‫*ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳ ﹲﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴ‪ ‬ﹲﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺸﻒ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺧﱪﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ"‬
‫ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻦ ﺃﲪﺪ‬
‫‪[email protected]‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺑﺴﻼﳒﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻠﺨ‪‬ﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﱪﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ"‪ .‬ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺗﻪ‬
‫ﻕ ﳐﺘﻠﻔ ٍﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠﹼﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﻭ ﹰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﻟﻄﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺄﺧﻮﺫﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ .‬ﻷﺟﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻮﻑ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻟﻠﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺧﱪﺍﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻜﺘﺸﻒ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺤﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﺘﻀﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ ﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻠﻢ ﺟﺮﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﲜﺎﻧﺐ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺳﲑﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﻴﺖ ﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺭﻓﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﱪ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺇ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻔﺘﺤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺴﺘﻀﻲﺀ ﺑﻨﻮﺭ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻌﱪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻭﻋﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺄﳘﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻔﻴﺪﻩ ﰲ‬
‫ﱐ ﻣﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻳﻌﻜﺲ ﺃﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﻁ ﺇﻧﺴﺎ ﱞ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻴﻪ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﻓﻬﻤﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﻟﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻧﺸﺎ ﹲ‬
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‫ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﻘﻮ‪‬ﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﻣﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺑﺪﻋﻪ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﳚﻠﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻔﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﺎ ﻏﻤﺾ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻨﺘﻘﻲ ﻟﻔﻈﺎ ﺍﻭ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻓﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻭﺭﻭﺣﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻠﻮﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﺳﻼﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻟﻴﺲ ﳍﺎ ﻣﺜﻴﻞ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺗﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﺜﻤﻦ‪ .‬ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺟﻴﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻘﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻠﻜﺔ ﻭﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺷﺮﺣﻬﺎ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻌﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻭﻋﻮﺍﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺳﻨﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪ ١،١‬ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫) ﺃ ( ﺍﻹﳌﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﻋﻦ ﺧﱪﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻃﻮﻃﺔ" ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺟـ( ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺤﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ١،٢‬ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫) ﺃ ( ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ؟‬
‫)ﺏ( ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺮ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺧﱪﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ" ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ؟‬
‫)ﺟـ( ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻧﺎﺟﺤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ؟‬
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‫‪ ١،٣‬ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬
‫ﱂ ﲣﻂ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‪ .‬ﻟﻜ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﲝﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺧﱪﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪) Faktor Leksiko-Budaya Dalam Penterjemahan Karya Rihlah Ibn Batuttah‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ"( ﻟﺴﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﶈﺎﺿﺮ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻮﺗﺮﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺪ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻬﺪﻑ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺇﱃ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺗﺸﻴﻚ ﻗﺪ ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﻋﻦ ‪) Pengalaman Dalam Terjemahan Melayu Arab‬ﺧﱪﰐ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ( ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺪ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺧﱪﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﲢﺪ‪‬ﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺧﱪﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ١،٤‬ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻼ ﻋﻦ ﺇﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺪ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻭﺻﻔﹰﺎ ﺷﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺳﻴﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺧﱪﺓ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ" ﰲ‬
‫ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻨﺒﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎ ًﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺤﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴ‪‬ﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ١،٥‬ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺋﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﳌﻴﺪﺍﱐ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎ ٌﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻛ ‪‬‬
‫) ﺃ ( ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺋﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﲜﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﻴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﳌﻴﺪﺍﱐ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ‪ ،‬ﲜﺎﻧﺐ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﺭﻗﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪ ٢،١‬ﺧﻠﻔﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺳﻴﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻫﻮ ﳏﺎﺿﺮ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻮﺗﺮﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﺎﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﳋﺮﳚﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺎﺟﺴﺘﲑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﻻﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﻻﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﻻﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢،٢‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬
