) ( Softwareﺘﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺽ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻤﺎ ﺍﻜﺩﺘﻪ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺭﻭﺙ ﻭﺯﻤﻴﻠﺔ ) (Roth and Dierdonk, 2003 ﻤﺩﺨل ﺍﻟﻰ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ : ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻭﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﻪ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺄﺘﻰ : -1ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ : ﻟﻘﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ،ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻭﻀﻴﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ .ﻭﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﻟﻪ ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻀﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻭﺩ .ﺤﻴﺙ ﻋﺭﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺴﺘﺎﻴﻨﺒﻴﺭﺝ ﻭﺯﻤﻴﻠﻴﻪ ) ( Steinberg et etat , 1982ﺒﺄﻨﻪ " ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺼﻭل ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ) ﻤﺴﺘﻠﺯﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ( ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩ " ﺍﻱ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻫﻭ ﻴﻭﻓﺭ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩﻴﻥ . ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻴﻌﺭﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻓﺎﻤﻭﺍﻻ ﻭﺯﻤﻴﻠﻴﻪ ) (Khumawala et .al ., 1986, 58ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ "ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺠﺩﻭﻟﻪ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻓﻕ ﺯﻤﻨﻲ ﻤﺤﺩﺩ ،ﺒﻐﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ " . ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺩﻴﻔﻴﺩ ) ( David , 1990,3ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ "ﻤﺭﺸﺩﺍ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ، ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ " ﻤﻤﺎ ﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﻼﻩ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﺸﻤل ﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﺔ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ " ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺩﺍﺨﻠﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ،ﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯﻫﺎ ،ﻭﻤﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﻨﻴﻥ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻓﻕ ﺯﻤﻨﻲ ﻤﺤﺩﺩ" .ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﺄﺴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ Maintenace Resources Planning System ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺭﻤﺯ ﻟﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻤﺯ ) (MRP2ﻟﻼﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺯﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ ). (1 MRP2 ﻧﻈﺎم ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﻣﻮارد اﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺅ ﺒﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ MRP2 ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ 9 ﺨﻁﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ MMS Kscp ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ARF MRP1 BOR ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ اﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝﺎت ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮاد اﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺟﺪوﻟﺔ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺥﻄﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ * ﺝﺪوﻟﺔ اﻻﺳﺒﻘﻴﺎت أواﻣﺮ ﺝﺪیﺪة ﺗ ﺪ ﻞ ﺗ ا ﺦ اﻻ ﺘ ﻘﺎق * اﻟ ﻄ ة ﻋﻠ ﻋ ﻠ ﺎت اﻟ ﺎﻧﺔ ﺥﻄﺔ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ • • ﺗﺤﺪیﺪ اﻻﻟﻪ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏﺔ وﺗﺤﺪیﺪ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻧﺠﺎزهﺎ ﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ ) ( 1ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ MRP2ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ -2ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ :ﺍﻻﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﻭﺍﻻﻫﻤﻴﺔ : ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ( MRP2ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ Prodctivity Maintentenanceﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﺤﻴﺙ ﻋﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﻤﻜﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻗﺩﺭﺓ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻜﺄﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ .ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺘﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻺﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺇﻁﻼﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ ،ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻴﺴﺘﻠﺯﻤﻬﺎ ﺇﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ) ، ( Markland , 1998 , 499ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻤﻊ ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ ) ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ( . ( Hamid , 1994 , 76 ) ، ﻟﻘﺩ ﺤﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ) ( Evans , 1996ﺍﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻻﺘﻲ : ﺃ-ﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺼﻭل ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ) ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻟﻤﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ. ﺏ-ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻤﻌﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ،ﻭﺩﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺜﻬﺎ ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ . ﺝ-ﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻲ : 10 ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ .ﺍﺴﺒﻘﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ) ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ( . ( Steinberq et at ., 1980 , 69 ) ،ﻭﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ( MRP2ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ) ( Khumawala , et al , 1986 , 60ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻻﺘﻲ : -1ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺭ . -2ﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ . -3ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﺴﺒﻴﻘﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁ ﻟﻬﺎ . -4ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ( Key Skills Capaity Maintenanceﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل : ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺨﻁﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ Maintenance Loading-ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺨﻁﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ .-2ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) : ( MRP2 ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻻﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ، ( MRPﻓﺄﻨﻪ ﻴﻤﺜل ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ Information Systemﻴﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺴﻭﺏ ﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻭﺘﺨﺯﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ) ، ( Evans , 1996 , 541ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻤﻨﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻗﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ . ﻭﺒﻐﻴﺔ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺘﻭﺜﻴﻕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ،ﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺠﺴﺩ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺒﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺘﻘﺎﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﻤل ) ( Groover , 1999 , 195ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺘﺨﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﺎﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﻓﻰ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ Maintenance Resourcesﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . Maintenance Controlﺍﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻻﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻤﺎﻟﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ ) (2ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﻤﻊ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ MSSﻓﺄﻥ ﻤﻠﻑ ) (MSSﻴﻤﺜل ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺨل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺝ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻭﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ : ﺃ-ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ Master Maintenance Scheduling ( MMS ) : ﺘﻌﺩ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻀﻭﺌﻬﺎ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ .ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻠﺯﻡ ﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ ﺒﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻫﺎ ﻟﻐﺭﺽ ﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ، ﻀﻤﻥ ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯﻫﺎ . (Dilworth,2002) ، ( Evans , 1996, 563 ) ، ﺏ-ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) Bill of Resources ( BOR ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻫﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻤﺎﺘﺤﺘﺎﺠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﻀﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﻤﺜل ﺃﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﻋﻤل ﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . 11 ﻭﻫﻲ ﺒﻤﺜﺎﺒﺔ ﻜﺸﻑ ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ،ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻭﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻁﺎﻗﺔ ( ﻭﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻤﺘﺭﺍﺒﻁﺔ ) ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ( ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻤﺯﻱ ﻟﻜل ﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻜل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ) ( Roth and Dierdonok,2003,19-20 ﺝ-ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ )Available Resources (ARF ﻴﻌﺩ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ (Ranky , 1995 , 84-85 ) (Shroeder, 2000 ) : ) : ( Mann , 1986 ) Krajweski and Ritzman , 2002 -1ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ : ﻭﺘﺸﻤل ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ) ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ( ﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻓﻠﺔ . -2ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ : ﻭﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻻﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺩﺍﺀ ﻗﺴﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻴﺸﻤل ﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺤﺭﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . -3ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ : ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻟﻤﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻻﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻﺘﺸﻜل ﻋﻨﺼﺭﺍ ﺤﺭﺠﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻻﻤﺭﻜﺯﻴﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﺍﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺏ ﻤﺜﻼ ﺍﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﺨﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼﻟﻬﺎ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻭﺀﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ . ﺍﻥ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻤﺯﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺭﺩ ، ﻨﻭﻋﻪ ،ﻭﺼﻔﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ،ﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻓﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﺴﻠﻭﺒﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﻤﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ،ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺡ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . -4ﻤﻨﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ : MRP2 ﻓﻲ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ﺜﻤﺘل ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ( BORﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﻓﻬﻲ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ) ( MMSﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﻕ ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻥ ) . (David , 1990,18 ) ، ( Kumwala etal., 1986 , 84 ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻴﺘﻡ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻀﻤﻨﺘﻬــﺎ ) ( MMSﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻑ ﺒﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ) BOR ( ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺩﺓ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ .ﻭﺒﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ) ( ARFﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﻟﻜل ﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﺒﻌﺩ ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ : ﺃ -ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻤﻠﻑ ) ( MSSﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺒﺘﻘﺩﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ، ﻭﻤﻥ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻓﺘﺭﺍﺕ ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﺴﺒﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻭ ﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ) . ( Time–Bucket 12 ﺏ -ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻤﻠﻑ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ، ( BORﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻀﻤﻨﺘﺎ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ) . ( MSS ﺝ -ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ) ( Explosionﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺒﺸﻜل ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﺠﻤﺎﻟﻲ Gross Requirementsﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ . ﺩ -ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺫﺍﺘﻪ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ) ( ARFﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻑ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺒﻐﻴﺔ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ . Net Requirements ﻫـ -ﻴﺘﻡ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻭﻓﻕ ﻤﺼﻁﻠﺢ ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ ﻟﻼﻁﻼﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻓﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻥ ﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﻭ -ﺘﺘﻜﺭﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ) ( BORﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﻜل ﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . -5ﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ) : ( MRP2 ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﺍﻋﻼﻩ ﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ، ( MRP2 ﻭﺒﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ، Logic of processingﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ) ، ( MMSﻭﻨﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻤﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ) (2ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻬﺎ : ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ . ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻫﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . -ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺒﺎﻻﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . -ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ ) ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺎﺕ ،ﻗﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺭ ( ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺘﺴﻬﻴل ﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . -ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻜﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ) ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺄﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ( . 13 ﻧﻈﺎم ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﻣﻮارد (MRP2اﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ) ------------------------------------------------------------ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺠﺪوﻟﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﺮآﻴﺒﺔ ﻣﻮارد اﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ( )BORﺍﻟﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ( )MMS ( ) ARF Input ------------------------------------------------------------ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ اﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝﺎت ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ (MRP1اﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ) Processing Processingاﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ------------------------------------------------------------ 1 ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ Output .1ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ 2 .2ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ 3 .3ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ .4ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻜل ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ 4 .5ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ 5 6 .6ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺒﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ 7 .7ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺯﻭﻥ 8 .8ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ 9 10 12 11 12 12 .9ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺠﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ .10ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻤﺼﻨﻊ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . .11ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺒﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﻥ .12ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻜﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺒﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ ) (2ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﻭﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2 14 ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ : ﻟﻌﺩﻡ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺠﺎﻫﺯﺓ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻟﺫﺍ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﺴﻡ ) Maintenance Resources Planning System ( MRP2ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ) (Programsﻭﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ Database Filesﻭﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﺨﺭﻯ ﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﻭﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ ﺘﺸﻜل ﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ) ( 140ﻤﻠﻔﺎ ﻜﺄﺩﺍﺓ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ . ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻫﻴﻜل ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ ) ( Modulesﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ) ، (3ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭ ) ﺍﻟﺘﺯﺍﻤﺎ ﺒﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ( ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ : ﺃ-ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺩﺨﻭل ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ( System Entering ) : ﻴﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﺒﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺓ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ .ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻴﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﺄﺤﺘﻭﺍﺌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﺔ ﻜﻔﻭﺀﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ،ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ .ﻭﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺩﺨﻭل ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ : -1ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ Entering Available Resources : ﻴﺘﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﺩﺨﺎل ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ .ﻭﺘﻡ ﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻨﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻤﺯ ) . ( Hﺍﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺸﻤل ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ .ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺍﺕ ، ﻭﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺹ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺘﻡ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻤﺯ ) ( Cﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻟﻤﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ) (Disposableﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻻﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺓ ) ( Reusable instrumentsﻤﺜل ﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺘﻡ ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻤﺯ ) . ( Mﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﻗﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻭﻭﺼﻔﺔ ،ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺘﺔ ...... ،ﺍﻟﺦ . -2ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﺩﺨﺎل ﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ Entering Stages Maintenace : ﻴﺴﺘﻠﺯﻡ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ) ( BORﻟﻜل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﺤﺎﻜﺎﺓ ﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺘﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻜﺎﻤل ﻭﻟﻤﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﺒﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻴـﺎﺭ ) Stages . ( and operations ﻭﻴﺘﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺜﺔ ) ( M ، C ، Hﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﺘﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ،ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ .ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ .ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺜﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﻼﻨﺠﺎﺯ . -3ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻻﺠﻤﺎﻟﻲ Entering Gross Requirements : ﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻋﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻻﺴﺒﻭﻋﻲ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ . -4ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ Support Filesﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻌﺘﻤﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻫﻭ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ) ( Setupﻟﻼﺤﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺒﺎﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﺜل ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ . ﺏ-ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ Processing Module : 15 ﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺘﺨﺘﺹ ﺒﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻤﻨﻁﻕ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻭﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴل ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﻲ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ : -1ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ Selection Bill of Requirements -2ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ Capacity Driven Module -3ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺒﻭﻋﻴﺔ Weekly Schedule Generation -4ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔDaily Schedule Generation Entering System Entering Maulti Level Planning )( BOR Resources Utilization List Operation Maintence Requirement. Schedule For Maintence (Daily) . Schedule For Maintence (Weekly) . Stages and Operation Reqirements. Processing Out Put Selecting Bill Of Requirement Capacity Driven Moduly Daily Schedule Generation Weekly Schedule Generation Entering Available Resources Entering Stages and Operations Entering Gross Requirements Reports Setup Control Module ﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ )(3 ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2 ﺝ-ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻴﺭ ) ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ( Report Module ﻴﻤﺜل ﻋﻤل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺓ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺴﻌﻰ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﻭﻫﻲ ﺘﻤﺜل ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻴﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ ) (3ﻭﻟﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺤﺠﻡ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﺴﻨﻘﺘﺼﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ : -1ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ):Multi Level Planning ( BOR ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺃﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﻤﺎﻨﻭﻋﻪ ،ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﻤﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺘﺄﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﺩﺀ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ .ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ) (1ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ . ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ) ( 1 ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻟـ ) ( BOR Unit Quan. Per Lead Start Com. Data 16 Type Description Code Level Date Maintenance Time -2ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ Resour Utilization List ﻴﺨﺘﺹ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﺤﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ) ، ( C,Hﻭﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻤﺩﻫﺎ ) ( 12ﺍﺴﺒﻭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ .ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻤﺒﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ) . ( 2 ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ) ( 2 ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺨﻼل ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ Level of Available Capacity Utilization * * Des. 1 Maint. 2 Maint. 3 Maint. Code Maint. 12 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * -3ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ Operation Maintenance Requirements : ﺘﺘﺴﻡ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﺒﺎﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺓ ﻜﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻤﺜل ﺍﻻﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﺎ ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺠﻪ ﺇﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ .ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺒﻭﻋﻲ ﺒﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ) (3ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ . 17 ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ) ( 3 ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺒﻭﻋﻴﺔ Work date Available Quant Unit Type Description Code -4ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ Materials Control ﻴﺨﺘﺹ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ ) ( Mﺍﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺨﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﺭﺽ ﻟﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻭﺭﻗﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺭﻤﺯﻱ ، ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ،ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﻴﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﺔ ﺘﺴﻴﻁﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ .ﻓﺎﺩﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﺘﻐﻁﻲ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺄﻨﻪ ﻻﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺍﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﻟﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺀ .ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺼﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻻﻤﺭ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻻﺘﻜﻔﻲ ﻟﺘﻐﻁﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁﺔ . ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ) ( 4ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ . ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ) ( 4 ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ M Stafy Quant NET Start Complete Stock Availb Req date date 18 Gross Req Desc Code ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ) : ( MRP2 ﺒﻌﺩ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﻻﻴﻌﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﻭﺴﺎﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺴﻭﺏ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻻﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ) ( 12ﺍﺴﺒﻭﻋﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺩ ﻤﻥ . 2004/10/1ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻘﻠﻴﺹ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺯﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺘﻲ : -1ﺃﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻴﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺄﺘﻰ : -ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﻪ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﻓﻕ ﻤﺎﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﻜل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻟﻜل ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻤﻥﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺤــل ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟـ ) ( BORﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺄﺭﻴﺦ ﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﺩﺩ ﻓﻲ ) ( MSSﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ . -2ﺃﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺤﺘﻭﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺸﺘﺭﻜﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺨﻼل ﻓﺜﺭﺓ ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ . -ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺨﻼل ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ . ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﻓﻕ ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻭﺭﺍﻴﺦ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩ ﻓﻲ ). (MSSﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ .ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ : ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ : -1ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎﺕ : ﺇﺭﺘﻜﺯﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺤﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ: ﺃ -ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ،ﺍﺠﺭﻴﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ ،ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺎﺘﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﺘﺠﺯﺃﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﺸﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ ،ﺍﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﻘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻲ ،ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺠﻌل ﺍﻷﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺠﻬﺎ ﻀﻌﻴﻔﺔ . ﺏ -ﺍﺴﻔﺭﺕ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺒﺄﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﺘﻼﺯﻡ ﺍﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ) ( BORﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ : ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻨﻬﺎ . -ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﺒﻁﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﻜﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻬﻴﻜﻠﺔ . -ﻤﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ . ﺝ -ﺩﻟﺔ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ " ﺍﻥ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ ، ﺴﻴﻭﻓﺭ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺴﺭﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺤﺩﻴﺜﺔ ﻟﻼﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﺴﺎﺴﺎ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺘﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻓﻊ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺍﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ " . ﺩ-ﺍﻜﺩﺕ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ،ﺩﻗﺔ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻻﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺴﻌﻰ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﻲ : -ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺨﻼل ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ . -ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺘﻠﺯﻤﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ . 19 ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﺄﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻨﻭﺍﻋﻬﺎ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﻫـ -ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﻭ -ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻋﻥ : -ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻨﻭﻋﻬﺎ ،ﻜﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ،ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﺴﻬﺎ .ﺍﻟﺦ -ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ) ( BORﻟﻜل ﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﻤﻠﻑ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ) . ( MSS -2ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ : ﻟﻘﺩ ﺘﻭﺼل ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ : أ -ﺘﻭﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺒﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ : ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ،ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔﻋﻤل ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﻟﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ﺍﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ ﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻤﺜل ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ ﻻﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . ﺏ -ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ) ( MSSﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ،ﺘﺄﺨﺫ ﺒﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ،ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﻴﻌﺯﺯ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻐﻼل ﻁﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻷﻓﻀل ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ) ( MSSﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻁﻁ ﻟﻬﺎ. ﺝ -ﻟﻐﺭﺽ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻷﺘﻲ : -ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﺒﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ ،ﺘﺄﺨﺫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﻭﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ . -ﺘﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﻭﺜﺔ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ MRP2ﻭﻓﻬﻡ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺘﻪ ،ﺒﺈﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻨﻅﺎﻤﺎ ﺸﺎﻤﻼ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ . -ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻴﻌﻜﺱ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﺩ -ﺘﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺍﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻘل ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺘﺴﺎﻫﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﺭﺅﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﺤﻭل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ : ﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﻴﺔ . ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ . ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﻤﺜل ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻻﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ .ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ 1Chase R., Aquilano N., 1998 , production and operation Management , 6th . ed., USA., Irwin INC . 2COX James, Richard , 1981 , "An Application Of Materials Requirements Planning To Higher Education " , Decision Sciencess , No.1. 20 3- David C ., 1990 , " Manufacturing Resources Planning Model For Services " , New Mixice State University , May , No.8 . 4Dilworth J., 2002 , Operations Management : Design , Planning and Control For Manufacturing and Services , New York , McGraw – Hill Inc . 5Evans J ., 1996 , Applied Production and Operations Management , 5th .ed ., New York , West Publishing Co. 6Kassim N., 2004 , " Application Of MRP1 System In The Libyan Public Company For Manufacturing Investments" , Journal Of Economic Research, Benghazi , Vol. 15, No1. 7Khumawala Basher , et .al ., 1986, " MRP2 In the Service Industries" , Production and inventory Management , vol . 27 , No.3. 8Krajewski Lee and Ritzman Larry , 2002 , Operation Management : Strategy and analysis , 4th .ed ., New York , Addison Wesley Pud . 9Groover Mikell , 1999 , Fundamentals Of Modern Manufacturing , New York , Prentice – Hall, Inc. 10Mann Lawrence , 1986 , Maintence Management , New York , Heath and Company . 11Ranky Panl , 1995 , Computer Integrated Manufacturing , U.K., HallInternational Inc . 12Roth A., Dierdonk R., 2003 , Hospital Resources Planning : Concepts , Feasibility Framework , Production and Operation Management , vol .4 , No.1. 13Schroeder R., 2000 , Operation Management , New York ,. 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