‫) ﺃ ( ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫‪Translating Arabic Classical Book Malaysia‬‬
‫‪Famous Arabic Classical Books‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻔﺴﲑ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺘﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟﲑ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺨﻼﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﲨﺖ ﺇﱃ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺎﺻ ﹰﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻼﺀ"‬
‫ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ ﻣﺜﻼ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﺟﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺻﻌﺐ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻘﺪ ﺍﻛﺘﻤﻠﺖ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﰎ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻬﻮﺩ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﳓﻦ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻧﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﻣﱴ ﺳﺘﻜﺘﻤﻞ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻟﻐﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﻙ‬
‫ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﲔ ﰲ ﻓﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻬﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺒ‪‬ﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫‪Malay‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪The Important of Translating Arabic Book into‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻀﺎﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﻮﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺮﺅﻭﺍ ﺗﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﳓﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﺮﺗﻘﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﺗﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﻥ ﻟﻐﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﴰﻮﻝ ﻟﻐﺘﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺟـ( ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺸﻐﻠﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺸﻐﻠﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺳﻴﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺤﲔ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ ‪ IKIM‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺳﺘﺔ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﲨﺔ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﲤﺖ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ"‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﳊﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺘﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺣﱴ ﺍﻵﻥ ﱂ ﺗﻜﺘﻤﻞ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺫﻛﻲ ﻭﺳﻴﺪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﺍﻥ ﺟﺎﺀﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﻳﺸﺘﻐﻼﻥ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫) ﺩ ( ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﲔ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻌﻴﺸﻮﻥ ﰲ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﳝﺘﻠﻜﻮﻥ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﻭﻣﻘﺘﻨﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺎﻫﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻋﺮﻓﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺳﻠﻮ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻧﻮ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻣﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﳓﻮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻔﻘﻬﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻓ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺿﻌﻔﺎﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻠﻤﺎ ﻭﻣﺎﻫﺮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ‪ .‬ﺑﻜﻼﻡ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺼﺮﻩ ﰲ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ‬
‫ﻓﺴﻮﻑ ﻻ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢،٣‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫‪Business Opportunity in Arabic Classical Book‬‬
‫‪Translation‬‬
‫) ﺃ ( ﲡﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪Translation Arabic Book Business in Corporation‬‬
‫ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺑﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﰒ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﻛﻠﻪ ﰒ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﱪﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﺘﺪﺉ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﺍﺭﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺸﺊ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭﺍ ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺎ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍ‪‬ﺘﻤﻊ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺸﺊ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺎ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‪ .‬ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩﺍ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﺭﲟﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﰒ ﻳﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﰒ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻹﺑﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ ﻭﻹﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﻻﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﰒ ﻳﺮﺳﻞ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ )‪ .(ITNMB‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻭﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﺘﺪﺉ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻟﻼﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ ﺳﻮﻑ ﳝﺘﺤﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺃﻭﻻﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﱘ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎﻧﻮ‪‬ﺎ ‪Copyright and Legal Issues‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻹﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻲ ﺭﲟﺎ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺆﻫﻠﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺟﺴﺘﲑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺳﻴﺆﻫﻞ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻣﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ ﻻ ﳝﻠﻜﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻹﺫﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻣﺜﻼ ﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﻼﻳﲔ‪ .‬ﺭﲟﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻜﺎﺕ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻛﺘﻤﻠﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺢ ﺍﻹﺫﻥ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺟـ( ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﲡﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﳎﻠﺪﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻣﺜﻼ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻢ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﻤﻜﻨﲔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﺄ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﻤﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﻫﺮﻭﻥ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﲨﺎﻋ ﹰﺔ‪ .‬ﰒ ﳚﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺤﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪Managing Translation Business‬‬
‫) ﺩ ( ﺍﳌﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺔ ‪Grant and Sponsorship‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﺒﲑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻤ ‪‬ﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ‪) ١٠٠،٠٠٠‬ﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﺁﻟﻒ( ﺭﻳﻨﺠﻴ‪‬ﺘﺎ ﻷﻥ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﺜﲑ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬
‫ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺃﲨﻞ ﻭﺃﻛﻤﻞ ﻭﺃﺟﻮﺩ ﳉﺬﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻧﺪﻭﻧﻴﺴﻴﺎ ﻭﺳﻨﻐﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫) ﺩ ( ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ‪Training‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﰲ ﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻏﲑ ﻛﺎﰲ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻴﺪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻼﺯﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻮﺥ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺧﱪﺍ‪‬ﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﻴﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﱪﺓ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺃﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﻕ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺘﺎ ﻃﻮﻳﻼ ﻟﻴﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﳋﱪﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﲔ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻋﺮﻑ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺧﱪﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﲔ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﻏﲑ ﻛﺎﰲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ؟ ﻭﺭﲟﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﺑﺴﻼﳒﻮﺭ‬
‫)‪ (KUIS‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻮﺥ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)ﻫـ( ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ ﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ ﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﳊﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﺿﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻮﻇﻔﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻃﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻳﲔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﱪﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺮﺃﻫﺎ ﻛﺄﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﻌﻴﺶ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﻻﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﲟﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﻬﺪﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺮﻏﺒﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ‪ .‬ﻧﻈﺮﹰﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﳊﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﺗﻴﺬ ﻭﻃﻼﺏ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪Identifying the Target Market‬‬
‫)ﻫـ( ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪Translation Company‬‬
‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ؟ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﺭﲟﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ )‪ (IKIM‬ﺃﻭ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ )‪ .(DBP‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺍ ﻟﻠﻘﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﺭ‪‬ﺍ ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺪﻓﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ؟ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢،٤‬ﺧﱪﺓ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ" ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ‪Rihlah Ibn Batutta (RIB) Translator’s‬‬
‫‪Experience‬‬
‫) ﺃ ( ﻧﺒﺬ ﹲﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻷﺻﻠ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﻮ "ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻤ‪‬ﺎﺓ ﲢﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻏﺮﺍﺋﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺼﺎﺭ" ﻻﺑﻦ ‪‬ﺟﺰ‪‬ﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺑﺒﲑﻭﺕ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳ ٍﺦ‪ .‬ﻭﻃﺒﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺷﺮﺣﻪ ﻭﻛﺘﺐ ﻫﻮﺍﻣﺸﻪ‬
‫ﻃﻼﻝ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺣ‪‬ﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﹼﻮﺍﰐ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺠﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻟِﺪ ﰲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﹶﻃ‪‬ﻨﺠ‪‬ﺔ ﺑﺒﻼﺩ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺶ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺭﺟﺐ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪٧٠٢‬ﻫـ )ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻓﱪﺍﻳﺮ ‪١٣٠٤‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻘﺒﻪ ))ﺍﻟﱠﻠﻮ‪‬ﺍﺗِﻲ(( ﻧﺴﺒ ﹰﺔ ﺇﱃ ))ﻟﹶﻮﺍﺗﻪ(( ﻭﻫﻲ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﱪﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﻜﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ))ﺃﻳﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﱳ((‪ .‬ﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ))ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺠﻲ(( ﻓﲑﺗﺒﻂ ﲟﻮﻟﺪﻩ ﲟﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻃﻨﺠﺔ )‪ .(Tangier‬ﻭﻳﺘﺤﺪ‪‬ﺙ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺣﻼﺕ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﺰﺭ ﺍﳌﻠﻴﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻧﻐﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪Background of Original Book‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﻧﺒﺬ ﹲﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﻫﻮ ‪“Pengembaraan Ibn Batuttah Pengembara agung, karya terulung,‬‬
‫‪Institut Kefahaman Islam‬‬
‫”‪ .menyingkap wajah dunia‬ﻣﻦ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ‬
‫‪ .Malaysia / IKIM‬ﺗﺮﲨﻪ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺪﻱ ﺳﺘﻴﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺇﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻭﻭﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺳﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍ‪‬ﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻃﹸﺒﻊ ﻷﻭ‪‬ﻝ ﻣﺮ‪‬ﺓ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪٢٠٠٣‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﹸﻋﻴﺪﺕ ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻣﺮ ﹰﺓ‬
‫ﻼ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻷﺥ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻰ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ ﹰﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪٢٠٠٤‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﳛﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺼ ﹰ‬
‫‪Background of Translation Version‬‬
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‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﳏﺎﺿﺮﹰﺍ ﻟﻠﹼﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻮﺗﺮﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﺪﺭ‪‬ﺱ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﺟﻢ‬
‫ﻛﺜﲑﹰﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﹼﻔﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫) ﺩ ( ﻃﺮﻕ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﻴﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑﺓ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ‪‬ﺎﺯ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻃﺒ‪‬ﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﹼﺪ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﺗﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺄﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﹼﺪ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﺣﺮﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺗﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺄﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻞ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﺣﺮﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﻮﻋ‪‬ﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻔﻆ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﺯ ﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﺯ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﺣﺮﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﺯ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻮ‪‬ﻳ ﹰﺔ ﻭﺣﺬﻑ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﺯ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﳛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﺣﺮﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﳛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﻮ‪‬ﻳ ًﹰﺔً‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﳛﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﻴ‪ ‬ﹰﺔ ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻮ‪‬ﻳ ًﹰﺔً‪ ،‬ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﳛﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻜﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﺣﺮﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻜﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻮ‪‬ﻳﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻜﻨ‪‬ﻴﺔ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﺣﺮﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺔ ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻮ‪‬ﻳ ًﹰﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺷﺮﺣﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺗﺮﲨ ﹰﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻮ‪‬ﻳ ﹰﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪Strategies in Translating RIB into Malay‬‬
‫) ﺩ ( ﺧﱪﺍﺕ ﲡﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫) ‪ ( ١‬ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ‪Translation Time Frame‬‬
‫ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺇﱃ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪ .‬ﻭﳝﻀﻲ ﺣﻮﺍﱄ ﲬﺲ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻭﺍﳋﻤﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻘﻴﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ‪.‬‬
‫‪Business Experience‬‬
‫) ‪ ( ٢‬ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﰲ ﺑﻴﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬
‫‪Key Success Factor for Selling the RIB in‬‬
‫‪Malaysia‬‬
‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﺮﻏﺒﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﲨﻴﻞ ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻟﻘﺮﻭﻳﻨﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﶈﺎﺿﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺪﺭﺳﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﳉﺪ ﰲ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻝ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﰲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ‪ .‬ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺗﻠﻌﺐ ﺩﻭﺭﺍ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﻗﺪ ﺑﺬﻟﻮﺍ ﺟﻬﻮﺩﻫﻢ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺎﺯﺓ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﲢﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻐﺔ ﲨﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﲑﻏﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﻗﺮﺍﺀ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﺳﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻏﺎﱄ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪.‬‬
‫) ‪ ( ٣‬ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻐﻤﻮﺽ ﰲ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺣﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﲟﺎ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﲜﺎﻧﺐ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺟﺪﺍ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺗﺬﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﲟﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﺣﱴ ﻭﺟﺪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻓﻬﺔ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﺪﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬ؟ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻗﺪ ﻣﺮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺋﺪ‬
‫ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪Translation Challenges‬‬
‫ﻼ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫) ‪ ( ٤‬ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﺆﻫ ﹰ‬
‫‪Criteria of‬‬
‫‪Successful Arabic Classical Book Translator‬‬
‫) ﺃ ( ﺃﻥ ﳝﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﺃﻥ ﳝﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺬﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻱ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺟـ( ﺃﻥ ﳝﻠﻚ ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﻳﻠﻤﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﻘﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫) ﺩ ( ﺃﻥ ﳝﻠﻚ ﺭﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺑﻞ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺟـ( ﺃﻥ ﳝﻠﻚ ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻟﻐﺔ‪.‬‬
‫) ‪ ( ٥‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‬
‫‪Titles‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪Suggestion for Other Translation‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻬﺎ ﻏﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟﺒﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﻠﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺩﻣﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺨﻼﺀ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻺﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﺍﱄ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﲨﺖ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺪﻭﻧﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺻﻌﺐ ﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻃﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺟﺴﺘﲑ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﲔ ﻳﺪﺭﺳﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻘﻮ‪‬ﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻟﻐﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﺎﺕ‬
‫) ﺃ ( ﻳﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫)‪(Market Target‬‬
‫ﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﲟﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ‪‬ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ )‪ ،(DBP‬ﻭﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ )‪ ،(ITNMB‬ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ )‪ ،(IKIM‬ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﻭﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﺟﻌﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﹲﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﻭﺳﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ )‪ ،(PMR‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ )‪،(SPM‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ )‪ .(STPM‬ﻭﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﻫﻮ ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﳜﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﲜﺎﻧﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻭ‪‬ﻕ ﲜﻤﺎﻟﺔ ﺃﺳﻠﻮ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺑﻼﻏﺘﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺄﻣﻞ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﰲ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺳﺘﺘﺎﺡ‬
‫ﳍﻢ ﺷﺮﺍﺀ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﻘﻴﻘ ﹰﺔ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﲔ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﻠﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﳒﺤﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺷﻴﻜﺴﻔﲑ )‪ (Shakespeare‬ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺮﺡ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻱ‬
‫)‪ (Phantom of the opera‬ﻣﺎﺩﺗﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺟـ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳒﻌﻞ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﰲ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻼ‬
‫ﺑﺪ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ ﻳﺒﺬﻟﻮﻥ ﺟﻬﻮﺩﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺟﻢ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺬﻳﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﺪ‪ ،‬ﲜﺎﻧﺐ ﺇﱃ ﲢﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﲣﻔﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻼﻭ ﹰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺪﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﺆﲤﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪11‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﻣﻴ‪‬ﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳ‪‬ﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻗﺸﻮﺍ ﻭﻳﺘﺒﺎﺩﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﹼﻘﺔ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻙ‬
‫ﲨﻌﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳ‪‬ﲔ )‪ (Malaysian Translators Association‬ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﲟﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﻼﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺇﳒﺎﺯ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪.‬‬
‫) ﺩ ( ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺐ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟﺒﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺩﻣﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺨﻼﺀ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻺﻣﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺼﺼﲔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﺰﺍﱄ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﺨ ‪‬‬
‫ﳚﺐ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﳉﺒ‪‬ﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﲔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
‫)ﻫـ( ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺔ‪ .‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓ ﹰﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ‪‬ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻴﻤﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﹼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺷﻌﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻼﻭ ﹰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﳝﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﲪﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﹼﻔﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻹﳒﺎﺯﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺳﻴﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴ‪‬ﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃ‪‬ﻢ ﺳﻴﻠﻤ‪‬ﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﰊ ﻭﺑﻴﺌﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺍﳋﺎﲤﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ‪‬ﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﺪﻭﻥ ﻻﻏﺘﻨﺎﻡ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ؟ ﻫﻞ ﳝﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻬﺮ ﻟﻴﺎﱄ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ؟ ﻭﻫﻞ ﳝﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ؟ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳚﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﲨﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺑﺢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻼﻳﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬
.‫ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ‬:‫ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ‬.‫ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﻭﺭﺣﻠﺘﻪ‬.‫ﺕ‬.‫ ﺩ‬.‫ ﺷﺎﻛﺮ‬،‫ﺧﺼﺒﺎﻙ‬
.‫ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ‬:‫ ﺑﲑﻭﺕ‬.‫ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ ﰲ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬.‫ﻡ‬١٩٩٤ .‫ ﻟﻄﻴﻒ‬،‫ﺯﻳﺘﻮﱐ‬
‫ﺔ‬‫ ﻣﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴ‬:‫ ﻛﻮﺍﻻ ﳌﺒﻮﺭ‬.‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‬.‫ﻡ‬٢٠٠١ .‫ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺷﻴﺦ‬،‫ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬
.‫ﺔ ﲟﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴ‬
‫ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﲢﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻏﺮﺍﺋﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺼﺎﺭ ﻭﻋﺠﺎﺋﺐ‬.‫ﻡ‬١٩٦٦-‫ﻫـ‬١٣٨٦ .‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ‬
.‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻻﻋﻼﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬:‫ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬.‫ﺍﻷﺳﻔﺎﺭ‬
.‫ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﲟﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‬:‫ ﻛﻮﺍﻻ ﳌﺒﻮﺭ‬.‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻓﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﲨﺔ‬.‫ﻡ‬٢٠٠٥ .‫ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﺮ ﺍﳊﺎﺝ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ‬
Abdul Rahman Chik. 2003. Pengalaman dalam Terjemahan Melayu Arab, Terjemahan dalam
Pendidikan, Himpunan Kertas Kerja Persidangan Penterjemahan Antarabangsa ke-9.
Penyunting Abdullah Hassan. Perak: Universiti Perguruan Sultan Idris, Cetakan Pertama.
Kurato / Hodgetts. Entreprenuership Theory, Process, Practice. 7th Edition. USA: Thomson Higher
Education.
Olive Classe. 2000. Encyclopedia of Literary Translation into English. London: Fitzroy Dearborn
Publishers. Vol 2.
Rose E.Dunn, 1989. The Adventures of Ibn Batutta A Muslim Traveller of the 14th Century. Los
Angeles: University of California Press.
Syed Nurul Akla Syed Abdullah. Adi Setia Mohd. Dom. 2004. Pengembaraan Ibn Batuttah. Kuala
Lumpur: Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia. Cetakan ke-2.
Syed Nurul Akla Syed Abdullah. 1999. “Faktor Leksiko-Budaya Dalam Penterjemahan Karya Rihlah
Ibn Batuttah”. Prosiding Persidangan Penterjemahan Antarabangsa ke-7. Editor Persidangan
Penterjemahan Antarabangsa ke-7. Selangor: Persatuan Penterjemah Malaysia. Dewan Bahasa
dan Pustaka.
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‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ‪ ١٥ .‬ﺇﺑﺮﻳﻞ ‪٢٠٠٨‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﻀﻴﺔ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪ .‬ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻮﺗﺮﺍ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﺳﻼﳒﻮﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﻴﺖ‬
‫< ‪Syed Akla “Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication”, Universiti Putra Malaysia,‬‬
‫)‪http://www.fbmk.upm.edu.my/~syedakla> (accessed 24th October 2005‬‬
‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ‪ :‬ﲡﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺟﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﲡﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﲨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺟﻞ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ‬
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